2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)

2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试题第一卷（共110分）I. Listening comprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in you r paper, and decide which one is the best answer t o the question you have heard.1. A. In a library B. In a theatre C. In a cinema D. In a classroom2. A. 40 B. 30 C. 20 D. 103. A. take a long walk B. Take a good restC. Read a long storyD. Catch up with her work4. A. The woman B. The man C. The woman’s mother D. The baker5. A. Doctor and nurse B. Cashier and customer C. Dentist and patientD. Conductor and passenger6. A. 8:45 B. 9:00 C. 9:15 D. 9:307. A. A best writer B. A recent book C. A good sailor D. A new record8. A. He’s a carpenter B. He’s a doctor C. He’s an electricianD. He’s an editor9. A. Borrow a book B. Write a book C. Translate a bookD. Buy a book10.A. She’s not sure what’s happened to Geor ge.B. She doesn’t want to talk to George.C. George is always late for meetings.D. It’s difficult to understand George’s behavior.Part B Longer conversationsDirections: In Part B you will heat two longer conversations. After each conversation, you will be asked two questions. The conversations will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation.11.A. The food in the West Lake is too expensive.B. Their own food will be cleaner.C. She wants more choices of food.D. They can have what they like.12.A. The scenery is more beautiful B. The place is nearerC. The transportation is freeD. The fields are betterQuestions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation13. A. Mental problem B. Final examinationsC. Studrnt6s’ friendshipD. Time agreement14.A. He has never heard of them B. He doesn’t have the phone numberC. He can’t afford the timeD. He can’t afford the servicePart C PassagesDirections: In Part C, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage.15. A. A special medical treatment B. a driving license without a bad recordC. an experience as a conductorD. five weeks’ driving at a training school16. A. She was strong enough to become a bus driverB. The men drivers are kind to her.C. She was able to see more clearly on a busD. She passed the test the first time she took it.17. A. Worthwhile B. Boring C. Dangerous D. Poorly paidQuestions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18. A. Its variety B. It s quality C. its price D. Its taste19. A. Inside the restaurant B. Outside the restaurantC. On the menuD. Not mentioned20. A. Coffee B. Beer C. Coke D. WineII Grammar (20 points)Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____ leg.A. aB. oneC. theD. his22. Both teams were in hard training; ____ was willing to lose the game.A. eitherB. neitherC. anotherD. the other23. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert_____ covered the land.A. number…. hasB. quantity…. hasC. number….h aveD. quantity….have24. The sunlight came in _____ the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.A. throughB. acrossC. onD. over25. _____, I have never seen anyone who is as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so much26. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go ,________.A. our holiday will be betterB. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will beD. the better will our holiday be27. So difficult ______ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn Englishwell.A.I have feltB. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feel28. Feeling the car stolen, _____________________.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help29. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _____ everything.A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told30. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, _______?A. do IB. don’t IC. will theyD. won’t they31. I really appreciate _____ to talk with you on this nice island.A.to have had timeB. having timeC. to have timeD. to having time32. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________>A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will survive33. In fact, _____ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it34. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would35. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted intouniversities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as36. As I know, there is ____ car in this neighborhood.A.no suchB. no aC. not suchD. no such a37. He’s got himself into a serious situation _______ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.whereB. whichC. whileD. why38. The bell _____ the end of the period rang, ______ our heated discussion.A. indicating….interruptingB. indicated….interruptingC. indicating….interruptedD. indicated….interrupted39. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and __________________.A.he’d like to collect coins as wellB. he feel like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure40. What would have happened______, as far as the river bank?A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked fartherIII. Vocabulary (10 points )Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.41. Alice trusts you, only you can ___her to give up the foolish idea.A.suggestB. attractC. temptD. persuade42. Her brother ____ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.A.declaredB. threatenedC. warnedD. exclaimed43. In the botanic garden we can find a(n) _____ of plants that rang from tall trees to small trees.A.speciesB. groupC. amountD. variety44. When climbing the hill John was knocked unconscious by an ________ rolling stone.A.untouchedB. unexpectedC. unfamiliarD. unbelievable45. Her son, to whom she was so ______, went abroad ten years ago.A. lovedB. caredC. devotedD. affected46. I don’t think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog _________.A.correctlyB. properlyC. exactlyD. actively47. According to the new research gardening is a more ____ exercise for older women thanjogging or swimming.A. mentalB. physicalC. effectiveD. efficient48. ---- Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree ?---- No, it’s out of ________ .A. rangeB. reachC. controlD. distance49. The lift of London is made up of many different _________.A. elementsB. sectionsC. materialsD. realities50. I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it ____ theweather.A. links withB. depends onC. connects toD. decides onIV. Cloze Test (20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.AThe 28-year-old had spent six years working night while she gained her university degree during the day. When she finally graduated she had her eye on a teaching (51) at a nearby primary school. With the help of her friends, she had an interview with the Head.“ I noticed a tiny hole in one of my stockings earlier,” she (52). “ I thought about changing them, but I knew I’d be late if I did. And by the time II got to the interview, (53) enormous. I walk ed in apologizing for not (54).” The would-be teacher didn’t get the job. In fact one of her friends told her that the (55) only comment was: “ If someone doesn’t take the time to present her best (56) at an interview, what kind of (57) is she going to be ?”First impressions are (58) ones. In other words, if you’ve viewed positively within the critical(关键的)first four minutes, the person you’ve met will (59) assume everything you do is positive. Leave the interview a bad impression, and often he will assume you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters. Worse, he or she may not take the time to give you a second(60). Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves will caremore about their jobs.51. A. profession B. position C. career D. occupation52. A. repeats B. reminds C. recalls D. responds53. A. I was B. he was C. it was D. they were54. A. looking at all B. looking at him C. looking round D. looking my best55. A. Head’s B. student’s C. friend’s D. would-be teacher’s56. A. figure B. image C. aspect D. shape57. A. person B. worker C. graduate D. teacher58. A. lasting B. remaining C. continuing D. persisting59.A. rarely B. occasionally C. probably D. certainly60. A. job B. thought C. chance D. questionBMany people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit. They sleep better and wake up feeling more (61), in part due to increased amounts of deep sleep.Deep sleep may play a role in the body restoring(恢复) itself (62) , as opposed to REM( rapid eye movement) or dreaming sleep. Researchers have found that physical exercise , especially (63) in the afternoon or early evening , produces more (64) early in the night.