Dictation (1)综合英语听写

英语专业四级Dictation听写50篇Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months.A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. T oday the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with bothhusband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them. Useful Words and Expressions:1. life-pattern生活方式2. shareA Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes basketsof flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.Useful Words and Expressions:1. window box:窗台上的花盆箱2.pastime 消遣，娱乐Swimming is my favorite pastime.British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they se on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but thepolicemen do not think much of them much of them.The first difference is tha t a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.Useful Words and Expressions:1. think much of 重视，尊重2. in court 在法庭上3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and eventheir health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other andeven kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars.Useful Words and Expressions:1. representative 代表2. General Assembly 联合国大会3. permanent 永久的，持久的4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hairwith shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them!Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there.Useful Words and Expressions:1. aisle 走廊，过道2. trolley 手推车3. checkout 收款台Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879, His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe man y of the religion’s rules. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—to be north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.Useful expressions and words:1. device 装置，设备leave to one’s own devices 听任某人自行其是，允许某人按自己的意愿做事She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她允许孩子在下午有一个小时的自由支配时间。

听写10篇Dictation1The Greenhouse Effect温室效应（146words）To get a better understanding of global warming,/it is important to understand the greenhouse effect./The greenhouse effect is the rise in the temperatures/caused by absorption of the Sun’s heat and light by the Earth’s surface/which then is reflected back and trapped within the Earth’s atmosphere./The greenhouses gases,help to keep the Earth warm,/and this is the reason why life on Earth has existed,and still thrives./However,with an increase in the gases like carbon dioxide,ozone,/and water vapor in the atmosphere,/as an outcome to growing environmental pollution;/industrial,domestic,and loss of vast stretches of grassland and rain forest,/Earth has gotten nearly14%hotter/than what it used to be50years ago,/with2005 being recorded as the hottest year ever./Besides humans and plants,global warming effect on animals is a cause of concern./Dictation2Christmas Candles圣诞蜡烛（146words）Frankly speaking,Christmas candles are no different/from any other decorative candle/that you might find in the shops all through the year./But the very fact that they are lit up during Christmastime gives them the look of a festival./Christmas candles are big in size and designed in several shapes./You will find the common round shapes/—Christmas candles tend to play up on the thickness so that they can burn longer,/all through the Christmas Eve if desired./ Traditional colors of Christmas candles are preferably red or golden,the colors of the season. /But you will find all colors on the shelves nowadays./However,if other colors are used,/they are often decorated with obvious Christmas designs/to make them part of the season./Red and golden candles are usually kept as they are,/because the colors themselves lend grace to the season./Dictation3Unions工会（147words）Nearly100years ago,America’s working people began to join together/to improve their wages and their working situations./They formed unions in discussions with owners of businesses and factories./This idea became known as collective bargaining./Unions were started at separate local factories./Slowly unions in several factories started to join together./As they gained size,the unions were able to gain strength and effectiveness./By the1950’s unions were successfully representing their members in most American industries./Unions began as organizations for factory workers./Later skilled workers such as electricians and plumbers organized into unions./Recently professional people have also begun to form unions./The unions not only represent the workers in discussions with business management./They also train workers for jobs,give members money if they lose their jobs,/and pay workers pensions when they retire./Unions have become established institutions of American industry./Dictation4Weather Language天气成语（142words）British people are famous for always talking about the weather,/but the weather also affects the way we speak and the phrases we use./As more winter weather batters the UK,/I will demonstrate how the British obsession with weather has influenced our language./The return of snowstorms to the UK proves/that when it comes to bad weather it never rains but it pours./The police have warned that unnecessary road travel is not recommended/but some motorists have thrown caution to the wind/and made their journeys anyway,/claiming that it’s all a storm in teacup./Those whose cars are stuck in the snow/may consider themselves to be twisting in the wind./There are problems too for local councils/who are running out of sand and grit for the roads, /having not saved enough supplies for a rainy day./Dictation5Green Living绿色生活（146words）We all know that humans are damaging the environment,/but what can we do about it?