辽宁省阜蒙县第二高级中学2017_2018学年高一英语下学期寒假验收考试试题

阜蒙县第二高中2017~2018学年度第二学期高一期中考试英语试卷时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分：阅读理解（共两节；第一节：共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）AOn the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown. Everything about the school seemed so difficult. When I got home, my parents said, “You're nervous and that's okay. Everyone is afraid of high school.” I denied it. I wanted to be strong, so I refused to let anyone know about my fear, even my closest friends.On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle(迷宫) that I couldn't figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be?I didn't think I could rise to this challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knock someone out with it! The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and they were probably right.Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out. With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.Since then, I've been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn't much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some outofclass activities because you'll find it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn't straight A's.Most important of all, be who you are, whether you're a “fool”， an athlete, or a lower grader. Don't try to pretend to be someone you're not. Now you know the true secrets of high school.1. The main reason for the author's fear on his first day is that ________.A．he was not familiar with the new surroundingsB．his schoolmates were unfriendly to himC．he was unable to work out the puzzleD．his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry2. From the author's first day experience we can infer that ________.A．he didn't know the right way to classB．he got to school before classes beganC．he was fond of the school immediately.D．his home was far from the school3. After his first week at school, the author ________.A．was still not accustomed to the scheduleB．gradually adjusted himself to the new schoolC．found high school not so challenging as he had imaginedD．ran for monitor of his class against three other students4. According to the passage, the secret of the author's success lies mainly in________.A．making more friends B．getting more A's at schoolC．being who he really is D．joining in out of class activitiesBEvery day we go to school and listen to teachers, and the teacher will ask us some questions. Sometimes, the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class. When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics, remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying. You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat with friends --- you are in a situation where a large group of people will remain silent, waiting to hear what you have to say. You must speak so that they can hear you loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself.Remember, too, that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you. The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease in ordinary conversation but the situation is somewhat different from that of an ordinary conversation. You must take special care that you can be heard.5. When you speak to the class, you should speak __________.A．as loudly as possible B．loudly C．in a lowvoice D．forcefully6. The situation in the class is _________ that in your house.A．not very different from B．not the same asC．the same as D．sometimes the same as7. The main idea of this passage is __________.A．that we should talk in different ways in different situationsB．that we must speak loudlyC．that we must keep silent at any time D．that we must talk with the classCLong bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clean Toothpaste.”Drink Good Wet Root Beer.”Fill up with Pacific Gas.”Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if you’ve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless （鲁莽的） or daring, the ride can be as thrilling （惊心动魄的） as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left hand lane? After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap,with your hands on the armrests even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at no more ways to sit.8. According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?A. Advertisements on the billboards.B. Films on television.C. Buses on the road.D. Gas stations.9. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To give the writer’s opinion about long bus trips.B. To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C. To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D. To describe the billboards along the road.10. The writer of this passage would probably favor .A. bus drivers who aren’t recklessB. driving aloneC. a television set on the busD. no billboards along the road11. The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because .A. the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are funB. they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in betweenC. the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on busesD. both traveling and watching TV are not exciting.12. The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are.A. comfortableB. excitingC. tiringD. boringDTokyo is one of those places that you can love and hate at the same time.In Tokyo there are always too many people in the places where I want to go. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast, but in Tokyo they often spend a long time in traffic jams. Tokyo is not different from London, Paris and New York in that, it is different when one wants to walk.At certain times of the day there are a lot of people on foot in London's Oxford Street. But the streets near the Ginze in Tokyo always have a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk. People are very polite; there are just too many of them. The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30 at night. That is when the night-clubs are closing and every-body wants to go home. There are 35,000 night-clubs in Tokyo, and you do not often see one that is empty(空的).During the day, most people travel to and from work by train. Tokyo people buy six million train tickets every day. At most stations, trains arrive every two or three minutes, but at certain hours there do not seem to be enough trains. Although they are usually crowded, Japanese trains are very good. They always leave and arrive on time.In Tokyo, I stood outside the station for five minutes. Three fire-engines raced past on the way to one of the many fires that Tokyo has every day. Tokyo has so many surprises that none of them can really surprise me now.13. Tokyo is different from London in that ______.A. it has a larger populationB. there are more traffic jamsC. night clubs are sometimes emptyD. it is more difficult to go somewhere on foot14. Fires break out___________ in Tokyo according to the writer.A. not very oftenB. only several times a dayC. quite oftenD. very seldom15. Japanese trains ______A. often leave and arrive on timeB. are often crowdedC. are the main means people use to travel to and from workD. all of the above第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Everyone wants to achieve happiness and smile．16 How can you find real happiness and smile? By getting rich? In case you are scratching your head，looking for some reasons or ideas to be happy, here are a few．Throw an impromptu(即兴的) party. 17 An impromptu one increases the joy to a new level. And of course making other people happy is bound to have the same effect on you.Treat yourself. Sometimes all it takes to make one happy is a little ind ulgence(放纵). So, go ahead and grab a cup of coffee and sit inside a blanket with a good book! You will be surprised at how happy it makes you．18 Happiness can be transformed! When we feel happy and excited, it can lift the spirits of others. Your simple gesture can transform a person’s day and get him or her prepared to take on any challenge.Have a conversation with a parent. If you are like most kids, you possibly spend more time texting or surfing the Internet than talking to your family. 19 You will be surprised at the feeling of joy that it brings to you.Finally, don’t forget to be happy every day! While International Day of Happiness may come about only once a year, happiness is around you all day and night. 20A. You just have to seek it out and grab it．B. But life is hard，so it is very difficult to find real happiness and smile．C. Most of your family members show no interest in texting or the Internet．D. Set aside your mobile phone for a few minutes and have a chat with a family member.E. Be friendly to others and smile at a stranger．F. Nothing makes people happier than being invited to a party.G. You should try to celebrate the Day of Happiness every day and everywhere．第二部分英语知识运用第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It’s Friday, and we don’t have any _21__. Can I, please?” Mum was sitting at the kitchen table. Dad was _22__next to her, resting his head on his arms. Mum could _23__that James wanted so badly to have his friend over.“I’m so sorry, James,” she said.“I’m never allowed to have friends come to the house? Why, Mum?” James asked sadly, almost in _24__.“I know it’s _25__ for you,”Mum said softly. “But I’m just worried other people might think we’re a little… strange. And then they would make fun of you.”“No, they wouldn’t, Mum,” James protested. “We’re not _26__ at all. We’re just ordinary people.”Mum sighed heavily. “To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy _27__. And your poor father –he doesn’t feel _28__. He really needs a rest.”“I can help, Mum!” James said. “__29_ I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please?”“Well…”Mum began.“Great! Thanks Mum!” James almost shouted. “Just sit there, don’t move.” He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and _30__ what he needed –two spanners(螺丝扳手). “Hang on, Mum,”he said. “This won’t take a second.” After some __31_, James was finished. With a smile of _32__ on his face he said, “There! How does that feel?”“Oh, James,”Mum said. “That’s a much better! How did you do it?”“Easy,”James said _33__.”Dad had tightened your neck bolts (螺栓) too much! I just_34__ them slightly! I learned that in robotic science at school.”“What about you father? Can you _35__ him?” asked Mum.“I’ll try,” James 36 . He lifted up Dad’s hair at the back of his neck. and plugged （插）the electric wire into Dad’s head. Then he turned the _37__on. Dad opened his eyes and __38_ immediately. “He just let his battery（电池）run too low, that’s all,” James said, “Shall I tell Brett to come 39 straight after school tomorrow?”“I guess so,” replied Mum. “Your friends will just have to _40__ that we are a very unusual family. Thanks, son!”21. A．homework B．message C．chance D．difficulty22. A．asleep B．reading C．alone D．standing23 . A．explain B．see C．agree D．doubt24 . A．terror B．tears C．surprise D．silence25 . A．fair B．easy C．hard D．good26 . A．normal B．strang C．popular D．anxious27 . A．loss B．headache C．task D．day28 . A．ill B．funny C．sorry D．well29 . A．As B．If C．Since D．Before30 . A．kept B．controlled C．found D．returned31 . A．requests B．repairs C．thoughts D．instructions32 . A．sympathy B．satisfaction C．bitterness D．politeness33 . A．embarrassedly B．proudly C．impatiently D．gratefully34 . A．covered B．collected C．produced D．adjusted35 . A．greet B．accompany C．help D．ask36 . A．told B．say C．replied D．amazed37 . A．television B．power C．light D．gas38 . A．sat up B．lay down C．broke down D．grew up39 . A．down B．in C．away D．over40. A．accept B．expect C．suspect D．prove第二节：语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

