国际知名报刊
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最具国际知名度的德文报纸作者:周健来源:《对外大传播》2009年第11期《法兰克福汇报》在所有的德国严肃报纸中拥有最高的国外知名度。
因其在德语社会的巨大影响力,它登载的文章经常被其他国家的媒体引用或转载,从而使该报成为最具国际知名度的德文报纸。
每天要向大约140个国家提供该报,所以《法兰克福汇报》是德国所有高品质的日报中在国外发行最广的。
《法兰克福汇报》拥有一个遍布全球的记者网,除了在国内15个城市建有分社外,还在包括中国在内的24个国家和地区派驻了记者。
而在一些国际性大都市(如纽约、伦敦、巴黎)甚至有多名通讯员分别负责政治、经济或文艺等不同领域的新闻报道。
这使该报能对国际上发生的重大事件做出比通讯社消息更有深度的独家报道。
《法兰克福汇报》(德语原名:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung,缩写:F.A.Z.)于1949年11月1日创刊,是一份全国性对开日报,是德国少数几家全国发行的综合性预订日报之一。
报社总部位于美因河畔的法兰克福。
报纸的法人形式是有限责任公司,有职工约141)0人,独立的FAZIT基金会为报纸的主要持有人。
该报拥有自己的通讯员网络来采编新闻。
与其他报社不同,为保证报纸政治上的独立性,该报在编辑上不设主编,实行集体负责制,报道方针由5名发行人共同制定。
《法兰克福汇报》刊头印有“为德国办的报纸”字样,这是对该报宗旨最简明扼要的表达形式,时至今日,《法兰克福汇报》仍一如既往地致力于反映整个德国的情况。
2001年《法兰克福汇报》营业额为4.16亿欧元,同比下降22.5%,为扭转局面,2001年9月起增出风格轻松活泼的星期日版,称作《星期日法兰克福汇报》,同月30日,实现全国发行,除与母报《法兰克福汇报》资源共享之外,《星期日法兰克福汇报》还拥有50多名自己的编辑记者。
为了专注于核心业务,《法兰克福汇报》于2005年将下属的三家图书出版社出售给兰登书屋,2006年又放弃了一家艺术类图书出版社。
国外著名财经报刊国际公认的最有影响力的三大财经杂志是《财富》、《福布斯》和《商业周刊》。
《福布斯》、《商业周刊》、《财富》分别创刊于1917年、1929年和1930年。
它们都有一个母公司,即投资公司。
《财富》属于时代公司,由《时代》的创刊人亨利·卢斯创办;《商业周刊》由麦格劳·希尔出版集团投资出版;只有《福布斯》不是集团投资,而是由苏格兰移民柏蒂·福布斯创办,最后发展成为福布斯集团。
这三大杂志,《财富》已有70年历史,《商业周刊》71年,《福布斯》更是悠久,已经有90年的历史。
它们的风雨历程,几天几夜都说不完。
我们这里由简入繁,从以下三个方面入手,把握它们发展的主脉:一是杂志创办人的个性;二是杂志的特点;三是杂志的人才观。
1930年,亨利·卢斯创办了《财富》杂志,不过在此之前的1923年,亨利·卢斯已经和布里顿·哈登共同创办了一份杂志——《时代》周刊。
《时代》周刊用讲故事的手法来写新闻报道,并加进了强烈的人情味,因而受到各阶层人们的喜爱,取得了巨大的成功。
卢斯的《财富》杂志延续了《时代》周刊的风格,提出了“商业是文学,是戏剧”的创刊口号。
杂志创刊的那几年,美国经济进入大萧条时期。
在1929到1933年的经济危机中,美国遭受的打击最为严重。
到1933年初,美国已有半数银行倒闭,13万家以上企业破产,完全失业人数达到1300万。
然而《财富》杂志并没有像美国经济那样陷入萧条,它依靠稳扎稳打的作风,逐步扩展了自己的市场,并在工商企业界赢得了声誉。
事实证明,卢斯在新闻报道写作手法上的创新,为《财富》杂志注入了强大的生命力。
在创办《福布斯》杂志之前,柏蒂福布斯已经是美国首屈一指的财经记者。
1917年,37岁的福布斯独立创办了美国第一本纯粹报道商业新闻的杂志。
不过,他使用了一种不同于当时潮流的报道方式。
他反对当时盛行的堆砌枯燥商业数字的方法,把报道重点放在企业家身上。
世界主要英文报刊汇总! 英国全国性高级报纸有: 《泰晤士报》 Times 《每日电讯报》 The Daily Telegraph 《卫报》 The Guardian 《金融时报》 The Financial Times 《星期日电讯报》 Sunday Dispatch 《观察家报》 The Observer 《星期日泰晤士报》The Sunday Times 全国性通俗报纸有: 《每日快报》 The Daily Express 《每日邮报》 The Daily Mail 《每日镜报》 Daily Mirror 《星期日快报》 The Sunday Express 《世界新闻报》 The News of the World 《星期日人民报》The Sunday People 地方性报纸 它主要以刊登本地新闻和广告为主,具有浓厚的地方特色。
包括晨报、晚报、周报、3日刊。
如: 《格拉斯哥先驱报》 (Glasgow Herald) 《旗帜晚报》 ( The Evening Standard ) 《新闻晚报》 (The Evening News)等。
主要报纸简介 《泰晤士报》(Times):1785年由约翰•沃尔特在创敦创刊,誉为“世界第一大报纸”(the First Newspaper in the World). 《卫报》(The Guardian) :原名《曼彻斯特卫报》(The Man- Chester Guardian),1821年创刊于曼彻斯特,后迁伦敦,1959年改称《卫报》. 《金融时报》(The Financial Times) :1888年于伦敦创刊,是英国金融资本的晴雨表. 《每日电讯报》(The Daily Telegraph) :1855年于伦敦创刊,该报以“时效性”而著称。
《观察家报》(The Observer) 1791年创刊。
《每日快报》(The Daily Express):1900年由比弗布鲁克爵士( Lord Beaverbrook) 在伦敦创刊。
世界主要英文报刊汇总!《中国日报》:China Daily英国全国性高级报纸有:《泰晤士报》 Times《每日电讯报》 The Daily Telegraph《卫报》 The Guardian《金融时报》 The Financial Times《星期日电讯报》 Sunday Dispatch《观察家报》 The Observer《星期日泰晤士报》The Sunday Times全国性通俗报纸有:《每日快报》 The Daily Express《每日邮报》 The Daily Mail《每日镜报》 Daily Mirror《星期日快报》 The Sunday Express《世界新闻报》 The News of the World《星期日人民报》The Sunday People地方性报纸它主要以刊登本地新闻和广告为主,具有浓厚的地方特色。
包括晨报、晚报、周报、3日刊。
如:《格拉斯哥先驱报》 (Glasgow Herald)《旗帜晚报》 ( The Evening Standard )《新闻晚报》 (The Evening News)等。