(65) can also help you get a better night’s sleep in a number of indirect ways. The relaxation and tiredness (66) by exercise can improve sleep.Exercise encourages weight loss and also may (67) depression. Exercising later in the day can also help delay the (68) drop in your body’s temperature. The (69) of exercise are especially important for older people,(70) exercise has been shown to increase the amount of sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep. But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours before bedtime--- working out later than that could leave you too excited to fall asleep easily.61. A. conscious B. peaceful C. effective D. refreshed62. A. physically B. mentally C. emotionally D. regularly63. A. made B. done C. functioned D. conducted64. A. night’s sleep B. dreaming sleep C. deep sl eep D. REM65. A. Exercise B. Dreams C. researchers D. Doctors66.A. recovered B. strengthened C. caused D. reduced67.A. increase B. relieve C. release D. arouse68. A. nighttime B. daytime C. dinnertime D. lifetime69.A. disadvantages B. benefits C .ways D .plays70. A. yet B. if C. when D. sinceV. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, b, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne eveni ng after dinner,. Mr and Mrs Tisich called a family meeting. “ We’ve had to make a difficult decision, “ Mr Tisich announced. “You see, you mother has been offered a post as codirector of a television station in Chicago. Unfortunately, the station is not here. After thinking long and hard about it, we’ve concluded that the right decision is to move to Chicago.”Marc looked shocked, while his sister Rached breathlessly started asking when they’d be moving. “It’s surprising, but exciting!” She said Marc simply said, “We can’t go --- I can’t leave all my friends. I’d rather stay here and live with Tommy Lyons!”The Tisichs hoped that by the time they moved in August, Marc would grow more accustomed to the idea of leaving. However, he showed no signs of accepting the news, refusing to pack his belongings.When the morning of the move arrived, Marc was nowhere to be found. His parents called Tommy Lyons’s house, But Mrs Lyons said she hadn’t seen Marc. Mrs Tisich became increasing concerned, while her husband felt angry with their son for behaving so irresponsibly.What they didn’t know was that Marc started walking over to Tommy’s house, with a faint idea of hiding in the Lyon’s attic(阁楼) for a few days. But something happened on the way as Marc walked past all the familiar landscape of the neighborhood; the fence that he andhis mother painted, the tree that he and his sister used to climb, the park where he and his father often took evening walks together. How much would these mean without his family, who make them special in the first place? Marc didn’t take the time to answer that question but instead hurried to his house, wondering if there were any moving cartoons (纸板箱) the right size to hold his record collection.71. The conflict in this story was caused by _________.A.Marc and Rach’s different tempersB. a quarrel between Tommy Lyons and MarcC .Marc’s disagreement with his parents about their moveD. Mr and Mrs Tisich’s remark of Marc’s irresponsibility72. Marc and Rachel’s reactions to the move were similar in the way that they were ______>A. surprisedB. angry and upsetC. anxious for more detailsD. worried about packing73. The reason for Marc’s going home was that _______________.A. he did not want to be left behindB. he realized his family was essential to him.C. he hoped to reach an agreement with his parentsD. he hoped to be a more responsible person.74. What would most likely happen next ?A.Marc would bring his records over to the Lyons’s houseB.Mr and Mrs Tisich would call the police.C.Marc would join his family for house moving.D.Mr and Mrs Tisich would start searching for Marc.BAnswer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first)jaguar n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the US. and in Central and South America.jargon1.n.speech that does n’t make sense. 2. n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3. n. a language made up of two or more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4. n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was field with jargon.jaunt1.n.a trip taken for fun 2. v.to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday .javelin 1. n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting 2. n. a light-weight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3.n.the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4. v.to strike, as with a javelinjazz 1. n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz 3. n. slang empty talk. 4. adj. of or like jazz: a jazz band, a jazz recordsjennet n. a small Spanish horse75. Which meaning of the word javelin is used in the sentence below?At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.A.Definition 1B. Definition 2C. Definition 3D. Definition 476. Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?Doctors often speak in medical jargon.A.Definition 1B. definition 2C. Definition 3D. Definition 477. What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence ?Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.A. rhythmic beatsB. a type of musicC. a kind of danceD. meaningless talkCBritain’s oldest man made hi s first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr John Evans had never found the time or the money – to make the trip from his house near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital , he just could not refuse.Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales , al most made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. “There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings(1 shilling =1/20 pound) return from Swansea –too much I thought. All my money went to the family then, “ he said.During the next two days Mr Evans will be taken on a whistle – stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament(国会).The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. “ I don’t like the chair business –people will so think I am getting old,” he said.His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized – no alcohol, no cigarette and no angry. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel , he quipped,“ I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket. “78. It was reported that Mr Evans’s healthy long life was to a certain extent due to his _________.A.wine drinkingB. proper smokingC. mild temperD. sense of humor79. Which of the following statements is true?A. A single trip from Mr Evans’s house to the White City use d to be ten shillings.B.The first place for Mr Evans to visit is the Houses of Parliament.C.He appreciated people’s arrangement of a wheelchair during his visitD.Mr Evans once made the journey to London at the end of the century.80. The word “quip” in the last sentence most probably means________.A. to make a witty remarkB. to express a happy messageC. to make a wishD. to tell a joke81. What might be the best title for this passage?A. 110-year-old TouristB. Secret for Long and Healthy LifeC. Free Return TicketD. Sightseeing in LondonDWhen we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. we don’t stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.We make use of stereotypes(刻板的模式) as convenient ways to make quick judgements about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate, and they can often be dangerous wrong, but they are used regularly.The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit outcommunication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes , and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions(区分), clothes hairstyles, people’s pronunciation and the number of speaking are all clues to our social group class distinction tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.82. People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because _________.A. they do not wish to talk to other peopleB. everyone else is expressionlessC. the environment is already familiar to themD. there is too much information to take in83.According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they_________.A.are likely to lead us into dangerous situationB.may make us miss some pleasant experienceC.can rarely be relied onD. make us mentally lazy84. From the passage m\we may conclude that _____________.A.stereotypes can help to understand people fully.B.people are becoming more interested in fashionC.dressing can send messages about individualsD.stereotypes can do more harm than good to people85. It would appear that in England, a person’s class _______________.A.might be less important in making friends in a cityB.is mainly determined by his pronunciationC.plays less of a role than it did in the past.D.is something that can be changed easily2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试题第二卷（共40分）I Translation (15 points)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大。