2017----2018学年度寒假作业英语验收试题考试时间:100分钟总分:150分出题人:徐敏I第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AJourney to meet Santa (圣诞老人）The panda, Po, from the movie Kung Fu Panda, will take families on a Journey to the North Pole (北极) to meet Santa. Po and his friends are part of a holiday attraction at Westchester's Rjdge Hill, which brings joy to families.The journey takes place inside a fantastic house whose walls are covered with LCD screens. As soon as you enter, Santa's helpers give you a personalized passport. Then a tour guide leads you to the first room, where a sign reading “Mr. Ping's Cookies" hangs above the fireplace.Po appears on a large screen and explains that he needs your help to send some fresh cookies to Santa at the North Pole. How will you get there？By a rocket-powered cart （马车)，Of course. But first，you have to learn how to drive one. In the Design Lab, a set of doors opens and a rocket-Powered cart shows up on the screen. Jump on the cart for a cinematic experience that takes you on a ride through the night sky and down a snowy mountain. The cart shakes heavily as it rushes down the mountain. A machine blows cool air at you so that you can feel the “snow” in your face. I promise this 4D ride will give you an unforgettable experience!Tips:● Journey to meet Santa is best for younger kids although guests of all ages can appreciate this wonderful experience.●Your journey ends in the gift shop. You're not allowed to take your own pictures. But your performance during the Journey will be recorded, so you can buy the. photos and video of your Santa visit.●A bus ride or taxi can get you here if you don't have a car.●.Journey to meet Santa takes place daily (not including Thanksgiving Day）through Thursday, December 28.1.Where does the journey to meet Santa actually happen？A. Outdoors B In a cart C. At the North Pole D. Indoors.2. What should you do first to send cookies to Santa？A. Buy a personalized passportB. Receive training of driving a cartC. Read "Mr. Ping’s Cooki es". DirectionsD. Find Santa's helpers3. What can you get after the journey?A. Thanksgiving Day cardsB. Photos of your visiting Santa.C. Cookies made by yourselves.D. A model cart.BLost iPhoneUnexpectedly,I lost my white iPhone 5s in Midtown on Friday night. It had a blue green cover on it. There are many pictures of my son on it, and I' m heart-broken. Please return, no questions asked. Reward. Reply to:--2652255359@craigslist. orgDo you need a babysitter that you can trust?My name is Tina. I am a responsible babysitter that you can trust. If you are looking for someone dependable and affordable I am that person! I HA VE MORE THAN 30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE （including disabled children)! I am a retired Home Health Aid and absolutely love children. I work with my sister Iris who has also 20 + years as a teacher’s assistant. WE L OOK FORWARD TO MEETING YOU! Available 24 hours and flexible with fees! I am fully bilingual-Spanish/ English. Please email me or call 712-867-7688.I BABYSIT ONLY AT MY HOME.I accept children from all ages. Fee starts from ﹩100 -＄150 a week depending on the hours.I am very flexible and my fee can change. Feel free to contact me via email or on my cell phone 566 - 67- 1873 and we can work something out.Part-time Chinese Babysitter WantedPart-time Chinese speaking babysitter needed to assist with one-year-old twins and to perform some light house work as needed. Assistance needed Fridays and occasional weekends. Please provide your salary expectation, College students are welcome to apply. Reply to comrn-encbq-2652113885@ craigslist. org4. Who posted the lost and found information？A. A kind womanB. A heartbroken girl.C. A parent .D. A mother.5. If you want to send your kids to the babysitter’s home, you can find onein___________A. Ad 1B. Ad 2C. Ad 3D. Ad 46. What do we know about Tina？A. She used to be a teacher’s assistant.B. She can speak two languages.C. She lives alone now.D. She takes care of children over 3.7. An applicant accepted by Ad 4 will have to_________A. look after two childrenB. be able to speak two languagesC. be a college graduateD. work every weekendCWe’ve all heard the phrase “less is more" yet many of us are still likely to over-explain, send long emails, and hold hour-long meetings that only have 20 minutes of real content( 内容）Joseph McCormack, author of BRIEF: Making a Bigger Impact by saying less, says getting to the point right away is very important to attract people’s attention. In a sales presentation, you can talk yourself out of a deal by over-explaining rather than listening to the guests across the table. Even in writing, there are bad results of not being brief. McCormack's own research showed 43%of people who received long emails ignored (忽视) them. “when the point isn’t made clear you feel you can't deal with this right now so you put it aside, “he explains.Despite the many disadvantages of being long-winded, many of us struggle (挣扎着做) to be brief. One reason，explains McCornack, is that we believe by over-explaining, we can prove how smart we are. From an early age, we’ re taught to judge our success on word counts and page lengths. Students are asked to write 20-page paper and a two-page paper. If you can present your point well in two pages, then I’ll read the 20-page paper to see how you got there,” he says.Another reason we struggle to be brief when we are talking is that we may be underprepared. "When you're being brief, you have to make a lot of decisions about what's important and what's not important for that person in that moment in time," says McCormack.Cutting out all the irrelevant (不相干的) information can take time (time that many of us don't give when we're speaking with others). It's these challenges of being brief that McCormack says make brevity an important skill that helps people to stand out as being professional.8. What can be learned from Paragraph 2？A. Nearly half of emails we receive are put asideB. Listening to others is importantC. Too much talking is likely to be ignoredD. Not being active can stop us from succeeding9. Why do we often choose to write long papers？A. Only long papers can make our point clearB. We believe the more, the betterC. We are asked to do so by teachersD. Teachers are fond of reading long papers10.Why do we struggle to be brief according to Paragraph 4？A. It's impossible to tell what's important in a short timeB. We just prepare something importantC. It's hard to make decisions sometimes.D. We don't organize our ideas well before talking11. What is most likely to be talked about in the paragraph following the text？A. The importance of being professional.B. The tips for being brief.C. The challenges of being brief.D. The skills we should develop in lifeDSleep has been a hot topic over the past few years, and with good reason; According to the National Institute of Health, more than one third of adults don't get 7 to 8 hours of sleep per night, and evidence shows that even children. and teenagers sleep less than needed.Most people already know that not getting enough sleep has all types of horrible disadvantages like red eyes，memory loss, and , overall tiredness，but what if sleep deprivation（缺乏）is also the reason you reach for a slice of pizza instead of a fruit salad？While it's been thought before that the body wants unhealthy snacks for a quick burst of energy to stay awake and alert when your body is tired, new research presented at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society’s meeting in San- Francisco shows that sleep deprivation actually increases the brain's sensitivity(敏感性) to food smells.A study done by Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago explains that people who slept only four hours showed greater brain activity in response to food smells, like potato chips and doughnuts, compared to when they'd slept a full eight hours."When tired，people showed greater brain activity in two areas involved in smell - the piriform cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex _ they react more to food smells than they do when well rested. But people didn't respond to nonfood smells," study co-author Surabhi Bhutani said.While this line of research is still ongoing, it's pretty clear that sleep deprivation leads to extra calorie consumption (消耗) and weight gain. So when you re running on a. few hours of sleep （it's not enough)，recognize the tricks your brain- is playing on you and make the right decision to eat the healthier food.12. What is the function of Para. l and Para. 2？A. To offer some details.B. To describe the situation.C. To introduce the topic.D .To explain the problem.13. Which of the following is a finding of the new research？A. We are more sensitive to food smells when poorly rested.B. Unhealthy snacks can help people stay awake.C. All foods smell better if we lack enough sleep.D. Unhealthy snacks lead to a quick burst of energy.14. We can learn from the text that when we’ re sleepy we should________A. avoid eating anythingB. get rid of our sensitivityC. do something to make us wakefulD. refuse to eat unhealthy food15. What is the main idea of the text？A. A lack of sleep brings many disadvantages.B. Sleep deprivation can lead to poor food choices.C. Certain foods can affect people's sleep.D. Sleeping well can prevent weight gain.II 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根捂短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能境入空白处的最佳选项。