/ Some people are trying to do their bit/to try to be more environmentally friendly./Can we help the environment by being green?/Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living,/such as recycling paper, tin,plastic and glass./They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites,/ because they are running out of places to dump rubbish./In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep,but in other areas,/you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank./Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create/is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones./For example,some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries/instead of plastic carrier bags./Dictation6Teamwork团队协作（146words）Teamwork is acknowledged as the most important aspect of any enterprise./The concept of teamwork seems to be misunderstood by many people and businesses./Teamwork is built around a leader/as he or she is there to organize the team/and guide it in the most productive manner./ The importance of this leadership skill/is shown in the education devoted to teaching it./Good leadership depends on being able to use the personality/of the team in an efficient way./A leader is able to use each member of the team as they contribute to the project./This entails listening to their suggestions/and applying them if they prove useful./This cooperation between team members and leaders/has proved successful in ventures where they are applied./As we all know, Germany is excellent in how teamwork in companies can be used to further the success of business./Dictation7Tea茶（145words）Tea is one of the greatest cultural treasures of Chinese civilization./Tea was historically discovered by the legendary emperor,Shennong,/who believed that water was safe to drink only by first boiling it./One day he noticed some leaves had fallen into his boiling water./The ever curious monarch took a sip of the brew/and was pleasantly surprised by its flavor and itsrestorative properties./Tea remained in Chinese hands for centuries,/before foreign explorers brought this to an enthusiastic public in Europe and other places./Tea drinking then became a standard feature of the Chinese culture./Regions famous for Chinese tea in the south/have produced much of the world’s tea./China for centuries has been acting as the first nation of tea/ because of its outstanding products./Today,Chinese tea must compete against foreign teas/from many other places in the world./Dictation8Children’s Health孩子的健康（142words）Parents must remember that their children need to eat plenty of healthy foods./This does not include most snacks,/as they are high in salt and sugar./This is also true of such unhealthy food that comes from fast food./People that need to watch their health should go on a green diet./This means that there is much more vegetables/than meat or sugar products./They should mind these eating do’s and don’ts in order not to gain weight./It is much easier to not to gain weight than it is in trying to get rid of it./Sleeping and rest are also essential to having a healthy lifestyle./This allows your body to readjust/and gain energy for the next day./In addition to food and rest,/ proper sports must be injected/in order to strengthen the body and lose weight./Dictation9Present Flowers送花（154words）Perhaps the most popular way to present a gift is to present flowers/because flowers appeal to all our senses/and brighten up our lives and our hearts./Perhaps you can find it difficult to express your exact feelings and sentiments in words/but you can express your exact sentiments by presenting flowers./Flowers bring good cheer and convey the right message/in their own language—truest language of love./That’s why the popularity of flowers is./ Flowers are a classic gift for any occasion and they are always welcomed./There are many occasions when flowers are sent to loved ones./Wedding ceremony,birthday,Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day,Easter,Thanksgiving Day/are some such occasions when you send flowers to your friends and relatives./A red rose gifted by you to your beloved on the occasion of Valentine’s Day/fills the heart of your beloved with fragrance/and those sentiments which you can’t say in words./Dictation10Colleges and Universities in the United States美国的高校（152words）There are thousands of colleges and universities in the United States./Nearly half of the high school graduates in America go on to college./Most go to large state universities./Some of these universities have40,000or more students./There are also many small universities with only a few hundred students./Large universities have many buildings,each building for a particular subject./Students often must go from one class in one building/to the next class in another building across campus./They may have only a few minutes between classes to go from one building to another./When students begin the university,they must take classes in many subjects. /These are the required courses./English and math are usually required courses/and often a history and a science course are required too./Students will study mostly required courses during their first year./Later,they will specialize,and take courses in one subject./。