2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题上海卷高考语文试题2014-09-02 08:562001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题上海卷一、阅读(80分)(一)阅读下文，解答第l一5题。

(12分)①假山实在算不得一件好看的东西。

乱石块堆叠起来，高高低低，凹凹凸凸，□□说天下决没有这样的山，□说阳光照在上面，明一块，暗一块，支离破碎，看去总觉得不顺眼。

玄墓山下有一景，叫做“真假山”，是山脚露出一些石块，有洞穴，有皱襞，宛如用湖石堆成的一般。

然而合着玄墓山一起看，这反而成为一个破绽，跟全山的调子不协调。

可观的“真假山”，依我的浅见，要算太湖中洞庭西山的石公山了。

那里全山是湖石，洞穴和皱襞俯拾即是，可是浑然一气。

又有几十丈高的峰壁，比虎丘“千人石”大得多的石滩，真当得上“雄奇”二字。

看了石公山再来看花园里的假山，只觉得是不知哪一个石匠把他的石料寄存在这里罢了。

②假山上大都种树木，盖亭子。

往往整个假山都在树木的荫蔽之下，而株数并不多，少的简直只有一株。

亭子里总得摆一张石桌，可以围坐几个人，一座亭子镇压着整个所谓“山峰”也是常有的事。

这就显得非常不相称。

你着眼在山一方面，树木和亭子未免太大了，如果着眼在树木和亭子一方面，山又未免小得可笑了。

《浮生六记》里的《闲情记趣》开头说：“留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟，使其冲烟飞鸣，作青云白鹤观，果如鹤唳云端，怡然称快。

于土墙凹凸处，花台小草丛杂处，常蹲其身，使与台齐，定神细观。

以丛草为林，以虫蚁为兽，以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑，神游其中，怡然自得。

”这不失为很好的幻想。

所以能“怡然称快”，“怡然自得”，在乎比拟得相称。

假若在蚊帐中“徐喷以烟”而捕一只麻雀来让它逃来逃去，或者以丛草为树林，而让一只猫蹲在丛草之上，这就凝不成“青云白鹤”和“林壑幽深”的幻想，也就无从“怡然”了。

假山上长着大树，盖着亭子，情形正跟上面所说的相类。

不相称的东西硬凑在一起，只使人觉得是大树长在乱石堆上，亭子盖在乱石堆上而已。

2001年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）综合能力测试试卷（理科使用）八．许多化学反应在溶液中进行，下面的问题均与溶液或溶液中的反应有关。

18．某雨水样品刚采集时测得pH值为4.82，放在烧坏中经2小时后，再次测得pH值为4.68。

以下叙述正确的是A 雨水样品酸度逐渐减小B 雨水样品酸度没有变化C 雨水样品继续吸收空气中的CO2D 雨水样品中的H2SO3逐渐被空气中的氧气氧化成H2SO419．重金属离子有毒性。