阜蒙县第二高中2017--2018学年度上学期高一期末考试英语试卷时间：100分钟总分：150分命题人:常滨第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AA teenager needs to have a sense of independence in their life to feel secure（安全的）. To some teenagers independence means a lot to them, and I think that some parents don’t allow their teenagers enough independence.Independence has something to do with freedom. Some kids are not allowed to go anywhere alone, and the only thing their schedule includes is going to school, coming home, going to sleep, and repeating the process the next day. Parents tend to be afraid that their kids can get hurted if they go outside into the world. But if parents control their kids too much, they may never learn to live on their own. The best way for a teenager to learn lesson is through experience. I think it is beneficial for teenagers to have freedom.Teenagers’ lack of freedom can also stop them from having good friendship at school. Some might say that this is a good thing, because it helps them focus more on their school work. I argue that this can only discourage them not to do their school work. Some parents do not allow their children to be around their friends outside the school, thinking that this will get them into trouble. But I don’t think so. Instead, isn’t this a good reason for parents to get their children a cellphone? Cellphones allow teenagers to stay in touch with their parents, and communicate better with their friends.Privacy is another issue between parents and their teenagers. Teenagers tend to enjoy relaxation by themselves in their own room. This also gives them a sense of independence. It often annoys teenagers when their parents enter their room when they are not home. I know that my mom always g oes in my room when I’m not home, and this has brought me to the point where I have asked many times to get a lock on my door.1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A. Kids know how to live independently.B. Some parents allow their kids no freedom.C. It benefits teenagers to have freedom.D. Kids have a dull routine every day2. In the opinion of the author, ___________.A. parents should make it easy for kids to communicate with their friendsB. good friendships between kids harm their school workC. it is unnecessary for a kid to have a cellphoneD. kids should focus on the school work3. How do teenagers usually feel when their parents enter their rooms in their absence?A. DisappointedB. LuckyC. AngryD. Calm4. The author hopes to have her door locked in order to ______________.A. keep her father from reading her dairyB. prevent her mother entering her roomC. Protect herself from any harmD. Stop thieves from going inBStudying English for an hour once a week isn’t usually enough to make any real progress. The best way to quickly improve your English is to spend at least a few minutes practicing every day. Get yourself concentrated(集中) as much as possible every time you study, and challenge yourself to listen to , read ,and even say things in English that you think might be too difficult for you.The right attitude can make the difference between failure and success. Stop thinking of yourself as someone who is learning English, and start thinking of yourself as someone who speaks English. It’s a small change, but it will make you feel more confident and help you to use the English you already know more effectively.This also means you need to start thinking in English. If you want to say the word “apple” in English, for example, right now you probably think of the word in your native language first, and then try to think of the correct word in English. Instead, try imaging a picture of an apple, and then just think the English word “apple”. Real fluency happens when you stop mentally translating conversations.When most students listen to a native English-speaker, they focus on understanding what all the words mean. This is definitely important, but there is a lot more you can learn from listening. Try listening not just to what the words mean, but to how the person says them. Notice which words the person links together in a sentence, or when they say “ya” instead of “you”. Try to remember these details the next time you speak and your English will begin to sound more natural.5. What can we do if we want to make progress in English learning ?A. We need to practice English every day.B. We should study English for an hour once a week.C. We must be concentrated as much as possible all the time.D. We should challenge ourselves to speak at a higher level.6. What can we infer from the text?A. With more words we can speak English fluentlyB. We have to read enough before speakingC. Confidence comes from the right attitude.D. Imagination is very important in speaking English.7. What does it take to speak English like a native speaker?A. Sharp observation .B. Rich imaginationC. Translating abilityD. Careful reading8. What can be the best title of the text?A. Making Your English Sound NaturalB. Tips on Learning English WellC. Challenging Difficulties in Learning EnglishD. Be Attentive when Learning EnglishCA well-dressed man entered a famous jewelry shop. He explained that he wished to buy a pearl（珍珠）for his wife’s birthday. The price didn’t matter, since business had been very good for him that year. After examining a nice black one that cost $5, 000, he paid for the pearl in cash, shook hands with the jeweler and left.A few days later the man returned and said that his wife liked the pearl so much that she wanted another one just like this. It had to be exactly the same size and quality, as she wanted a pair of earrings made. "Can you give me any advice on how to get such a pearl?" said the m an. The jeweler regretfully replied "I would say it’s absolutely impossible to find one exactly like that pearl".The rich man insisted that the jeweler advertise in the newspapers, offering $25,000 for the matching pearl. Many people answered the advertisement（广告）but nobody had a pearl that was just right.Just when the jeweler had given up hope, a little old lady came into his store. To his great surprise, she pulled the perfect pearl from her purse." "I don’t like to part with it”, she said sadly. “I got it from my mother, and my mother got it from hers. But I really need the money”.The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind. Then he called the rich man’s hotel to tell him the good news. The man however was nowhere to be found.9. Who did the man pretend to buy a pearl for?A. His wife.B. His mother-in -law.C. His own mother.D. No one.10. Why did he pay $5,000 for the black pearl without bargaining?A. Because he was very rich.B. Because he wanted to make the jeweler believe him.C. Because his wife was anxious to get it.D. Because his business had been successful.11. Why did many people answer the advertisement?A. Because they wanted to see the perfect pearl.B. Because they wanted to buy some beautiful pearl too.C. Because they wanted to get in touch with the rich man.D. Because they wanted to sell their own pearl at a high price.12. The jeweler couldn’t find the man anywhere because __________.A. he died suddenlyB. he happened to be outC. he got $20,000 by cheating and had run away with the moneyD. he wouldn’t show up until the jeweler called him a second time RamadanDHere at the Fort Collins Club, we love families! We offer a number of different kinds of activities to keep your kids active and also allow time to yourself. This webpage shows the details(细节).Kids’ ClubKids have a place of their own--- Kids’ Club! A place for kids from 6 weeks to 12 years to have fun while you are working out. Our Kids’ Clu b childcare facility(设施) allows you to drop the kids off, do physical exercise or visit our spa.Please feel free to stop in during our regular hours to meet our friendly staff and to get familiar with the Kids’ Club!Club HouseCheck the Club House to see what games and youth activities are offered throughout the week. Our outdoor pool, open in summer, brings smiles and endless kid fun while you relax poolside. Children between the ages of 7---11 can be in the Club House unsupervised(无需看管的) . However, parents need to sign them in and out.Kids’ Club HoursMonday and Wednesday 8:00 am---8:00 pmTuesday, Thursday, Friday 8:30 am---8:00 pmSaturday 8:00 am---2:00 pmSunday 9:00 am---4:00 pmMore information about Fort Collins Club can be found on our website:www. .13. While children do activities in Kids’ Club, their parents ____________.A. must play with themB. can take exerciseC. must leave the clubD. should stand by and watch14. Kids’ Club opens ____________.A. at 6:00 am on MondayB. at 7:00 am on MondayC. at 8:00 am on SundayD. at 9:00 am on Sunday15. Where does this text probably come from?A. A science textbookB. A tourist mapC. A fitness websiteD. A news report第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