主要报纸简介《泰晤士报》(Times):1785年由约翰•沃尔特在创敦创刊,誉为“世界第一大报纸”(the First Newspaper in the World).《卫报》(The Guardian) :原名《曼彻斯特卫报》(The Man- Chester Guardian),1821年创刊于曼彻斯特,后迁伦敦,1959年改称《卫报》.《金融时报》(The Financial Times) :1888年于伦敦创刊,是英国金融资本的晴雨表.《每日电讯报》(The Daily Telegraph) :1855年于伦敦创刊,该报以“时效性”而著称。
《观察家报》(The Observer) 1791年创刊。
《每日快报》(The Daily Express):1900年由比弗布鲁克爵士 ( Lord Beaverbrook) 在伦敦创刊。
Week01 Introduction◆. American Key NewspapersThe New York Times《纽约时报》1851 The Washington Post《华盛顿邮报》1877 Los Angles Times《洛杉矶时报》1881 USA Today《今日美国报》1983 The Wall Street Journal《华尔街日报》1889 The Christian Science Monitor《基督教科学箴言报》1908 International Herald Tribune《国际先驱论坛报》1963 ◆. American Key PeriodicalsTime《时代》周刊1923 Newsweek 《新闻周刊》1933 U.S. News & World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊1948 Reader‟s Digest《读者文摘》月刊1922 Fortune 《财富》月/ 1978:双周刊1930 /magazines/fortune/Business Week《商业周刊》1929 Far Eastern Economic Review 《远东经济评论》1946 /◆. British Key NewspapersQuality papersThe Times 《泰晤士报》1785 Financial Times 《金融时报》1888 /home/rwThe Guardian 《卫报》1821 /The Daily Telegraph 《每日电讯报》1855 Popular papersDaily Express 《每日快报》Daily Mail 《每日邮报》Daily Star 《每日明星报》Daily Mirror 《每日镜报》The Sun 《太阳报》Mid-market papers◆. British Key PeriodicalsThe Economist《经济学家》1843 The Spectator《旁观者》1828 New Statesman《新政治家》◆.News AgencyAP (Associated Press) 美联社1848 UPI (United Press International) 合众国际社1907 Reuters路透社PA ( Press Association) 报纸联合社法新社:AFP (Agence France Press)塔斯社:TASS - ITAR-TASS News Agency (The Information Telegraph Agency of Russia)◆.Contents and format5 SECTIONS:A: International, Editorial, Opposite Editorial ( Op-Ed)B: MetroC: Business TodayD: Sports MondayE: ArtsObituaries/ Milestones/ TransitionWeather Classified Ads Auto ExchangeUpdated news: ◆.Political tendencyWeek 02 News and JournaleseNews Journalese HeadlineFeatures of headline Headline & background information Newsworthy information:Prominence Government Weirdness Shocking truth Currency Impact Timeliness Proximity Conflict◆. Prominence:information has prominence if it involves a well-known person or organization.◆.Government◆.Weirdness: information has weirdness if it involves somethingunusual or strange.◆.Currency:information has currency if it is related to some general topic a lot of people are already talking about.◆Impact: information has impact if it affects a lot of people.◆Timeliness: information has timeliness if it happened recently."Recently" is defined by the publication cycle of the news medium in which the information will appear.For "Newsweek," events that happened during the previous week are timely.For a daily newspaper, however, events that happened during the 24 hours since the last edition ofthe paper are timely.For CNN Headline News, events that happened during the past half hour are timely.◆Proximity:information has proximity if it involves something happened somewhere nearby.