（完整word版）听力dictation一，（a women at home）In Japan, most people still feel that a woman's place is in the home; and most women willingly accept their traditional role as wives, leaving the business of making a living to their husbands. For those who do want a career of their own, opportunities are limited, and working women usually have to settle for lower wages, fewer promotions, and less responsible positions.In America, on the other hand, most women, including wives and mothers, work most of their lives. But until recently, few have had real careers. As in Japan most fields are dominated by men and opportunities for women have been restricted, salaries low, chances for advancement rare. American women work mainly because they have to; in these days of inflation and luxurious living, only one income per family is simply not enough to live on. So American women actually have two jobs: one nine-to-five position outside the home, and the other round-the-clock in-the-home job such as wife, housemaid, cook and nurse.（One of the main goals of the modern women's liberation movement, which started in the early 1960s, was to eliminate sex discrimination in the work force, and to open up opportunities for women that were previously reserved for men. And though there is still a long way to go, a lot of progress has been made.）二，（success）Success in life depends to a great extent on what we mean by success.To some people money is the only real indication (象征) of achievement in the modern world. Their evaluation of success is based on the state of their bank balance and the power that goes with it. Their life is devoted to making money and they are at aloss to understand people whose ideas are different from their own.There are people, however, who consider their lives successful if they are doing what they enjoy doing though it may not bring them ,any great financial (财政)reward. A man who spends his time gardening might consider himself successful if the flowers blossomed and his trees gave fruit. Nursing, teaching, running a Youth Club all bring their own kind of success to those interested in them.Success can be found in painting a picture nobody will ever see, sailing a boat, watching the stars, collecting stamps---almost anything that involve personal efforts. The great thing is to believe that success is not necessarily public.三，（the people way of seeing things）The way we see things is affected by what we know or what we believe. For those who believed in the physical existence of Hell in middle ages, the sight of fire must have meant something different from what it means today. Nevertheless their idea of hell owed a lot to the sight of fire consuming and theashes remaining as well as to their experience of the pain of burns.We only see what we look at. To look is an act of choice. As a result of this act, what we see is brought within our reach, though not necessarily within arm's reach. T o touch something is to situate oneself in relation to it. We never look at just one thing; we are always looking at the relation between things and ourselves. Our vision is continually active, continually moving, continually holding things in a circle around itself.（Soon after we can see, we are aware that we can also be seen. The eye of others combines with our own eye to make itfully clear that we are part of the visible world.）四EducationSome people may say that it is energy that makes the world to go round, / but in my opinion there is something else which is equally important. / That is education. / Education makes it possible to pass on / the invaluable knowledge of our ancestors and, at the same time, / makes it easier to explore the contemporary world. / Most great inventions have been brought about by educated people. / So we can say that education makes the world go round. /A poorly educated nation can never be a rich one. / The most advanced countries in the world all place great emphasis on education. / Nations which have a low percentage of educated people can, / in most cases, barely produce the basic necessities of life, / let alone develop their science, technology and economics. / Such nations are facing the possibility of extinction in this highly developed world. / Therefore, education cannot be emphasized enough in a developing country.Old AgeMany people mistakenly believe that old age is a time of increased illness and loneliness. / In fact, people do not suddenly change / when they reach the age of 60 or 65. / Consequently, we should not expect more mental illness / among the 60 to 70 age group than among the 50 to 60. / Furthermore, also more parents and their married children live in separate households than ever before, / this is usually by choice. / It is not because children now tend to neglect their parents / when they become old. /It is also wrong to believe that old age seriously affects a person’s mental abilities. / There is clear proof that people whowere eager to learn and who welcomed new experiences in their old age, / continue to do so in old age. / It is true that older people tend to take longer to learnsomething new than young people. / Nevertheless, if they are given sufficient time, / they learn as well as young people do.Being UnemployedMost people are much more frightened by being unemployed than they need to be. / Being unemployed certainly has disadvantages, / but there are good things about it too. / One advantage is that you don’t have to get up early to work in the rush hour. / You can stay in bed as long as you like, / and there is plenty of time to read the newspaper / and have a leisurely breakfast. / But the best thing of all is that you are your own boss / and there is no one to tell you what to do and when to do it. / One drawback of being unemployed i s that you haven’t got much money coming in—/ having a job at least enables you to save a lot of money to go on holiday. / On the other hand, when you are unemployed, / you needn’t go on holiday / because you are on holiday already. / In fact, the main trouble is that you have to spend much time looking for a job.The Credit Card in the U.S.Today, more and more people in the U.S. are using credit cards / instead of money to buy what they need. / Almost anyone who has a steady income and a continuous work record / can apply for a credit card. /With a credit card, you can buy a car, eat a dinner, take a trip, / and even get a haircut by charging the cost to your account. / In this way, you can pay for purchases a month or two later. / Or you may choose to spread out your payments over several months / and pay only part of the total amount each month. /With a credit card, you don’t have to carry much cash / and you don’t have to be concerned about losing your money through carelessness or theft. / The card user only has to worry about paying the final bill. / This of course can be a problem / if you charge more than you can pay for.World “no tabacco day”People in all part of the world are observing “no tobacco day”it is the day when the world organization ap peals to people to stop using tabacco products.The WTO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or chewing tabacco for one day,they will stop ///// the day induces special observances awards ceremonies in 166 countries ,health expertsBritan humorJokes that make one country laugh out loud are likely to leave another country.country confused and slient,but humor can also be very reavling if not always funny.after all.jokes are ofen just another way of expressing.in britain if you are successful or powerful,you will probally become the subject of a joke in a popular magazine .this magazine has been poking fun of the great and the good in britain life for the last 35 years.and its victims will admit to reaching it and laughing with it.one of the most eduring types of humor is satire.this is a art of making fun of people in positions power ,。

