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TranslationUnit 81, 严酷的日常生活现实驱散了他对美好未来的憧憬。
(dispel)The harsh reality of daily life dispelled all his hopes for a bright future.2,由于不可预料的天气，我们的运动会将延期到下周举行。
(postpone)Our sports meet will be postponed to next week because of the unpredictable weather.3, 不论是谁，凡是来参观展览会的人都必须出示他|她的身份证。
(no matter...)Every visitor to this exhibition must show his/her identity card no matter who he/she is.4, 旧城中心的改造计划要得到市政府的批准。
(be subject to)The renovation plan for the old city center is subject to the approval of the municipal government.5,在一次又一次地经历失败后，他的希望破灭了。
(wither)His hopes withered away after he had experienced one failure after another,6, 电子邮件传递信息又快又便利，它将很快就替代普通邮递。
(replace)E-mail is so quick and convenient in sending messages that it may soon replace ordinary mail service.7, 看到长城使他产生一种惊讶的感觉。
(evoke)The sight of the Great Wall evoked a sense of wonder in him.8, 质量控制工具的保养是会很昂贵的。
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
第一章绪论1.1 翻译的性质和分类1. 翻译的定义：Definition of translation翻译是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言、跨文化的交际活动。
翻译的本质是释义，是意义的转换。
2. 翻译的分类：Classification of translation按文本而言，分为文学翻译、科级翻译、应用文翻译就方式而言，分为全译、摘译、编译。
全译：全文照译，全译是翻译的最基本方式，它是翻译的基础。
摘译：根据特定目的的摘取、翻译原文中的部分内用，以利译文读者更方便，更快捷的获取原文文献主要信息的方式。
编译：则是“编辑”和“”翻译的结合。
3.翻译活动涉及的因素：Factors involved in translation activities译者：translator, 作者：author, 原文: source text，原文读者: source-text readers译文：target text/translated text/target version, 译文读者: target-text readers1.2 汉英翻译的单位----句子C-E Translation Unit句子：句子是用词或词组构成的一个能够表达一个完整意思的语言单位。
每个句子都有一定的语调，表示陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹等语气。
在连续说话时，句子和句子中间有一个较大的停顿。
在书面上，句子的停顿处，要根据不同的语调分别用句号、问号火感叹号。
（定义来自《汉语大辞典》）从意义上讲，句子能够表示一个完整的意思从功能上讲，句子表示陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹等语气从形态上讲，句末有句号、问号或感叹号为标志因此，句子是较为理想的翻译单位。
1.3 汉英翻译的标准Standards for C-E TranslationChinese translation standards1．严复的标准信：faithfulness 指准确的传达原文的内容，即信于读者和作者，不允许对原作有任何歪曲或篡改，译作不容许有任何遗漏和省略。
新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇第2版考研练习题库陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》（第2版）配套题库（含考研真题）目录第1章绪论第2章汉英翻译基础知识第3章词语的英译3.1 词语指称意义和蕴含意义的确定3.2 词语英译与文化环境3.3 “假朋友”的识别3.4 成语和四字格的英译第4章句子的英译4.1 主语的确定4.2 谓语的确定与主谓一致问题4.3 语序的调整4.4 否定句的英译4.5 句子功能的再现第5章句群与段落的英译5.1 句群内的衔接与连贯5.2 段落翻译第6章篇章的英译6.1 广告文本的英译6.2 新闻文本的英译6.3 科技文本的英译6.4 说明性文本的英译6.5 歌词文本的英译6.6 文学文本的英译•试看部分内容绪论Ⅰ. 填空题1. 按照文本类型来分，翻译可分为_____、_____、_____、_____。
【答案】文学翻译；科技翻译；新闻翻译；应用文翻译查看答案【解析】根据书中所述，文本的类型概括起来有小说、诗歌、戏剧等文学文本，科技报告、科技论文等科技文本，新闻报道、通讯、社论、特写等新闻文本，广告、合同、产品说明书等应用文本。
2. 就翻译方式而言，主要有_____、_____、_____，其中_____是翻译最基本的方式。
【答案】全译；摘译；编译；全译查看答案【解析】全译，指全文翻译，为翻译最基本的方式。
摘译，指根据特定目的，选取、翻译原文的一部分，从而使译入语读者更快地获得所需源语文本中的信息。
编译为“编辑”和“翻译”的结合。
3. 汉语和英语均具有的语言层级为_____、_____、_____、_____、_____。
【答案】词；短语；句子；段落；篇章查看答案【解析】翻译单位是翻译研究和学习翻译不可忽视的问题，因为涉及到两种语言在什么层级上进行转换的问题。
汉英两种语言均有的语言层级为词（wo rd）、短语（ph rase）、句子（sen tence）、段落（p aragraph）和篇章（text）。
Unit 1恰到好处你一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上子？只他左敲敲，右敲敲，不准会将整个子翻，果敲来敲去到来只敲了半截。
而熟的木匠就不么干。
他每敲一下都会巧妙地正着落下去，一到底。
言也是如此。
一位秀的家造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的点。
差不多的，不准确的短，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修，都无法使一位追求真英的作家意。
他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的。
法国人有一个很切的短来表达一个意思，即“ le mot juste”, 恰到好的。
有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人事，比如福楼拜常花几天的力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无。