◆Conflict:information has conflict if it involves some kind of disagreement between two or more people.News that readers might be interested in:1.Politics and government2. Disaster3.Crime and courts4. Business5. Strike, demonstration and disputes6. War and terrorism7. Environment8. Famous people 9. Sports 10. entertainment◆What is news? Definition of newsWell, news is anything that's interesting, that relates to what's happening in the world, what's happening in areas of the culture that would be of interest to your audience.Kurt Loder, American journalist, b. 1945What you see is news, what you know is background, what you feel is opinion.Lester Markel, American journalist, 1894-1977Traits of American News:WeirdnessNegative newsOther definitions of newsTo a journalist, good news is often not news at all.Phil Donahue, American entertainer, b. 1935No news is good news.Ludovic Halevy, French author, 1834-1908For most folks, no news is good news; for the press, good news is not news.Gloria Borger, American journalist, b. 1952The real news is bad news.Marshall Mcluhan, Canadian communications theorist, 1911-1980Negative News is the real news◆What is Journalese? Journalesethe style in which newspapers are written (低劣的)新闻笔调, (文笔草率的)新闻文体The style of writing often held to be characteristic of newspapers and magazines, distinguished by clichés, sensationalism, and triteness of thought. Other definition of journaleseEnglish of a style featured by use of colloquialisms, superficiality of thoughtand reasoning, clever or sensational presentation of material, and evidences of haste in composition, considered characteristic of newspaper writing. Features of News HeadlinesOmission TenseAbbreviations & Acronyms WordingVoice Punctuations Journalistic CoinagesOmissionTensesThe frequent tenses used in the headline are the simple present, the simple future and the present progressive, whether it is of the past event, in order to add to its freshness and immediacy.Acronyms & AbbreviationsInitials or AcronymsShortened Words or AbbreviationsWordingShort, simple and concrete words are often applied in the headlines to create vividness and accuracy.VoicesPassive voice in the headline is often represented without the auxiliary verb ‘be’or ‘by’phrase. Only the bare past participle will do. Punctuations , ——:Comma is often functioned as the conjunction ‘and’.dash is often functioned as quotes, introducing the speaker or the source.Colon is often functioned as …saying‟ or the conjunction of link verb …be‟. Journalistic CoinagesJournalistic coinages are often made up of a phrase by saving some syllables in order to make a compound.Lead1.Functions and characteristics of the lead2. Types and features of the leadLeadThe "lead" in journalism is the first sentence or paragraph. It's used to hook the reader and draw them in to read the entire article or listen to the full story.Lead distinguishes news from other forms of literature. Usually lead refers to the first paragraph or first few paragraphs including the latest, foremost intriguing facts. It is either to summarize, or to outline, or to brief the news in order to lead the readers to the depth of the story. Western journalists regard the lead as the cream of the news as well as a show window of their writing style.Functions and characteristics of the leadSuccinctBeing brief, simple, plain, and concise, a lead is usually of about 25 words or at most 35 words by one sentence.InformativeA lead should tells of the essence of the news within the fewest words. IntriguingTry to