听写10篇Dictation1Town and Country Life in England英国城市和乡村生活(169 words)There is a big difference between town life and country life in England./In the country,everybody knows everybody else./They know what time you get up,/ what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner./If you want help,you will always get it/and you will be glad to help others./In a large town like London,however,/it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor/and you do not know his name or anything about him./People in London are often very lonely./This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends./If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday,/it is like a town without people./One is sor⁃ry for old people living on their own./They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months./Dictation2Plastic塑料(176words)We use plastic wrap to protect our foods./We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans./We sit on plastic chairs,play with plastic toys,/drink from plas⁃tic cups,and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!/ Plastic does not grow in nature.It is made by mixing certain things together./ We call it a produced or manufactured material./Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants,such as wood and cotton./That plastic was soft and burned easily./The first modern plastics were made in the1930s./Most clear plastic starts out as thick,black oil./That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas./ Over the years,hundreds of different plastics have been developed./Some are hard and strong.Some are soft and bendable.Some are clear.Some are many-col⁃ored./There is a plastic for almost every need.Scientists continue to experiment with plastics./They hope to find even more ways to use them!/Dictation3Higher Education高等教育(183words)Higher education is a very different experience to school or further education./ You are expected to do far more work for yourself./Lectures and seminars will provide guidance,/but you’ll need to widen your knowledge through background reading./Subject staff will offer lots of advice/to help you get used to this new1--way of working./Library staff will be able to help you find the materials you need, /and advise on referencing and avoiding plagiarism when it comes to writing es⁃says./Making new friends is a key part of the higher education experience./If you’re worried about fitting in,/remember that students from all backgrounds and of all ages go to university and college./One way to form friendships is through student societies or sports./It’s always easier to bond with someone if you share a com⁃mon interest./There will probably be a full list of societies available on your stu⁃dents’union website,/and you’ll have an opportunity to join up to most at the “freshers’fair”./Dictation4Dining Custom in the USA美国的就餐习惯(172words) Americans,like many people elsewhere in the world,/like to invite friends to their homes for an evening of food,drink and conversation./Formal dinners in fine homes and hotels in the US/are much the same as formal dinners anywhere in the world./But as most people in the US have no servants,/their dinner parties at home tend to be informal./Guests may sit down at a table,/or as many new small homes have no separate dining room or very small dining space./ Guests can also serve themselves and eat in the living room,/holding their plates or trays on their knees./A more enjoyable form of entertainment is the pic⁃nic./Americans are great picnickers and almost every family has a picnic basket./ Summer invitations are often for a picnic at a park or in the open countryside,/ and less hamburgers or hot dogs are cooked over a fire./Picnic food is usually cold./Dictation5Sleep睡觉(173words)Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired?/There is no one answer that applies to every individual./It is possible to feel“tired”physically and still be unable to fall asleep,/because while your body may be exhausted,you do not feel sleepy./It is not so easy to simply“turn off”./Lack of sleep complicates matters even more./Experts say adults need at least seven to eight hours of sleep a night to function properly./When you get less sleep than that on consecutive three nights,/you begin to accrue four“sleep debt”./As sleep debt increases your body experiences a stress response./Now a vicious cycle has been created:/You experience the feeling of being more and2--more tired,/but your body is increasingly stimulated./“Power sleeping”for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution./There is no substitute for getting a good night’s sleep on a regular basis./Dictation6Cartoonists卡通艺术家(159words)In a good cartoon,the artist can tell in a few lines/as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs./The cartoonist not only tells a story/but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking./He has great influence on public opinion./In a political campaign,he plays an important part./Controver⁃sial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations/may keep the car⁃toonist well-supplied with current materials./A clever cartoonist may cause laughter/because he often uses humor in his drawings./If he is sketching a famous person,/he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it./Cartoonists,for instance,like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already broad grin./This exaggeration of a person’s characteristics is called caricature./The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across./Dictation7A Guide’s Answer导游的答案(160words)In1861,the Civil War started in the United States/between the Northern and the Southern states./The war continued with great bitterness until1865,/when the Northerners were victorious./However,even today,many Southerners have not forgotten their defeat,/or forgiven the Northerners./A few years ago,a party of American tourists were going round one of the bat⁃tlefields of the Civil War/with a guide who came from one of the Southern states. /At each place,the guide told the tourists stirring stories/about how a few South⁃ern soldiers had conquered powerful forces of Northerners there./At last,one of the tourists,a lady who came from the North,/stopped the guide and said to him,/“But surely that the Northern army must have won at least one victory in the Civil War?”/“Not as long as I’m the guide here,madam,”/answered the Southern guide./Dictation8Great Depression in the U.S.美国经济大萧条(166words)In1929,the bills started to come in.American industry had produced too many goods./Americans could not afford to buy all of them./So factories had to cut down on their production./Many workers lost their jobs.Investors tried to get their money back./But businesses did not have enough money to pay them./ Banks tried to get their money back from investors./But the investors could not3--pay,either.Too many people owed money./And few of them could pay their bills. /During the next few years,business got worse and worse./By1932,banks all over the country were closing./People without money could not buy goods.So more businesses closed./More and more people lost their jobs./By1932,more than12million Americans were jobless./Millions more were earning barely enough to live on./The country was in a great depression they had never experienced before./Dictation9Making a Complaint投诉(170words) Complaining about faulty goods or bad services is never easy./But if some⁃thing you have brought is faulty/or does not do what was claimed for it,/you are not asking for a favor to get it put right./Complaints should be made to a responsible person./Go back to the shop where you bought the goods,/taking with you any receipt you may have./In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain direct./In a chain store,ask the manager./If you telephone,ask the name of the person who handles your enquiry,/otherwise you may never find out who dealt with the complaint later./If you do not want to do it in person,write a letter./Stick to the facts and keep a copy of what you write./At this stage you should give any receipt numbers,/but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article./Dictation10Balloons气球(153words)Balloons have been used for sport for about100years./There are two kinds of sport balloons,gas and hot-air./Hot-air balloons are safer than gas balloons,/ which may catch fire./Hot-air balloons are preferred by most balloonists in the United States/because of their safety./They are also cheaper and easier to man⁃age than gas balloons./Despite the ease of operating a balloon,/pilots must watch the weather carefully./Sport balloon flights are best early in the morning or late in the afternoon when the wind is late./Over the years,balloonists have tried unsuccessfully to cross the Atlantic./It wasn’t until1978that three American balloonists succeeded./It took them just6days to make the trip,/from their homes in the United State to Paris,France./Their voyage captured the imagina⁃tion of the whole world./4--。