阜蒙县第二高中2017-2018学年度寒假作业验收考试高一数学试卷时间：120分钟 总分：150一、选择题（本大题共12个小题，每题5分，共60分）1．已知集合，集合{}2<=x x B ，则A B = （ ）A ．()2,1-B ．()1,1-C ． ()2,1D ． ()2,02．两条直线023=++n y x 与0132=+-y x 的位置关系是（ ）A ．与n 的值有关B ．相交但不垂直C ．垂直D ．平行3.已知平面α内有无数条直线都与平面β平行,则正确的是（ ）A ．βα//B ．α与β重合C ．βα//或α与β相交D ．α与β相交4. 设9.04=a ，48.08=b ，5.121-⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=c ，则正确的是 （ ）A ．c b a >>B ．b c a >>C ．b a c >>D ．c a b >>5．已知几何体的三视图如图所示，它的体积是 （ ）A ．1B ．2C ．32D ．316．设函数()()()x f x g x x f =++=2,32， 则()x g 的表达式是 （ ）A ．72+xB ．12+xC ．32-xD ．12-x7．高为5，底面边长为34的正三棱柱形容器内(下面有底)可放置的最大球的半径是（ ）A ．23B ．2C ．223D ．28. 已知函数()2xx e e x f --=，则下列正确的是 （ ） A ．()x f 是偶函数，在R 上为增函数B ．()x f 是偶函数，在R 上为减函数C ．()x f 是奇函数，在R 上为增函数D ．()x f 是奇函数，在R 上为减函数9. 已知点)0,1,0(),5,0,1(),1,3,3(C B A ，AB 的中点为M ，则CM = ( )A ．253B ．253 C ．453 D ．213 10．若方程01452222=-+++++a a ay ax y x 表示圆，则a 的取值范围是 （ ） A ．02<<-a B ．322<<-a C ．1<a D ．a <111．已知10<<a ，则函数|||log |x a y a x =-的零点的个数为（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．412．曲线24x y -=与直线k x y +=有公共点，则实数k 的取值范围是 （ ）A ．()2,2-B ．C ．D ． 二、填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）13．函数()()2log 22--=x x x f 的单调减区间是14．若310,210==y x ，则24310y x -=15.已知直线03:=-+y x l ,求点()1,1-A 关于直线l 的对称点B 的坐标16. 设()()()()⎩⎨⎧≥-<<=11210x x x xx f 若()()1+=a f a f ，则=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛a f 1 三、解答题（本大题共6个小题，共70分.解答时应写出文字说明,证明过程活演算过程） 17.(本小题满分10分). 已知集合{}9127≤-≤-=x x A ，{}322-<<-=m x m x B ，且A B A =⋃，求实数m 的取值范围。

辽宁省阜新二高2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）ASummer Holiday Fun 2010 !The summer holidays are upon us again Here is our guide to summer holiday fun in Peterborough!Peterborough MuseumThe Age of the Dinosaurs’is the museum’s main attraction this summer．Get up close to prehistoric creatures via some great hands—on exhibits! Watch out for monsters lurking around every ember! The museum is open from 10：00am to 5：00pm Monday to Saturday，and from 12：00pm to 4：00 pm on Sundays in August．Call 01733 864663 for detailsSaxon Youth ClubSchool holiday fun：Young people aged 13—19 will be able to produce their own music, compete in spots activities，or try their hand at cooking at Saxon Youth Club，Saxon Community Centre, Norman Road．Peterborough every Monday and Wednesday from 3：00pm．PLUS an aero ball tournament will take place on Thursday 12th August between 3:30pm and 6:30pm．Call 01 353 720274 for detailsHoughton MillAlice through the Looking Class—a new production of the family favorite on Monday 30th．August．Bring rugs or chairs to sit on and a picnic if you wish to eat during the play．Gates open 5：30pro，performance 6：30pm—8：30pm．Tea room will be open until end of the interval．Adult ￡10．Child￡7．Family ￡20．Booking advisable on 0845 4505157．Farmland Museum and Denny AbbeyFarmland Gaines：From Wellie Wanging to Pretend Ploughing matches，come and join the Farmland Team．Collect your sporting stickers and create a colorful rosette that is fit for a winner！No need to book，just turn up between 12：00pm and 4：00pm on Thursday 19th August Suitable for children aged four and above，each child should be accompanied by an adult and all activities are included in the normal admission price Tickets Cost￡7 per child．For further information，call 01223 810080．1．If you are interested in cooking, you can go to .A．Peterborough Museum B．Houghton MillC．Saxon Youth Club D．Farmland Museum2．You want to watch the new play with your parents，so it will costyou ．A．￡7 B．￡17C．￡27 D．￡203．If Tom comes to Peterborough for amusement on August 19，he will have activities to choose from for himself．A．one activity B．two activitiesC．three activities D．four activitiesBGrowing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cooking with his stay-at-home dad when he was seven. His food-loving family had two kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way to bake his cakes. Lieberman improved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abroad before college, learning from a cook in Italy and studying local specialties(特色菜) in Germany, Spain, and France.At Yale, he was known for throwing dinner parties, single-handedly frying and baking while mixing drinks for dozens of friends. Just for fun, he and some friends decided to tape a show named campus cuisine(菜肴) about his cooking. Lieberman was a real college student showing his classmates how to do things like making drinksout of dining-hall fruit. That helped the show become very popular among the students. They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking. Tapes of the show were passed around, with which his name went beyond the school and finally to the Food Network.Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key. “Food TV isn’t about food anymore,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”But Lieberman isn’t putting all his eggs in one basket. After taping the first season of the new show, Lieberman was back in his own small kitchen preparing sandwiches. An airline company was looking for someone to come up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy- to-make menu to serve on its flights. Lieberman got the job.4. We can learn from the text that Lieberman’s family_______.A. have relatives in EuropeB. love cooking at homeC. often hold partiesD. own a restaurant5. The Food Network got to know Lieberman_________A. at one of his paritiesB. from his teachersC. through his taped showD. on a television program6. What does the word “charisma” underlined i n the text refer to?A. A natural ability to attract others.B. A way to show one’s achievement.C. Lieberman’s after-class interest.D. Lieberman’s fine cooking skill.7. What can we learn about Lieberman from the text?A. He is clever but lonely.B. He is friendly and active.C. He enjoys traveling around.D. He often changes his menus.CMonkeys are very similar to us in many ways. Most have ten fingers and ten toes, and brains much like ours. In fact, Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution says that monkey and humans share a common ancestor（祖先）. We enjoy watching thembecause they often act like us, and we also love to use many expressions about monkeys in almost every language. This is why many monkey expressions are about tricky people or playful acts.Monkeyshine is one of the expressions to show tricks or foolish acts. The meaning is clear if you have ever watched a group of monkeys playfully chasing each other: pulling tails, stealing food, doing tricks.Monkeying around with something means that you do not know what you are doing. When you feel like doing something but have no firm idea of what to do, you are monkeying around. It is just a way to pass the time.Monkey business usually means secret, maybe illegal activities. You may come across a new report that there is monkey business involved in building the new airport, with some officials getting secret payments from builders.Monkey suits are common names for clothes or uniforms soldiers wear. In earlier years in many American cities, you would find men playing musical band organs（风琴）on the street. Dancing to the music would be the man’s small monkey that was dressed in a tight-fitting, colorful jacket similar to a military uniform. So, people began to call a military（军队的）uniform a monkey suit.8. Which of the following is NOT true about the similarities between human and monkey?A. Most monkeys have ten fingers and toes.B. Monkeys have the same brains as humans.C. Monkeys often act like humans in many ways.D. Monkeys ar e humans’ closest relatives in species.9. According to the passage, an idle(懒散的) wander on the street can be described as______.A. monkeyshineB. monkeying aroundC. a monkey suitD. monkey business10. Monkey suits are commonly used to call military uniforms because they______.A. are created particularly for soldiers’ uniforms.B. are originally designed for American soldiers.C. share typical（典型的）features with military uniforms.D. make American soldiers look like monkeys.11. Most monkey expressions are ______.A. used only in western cultures.B. used on some formal occasions.C. about tricks and naughtiness.D. about terrible funny behaviors.DDo you like to eat out? Do you like to eat quickly? Do you like inexpensive food?Some people go to fast-food restaurants for these reasons. In the past, people usually went to diners（路边餐馆）for these reasons. In fact, many people in the States still go to diners today for the same reasons.A man named Walter Scott had the first “diner” in 1872. It wasn’t a real diner. It was only a food cart. People on the street walked up to the cart to buy food. These carts served late-night workers who wanted a cup of coffee and a late-night meal. The meal was a sandwich or boiled eggs.In 1887, Samuel Jones built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come inside. However, they did not sit down. Later, people built diners with counters and stools（凳子）, and people sat down while they ate.Before long, many diners stayed open around the clock. In other words, people were able to eat in diner at any time. Diners changed in other ways, too. The original （最初的）menu of sandwiches and coffee became bigger. It included soup, favorite dishes, and a breakfast menu. In addition, diners soon became permanent buildings. They were no longer carts on wheels.Diners today look similar to the diners of the early 1900s. They are usually buildings with large windows. Inside, the diners have shining counters with stools, booths, and tables and chairs. People can eat all three meals in a modern diner.Today, many people eat in fast-food restaurants such as McDonald’s and Burger King. However, the diner remains an American tradition, and thousands of people still enjoy eating there. It was popular a century ago, and it is still popular today.12.What meals did the first diners serve?A. Only breakfastB. Only lunchC. Only night-mealsD. All of the above13.According to paragraph 5, diners changed in __________A. Two waysB. three waysC. four waysD. five ways14.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Diners existed before a fast-food restaurantB. The menu included more food than sandwiches and coffee.C. Burger King is a fast-food restaurantD. Sandwiches became smaller15.The main idea of the passage is that ______________.A. the diner is a traditional and popular place to eat in the United States.B. Samuel Johns built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come inside.C. American diners serve many types of food 24 hours a day to their customers.D. Diners are different from fast-food restaurants in many ways.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）What makes one person more intelligent than another？What makes one person a genius，like the brilliant Albert Einstein，and another person a fool？Are people born intelligent or stupid，or is intelligence the result of where and how you live？__16__We know，however，that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways，the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle.__ 17__Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about.__ 18__If，on the other hand，children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do，they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.__19__ According to some psychologists，if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot，then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children，such as “That was a very clever thing you did.”or“__20__”A．It needs exercise.B．You are such a smart child.C．A healthy body contr ibutes to one’s intelligence.D．What people want to express is like this.E．Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children.F．The children are then more likely to grow up brightly and intelligently.G．These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.第二部分英语知识运用第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）In the lobby(休息室) after a long day at work, I found myself standing next to a handsome young man with a nice smile. A __21__ showed what we had in common: I had __22__ in New York city from Germany while he had __23__ from South America.We exchanged stories about the __24__ of starting a new life in a new country. “I’ve been __25__ apartment within walking distance from my __26__. And what I want is to have a good __27__ of Central park! But I’m dreaming. I can’t __28__ to rent a room like that myself and I haven’t found a roommate to share in expenses（费用）.” The young man wrote a __29__ down on a piece of paper. “Her name’s Carol and she is a good girl,” he said. “You’ll __30__ her, and she needs a roommate.”I called her right away. “I’ve been __31__ to hear from you,” said Carole, who lived near Central Park. __32__, she became my best roommate, and has been my__33__ for 34 years.“We were sure lucky to __34__ each other,” Carole said to me recently. “But I wondered what took you so __35__ to call.” I said. “I called right after I __36__ your South American friend.” Carole looked amazed. “Not a friend, __37__ I met him only once, and he told me about you. But that was a whole week before you finally__38__.”“But I don’t understand; I didn’t know him until that afternoon.”“Maybe he know of you before because you were __39__ known in the company for your achievement.”Though you are a small potato, if you work hard and do __40__, people will find you sooner or later.21. A. chat B. action C. letter D. sentence22. A. got B. arrived C. reached D. approached23. A. returned B. appeared C. heard D. come24. A. pleasure B. difficulties C. excitement D. danger25. A. finding out B. adopted C. decorated D. searching for26. A. job B. home C. school D. friend27. A. sight B. visit C. view D. point28. A. realize B. provide C. afford D. stand29. A. number B. sign C. mark D. note30. A. meet B. like C. believe D. agree31. A. looking B. staying C. waiting D. keeping32. A. And B. However C. Then D. Indeed33. A. wife B. friend C. roommate D. partner34. A. receive B. find C. notice D. see35. A. short B. fast C. long D. slow36. A. came across B. heard from C. knew of D. referred to37. A. hurriedly B. rapidly C. commonly D. exactly38. A. said B. called C. spoke D. visited39. A. far B. much C. well D. rather40. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something第二节：语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