attract the readers’interest through its wording.When Where Who What Why HowTypes and features of the leadChronological Order Form/ wiener Form : sports, crimes, obituaries Suspended Interest Form: FeaturesInterpretative Reporting Form: reasoning, answer seekingTypes and features of the leadSummary lead or roundup leadMain fact leadDescriptive leadDirect address lead or personal leadQuotation leadSuspense leadDelayed lead or multi-paragraph leadContrast leadQuestion leadAnecdotal leadCombined lead or multiple element leadLabel lead or empty leadThe Inverted Pyramid FormIn the order of descending importance★★★★★★★Intro containing most important or most interesting information★★★★★★More facts★★★★★Supporting information or background★★★Quotes or more facts of lesser importance★★More detail★Least significant informationDateline (电头)A phrase at the beginning of a newspaper or magazine article that gives the date and place of its origin.News AgencyAP (Associated Press) 美联社1848 UPI (United Press International) 合众国际社1907 Reuters路透社PA ( Press Association) 报纸联合社法新社:AFP (Agence France Press)塔斯社:TASS - ITAR-TASS News Agency(The Information Telegraph Agency of Russia)Newspapers not only carry stories sent by their correspondents or reporters, but also news dispatches provided by different news agencies, especially forthose local or district newspapers. Therefore, news dispatches are the major news source for most of the newspapers.News sourceOfficial官员;spokesman发言人;government official政府官员;Foreign Ministry spokesman外交部发言人;authorities权威人士;high-placed sources 高层消息灵通人士;sources人士;diplomatic ~;military~;police~;official~;reliable~;authoritative~; unimpeacheable ~; well-informed ~; well-placed ~; wired ~; sources close to …接近……(方面)的人士;quarters/circles方面/阶层;financial quarters金融界方面;the quarters concerned有关方面;educational circles; judicial circles; theatrical circles; observers; analysts; experts; witnesses; government statement政府声明;unconfirmed report未经证实的消息;document released by由……发布的文件。
世界主要报刊和通讯社一、报刊的起源与概述最早的新闻媒介是报纸。
近代英文报纸的雏形起源于16世纪的英国,其第一家日报《每日新闻》(The Daily Courant)由马利特(Edward Mallet)于1702年在伦敦创办。
该报最初较为粗糙,仅一版,且以翻译荷文、法文消息为主,直到19世纪后才陆续增加了财经、金融、工商企业、娱乐消息、体育及读者信箱等内容,从而和人们的日常生活日趋相关,成为人人每天必读的信息{来源。
}二、世界主要报刊1、《泰晤士报》(The Times)《泰晤士报》是英国历史悠久、最有权威和影响力的报纸。
该报创刊于1785年,原名《每日环球记事报》(The Daily Universal Register),1788年改为现名。
该报创办人为约翰·华尔特(John Walter),由泰晤士报业公司(The Times Newspaper Ltd.)出版,隶属于英国泰晤士报业集团。
《泰晤士报》大概是中国人最早接触的西方报纸。
它以消息灵通、来源可靠、内容翔实、报道和评论严肃著称。
该报的新闻从业者两百多年来坚持“忠实地记录”的立场,为它赢得了“雷神”(The Thunder)的谑称。
1980年默多克成为它的第五代主人。
面对电子传播媒介的冲击和报纸同行的激烈竞争,默多克在该报的内容和编排方面不断进行改革和创新,“图片增大,人情味新闻和犯罪新闻取代了部分严肃的新闻报道”。
自1986年1月开始,该报纸采用电子技术出版;1996年1月1日它开始在互联网上发行。
2、《每日电讯报》(The Daily Telegraph)1855年创办于伦敦,由电讯报业公司(Telegraph Newspaper Ltd.)出版。
在四家全国性“高级报纸”中,它是发行量最大的一家。
1937年该报与《晨邮报》合并。
该报公开标榜持“独立保守”的政治观点,其宗旨是“提供充分、明了和易于理解的新闻”,而实际上其观点倾向于保守党,是保守党的舆论工具。
中学生报刊清单1. 介绍中学生报刊是为中学生提供的一种重要的阅读材料,它可以帮助学生了解时事、拓宽知识面、培养阅读习惯和提高思维能力。
本清单旨在为中学生推荐一些优质的报刊,以帮助他们选择适合自己的阅读材料。
2. 报刊清单2.1. 人民日报•简介:人民日报是中国共产党中央委员会机关报,也是中国最具影响力的报纸之一。
它以客观、公正、权威的报道闻名于世。
•特点:–涵盖国内外政治、经济、文化等各个领域的新闻报道;–提供深度评论和分析,帮助读者更好地理解事件的背景和内涵;–适合对时事感兴趣、希望了解国内外重大事件的学生。
2.2. 中国青年报•简介:中国青年报是中国共产主义青年团中央机关报,是中国最具影响力的青年报之一。