实验室有甲、乙两种废液，均有一定毒性。

甲废液经化验呈碱性，主要有毒离子为Ba2＋离子，如将甲、乙两废液按一定比例混合，毒性明显降低。

乙废液中可能含有的离子是A Cu2＋和SO42－B Cu2＋和Cl－C K＋和SO42－D Ag＋和NO3－20．某制药厂尾气中含少量SO2气体，一般用NaOH溶液或氨水吸收，以防污染环境。

分别用0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液或同浓度的氨水处理相同量的尾气，两种方法所需吸收液的体积关系是A NaOH溶液的体积大于氨水B NaOH溶液的体积等于氨水C NaOH溶液的体积小于氨水D 无法判断21．金属加工后的废切削液中含2～5%的NaNO2，它是一种环境污染物。

人们用NH4Cl 溶液来处理此废切削液，使NaNO2转化为无毒物质。

该反应分两步进行：第一步：NaNO2＋NH4Cl→NaCl＋NH4NO2第二步：NH4NO2N2↑＋2H2O列对第二步反应的叙述中正确的是①NH4NO2是氧化剂②NH4NO2是还原剂③NH4NO2发生了分解反应④只有氮元素的化合价发生了变化⑤NH4NO2既是氧化剂又是还原剂A ①③B ①④C ②③④D ③④⑤29．图为一定量饱和Ca(OH)2溶液中通入二氧化碳气体后，产生CaCO3白色沉淀的质量与二氧化碳体积之间的关系曲线。

试回答：OA段曲线和AB段曲线所表示的反应方程式是OA：AB：A点时已参加反应的CO2和Ca(OH)2的物质的量之比为1比。

2001年普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海）政治试卷一、单项选择题1、上海市规模最大的水环境治理工程---苏州河综合整治取得显著成绩，对消除苏州河黑臭、改善城市地环境起到积极作用。

这是上海市政府行使( )A、维护社会稳定的职能B、组织社会公共服务的职能C、处理人民内部矛盾的职能D、直接管理社会经济的职能2、最近，英国工党在议会选举中获胜，工党领袖布莱尔提请英女王宣布其连任英国首相。

可见英国的政体是( )A、议会共和制B、议会君主制C、君主专制制D、总统制3、今年沈阳市人大会议否决了市中级人民法院的工作报告。

有媒体认为这在中国各级人大会议的历史上还是第一次。

沈阳市人大行使的是( )A、立法权B、任免权C、监督权D、决定权4、在过去的一年中，全国人大及其常委会共审议法律草案26件，其中通过13件；审议并通过有关法律问题的决定2件、法律解释1件；批准同国外缔结的条约14件，大大加快了我国法制建设的进程。

这表明社会主义建设的根本前提是( )A、有法可依B、有法必依C、执法必严D、违法必究5、我国宪法第33条规定：“任何公民享有宪法和法律规定的权利，同时必须履行宪法和法律的义务。

”宪法这一规定表明( )A、公民的权利等同于义务B、公民先享有权利后履行义务C、公民有选择义务的权利D、公民的权利和义务相辅相成，不可分离6、上海市政府近年来加大在城市道路建设上的支出，城市面貌日新月异，公去年一年上海市地图就更新了20多次。

市政府用于城市道路上的投资属于( )A、积累基金B、补偿基金C、社会消费基金D、社会保障基金7、上海市政府为切实解决最低收入家庭住房困难，决定扩大“廉租房”试点。

这一措施的主要目的是( )A、刺激房地产市场B、推进住房分配货币化C、完善社会保障体系D、补偿因意外事故所造成的经济损失8、VCD机刚上市时价格较高，近年来价格大幅下降。

出现这种现象的主要原因是( )A、人民消费水平提高B、VCD机质量下降C、国家打击盗版VCD碟片D、VCD机所包含的价值量下降9、我国粮食产量逐年提高，出现供过于求的状况，国家以保护价敞开收购农民余粮。