辽宁省阜蒙县第二高级中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题命题人：解义辉时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）ASummer Holiday Fun 2010 !The summer holidays are upon us again Here is our guide to summer holiday fun in Peterborough!Peterborough MuseumThe Age of the Dinosaurs’is the museum’s main attraction this summer．Get up close to prehistoric creatures via some great hands—on exhibits! Watch out for monsters lurking around every ember! The museum is open from 10：00am to 5：00pm Monday to Saturday，and from 12：00pm to 4：00 pm on Sundays in August．Call 01733 864663 for detailsSaxon Youth ClubSchool holiday fun：Young people aged 13—19 will be able to produce their own music, compete in spots activities，or try their hand at cooking at Saxon Youth Club，Saxon Community Centre, Norman Road．Peterborough every Monday and Wednesday from 3：00pm．PLUS an aero ball tournament will take place on Thursday 12th August between 3:30pm and 6:30pm．Call 01 353 720274 for detailsHoughton MillAlice through the Looking Class—a new production of the family favorite on Monday 30th．August．Bring rugs or chairs to sit on and a picnic if you wish to eat during the play．Gates open 5：30pro，performance 6：30pm—8：30pm．Tea room will be open until end of the interval．Adult ￡10．Child￡7．Family ￡20．Booking advisable on 0845 4505157．Farmland Museum and Denny AbbeyFarmland Gaines：From Wellie Wanging to Pretend Ploughing matches，come and join the Farmland Team．Collect your sporting stickers and create a colorful rosette that is fit for a winner！No need to book，just turn up between 12：00pm and 4：00pm on Thursday 19th August Suitable for children aged four and above，each child should be accompanied by an adult and all activities are included in the normal admission price Tickets Cost￡7 per child．For further information，call 01223 810080．1．If you are interested in cooking, you can go to .A．Peterborough Museum B．Houghton MillC．Saxon Youth Club D．Farmland Museum2．You want to watch the new play with your parents，so it will cost you ．A．￡7 B．￡17 C．￡27 D．￡203．If Tom comes to Peterborough for amusement on August 19，he will have activities to choose from for himself．A．one activity B．two activitiesC．three activities D．four activitiesBGrowing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cooking with his stay-at-home dad when he was seven. His food-loving family had two kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way to bake his cakes. Lieberman improved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abroad before college, learning from a cook in Italy and studying local specialties(特色菜) in Germany, Spain, and France.At Yale, he was known for throwing dinner parties, single-handedly frying and baking while mixing drinks for dozens of friends. Just for fun, he and some friends decided to tape a show named campus cuisine(菜肴) about his cooking. Lieberman was a real college student showing his classmates how to do things like making drinks out of dining-hall fruit. That helped the show become very popular among the students. They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking. Tapes of the show were passed around, with which his name went beyond the school and finally to the Food Network.Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key. “Food TV isn’t about food anymore,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”But Lieberman isn’t putting all his eggs in one basket. After taping the first season of the new show, Lieberman was back in his own small kitchen preparing sandwiches. An airline company was looking for someone to come up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy- to-make menu to serve on its flights. Lieberman got the job.4. We can learn from the text that Lieberman’s family_______.A. have relatives in EuropeB. love cooking at homeC. often hold partiesD. own a restaurant5. The Food Network got to know Lieberman_________A. at one of his paritiesB. from his teachersC. through his taped showD. on a television program6. What does the word “charisma” underlined in the text refer to?A. A natural ability to attract others.B. A way to show one’s achievement.C. Lieberman’s after-class interest.D. Lieberman’s fine cooking skill.7. What can we learn about Lieberman from the text?A. He is clever but lonely.B. He is friendly and active.C. He enjoys traveling around.D. He often changes his menus.CMonkeys are very similar to us in many ways. Most have ten fingers and ten toes, and brains much like ours. In fact, C harles Darwin’s theory of evolution says that monkey and humans share a common ancestor（祖先）. We enjoy watching them because they often act like us, and we also love to use many expressions about monkeys in almost every language. This is why many monkey expressions are about tricky people or playful acts.Monkeyshine is one of the expressions to show tricks or foolish acts. The meaning is clear if you have ever watched a group of monkeys playfully chasing each other: pulling tails, stealing food, doing tricks.Monkeying around with something means that you do not know what you are doing. When you feel like doing something but have no firm idea of what to do, you are monkeying around. It is just a way to pass the time.Monkey business usually means secret, maybe illegal activities. You may come across a new report that there is monkey business involved in building the new airport, with some officials getting secret payments from builders.Monkey suits are common names for clothes or uniforms soldiers wear. In earlier years in many American cities, you would find men playing musical band organs（风琴）on the street. Dancing to the music would be the man’s small monkey that was dressed in a tight-fitting, colorful jacket similar to a military uniform. So, people began to call a military（军队的）uniform a monkey suit.8. Which of the following is NOT true about the similarities between human and monkey?A. Most monkeys have ten fingers and toes.B. Monkeys have the same brains as humans.C. Monkeys often act like humans in many ways.D. Monkeys are humans’ closest relatives in species.9. According to the passage, an idle(懒散的) wander on the street can be described as______.A. monkeyshineB. monkeying aroundC. a monkey suitD. monkey business10. Monkey suits are commonly used to call military uniforms because they ______.A. are created particularly for soldiers’ uniforms.B. are originally designed for American soldiers.C. share typical（典型的）features with military uniforms.D. make American soldiers look like monkeys.11. Most monkey expressions are ______.A. used only in western cultures.B. used on some formal occasions.C. about tricks and naughtiness.D. about terrible funny behaviors.DDo you like to eat out? Do you like to eat quickly? Do you like inexpensive food?Some people go to fast-food restaurants for these reasons. In the past, people usually went to diners（路边餐馆）for these reasons. In fact, many people in the States still go to diners today for the same reasons.A man named Walter Scott had the first “diner” in 1872. It wasn’t a real diner. It was only a food cart. People on the street walked up to the cart to buy food. These carts served late-night workers who wanted a cup of coffee and a late-night meal. The meal was a sandwich or boiled eggs.In 1887, Samuel Jones built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come inside. However, they did not sit down. Later, people built diners with counters and stools（凳子）, and people sat down while they ate.Before long, many diners stayed open around the clock. In other words, people were able to eat in diner at any time. Diners changed in other ways, too. The original（最初的）menu of sandwiches and coffee became bigger. It included soup, favorite dishes, and a breakfast menu. In addition, diners soon became permanent buildings. They were no longer carts on wheels.Diners today look similar to the diners of the early 1900s. They are usually buildings with large windows. Inside, the diners have shining counters with stools, booths, and tables and chairs. People can eat all three meals in a modern diner.Today, many people eat in fast-food restaurants such as McDonald’s and Burger King. However, the diner remains an American tradition, and thousands of people still enjoy eating there. It was popular a century ago, and it is still popular today.12.What meals did the first diners serve?A. Only breakfastB. Only lunchC. Only night-mealsD. All of the above13.According to paragraph 5, diners changed in __________A. Two waysB. three waysC. four waysD. five ways14.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Diners existed before a fast-food restaurantB. The menu included more food than sandwiches and coffee.C. Burger King is a fast-food restaurantD. Sandwiches became smaller15.The main idea of the passage is that ______________.A. the diner is a traditional and popular place to eat in the United States.B. Samuel Johns built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come inside.C. American diners serve many types of food 24 hours a day to their customers.D. Diners are different from fast-food restaurants in many ways.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）What makes one person more intelligent than another？What makes one person a genius，like the brilliant Albert Einstein，and another person a fool？Are people born intelligent or stupid，or is intelligence the result of where and how you live？__16__We know，however，that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways，the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle.__ 17__Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about.__ 18__If，on the other hand，children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do，they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.__19__ According to some psychologists，if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot，then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children，such as “That was a very clever thing you did.”or“__20__”A．It needs exercise.B．You are such a smart child.C．A healthy body contributes to one’s intelligence.D．What people want to express is like this.AB．Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children.AC．The children are then more likely to grow up brightly and intelligently.AD．These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.第二部分英语知识运用第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）In the lobby(休息室) after a long day at work, I found myself standing next to a handsome young man with a nice smile. A __21__ showed what we had in common: I had __22__ in New York city from Germany while he had __23__ from South America.We exchanged stories about the __24__ of starting a new life in a new country. “I’ve been __25__ apartment within walking distance from my __26__. And what I want is to have a good __27__ of Central park! But I’m dreaming. I can’ t __28__ to rent a room like that myself and I haven’t found a roommate to share in expenses（费用）.” The young man wrote a __29__ down on a piece of paper. “Her name’s Carol and she is a good girl,” he said. “You’ll __30__ her, and she needs a roommate.”I called her right away. “I’ve been __31__ to hear from you,” said Carole, who lived near Central Park. __32__, she became my best roommate, and has been my __33__ for 34 years.“We were sure lucky to __34__ each other,”Carole said to me recently. “But I wondered what took you so __35__ to call.”I said. “I called right after I __36__ your South American friend.” Carole looked amazed. “Not a friend, __37__ I met him only once, and he told me about you. But that was a whole week before you finally __38__.”“But I don’t understand; I didn’t know him until that afternoon.”“Maybe he know of you before because you were __39__ known in the company for your achievement.”Though you are a small potato, if you work hard and do __40__, people will find you sooner or later.21. A. chat B. action C. letter D. sentence22. A. got B. arrived C. reached D. approached23. A. returned B. appeared C. heard D. come24. A. pleasure B. difficulties C. excitement D. danger25. A. finding out B. adopted C. decorated D. searching for26. A. job B. home C. school D. friend27. A. sight B. visit C. view D. point28. A. realize B. provide C. afford D. stand29. A. number B. sign C. mark D. note30. A. meet B. like C. believe D. agree31. A. looking B. staying C. waiting D. keeping32. A. And B. However C. Then D. Indeed33. A. wife B. friend C. roommate D. partner34. A. receive B. find C. notice D. see35. A. short B. fast C. long D. slow36. A. came across B. heard from C. knew of D. referred to37. A. hurriedly B. rapidly C. commonly D. exactly38. A. said B. called C. spoke D. visited39. A. far B. much C. well D. rather40. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something第二节：语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