听写，顾名思义，既听又写，它渗透在各种形式的语言活动中，是最常用到的基本功之一。

听写测试要求考生把听到的内容准确无误地以笔头的形式表达出来，虽无需考生自己遣词造句，但由于牵涉到语言（听力﹑单词拼写﹑篇章结构等）与非语言能力（如记忆力﹑速记等）也决非易事。

从90 年开始第一次TEM4测试，听写就作为一项测试项目，占有10 分, 比重为10%, 91 ,92年，93年上升到15 分, 比重为10%，从94年起（由于难度问题，本次取消了proof reading）, 听写尽管仍为15 分, 但比重上升为15%，其间制定的新的考试大纲，正式明确了这一点。

从教纲到考纲，听写都是一项不可或缺的部分，且所占比重上升，与写作相同。

在TEM4 中，考虑到基础阶段的特点及信度要求，采用的是录音式标准听写，根据考纲，长度为150字（word）左右，为一段或多段，答题纸上印有题目便于联想，所选题材广泛而不生僻，体裁多样，可以为叙述性、描写性、说明性，难度适中。

全文共分15个意群（chunk），每个意群可能是词组、分句或句子。

共念四遍，第一遍为正常速度朗读（wpm=120词），考生在此时要从整体理解全文内容，抓住中心大意，而不要着急写。

第二、三遍为慢读，根据意群停顿，分句或长句之间停10-15秒，考生此时要准确，逐字逐句迅速写下听到的内容。

第四遍又是正常语速（wpm=120词）, 便于考生校对，四遍全部听写结束后，留有2分钟作为复查时间。

考生利用此时可检查全文是否有单词遗漏，拼写是否有误，标点符号是否选择正确，直到录音中听到“That is the end of dictation”, 便可进行下一项听力内容了。

根据调查，听写中的几个明显错误是：1. 考生对这种标准听写形式陌生, 对听写材料进行改写甚至加工成作文；2. 第一遍听音时不知如何把握全文的大意(top-down approach), 而是着急写，丢了西瓜捡芝麻(bottom-up)，只见部分单词而缺少骨架结构；3. 同样，在第四遍结束后的两分钟复查时间里，不会很好地利用分析逻辑能力对有些明显的或介词搭配或词语进行校正，小错不断，或丢词，或写出的内容前后不通顺；4. 由于朗读中没有念出标点，而是靠学生自己听，判断选择，于是就出现全文没有标点符号，没有大小写，或所有的停顿处都是一种符号，或中文标点混用在英文短文里的情况。

