第十七章拟声词的翻译The translation of onomatopoeiaI. 拟声词的基本概念概念：拟声词，也称象声词，是摹拟事物或动作声音的词。
作用：加强文字的感染力，使语言更加生动形象。
II. 拟声词的翻译方法1. 在译文中保持原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分2. 在译文中转换原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分3. 汉语中用拟声词，英译时可不用拟声词4. 汉语中不用拟声词，英译时可用拟声词III. 汉英拟声词翻译方法小结A. 大部分的声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表达B. 少部分声音在英语和汉语中用相似的拟声词来表达用同一个 使卡搭卡Eg ：meow (or meou) -------- 喵hiss-------- 嘶嘶声dingdong ------- 叮咚声，叮当声ping ------- 乒，砰giggle -------- 咯咯地笑pit-a-pat -------- 噼噼啪啪地cuckoo ------ 咕咕叫A ciw moos.母牛哞哞叫。
A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
A wolf howls/ growls.狼嚎叫。
C. 有时，不同的拟声词可根据英语的习惯， 拟声词来表示例1clattervt.& vi.发出咔哒声； 嘁嘁喳喳地说笑；搭的响n.哗啦声； 嘁嘁喳喳的谈笑声； 咔哒声Eg ：• the clatter of a typewriter• clatter the kni ves and forks• clattered dow n the stairsTranslate the following sentences.1. 火车哐啷哐啷驶出车站The trai n clattered out of the stati on.2. 百叶窗在风中噼噼啪啪作响。
The shutters clattered in the wi nd.3. 午餐时，女孩子们叽叽呱呱地谈个不停。
The girls clattered away at their lun che on.4. 碟子碗碰得叮叮当当响。
The dishes and bowls slid together with a clatter.rumble vi.隆隆作响；（车辆）辘辘行驶vt•低沉地说；在滚筒里磨光或混合（金属零件）；看穿（阴谋）n.隆隆声，辘辘声；抱怨声；吵闹声，喧哗声；（旧式汽车车厢后的）折叠加座Eg：• The thu nder rumbles.• Chariots rumble and roll ; horses whinny and n eigh.车辚辚,马萧萧.• The stomach rumbles.• rumbled voice压低了的声音Translate the following sentences.1. 雷声开始隆隆地响。
The thu nder bega n to rumble.2. 车轱辘轱辘地驶过去。
The cart rumbled past.3. 他的肚子空空地发出咕噜咕噜的叫声。
His stomach rumbled emptily.IV. 文学作品中拟声词的译文欣赏1.1 seldom ope ned my door in a win ter eve ning without heari ng it. Hoo hoo hoo, hoorer hoo, soun ded sono rously, and the first three syllables acce nted somewhat like how der do; or sometimes hoo hoo only. (H.D. Thoreau, Walder)冬季傍晚，我一打开门常听到“唿----唿----唿，唿儿---- 唿”的鸟叫声，声音很悦耳，前三个音节听起来有点像英语的“你好哇！”有时候便只是鸟叫而已。
2. The seizure of the station with fit of trembling, gradually deepening to a complaint of the heart, announ ced the train. Fire and steam, and smoke, and red ligh t; a hiss, a crash, a bell, and a shriek; the little stati on a desert speck in the thu nderstorm. (C. Dicke ns, Hard Time9接着车站一阵震动，渐渐地震动得使人心惊肉跳，表示列车快到了。
火光和热气、煤烟和红灯扑面而来；一阵咝咝声传来，伴随着乒乒乓乓，铃声当当和汽笛鸣鸣；那个小小的车站就如同在沧海中的一个孤岛。
3■以下是莎士比亚的一首小诗“ Song: Hark, Hark!”，以及朱生豪的翻译。
SONGHark, Hark!Har, hark!Bow-wooThe watchi ng dogs bark!Bow-wowHark, Hark! I hearThe strai ns of strutti ng cha nticleerCry, Cock-a-doodle-doo!”歌听啊！听！听啊！听！汪！汪！犬在门前狂吠！汪！汪！听啊！听！我听见伸颈的雄鸡喔喔啼！ExerciseTell the ways that are used in translating the onomatopoeia in the following translations1. 风萧萧，雨潇潇，马萧萧。
The wind whistled, the rain pattered and the horse n eighed.2. 我躺着，听船底潺潺的水声……I lay down, listening to the water rippling beneath the boat...3. 高跟皮鞋声咯噔咯噔地由外而来……There came theclick of high-heeled shoes...4. 正中的门呀地开了一半。
The cen ter doorcreakshalf-ope n.5. 他敲了两下门，心还突突直跳。
He knocked twice at the gate, his heart thudding viole ntly.6. 哐啷，玻璃打碎了！There was acrush and tin gli ng of break ing glass.7. 这个时候，长城线上，烽火连天，一辆囚车，囚着革命英雄，向南急驰。
At a time whe n the war was rag ing along the Great Wall, a carriage, carrying this revolutionary hero, went rumbli ng swiftly southwards.8. 在咔嚓咔嚓的铡刀声中，听到了死难者英勇的呼声：“共产党万岁！”Eve n as the chaff cutterdid its grisly work the last shouts of the victims rang out, Long live the Communist Party!”Check:1.风萧萧，雨潇潇，马萧萧。
The wind whistled, the rain pattered and the horse neighed.（保持原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分-谓语） 2我躺着，听船底潺潺的水声……I lay down, listening to the water rippling beneath the boat...（保持原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分-定语）3. 高跟皮鞋声咯噔咯噔地由外而来……There came theclick of high-heeled shoes...（转换原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分：状语---主语）4. 正中的门呀地开了一半。
The cen ter doorcreakshalf-ope n.（转换原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分：状语---谓语）5. 他敲了两下门，心还突突直跳。
He knocked twice at the gate, his heart thudding viole ntly. （转换原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分：状语---非谓语动词）6. 哐啷，玻璃打碎了!There was acrush and tin gli ng of break ing glass.（转换原拟声词的词类属性及其在句子里的成分：独立成分---主语）7. 这个时候，长城线上，烽火连天，一辆囚车，囚着革命英雄，向南急驰。
At a time whe n the war was rag ing along the Great Wall, a carriage, carrying this revolutionary hero, went rumbli ng swiftly southwards.（汉语中没用拟声词，英译时用拟声词）8. 在咔嚓咔嚓的铡刀声中，听到了死难者英勇的呼声：“共产党万岁！”Eve n as the chaff cutterdid its grisly work the last shouts of the victims rang out, Long live the Communist Party!”（汉语中用拟声词，英译时不用拟声词）。