阜蒙县第二高中2017~2018学年度第二学期高一期中考试英语试卷时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分：阅读理解（共两节；第一节：共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）AOn the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown. Everything about the school seemed so difficult. When I got home, my parents said, “You're nervous and that's okay. Everyone is afraid of high school.” I denied it. I wanted to be strong, so I refused to let anyone know about my fear, even my closest friends.On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle(迷宫) that I couldn't figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be? I didn't think I could rise to this challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knock someone out with it! The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and they were probably right.Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out. With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.Since then, I've been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn't much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some outofclass activities because you'll find it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn't straight A's.Most important of all, be who you are, whether you're a “fool”，an athlete, or a lower grader. Don't try to pretend to be someone you're not. Now you know the true secrets of high school.1. The main reason for the author's fear on his first day is that ________.A．he was not familiar with the new surroundingsB．his schoolmates were unfriendly to himC．he was unable to work out the puzzleD．his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry2. From the author's first day experience we can infer that ________.A．he didn't know the right way to classB．he got to school before classes beganC．he was fond of the school immediately.D．his home was far from the school3. After his first week at school, the author ________.A．was still not accustomed to the scheduleB．gradually adjusted himself to the new schoolC．found high school not so challenging as he had imaginedD．ran for monitor of his class against three other students4. According to the passage, the secret of the author's success lies mainly in________.A．making more friends B．getting more A's at schoolC．being who he really is D．joining in out of class activitiesBEvery day we go to school and listen to teachers, and the teacher will ask us some questions. Sometimes, the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class. When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics, remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying. You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat with friends --- you are in a situation where a large group of people will remain silent, waiting to hear what you have to say. You must speak so that they can hear you loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself.Remember, too, that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you. The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease in ordinary conversation but the situation is somewhat different from that of an ordinary conversation. You must take special care that you can be heard.5. When you speak to the class, you should speak __________.A．as loudly as possible B．loudly C．in a low voice D．forcefully 6. The situation in the class is _________ that in your house.A．not very different from B．not the same asC．the same as D．sometimes the same as7. The main idea of this passage is __________.A．that we should talk in different ways in different situationsB．that we must speak loudlyC．that we must keep silent at any time D．that we must talk with the classCLong bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clean Toothpaste.” Drink Good Wet Root Beer.” Fill up with Pacific Gas.” Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if you’ve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless （鲁莽的）or daring, the ride can be as thrilling （惊心动魄的）as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left hand lane? After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be o ver and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with your hands on the armrests even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at no more ways to sit.8. According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?A. Advertisements on the billboards.B. Films on television.C. Buses on the road.D. Gas stations.9. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To give the writer’s opinion about long bus trips.B. To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C. To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D. To describe the billboards along the road.10. The writer of this passage would probably favor .A. bus drivers who aren’t recklessB. driving aloneC. a television set on the busD. no billboards along the road11. The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because .A. the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are funB. they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in betweenC. the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on busesD. both traveling and watching TV are not exciting.12. The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are.A. comfortableB. excitingC. tiringD. boringDTokyo is one of those places that you can love and hate at the same time.In Tokyo there are always too many people in the places where I want to go. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast, but in Tokyo they often spend a long time in traffic jams. Tokyo is not different from London, Paris and New York in that, it is different when one wants to walk.At certain times of the day there are a lot of people on foot in London's Oxford Street. But the streets near the Ginze in Tokyo always have a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk. People are very polite; there are just too many of them.The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30 at night. That is when the night-clubs are closing and every-body wants to go home. There are 35,000 night-clubs in Tokyo, and you do not often see one that is empty(空的).During the day, most people travel to and from work by train. Tokyo people buy six million train tickets every day. At most stations, trains arrive every two or three minutes, but at certain hours there do not seem to be enough trains. Although they are usually crowded, Japanese trains are very good. They always leave and arrive ontime.In Tokyo, I stood outside the station for five minutes. Three fire-engines raced past on the way to one of the many fires that Tokyo has every day. Tokyo has so many surprises that none of them can really surprise me now.13. Tokyo is different from London in that ______.A. it has a larger populationB. there are more traffic jamsC. night clubs are sometimes emptyD. it is more difficult to go somewhere on foot14. Fires break out___________ in Tokyo according to the writer.A. not very oftenB. only several times a dayC. quite oftenD. very seldom15. Japanese trains ______A. often leave and arrive on timeB. are often crowdedC. are the main means people use to travel to and from workD. all of the above第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Everyone wants to achieve happiness and smile． 16 How can you find real happiness and smile? By getting rich? In case you are scratching your head，looking for some reasons or ideas to be happy, here are a few．Throw an impromptu(即兴的) party. 17 An impromptu one increases the joy to a new level. And of course making other people happy is bound to have the same effect on you.Treat yourself. Sometimes all it takes to make one happy is a little indulgence(放纵). So, go ahead and grab a cup of coffee and sit inside a blanket with a good book! You will be surprised at how happy it makes you．18 Happiness can be transformed! When we feel happy and excited, it can lift the spirits of others. Your simple gesture can transform a person’s day and get him or her prepared to take on any challenge.Have a conversation with a parent. If you are like most kids, you possibly spend more time texting or surfing the Internet than talking to your family. 19 You will be surprised at the feeling of joy that it brings to you.Finally, don’t forget to be happy every day! While International Day of Happiness may come about only once a year, happiness is around you all day and night. 20A. You just have to seek it out and grab it．B. But life is hard，so it is very difficult to find real happiness and smile．C. Most of your family members show no interest in texting or the Internet．D. Set aside your mobile phone for a few minutes and have a chat with a family member.E. Be friendly to others and smile at a stranger．F. Nothing makes people happier than being invited to a party.G. You should try to celebrate the Day of Happiness every day and everywhere．第二部分英语知识运用第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It’s Friday, and we don’t have any _21__. Can I, please?” Mum was sitting at the kitchen table. Dad was _22__next to her, resting his head on his arms. Mum could _23__that James wanted so badly to have his friend over.“I’m so sorry, James,” she said.“I’m never allowed to have friends come to the house? Why, Mum?” James asked sadly, almost in _24__.“I know it’s _25__ for you,” Mum said softly. “But I’m just worried other people might think we’re a little… strange. And then they would make fun of you.”“No, they wouldn’t, Mum,” James protested. “We’re not _26__ at all. We’re just ordinary people.”Mum sighed heavily. “To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy _27__. And your poor father –he doesn’t feel _28__. He really needs a rest.”“I can help, Mum!” James said. “__29_ I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please?”“Well…”Mum began.“Great! Thanks Mum!” James almost shouted. “Just sit there, don’t move.” He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and _30__ what he needed –two spanners(螺丝扳手). “Hang on, Mum,” he said. “This won’t take a second.” After some __31_, James was finished. With a smile of _32__ on his face he said, “There! How does that feel?” “Oh, James,” Mum said. “That’s a much better! How did you do it?”“Easy,” James said _33__.” Dad had tightened your neck bolts (螺栓) too much!I just_34__ them slightly! I learned that in robotic science at school.”“What about you father? Can you _35__ him?” asked Mum.“I’ll try,” James 36 . He lifted up Dad’s hair at the back of his neck. and plugged（插）the electric wire into Dad’s head. Then he turned the _37__on. Dad opened his eyes and __38_ immediately. “He just let his battery（电池）run too low, that’s all,” James said, “Shall I tell Brett to come39 straight after school tomorrow?”“I guess so,” replied Mum. “Your friends will just have to _40__ that we are a very unusual family. Thanks, son!”21. A．homework B．message C．chance D．difficulty22. A．asleep B．reading C．alone D．standing23 . A．explain B．see C．agree D．doubt24 . A．terror B．tears C．surprise D．silence25 . A．fair B．easy C．hard D．good26 . A．normal B．strang C．popular D．anxious27 . A．loss B．headache C．task D．day28 . A．ill B．funny C．sorry D．well29 . A．As B．If C．Since D．Before30 . A．kept B．controlled C．found D．returned31 . A．requests B．repairs C．thoughts D．instructions32 . A．sympathy B．satisfaction C．bitterness D．politeness33 . A．embarrassedly B．proudly C．impatiently D．gratefully34 . A．covered B．collected C．produced D．adjusted35 . A．greet B．accompany C．help D．ask36 . A．told B．say C．replied D．amazed37 . A．television B．power C．light D．gas38 . A．sat up B．lay down C．broke down D．grew up39 . A．down B．in C．away D．over40. A．accept B．expect C．suspect D．prove第二节：语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