Dictation (Unit One)With hope of finding more survivors/of Turkey’s devastating earthquake/now all but gone, / the Turkish authorities are turning their attention / to caring for those who have survived.A full-scale relief effort / in the area hit by the earthquake /is finally beginning after days of confusion. / Turkish and foreign volunteers / have been joined by soldiers and the police, / and heavy equipment /sent by nearby cities and by private companies / has been moved to almost every victimized town.The Minister of Housing estimated that / 60,000 buildings had been either destroyed/ or seriously damaged in the quake. / It is hoped that /within a few days, / many of the homeless / will be moved /out of the fields and tents /where they are now living. / Forty-two countries and 38 international organizations / have sent aid to Turkey. / The World Bank had sent $200 million/for housing construction.Dictation (Unit Two)I think / that a successful old age is easiest for those / who have strong impersonal interests / leading to suitable activities. / It is in these activities / that long experience is really fruitful, / and the wisdom born of experience /can be used /without becoming a burden. / It is no use telling grown-up children / not to make mistakes, / both because they will not believe you, / and because mistakes are an essential part of education. / But if you are one of those /who are incapable of /impersonal interests, / you may find that /your life will be empty / unless you concern yourself / with your children and grandchildren. / In that case/ you must realize /that while you can still help them / in material ways, / you must not expect /that they will enjoy your company.Dictation (Unit Three)Love means that I know the person I love. / I’m aware of the many sides of the other person / —not just the beautiful side / but also the limitations. / I have an awareness / of the other’s feelings and thoughts. / I can see the other person on a deeper level.Love means that I care about the welfare / of the person I love. / If I care about yr, / I am concerned about your growth, / and I hope you will become / all that you can become.Love means trusting the person I love. / If I love you, /I trust that you will accept my caring and my love / and that you won’t deliberately hurt me. / I trust/ that you will find me lovable / and that you won’t abandon me. / If we trust each other, / we are willing to be open to each other / and reveal our true selves.Dictation (Unit Four)The main reason for the widespread demand for English / is its present-day importance as a world language. / Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, /English is a language / in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, / and not always by native speakers. / It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, /especially former British colonies. / Many of these countries have multi-lingual populations /and need a language for internal communication / in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication / and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the west.Dictation (Unit Five)With the invention of the radio, /newspaper publishers wondered / how broadcasting would affect them. / Many feared / that the radio as a quick and easy means of keeping people informed /would displace the newspaper industry altogether.Others hoped /that the brief newscast heard on the air / would stimulate listener s’ interest in the story/ so they’d buy the paper to get more information. / This second idea turned out to be closer to the truth. / Radio and print actually supported each other. /However, this is not always the case. /Take television and motion pictures for example. / With the popularization of TV, /the motion picture suffered greatly. /Movie attendance dropped / when people chose to stay at home and be entertained.Dictation (Unit Six)My Berlin diary for December 2 / was limited to four words. / “Only three more days!”The Foreign Office was still holding up / my passport and exit visa, / which worried me. / I had to get my passport and official permission / to leave on December 5.There was one other thing to do. / For weeks I had thought over / how to get my diaries safely out of Berlin. / At some moments / I had thought / I ought to destroy them before leaving. / There was enough in them / to get me hanged.The morning I got my passport and exit visa / I realized I had less than twenty-four hours / to figure out a way / of getting my Berlin diaries out. / Ｉagain thought of destroying them, / but I wanted very much to keep them, if I could. /Suddenly, later that morning, / the solution became clear. It was risky, / but it was worth a try.Dictation (Unit Seven)Professors may establish social relationships with students / outside of the classroom, /but in the classroom they maintain the instructor’s role. / A professor may have coffee one day with students / but the next day expect them to meet a deadline / for the submission of a paper or to be prepared for a discussion or an exam. / The professor may give extra attention outside of class / to a student in need of help / but probably will not treat him or her differently / when it comes to evaluating schoolwork. / Professors have several roles in relation to students; / they may be counselors and friends as well as teachers./ Students must realize / that when a teacher’s role changes, / they must appropriately adapt their behavior and attitudes.Dictation (Unit Eight)It could be the title of a 21st-century movie: /“Death by Global Warming.” Instead, it is a real-life warning / from an American university ecologist / who believes /global warming may account for /millions of human deaths from disease. /Right now / the