在浩瀚的海中，与之有着微妙的区，要找到能恰如其分表达我意思的非易事。
不是扎的言功底和相当大的量的，需要人尽汁，要察敏。
是程的一个步，也是描述我的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和者深刻理解的一个。
有人：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？” 听起来似乎很离，但它确很有道理。
找恰如其分的的确是件不容易的事。
一旦找到了那个，我就会感到很欣慰：辛得到了回。
准确地用言有助于我深入了解我描述的事物。
例如，当有人你：“某某是怎么的人？”你回答：“恩，我想他是个不的家伙，但他非常⋯⋯”接着你犹豫了，找到一个或短来明他到底在哪里。
当你找到一个恰当的短的候，你自己他的看法更清楚，也更精确了。
一些英根相同而意却截然不同。
例如human 和 humane, 二者的根相同，也相关，但用法完全不同。
“human action (人行 ) ”和“ humane action( 人道行 ) ”完全是两事。
我不能“人道力宣言”，而是“人宣言”。
有一种屠工具叫“ humane killer (麻醉屠宰机 ) ，而不是 human killer (人机器 ) 。
言中的坏手的例子在我身随可。
有人邀一名学生去吃，他写信予回复。
看他的信是尾的：“我将很高赴并不安（anxiety）期待着那个日子的到来。
”“ Anxiety ”含有和恐惧的意味。
新编汉英翻译教程第五章篇章与段落上海男人明,,有也相当滑聪聪聪聪聪…尊重女性。
是不是要我家里有没有一些,聪聪聪聪聪……聪聪不是叫那些富翁Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but 聪冷三天。
what impresses most is that they are aggressive in their career Dear readers, maybe you wish to known if I have any private and responsible to their families and respectful to females.property at home. Just a minute! Let me see… Ah, here it is butnothing much though. I have left my wife for safekeeping a few 聪聪聪……聪聪已是三年前的事情了。
日才退出厚两寸,重一changes of used underwear and a few pairs of socks with mendedsoles, all of which I used to wear last summer. She has now put 斤。
The thing happened three years ago. Shortly after Japanese troops withdrew, I went to Lida School in Jiangwan to inspect them away in a remote mountain valley to prevent them frombeing stolen in case of Kuomintang attack, so that I may wear the damage, and lingered over that mournful scene for somehours. On the way back I picked up this lump of iron. The them again this summer. These are all the property I have to myname. but wouldn’t the declaration of my family treasures make ground roundabout Lida School was littered with lumps of iron, some big, some small. I was told they were bomb fragments. The myself an object oflively ridicule to the rich?one I picked up was a small one. Measuring roughly six inchesacross, there inched high and two inches thick. It weight was 太湖明珠无能略水的民俗情。
上海男人聪明，务实，有时也相当圆滑…尊重女性。
Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but what impresses most is that they are aggressive in their career and responsible to their families and respectful to females.这已经是三年前的事情了。
日军才退出……厚两寸，重约一斤。
The thing happened three years ago. Shortly after Japanese troops withdrew, I went to Lida School in Jiangwan to inspect the damage, and lingered over that mournful scene for some hours. On the way back I picked up this lump of iron. The ground roundabout Lida School was littered with lumps of iron, some big, some small. I was told they were bomb fragments. The one I picked up was a small one. Measuring roughly six inches across, there inched high and two inches thick. It weight was about a catty.我当时是接管中央美术学院的代表……“……就是很大的贡献……”I was then the military representative at the Central Academy of Fine Arts. I was told that Baishi was a professor there and that he came to the Academy once a month. Every time he came he would paint a picture as an example for the students to imitate, but some students proposed that his salary should be stopped since he came to infrequently.“For an artist as old as he is, to come once a month and produce a painting is a great contribution…” I explained.雨后，院里来了个麻雀，刚长全了羽毛……似乎要脱落下来。