它关注年轻人的成长和发展,为他们提供有益的信息和启示。
•特点:–关注青年人关心的社会热点问题;–探讨青年人的成长和发展问题;–提供职业规划和学习方法等方面的指导;–适合对社会问题和个人发展感兴趣的学生。
2.3. 读者文摘•简介:读者文摘是中国最具影响力的综合性读物之一,它以精选的文章和故事吸引了众多读者。
读者文摘的内容涵盖了人文、科技、生活等各个领域。
•特点:–精选优质文章和故事,内容丰富多样;–提供启发和思考的材料;–适合培养阅读兴趣和提高综合素质。
2.4. 科学美国人•简介:科学美国人是一本国际知名的科学杂志,它以权威、准确的科学报道和分析而闻名于世。
它的内容涵盖了物理、化学、生物、地理等各个科学领域。
•特点:–提供最新的科学研究成果和科技发展动态;–解释复杂的科学原理,帮助读者理解科学世界;–适合对科学感兴趣的学生。
2.5. 中国教育报•简介:中国教育报是中国教育部主管的全国性报纸,它关注教育问题,为教育工作者和学生提供有益的信息和指导。
•特点:–关注教育改革和教育政策;–提供教育教学经验和方法;–适合对教育问题感兴趣的学生。
3. 如何选择报刊选择合适的报刊对于中学生来说非常重要。
以下是一些选择报刊的建议:•确定自己的兴趣和需求:不同的报刊适合不同的人群,了解自己的兴趣和需求可以帮助你选择到最适合自己的报刊。
英国主要报刊简介(一)报纸《泰晤士报》(The times)《泰晤士报》由印刷商约翰·沃尔特(John Walter)于1785年1月1日在伦敦创刊,是英国历史最长、影响最大的报纸,一向以消息准确、社论严肃闻名,1993年被联合国教科文组织评为世界第一大报。
直至今天,它仍被认为是英国最有影响、最权威的一份报纸。
原名《每日天下纪闻》(The Daily Universal Register),1788年1月1日起改用现名。
该报原属泰晤士报业公司,由于连年亏损,1988年被美籍澳大利亚报业巨头鲁珀特·默多克(Rupert Murdoch)收购。
《星期日泰晤士报》为《泰晤士报》的周日刊。
《泰晤士报》的销量并不多,但是它不仅蜚声英国报坛,被誉为“最权威性的报纸”,而且在全球也享有很高的声誉。
大英百科全书不无吹嘘地称它是“世界第一大报纸”(The First Newspaper in the World)。
这家被西方新闻学者称为“现代新闻事业鼻祖”的报纸,是世界上连续出版的少数报纸之一,其读者对象主要是英国国会议员、政府官员、上层知识分子、企业家和金融界人士,各国外交部和研究机构一般也均有订阅。
《泰晤士报》自称“独立”“客观的报道事实”,实际上长期充当着大英帝国的喉舌,至今在重大的国内外政策方面基本上反映官方意图,“独立”只是一个标志而已。
该报在政治上得罪大错误和污点是20世纪30年代,坚决支持英国政府对纳粹德国的绥靖政策。
当时,英国报纸多数在政治上支持保守党政府,第二次世界大战之前,只有《每日电讯报》等少数报纸反对绥靖政策。
如果说《泰晤士报》同其他报纸一样,主张对德采取绥靖政策还只是一个政治错误的话,那么,该报在德国吞并捷克的苏台地区和吞并奥地利时,竟然发表社论为希特勒的侵略行径辩护,就不能不是严重的污点了。
该报为纳粹侵略者辩护的荒谬言论,不仅在当时及此后受到了各方的严重的指责,而且连该报在1985年庆祝建报200周年特刊(Special Supplement)上,也不得不承认当时的社论是它的“历史上的重大污点”。
Week01 Introduction◆. American Key NewspapersThe New York Times《纽约时报》1851 The Washington Post《华盛顿邮报》1877 Los Angles Times《洛杉矶时报》1881 USA Today《今日美国报》1983 The Wall Street Journal《华尔街日报》1889 The Christian Science Monitor《基督教科学箴言报》1908 International Herald Tribune《国际先驱论坛报》1963 ◆. American Key PeriodicalsTime《时代》周刊1923 Newsweek 《新闻周刊》1933 U.S. News & World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊1948 Reader‟s Digest《读者文摘》月刊1922 Fortune 《财富》月/ 1978:双周刊1930 /magazines/fortune/Business Week《商业周刊》1929 Far Eastern Economic Review 《远东经济评论》1946 /◆. British Key NewspapersQuality papersThe Times 《泰晤士报》1785 Financial Times 《金融时报》1888 /home/rwThe Guardian 《卫报》1821 /The Daily Telegraph 《每日电讯报》1855 Popular papersDaily Express 《每日快报》Daily Mail 《每日邮报》Daily Star 《每日明星报》Daily Mirror 《每日镜报》The Sun 《太阳报》Mid-market papers◆. British Key PeriodicalsThe Economist《经济学家》1843 The Spectator《旁观者》1828 New Statesman《新政治家》◆.News AgencyAP (Associated Press) 美联社1848 UPI (United Press International) 合众国际社1907 Reuters路透社PA ( Press Association) 报纸联合社法新社:AFP (Agence France Press)塔斯社:TASS - ITAR-TASS News Agency (The Information Telegraph Agency of Russia)◆.Contents and format5 SECTIONS:A: International, Editorial, Opposite Editorial ( Op-Ed)B: MetroC: Business TodayD: Sports MondayE: ArtsObituaries/ Milestones/ TransitionWeather Classified Ads Auto ExchangeUpdated news: ◆.Political tendencyWeek 02 News and JournaleseNews Journalese HeadlineFeatures of headline Headline & background information Newsworthy information:Prominence Government Weirdness Shocking truth Currency Impact Timeliness Proximity Conflict◆. Prominence:information has prominence if it involves a well-known person or organization.