2001年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（上海卷）本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（共110分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections：In Part A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers in your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a library. B.In a theater.C.In a cinema.D.In a classroom.2.A.40. B.30. C.20. D.10.3.A.Take a long walk. B.Take a good rest.C.Read a love story.D.Catch up with her work.4.A.The woman. B.The man.C.The wo man’s mother.D.The baker.5.A.Doctor and nurse. B.Cashier and customer.C.Dentist and patient.D.Conductor and passenger.6.A.8:45. B.9:00. C.9:15. D.9:30.7.A.A best writer. B.A recent book.C.A good sailor.D.A new record.8.A.He’s a carpenter. B.He’s a doctor.C.He’s an electrician.D.He’s an editor.9.A.Borrow a book. B.Write a book.C.Translate a book.D.Buy a book.10.A.She is not sure what’s happened to George.B.She doesn’t want to talk about George.C.George is always late for meetings.D.It’s difficult to understand George’s behavior.Part B Longer ConversationsDirections：In Part B,you will hear two longer conversations.After each conversation,you will be asked two questions.The conversations will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation.11.A.the food in the West Lake is too expensive.B.Their own food will be cleaner.C.She wants more choices of food.D.They can have what they like.12.A.The scenery is more beautiful. B.The place is nearer.C.The transportation is free.D.The fields are better.Questions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation.13.A.Mental problem. B.Final examinations.C.Students’ friendship.D.Time arrangement.14.A.He has never heard of them.B.He doesn’t have the phone number.C.He can’t af ford the time.D.He can’t afford the service.Part C PassagesDirections：In Part C,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage.15.A.A special medical treatment.B.A driving licence without a bad record.C.An experience as a conductor.D.Five Weeks’ driving at a training school.16.A.She was strong enough to become a bus driver.B.The men drivers were kind to her.C.She was able to see more clearly on a bus.D.She passed the test the first time she took it.17.A.Worthwhile. B.Boring. C.Dangerous. D.Poorly paid.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18.A.Its variety. B.Its quality. C.Its price. D.Its taste.19.A.Inside the restaurants. B.Outside the restaurants.C.On the menu.D.Not mentioned.20.A.Coffee. B.Beer. C.Coke. D.Wine.Ⅱ.GrammarDirections：Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21.A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in_______leg.A.aB.oneC.theD.his22.Both teams were in hard training;_______was willing to lose the game.A.eitherB.neitherC.anotherD.the other23.As a result of destroying the forests,a large______of desert______covered the land.A.number…hasB.quantity…hasC.number…haveD.quantity…have24.The sunlight came in______the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.A.throughB.acrossC.onD.over25.________,I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.A.As long as I have traveledB.Now that I have traveled so muchC.Much as I have traveledD.As I have traveled so much26.In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go,______.A.our holiday will be betterB.our holiday will be the betterC.the better our holiday will beD.the better will our holiday be27.So difficult______it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A.I have feltB.have I feltC.I did feelD.did I feel28.Finding her car stolen,______.A.a policeman was asked to help.B.the area was searched thoroughlyC.it was looked for everywhereD.she hurried to a policeman for help29.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears_______everything.A.to tellB.to be toldC.to be tellingD.to have been told30.I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,_______?A.do IB.don’t IC.will theyD.won’t they31.I really appreciate______to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had timeB.having timeC.to have timeD.to having time32.In such dry weather,the flowers will have to be watered if they_______.A.have survivedB.are to surviveC.would surviveD.will survive33.In fact_______is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it34.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman________be so rude to a lady.A.mightB.needC.shouldD.wouldrmation has been put forward_______more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as36.As I know,there is_______car in this neighborhood.A.no suchB.no aC.not suchD.no such a37.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation_______he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why38.The bell______the end of the period rang,_______our heated discussion.A.indicating…interruptingB.indicated…interruptingC.indicating…interruptedD.indicated…interrupted39.Fishing is his favorite hobby,and_______.A.he’d like to collect coins as wellB.he feels like collecting coins ,tooC.to collect coins is also his hobbyD.collecting coins also gives him great pleasure40.What would have happened________,as far as the river bank?A.Bob had walked fartherB.if Bob should walk fartherC.had Bob walked fartherD.if Bob walked fartherⅢ.VocabularyDirections：Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.41.Alice trusts you;only you can______her to give up the foolish idea.A.suggestB.attractC.temptD.persuade42.Her brother_______to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.A.declaredB.threatenedC.warnedD.exclaimed43.In the botanic garden we can find a(n)______of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.A.speciesB.groupC.amountD.variety44.When climbing the hill John was knocked unconscious by an______rolling stone.A.untouchedB.unexpectedC.unfamiliarD.unbelievable45.Her son,to whom she was so_______,went abroad ten years ago.A.lovedB.caredC.devotedD.affected46.I don’t think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog______.A.correctlyB.properlyC.exactlyD.actively47.According to the new research gardening is a more_______exercise for older women than jogging or swimming.A.mentalB.physicalC.effectiveD.efficient48.—Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?—No,it’s out of______.A.rangeB.reachC.controlD.distance49.The life of London is made up of many different_______.A.elementsB.sectionsC.materialsD.realities50.I’m planning to hold a party in the open air,but I can make no guarantees because it_______the weather.A.links withB.depends onC.connects toD.decides onⅣ.ClozeDirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.（A）The 28-year-old had spent six years working nights while she gained her university degree during the day.When she finally graduated she had her eye on a teaching 51 at a nearby primary school.With the help of her friends,she had an interview with the Head.“I noticed a tiny hole in one of my stockings earlier,”she 52 .“I thought about changing them,but I knew I’d be late if I did.And by the time I got to the interview, 53 enormous.I walked in apologizing for not 54 .”The would-be teacher didn’t get the job.In fact one of her friends told her that the 55 only comment was:“If someone doesn’t take the time to present h er best 56 at an interview,what kind of 57 is she going to be?”First impressions are 58 ones.In other words,if you’re viewed positively within the critical（关键的）first four minutes,the person you’re met will59assume everything you do is positive.Leave the interviewer a bad impression,and often he will assume you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters.Worse,he or she may not take the time to give you a second 60 .Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves will care more about their jobs.51.A.profession B.position C.career D.occupation52.A.repeats B.reminds C.recalls D.responds53.A.I was B.he was C.it was D.they were54.A.looking at all B.looking at himC.looking roundD.looking my best55.A.Head’s B.student’sC.friend’sD.would-be teacher’s56.A.figure B.image C.aspect D.shape57.A.person B.worker C.graduate D.teachersting B.remaining C.continuing D.persisting59.A.rarely B.occasionally C.probably D.certainly60.A.job B.thought C.chance D.question（B）Many people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit.They sleep better and wake up feeling more 61 ,in part due to increased amounts of deep sleep.Deep sleep may play a role in the body restoring（恢复）itself 62 ,as opposed to REM（rapid eye movement）or dreaming sleep.Researchers have found that physical exercise,especially 63 in the afternoon or early evening,produces more 64 early in the night.65 can also help you get a better night’s sleep in a number of indirect w ays.The relaxation and tiredness 66 by exercise can improve sleep.Exercise encourages weight loss and also may 67 depression.Exercising later in the day can also help delay the 68 drop in your body’s temperature.The 69 of exercise are especially important for older people, 70exercise has been shown to increase the amount of sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep.But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours before bedtime—working out later than that could leave you too excited to fall asleep easily.61.A.conscious B.peaceful C.effective D.refreshed62.A.physically B.mentally C.emotionally D.regularly63.A.made B.done C.functioned D.conducted64.A.night’s sleep B.dreaming sleep C.deep sleep D.REM65.A.Exercise B.Dreams C.Researchers D.Doctors66.A.recovered B.strengthened C.caused D.reduced67.A.increase B.relieve C.release D.arouse68.A.nighttime B.daytime C.dinnertime D.lifetime69.A.disadvantages B.benefits C.ways D.places70.A.yet B.if C.when D.sinceⅤ.Reading ComprehensionDirections：Read the following passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）One evening after dinner，Mr. and Mrs. Tisich called a family meeting.“We’re had to make a difficult decision,”Mr.Tisich announced.“You see,your mother has been offered a post as codirector of a television station in Chicago.Unfortunately,the station is not here.After thinking long and hard about it,we’ve concluded that the right decision is to move to Chicago.”Marc looked shocked,while his sister Rachel breathlessly sta rted asking when they’d be moving.“It’s surprising,but exciting!”she said.Marc simply said,“We can’t go —I can’t leave all my friends.I’d rather stay here and live with Tommy Lyons!”The Tisichs hoped that by the time they moved in August,Marc would grow more accustomed to the idea of leaving.However,he showed no signs of accepting the news,refusing to pack his belongings.When the morning of the move arrived,Marc was nowhere to be found.His parents called Tommy Lyons’s house,but Mrs. Lyons said she hadn’t seen Marc. Mrs. Tisich became increasingly concerned,while her husband felt angry with their son for behaving so irresponsibly.What they didn’t know was that Marc had started walking over to Tommy’s house,with a faint idea of hiding in the Lyons’s attic（阁楼）for a few days.But something happened on the way as Marc walked past all the familiar landscape of the neighborhood：the fence that he and his mother painted,the tree that he and his sister used to climb,the park where he and his father often took evening walks together.How much would these mean without his family,who make them special in the first place?Marc didn’t take the time to answer that question but instead hurried back to his house,wondering if there were any moving cartons（纸板箱）the right size to hold his record collection.71.The conflict in this story was caused by______.A.Marc and Rachel’s different tempersB.a quarrel between Tommy Lyons and MarcC.Marc’s disagreement with his parents about their moveD.Mr. and Mrs. Tisich’s remark of Marc’s irresponsibility72.Marc and Rachel’s reactions to the move were similar in the way that both were______.A.surprisedB.angry and upsetC.anxious for more detailsD.worried about packing73.The reason for Marc’s going home was that_______.A.he did not want to be left behindB.he realized his family was essential to himC.he hoped to reach an agreement with his parentsD.he wished to be a more responsible person74.What would most likely happen next?A.Marc would bring his records over to the Lyons’s house.B.Mr. and Mrs. Tisich would call the police.C.Marc would join his family for house moving.D.Mr. and Mrs. Tisich would start searching for Marc.（B）Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page.（YouAt the competition,Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.A.Definition 1B.Definition 2C.Definition 3D.Definition 476.Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?Doctors often speak in medical jargon.A.Definition 1B.Definition 2C.Definition 3D.Definition 477.What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?Don’t give me that jazz,for I am a practical person.A.rhythmic beatsB.a type of musicC.a kind of danceD.meaningless talk（C）Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or the money —to make the trip from his home near Swansea.But,when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital,he just could not refuse.Until yesterday he had never been far from home,except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr. Evans,who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales,almost made the journey to London once before,at the trun of the century.“There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings（1 shilling=1/20 pound）return from Swansea —too much I thought.All my money went to the family then,”he said.During the next two days Mr. Evans will be taken on a whistle-stop tour of London to see the sights.Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament（国会）.The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired.“I don’t like the chair business —people will so think I am getting old,”he said.His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized —no alcohol,no cigarette and no anger. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped,“I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket.”78.It was reported that Mr. Evans’s healthy long life was to a certain extent due to his______.A.wine drinkingB.proper smokingd temperD.sense of humor79.Which of the following statements is true?A.A single trip from Mr. Evans’s home to the White City used to be ten shillings.B.The first place for Mr. Evans to visit is the Houses of Parliament.C.He appreciated people’s arrangement of a wheelchair during his visit.D.Mr. Evans once made the journey to London at the turn of the century.80.The word“quip”in the last sentence most probably means______.A.to make a witty remarkB.to express a happy messageC.to make a wishD.to tell a joke81.What might be the best title for this passage?A.110-Year-Old TouristB.Secret for Long and Healthy LifeC.Free Return TicketD.Sightseeing in London（D）When we walk through the city , we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don’t stop , we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead , and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.We make use of stereotypes（刻板的模式）as convenient ways to make quick judgements about situations and people around us.They may not always be accurate,and they can often be dangerously wrong,but they are used regularly.The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience.By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication.We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.In the city,styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation.Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized.It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes,and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly,and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.In England,where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions（区分）,clothes,hairstyles,people’s pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group.Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed,although in the city where greater variety is permitted,they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.82.People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because______.A.they do not wish to talk to other peopleB.everyone else is expressionlessC.the environment is already familiar to themD.there is too much information to take in83.According to the passage,the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they______.A.are likely to lead us into dangerous situationsB.may make us miss some pleasant experienceC.can rarely be relied onD.make us mentally lazy84.From the passage we may conclude that______.A.stereotypes can help to understand people fullyB.people are becoming more interested in fashionC.dressing can send messages about individualsD.stereotypes can do more harm than good to people85.It would appear that in England,a person’s class______.A.might be less important in making friends in a cityB.is mainly determined by his pronunciationC.plays less of a role than it did in the pastD.is something that can be changed easily第Ⅱ卷（共40分）Ⅰ. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.1.我们的祖国从来没有象今天这样强大。