evidence of / significant global climate change /is minimal, / but there are already noticeable increases/ in human disease worldwide. / Most of the increase in disease /is due to numerous environmental factors, /including infectious disease, / pollution by chemicals / and biological wastes, / and shortage of food. /Global warming will only / make matters worse.Global climate change /will result in a loss of available food. /Although there may be some benefits / in crop production from warmer climates, /these beneficial effects / will not be so great./ Crop losses from plant disease and weeds / will increase in a warmer climate.Dictation (Unit Nine)Wealth achieved through dishonest means / does not bring happiness. / Lottery winnings do not bring happiness. / Wealth left by parents / does not bring happiness. / In fact, / money alone is almost worthless. / If you have both self-esteem and money, / you may be well on the way to happiness. / However, what is still missing in both self-esteem and money/ is productive work and a real contribution /towards the happiness of others. / The secret to happiness / lies in the contribution towards the happiness of others. / You can fool others / but you can never fool yourself. / If you have taken advantage of / or hurt others to earn your wealth, / you will not be happy. / You will not like yourself. / You will not feel you are capable.Dictation (Unit Ten)As the eldest son of my parents / who were themselves poor, / I had to, fortunately, / begin to do some work / while still very young / in order to earn a living, / and therefore came to understand / in early boyhood / that my duty was to assist my parents / and become, as soon as possible, / a breadwinner in the family.It was a terrible task for a lad of twelve / to rise every morning, except Sunday, / to go to the factory / while it was still dark, / and not to be released / until after darkness came again in the evening, / with only a forty-minute break at noon.But I was young and had my dreams, / and something within always told me /that this would not, could not, should not last / —I should some day get into a better position. / Also, I felt myself no longer a mere boy, / but quite a little man, / and this made me happy.Dictation (Unit Eleven)Take the control away from your offender. / Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person / who caused you pain. / Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, /learn to look for the love, / beauty and kindness around you.Try to see things /from the other person’s perspective. / If you empathize with that person, / you may realize /that he or she was acting / out of ignorance, fear —even love. / To gain perspective, / you may want to write a letter to yourself / from your offender’s point of view.Recognize benefits of forgiveness. / Research has shown /that people who forgive / report more energy, /better appetite and better sleep patterns.Don’t forget to forgive yourself. / For some people, /forgiving themselves / is the biggest challenge. / But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do so.Dictation (Unit Twelve)Moral Intelligence is the theory / put forth by Dr. Coles, / that children learn some of the most important lessons / by observing the behavior of those around them / in authority positions / (mainly parents and teachers). / His background in child psychology / is deep and he makes / full use of ideas /from other experts/ in the field. / His theory goes beyond the teaching of moral lessons / such as “you shouldn’t steal, or lie”/ and reaches a deeper level of analysis. / He theorizes/ that children pick up / and retain information about moral behavior /from witnessing the action of others. / He feels that this manner of learning / has a more lasting impact on children. / Moral intelligence is created by children, /but can be modeled by proper guidance.Dictation (Unit Thirteen)Karl Marx was the most important of all socialist thinkers / and the creator of a system of thought called Marxism, / and the political system called communism. /Marx developed his revolutionary theories /over a period of four decades beginning in 1843. / He formulated his theories / with the intention to liberate wage workers or laborers /from the capitalist societies of nineteenth-century Europe. / He maintained that in order to emancipate humanity / from economic domination, / a social revolution was needed. / He helped to organize the international socialist movement. / His ideas motivated radical activists / who joined his call to overthrow capitalism. / Marxism, reduced to the theory / that all events are caused by economic self-interest, / had a strong influence on many areas of though / from politics to history to literature.Dictation (Unit Fourteen)Good luck to the Bridge and Groom. / Many ancient practices /that were supposed to prevent bad luck / and bring blessings to the bridal pair/ have come down through the years. / In many Western countries / people shower the bridal pair with confetti / to express the hope that the couple will be blessed with children. / Tin cans or old shoes are sometimes tied to the automobile / that carries the bride and groom away. / This practice may have come out of the ancient belief / that loud noises frighten bad spirits away. / To assure good luck, / brides often heed the old saying and wear for the wedding / “something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue.” / The bride’s good fortune in getting a husband/ may be handed on to the unmarried girl / who catches the bride’s bouquet after the marriage. / According to an old belief / the groom carried his bride over the threshold of their new home / to protect her form being caught /by any mischievous sprits hiding nearby.。