As soon as the rain stopped, a sparrow, almost full-fledged, flew into the courtyard. It hopped around, fluttered at times, darting up to the edged of the flower-pot and back to the ground again. Watching it move up and down liker this a couple of times, I realized that it could not fly any higher as the plumes on its left wing have got twisted, and one is sticking out as if about to come off any moment.经多种手段检测证实，主坝混凝土防渗墙……少量的混凝土也许凿出。
After checking of Main Dam Concrete Cut-off Wall by many means, it is verified that the concrete strength is lower at several places at the north of the panel NO. 1 and does not meet the design requirement. It was once demolished with the jackhammer by others in accordance with the requirement of the employer. The removal part is 3.2m long at the axis of the Cut-off Wall and is down to the bottom of the panel NO.1. But there still remains a little amount of concrete to be chiseled.信息技术引发的商业模式的变革，……这种理性的响应而引起广泛的共鸣。
In the past few years, the transform of business mode brought by information technology took on a rapid development trend. The economic running mode featured by electronic commerce improves rapidly by the impulse of technology. During the last year, the boiling debating on media on electronic commerce began to calm down. In the background of the global economic declining, the industry went more and more sensible and practical. Therefore, more theory discussion brought wide resonance as response to this sense.当前最重要的任务是发张国民经济，……强大的社会主义国家。
Our primary task at present is to develop national economy and promote the living standards of the people. Therefore, we must reform the old economic system so as to further liberate productive forces. Moreover, we should be open to the outside world so that we can learn advanced science and technology from other countries. And we are sure to build China into a powerful socialist century so long as we stick to the reform and opening policy.在四川西部……它就是松潘县的黄龙。
one of Sichuan’s fine sports is Huanglong, which lies in Song Pan County just beneath Xuebao, the main peak of the Minshan Mountain. It has lush green forests filled with fragrant flowers, bubbing streams and songbirds.是不是还要问问我家里有没有一些财产？……岂不是叫那些富翁们齿冷三天。
Dear readers, maybe you wish to known if I have any private property at home. Just a minute! Let me see… Ah, here it is but nothing much though. I have left my wife for safekeeping a few changes of used underwear and a few pairs of socks with mended soles, all of which I used to wear last summer. She has now put them away in a remote mountain valley to prevent them from being stolen in case of Kuomintang attack, so that I may wear them again this summer. These are all the property I have to my name. but wouldn’t the declaration of my family treasures make myself an object of lively ridicule to the rich?太湖明珠无锡……能领略水乡的民俗风情。
Like a bridge pearl set on the Taihu Lake and situated in the center od the beautifule and fertile Changjiang Delta id southern Jiangsu Province, Wuxi is one of China’s major tourist cities, with its pleasant climate, rich natural resources and picturesque scenery. Cutting through the city is the Beijing-Hhangzhou Grand Canal, an ancient project equal in fame to the Great Wall. A trip along the river will enable the visitor to know the custom and life style of the local people.我睁大了眼……像是有人在叩门。