2001年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）综合能力测试试卷（理科使用）第Ⅰ卷（共75分）九．苏云金杆菌是一种对昆虫有致病作用的细菌，其杀虫活性物质主要是一类伴孢晶体蛋白。

某亚种苏云金杆菌产生的伴孢晶体蛋白含两条多肽链，共由126个氨基酸组成，经昆虫肠液消化成毒性肽。

22．该伴孢晶体蛋白中含有的肽键数是A 123B 124C 125D 12623．伴抱晶体蛋白消化成毒性肽所需的消化酶是A 麦芽糖酶B 淀粉酶C 蛋白酶D 脂肪酶第Ⅱ卷（共75分）十三．（本题10分）请根据“生物体结构与功能相适应”、“生物体与环境相适应”的基本思想分析：30．小肠粘膜具有环状皱壁、绒毛和微绒毛，有利于养料；陆生植物根毛细胞具有较大的，有利于渗透吸水；北极狐耳部较短而圆，吻部不尖旦短，有利于减少的散失。

31．为改善上海的生态环境，市政府在外环线道路外侧建设一条宽度至少为500米；环绕整个上海市区的大型绿化带。

环城绿带一期工程已初具规模，如图为某林带的照片。

为使建成的该林带生态结构趋于合理，功能趋于完善，你有什么建议并简要说明理由。

十七．（本题21分）人从哪里来？往哪里去？这是人类永恒的话题……44．生命是如何产生的？米勒曾将水、氨气、甲烷、氢气放在密闭的容器中用电炉加热，同时模拟原始地球电闪雷鸣条件，对其进行长时间放电，最终发现在容器中有简单的氨基酸等有机小分子生成。

氨基酸可进一步生成。

这个实验模拟了的基础物质的形成。

地球生命在外观上千姿百态，但在微观上则基本一致。

从微生物到人，遗传物质都是，它能在细胞分裂和繁殖过程中正确地，保证了生命的延续性。

2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（听力占20%）英语第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以真入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child_________he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

21. ---Good morning, Grand Hotel.---Hello, I’d like to book a room fro the nights of the 18th and 19th.---_________A. What can I do for you?B. Just a minute, please.C. What’s the matter? C. At your service.22. The film brought th ehours back to me_________ I was taken good care of in that far-awayvillage.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where23. As we joined the big crowd I got_________from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed24. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_________sorapidly.A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change25. The Parkers bought a new house but_________will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. theyB. itC. oneD. which26. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _________very well.A. worked outB. tried outC. went onD. carried on27. The home improvements have taken what little there is_________my spare time.A. fromB. inC. ofD. （见备注）28. It is generally believed that reaching is_________it is a science.A. an art much asB. much an art asC. as an art much asD. as much an art as29. The warmth of_________sweater will of course be determined by the sort of_________woolused.A. the; theB. the;/C. /; theD. /; /30. I _________ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since th enew year.A. will playB. have playedC. playedD. play31. A computer can only do_________you have instructed it to do.A. howB. afterC. whatD. when32. V isitors_________not to touch the exhibits.A. will requestB. request .C. are requestiongD. are requested33. I was really anxious about you. Y ou_________home without a word.A. mustn’t leaveB. shouldn’t have leftC. couldn’t have leftD. needn’t leave34. _________is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. itB. AsC. ThatD. What35. _________such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having sufferedB. SufferingC. To sufferD. Suffered第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后人36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。

2001年全国普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理（上海卷）物理〔上海卷〕考生注意：1．答卷前，考生分必将姓名、高考座位号、校验码等填写清晰。

素2．本试卷共8页，23题，总分值150分．考试时刻120分钟。

请考生用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直截了当写在试卷上。

3．第19、20、21、22、23题要求写出必要的文字讲明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。

只写出最后答案，而未写出要紧演算过程的，不能得分。

有数字运算的咨询题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。

第一卷〔选择题共40分〕－、〔40分〕选择题，本大题共8小题，每题5分，每题给出的四个答案中，至少有一个是正确的，把正确答案全选出来，并将正确答案前面的字母填写在题后的方括号内，每题全选对的得5分；选对但不全，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得0分。