专业英语四级（听写听力）-试卷174(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 DICTATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Black Friday Black Friday is the beginning of the Christmas shopping season in America. / It falls the day after Thanksgiving celebration / and has become a discount shopping day / when millions of US shoppers are tempted by massive savings. / There are two explanations for the day's name. / Some claim it was coined to illustrate the point / at which retailers start to make a profit, or go "into the black". / Others believe it was first coined by the Philadelphia police department / to describe the crowded pavements and traffic jams on the Friday after Thanksgiving. /)解析：3.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Buying a Used Car There are several ways to buy used cars. / Places that sell new cars usually have used cars for sale as well. / The car dealerships get these used cars from people / who trade them in for new cars. / These cars might cost more than other used cars, / but they are more likely to work well. / Some people buy a used car directly from the owner. / Car owners advertise these cars for sale over the Internet or in the newspaper. / It may cost less to buy a car from the owner, / but it can also be a bigger risk. /)解析：4.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process for people and businesses that are in debt. / In America, two kinds of bankruptcy are most common for individuals. / These are called chapter seven and chapter thirteen. /Chapter thirteen bankruptcy requires people to have a plan to repay their creditors. / They make payments for three to five years / until most of their debt is paid off. / In chapter seven bankruptcy, people must give up some of their property. / The property is then sold to pay their creditors. / But the people are able to keep the money they earn / after they bring their bankruptcy case. /)解析：5.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： English New Words New words enter the English language all the time. / In recent years more and more words and phrases have entered the language. / But where do all these words come from? / Words come out of the culture they represent and describe. / So if you've got a new development in medicine, for example, bird flu, / then you'll get the new word coming out of that. / If there's a military conflict, / that may well bring all sorts of new words to the fore. / So really words come from the playground, politics and any area of life / because every area of life is changing from day to day. /)解析：6.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Whales Suffering from Shipping Scientists are working to reduce the noise levels / experienced by whales from North Atlantic shipping. / The waters off New England are a home to many species of whale. / Many are now suffering from the noise / which disrupts their communication with each other. / This in turn is affecting their ability to find food and mates. / So a new route has been worked out to reduce the collisions between whales and ships / and increase the transit time of ships. / And a new application has been developed to give real-time information on the location of whales / so that ships can avoid the large gatherings of them. /)解析：。