辽宁省阜新二高2017-2018学年高二英语下学期寒假验收考试试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AThe Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”1.What is the purpose of the Drivel ABA.To explore newmeans of transport.B.To design new types of cars.C.To find out older driver`s problems.D.To teach people traffic rules.2.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil BlytheA.It keeps them independent.B.It helps them save time.C.It builds up their strength.D.It cures their mental illnesses.3.What do researchers hope to do for older driversA.Improve their driving skills.B.Develop driver-assist technologles.C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.anize regular physical checkups.4.What is the best title for the textA.A new Model Electric CarB.A Solution to Traffic ProblemC.Driving Service for eldersD.Keeping Older Drivers on the RoadBWhen I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish”, I remember being even more upset then because, “I’m not a fish!” I didn’t know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish doesAs I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun huts their eyes… The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them..When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like sales people.” But it didn’t completely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.5. Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nineA. He could not catch a fish.B. His father was not patient with him.C. His father did not teach him fishing.D. He could not influence a fish as his father did.6. What did the author’s father really meanA. To read about fish.B. To learn fishing by oneself.C. To understand what fish think.D. To study fishing in many ways.7. According to the author, fish are most likely to be found _________.A. in deep water on sunny daysB. in deep water on cloudy daysC. in shallow water under sunlightD. in shallow water under waterside trees.8. This passage most likely comes from _________.A. a fishing guideB. a popular sales bookC. a novel on childhoodD. a millionaire’s biographyCLiving in a foreign country can be exciting, but it can also be confusing (令人迷惑的).A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences. They decided that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”.On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thought people weren’t paying any attention to her. The day was hot. She went into a store and asked,“Do you have cold drinks?”The woman there didn’t say anythi ng. Lisa repeated the question. Still the woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her: She had raised her eyebrows (眉毛), which in Micronesia means“yes”. Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was known for its cabbage. She asked the waiter, “Do you have cabb age today?” He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means “no”.Tom had a similar problem when he arrived in India. After explaining something in class, he asked his students if they understood. They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head. He thought some students had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing. He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes”or “no”.9. These Americans teaching English in other countries found that they ______.A. should go abroad for vacationsB. needed to learn foreign languagesC. should often discuss their experiencesD. had problems with communications10. People in Micron esia show “yes” by ______.A. noddingheadsB. raising eyeb rowsC. shakingheadsD. saying “no”11. Tom misunderstood his class at first because______.A. he did not know much about Indian cultureB. he didn’t explain everything clearly enoughC. some students didn’t understand hi s questionsD. he didn’t know where the students came from12. Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?A. In Bulgaria, nodding heads means “no”.B. Jan taught English on a Pacific island.C. Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.D. I n Ind ia, only shaking heads means “yes”.DWhat are the biggest problems that society will have to deal with in the 21st century There are diseases like AIDS and cancer. There’s climate change, of course. And what about producing enough cheap food and energ y for the world’s growing population Who’s going to solve all these terrible problems Yes, politicians and world leaders will have a big part to play. Yes, businesses will need to create the economic wealth to pay for some of these things. But who’s going to make a much greater difference to something like AIDS or climate change It’s going to be a scientist. It is the scientist who can turn some new bit of science into a new technology to solve these problems.If you like thinking about the world around you, why not become a scientist.It doesn’t mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine! Scientists do all kinds of a amazing things that are actually interesting!Military scientists develop not only new weapons(武器) but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date. Forensic(法医的) scientists work with the police to find quite small clues to bust (指控)criminals. Scientists work in schools and colleges as the teachers and professors who will train tomorrow’s scientists. Don’t think a scientist is far away! Maybe you like cooking .You could be a food technologist helping to keep fruit and vegetables fresher for longer. Perhaps sport is your thing. Do you know that most top athletes work with sports scientists in order to improve their performance .You could even be the science writer who gets to spend the life studying the latest advances and sharing them with the world.Looking for something to do for the rest of your life, my advice take a long and hard look at science. It is interesting and ever.13. Many problems are mentioned in the first paragraph to ________.A. show scientists play an important part in solving themB. introduce the causes of these problemsC. show the writer’s worry about the future worldD. suggest they are impossible to be solved14. Most people think the life of scientists is _______.A. amazingB. boringC. colorfulD. unreal15.The passage is intended for people who_____A. have little knowledge of scienceB. have no interest in scienceC. hope for the world peaceD. haven’t decided on their career第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