◆.Government◆.Weirdness: information has weirdness if it involves somethingunusual or strange.◆.Currency:information has currency if it is related to some general topic a lot of people are already talking about.◆Impact: information has impact if it affects a lot of people.◆Timeliness: information has timeliness if it happened recently."Recently" is defined by the publication cycle of the news medium in which the information will appear.For "Newsweek," events that happened during the previous week are timely.For a daily newspaper, however, events that happened during the 24 hours since the last edition ofthe paper are timely.For CNN Headline News, events that happened during the past half hour are timely.◆Proximity:information has proximity if it involves something happened somewhere nearby.◆Conflict:information has conflict if it involves some kind of disagreement between two or more people.News that readers might be interested in:1.Politics and government2. Disaster3.Crime and courts4. Business5. Strike, demonstration and disputes6. War and terrorism7. Environment8. Famous people 9. Sports 10. entertainment◆What is news? Definition of newsWell, news is anything that's interesting, that relates to what's happening in the world, what's happening in areas of the culture that would be of interest to your audience.Kurt Loder, American journalist, b. 1945What you see is news, what you know is background, what you feel is opinion.Lester Markel, American journalist, 1894-1977Traits of American News:WeirdnessNegative newsOther definitions of newsTo a journalist, good news is often not news at all.Phil Donahue, American entertainer, b. 1935No news is good news.Ludovic Halevy, French author, 1834-1908For most folks, no news is good news; for the press, good news is not news.Gloria Borger, American journalist, b. 1952The real news is bad news.Marshall Mcluhan, Canadian communications theorist, 1911-1980Negative News is the real news◆What is Journalese? Journalesethe style in which newspapers are written (低劣的)新闻笔调, (文笔草率的)新闻文体The style of writing often held to be characteristic of newspapers and magazines, distinguished by clichés, sensationalism, and triteness of thought. Other definition of journaleseEnglish of a style featured by use of colloquialisms, superficiality of thoughtand reasoning, clever or sensational presentation of material, and evidences of haste in composition, considered characteristic of newspaper writing. Features of News HeadlinesOmission TenseAbbreviations & Acronyms WordingVoice Punctuations Journalistic CoinagesOmissionTensesThe frequent tenses used in the headline are the simple present, the simple future and the present progressive, whether it is of the past event, in order to add to its freshness and immediacy.Acronyms & AbbreviationsInitials or AcronymsShortened Words or AbbreviationsWordingShort, simple and concrete words are often applied in the headlines to create vividness and accuracy.VoicesPassive voice in the headline is often represented without the auxiliary verb ‘be’or ‘by’phrase. Only the bare past participle will do. Punctuations , ——:Comma is often functioned as the conjunction ‘and’.dash is often