填写在方括号外的字母，不作为选出的答案。

1．跳伞运动员在刚跳离飞机、其降落伞尚未打开的一段时刻内，以下讲法中正确的选项是A．空气阻力做正功 B．重力势能增加C．动能增加 D.空气阻力做负功．2．卢瑟福原子核式结构理论的要紧内容有A．原子的中心有个核，叫做原子核B．原子的正电荷平均分布在整个原子中C．原子的全部正电荷和几乎全部质量都集中在原子核里D．带负电的电子在校外绕着核旋转3．A、B两点各放有电量为十Q和十2Q的点电荷，A、 B、C、D四点在同一直线上，且AC ＝CD＝DB．将一正电荷从C点沿直线移到D点，那么A．电场力一直做正功 B．电场力先做正功再做负功B．电场力一直做负功 D．电场力先做负功再做正功4．组成星球的物质是靠引力吸引在一起的，如此的星球有一个最大的自转速率．假如超过了该速率，星球的万有引力将不足以坚持其赤道邻近的物体做圆周运动。

由此能得到半径为R、密度为ρ、质量为M且平均分布的星球的最小自转周期T。

以下表达式中正确的选项是A．T＝2π B．T＝2πC．T＝ D．T＝5．如下图，有两根和水平方向成。

角的光滑平行的金属轨道，上端接有可变电阻R，下端足够长，空间有垂直于轨道平面的匀强磁场，磁感强度为及一根质量为m的金属杆从轨道上由静止滑下。

2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学（理工类）（上海卷）考生注意：1. 答案前，考生务必将姓名、高考座位号、校验码等填写清楚。

2. 本试卷共有22道试题，满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

请考生用钢笔或圆珠笔答案直接写在试卷上。

一、填空题（本大题满分48分）本大题共有12题，只要求直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分。

（1） 设函数,),1(,log ]1,(,2)(81⎩⎨⎧+∞∈-∞∈=-x x x x f x 则满足41)(=x f 的x 值为 . （2） 设数列｛a n ｝的通项为a n =2n -7 (n ∈N )，则|a 1|+|a 2|+……+|a 15|= .（3）设P 为双曲线1422=-y x 上一动点，O 为坐标原点，M 为线段OP 的中点，则点M 的轨迹方程是 .（4）设集合},02cos|{},),158lg(lg 2|{R x x x B R x x x x A ∈>=∈-==，则A ∩B 的元素个数为 个.（5）抛物线x 2－4y －3=0的焦点坐标为 .（6）设数列｛a n ｝是公比q >0的等比数列，S n 是它的前n 项和，若7lim =∞→n n S ，则此数列的首项a 1的取值范围是 .（7）某餐厅供应客饭，每位顾客可以在餐厅提供的菜肴中任选2荤2素共4种不同的品种。

现在餐厅准备了5种不同的荤菜，若要保证每位顾客有200种以上的不同选择，则餐厅至少还需准备不同的素菜品种 种。

（结果用数值表示）（8）在代表式的展开式522)11)(524(x x x +--中，常数项为 . （9）设x =sin α，且]65,6[ππα-∈，则arccos x 的取值范围是 。

（10） 直线212-=x y 与曲线⎩⎨⎧==ϕϕ2cos sin y x （φ为参数）的交点坐标是 。

（11）已知两个圆：122=+y x ①与1)3(22=-+y x ②，则由①式减去②式可得上述两圆的对称轴方程。

2001年普通高校招生全国统一考试上海卷历史试题参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷（60分）1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．D 16．B 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．D第Ⅱ卷（90分）第Ⅱ卷均为供答型试题，旨在考查学生对所学知识的理解、运用能力及思维品质。

因此，对考生答案的评分，不必拘泥答案要点的文字表达，只要其意思与评分要点相符即可。

为了贯彻创新精神和语言文字能力在考查中“有所体现”的要求，特规定：(一)凡符合题旨且有创意的答案（指超出教材的要求）；(二)凡卷面整洁、思路清晰、文字通顺者，经本学科阅卷负责人核定，一题可加1～2分。

但每一题型的总分不得超过。

28．原始社会遗址名称、位置（1分）；特点（2分）；历史意义（1分）。

如：北京人、位置正确（1分）生活在距今40～50万年前；使用并能保留火种；过着极其艰苦的群居生活；出土了丰富的文化遗存（任答2点，每点1分）。

首次以事实说明中国是人类文明的发源地之一（或中国人种自生说）（1分）。

29．明朝。

（或张居正推行一条鞭法）（1分）；原因：商品经济的发展（1分）；农民人身依附关系有所削弱（1分）；影响：促进了货币地租的产生（1分）和部分农产品商品化（1分）。

30．原因：清朝文字狱（或文网严密）（1分）。

后果：禁锢了思想（1分）；阻碍了学术的发展（1分）；使社会闭塞，影响了社会的进步（1分）；（如答中西文化交往断绝，乾嘉考证一枝独秀等也可各给1分）31．法国：长期的内外战争，政局动荡不安（1分）；雅各宾派的恐怖统治和经济政策（1分）；小农经济占优势（或科技并没有转化为生产力）（1分）。

英国：资产阶级统治的确立，政局稳定（1分）；圈地运动和殖民掠夺扩大了资本的原始积累。

工人技术水平较高。

海外市场扩大（任答1点，1分）；工业革命首先开始并顺利完成（1分）。