阜蒙县第二高中2017-2018学年度寒假作业验收考试高一数学试卷时间：120分钟 总分：150一、选择题（本大题共12个小题，每题5分，共60分）1．已知集合，集合{}2<=x x B ，则A B = （ ）A ．()2,1-B ．()1,1-C ． ()2,1D ． ()2,02．两条直线023=++n y x 与0132=+-y x 的位置关系是（ ）A ．与n 的值有关B ．相交但不垂直C ．垂直D ．平行3.已知平面α内有无数条直线都与平面β平行,则正确的是（ ）A ．βα//B ．α与β重合C ．βα//或α与β相交D ．α与β相交4. 设9.04=a ，48.08=b ，5.121-⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=c ，则正确的是 （ ）A ．c b a >>B ．b c a >>C ．b a c >>D ．c a b >>5．已知几何体的三视图如图所示，它的体积是（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．32D ．316．设函数()()()x f x g x x f =++=2,32， 则()x g 的表达式是 （ ）A ．72+xB ．12+xC ．32-xD ．12-x7．高为5，底面边长为34的正三棱柱形容器内(下面有底)可放置的最大球的半径是（ ）A ．23B ．2C ．223D ．28. 已知函数()2xx e e x f --=，则下列正确的是 （ ） A ．()x f 是偶函数，在R 上为增函数B ．()x f 是偶函数，在R 上为减函数C ．()x f 是奇函数，在R 上为增函数D ．()x f 是奇函数，在R 上为减函数9. 已知点)0,1,0(),5,0,1(),1,3,3(C B A ，AB 的中点为M ，则CM = ( )A ．253 B ．253 C ．453 D ．213 10．若方程01452222=-+++++a a ay ax y x 表示圆，则a 的取值范围是 （ ）A ．02<<-aB ．322<<-a C ．1<a D ．a <1 11．已知10<<a ，则函数|||log |x a y a x =-的零点的个数为（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．412．曲线24x y -=与直线k x y +=有公共点，则实数k 的取值范围是 （ ）A ．()2,2-B ．C ．D ． 二、填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）13．函数()()2log 22--=x x x f 的单调减区间是14．若310,210==y x ，则24310y x -=15.已知直线03:=-+y x l ,求点()1,1-A 关于直线l 的对称点B 的坐标16. 设()()()()⎩⎨⎧≥-<<=11210x x x xx f 若()()1+=a f a f ，则=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛a f 1 三、解答题（本大题共6个小题，共70分.解答时应写出文字说明,证明过程活演算过程）17.(本小题满分10分). 已知集合{}9127≤-≤-=x x A ，{}322-<<-=m x m x B ，且A B A =⋃，求实数m 的取值范围。

辽宁省阜新二高2017-2018学年高一语文下学期寒假验收考试试题一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面文字,完成1-3题。

儒家安身立命之道“安身立命”作为一个成语,出自禅宗。

《景德传灯录》有这样的记载:僧问:“学人不据地时如何?”师云:“汝向什么处安身立命?”然而“安身立命”作为一种学理,则出自儒家。

孔子在《论语》中,已谈到“安”。

宰我觉得守丧三年太长了,孔子申斥宰我“不仁”,丧礼之所以规定守丧三年,理由就在于一个“安”字。

“子生三年,然后免于父母之怀。

夫三年之丧,天下之通丧也。

”(《论语・阳货》) “安”,指的是情感的安顿、精神的安顿。

《论语》也谈到“身”。

曾子曰:“吾日三省吾身:为人谋而不忠乎?……”“身”指的是人的行为践履,把精神安顿与生活实践联系在一起。

关于“立”,孔子的说法是“三十而立”(《论语・为政》),就是确立人生的价值取向。

关于“命”,孔子的说法是“不知命,无以为君子也。

”(《论语・尧曰》) “命”,指的是君子应有的使命感。

到孟子这里,则形成了儒家关于安身立命之道的比较系统的说法。

孟子把人性善视为安身立命之道的内在依据,而“天道诚”则是他为安身立命之道指出的超越指向。

他说:“是故诚者,天之道也。

思诚者,人之道也。

”(《孟子・离娄上》)所谓“思诚”,就是以“天”作为终极的价值目标,扮演好天民的角色,力求进入天人合一的精神境界。

至于进入天人合一精神境界的路径,孟子不可能选择外求的认识路线,只能选择内求的心性修养路线,他称之为“求其放心”。

他指出,人之所以流于不善,并非人的本心所致,而是人不肯下功夫寻回业已失掉的本心。

宋明理学家吸收了中国佛教哲学和道教哲学的理论思维成果,创立了儒学的新形态,他们十分重视儒家的安身立命之道,对其做出深刻的阐发,使之在学理上臻于成熟。

他们倡导的“孔颜之乐”、“圣人气象”、“为天地立心,为生民立命”、“复尽天理”、“发明本心”、“致良知”,都是关于儒家安身立命之道的具体说法。