functioned as quotes, introducing the speaker or the source.Colon is often functioned as …saying‟ or the conjunction of link verb …be‟. Journalistic CoinagesJournalistic coinages are often made up of a phrase by saving some syllables in order to make a compound.Lead1.Functions and characteristics of the lead2. Types and features of the leadLeadThe "lead" in journalism is the first sentence or paragraph. It's used to hook the reader and draw them in to read the entire article or listen to the full story.Lead distinguishes news from other forms of literature. Usually lead refers to the first paragraph or first few paragraphs including the latest, foremost intriguing facts. It is either to summarize, or to outline, or to brief the news in order to lead the readers to the depth of the story. Western journalists regard the lead as the cream of the news as well as a show window of their writing style.Functions and characteristics of the leadSuccinctBeing brief, simple, plain, and concise, a lead is usually of about 25 words or at most 35 words by one sentence.InformativeA lead should tells of the essence of the news within the fewest words. IntriguingTry to attract the readers’interest through its wording.When Where Who What Why HowTypes and features of the leadChronological Order Form/ wiener Form : sports, crimes, obituaries Suspended Interest Form: FeaturesInterpretative Reporting Form: reasoning, answer seekingTypes and features of the leadSummary lead or roundup leadMain fact leadDescriptive leadDirect address lead or personal leadQuotation leadSuspense leadDelayed lead or multi-paragraph leadContrast leadQuestion leadAnecdotal leadCombined lead or multiple element leadLabel lead or empty leadThe Inverted Pyramid FormIn the order of descending importance★★★★★★★Intro containing most important or most interesting information★★★★★★More facts★★★★★Supporting information or background★★★Quotes or more facts of lesser importance★★More detail★Least significant informationDateline (电头)A phrase at the beginning of a newspaper or magazine article that gives the date and place of its origin.News AgencyAP (Associated Press) 美联社1848 UPI (United Press International) 合众国际社1907 Reuters路透社PA ( Press Association) 报纸联合社法新社:AFP (Agence France Press)塔斯社:TASS - ITAR-TASS News Agency(The Information Telegraph Agency of Russia)Newspapers not only carry stories sent by their correspondents or reporters, but also news dispatches provided by different news agencies, especially forthose local or district newspapers. Therefore, news dispatches are the major news source for most of the newspapers.News sourceOfficial官员;spokesman发言人;government official政府官员;Foreign Ministry spokesman外交部发言人;authorities权威人士;high-placed sources 高层消息灵通人士;sources人士;diplomatic ~;military~;police~;official~;reliable~;authoritative~; unimpeacheable ~; well-informed ~; well-placed ~; wired ~; sources close to …接近……(方面)的人士;quarters/circles方面/阶层;financial quarters金融界方面;the quarters concerned有关方面;educational circles; judicial circles; theatrical circles; observers; analysts; experts; witnesses; government statement政府声明;unconfirmed report未经证实的消息;document released by由……发布的文件。