四级巅峰预测试题一

四级预测试卷（第⼀套）试题及答案解析四级预测试卷（第⼀套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of parents’ trying to meet all thedemands from their children and then explain the harm by doing so. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words._____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation andthe questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) It’s tedious. C) It’s justifiable.B) It’s absurd. D) It’s understandable.2. A) Jazz. C) Classical music.B) Rock and roll. D) Country music.3. A) She was afraid of the professor.B) She lost her key and couldn’t enter her house.C) She didn’t make full preparations for her lessons.D) She was blamed by the professor for her carelessness.4. A) She is a little tired. C) She wants to listen to the music.B) She is going to study in the library. D) She is going to make a reservation.5. A) Not to wait for him. C) To get her report back.B) To clean up her room. D) Not to fetch the raincoat.6. A) Two. B) Four. C) Eight. D) Twelve.7. A) He is a rather tedious person. C) He doesn’t have a healthy diet.B) He has just left the hospital. D) He is a better cook than the woman.8. A) The train is late. C) The train is crowded.B) The train is empty. D) The train is on time.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Get a traveler’s check. C) Ask the man for financial advice.B) Draw a large amount of money. D) Open some bank accounts.10. A) Daily expenses. C) Holidays and travel expenses.B) Big expenses. D) Education fee.11. A) Her ID card and passport. C) Her social security number.B) Her personal references. D) Her cover letter.12. A) A salesman. C) A bank clerk.B) A real estate agent. D) A consultant.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) A recording artist. C) A student.B) A French teacher. D) A teaching assistant.14. A) It needs more French lesson tapes.B) It needs to have its controls repaired.C) It is different from all the other laboratories.D) It can be operated rather easily.15. A) Change her class schedule. C) Organise tapes on the shelves.B) Fill out a job application form. D) Work on the French lessons.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) She had run a long way. C) She had done a lot of work.B) She felt hot in the subway. D) She had donated blood the night before.17. A) By lifting her to the platform. C) By pulling her along the ground.B) By helping her rise to her feet. D) By dragging her away from the edge.18. A) When the train was leaving.B) After she was back on the platform.C) After the police and fire officials came.D) When a man was cleaning the blood from her head.19. A) They would miss their train. C) She was sure Lisa was hard to lift.B) He didn’t see the train coming.D) She was afraid the train would kill him.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) In Suva. C) On the island of Vatoa.B) In Sydney. D) On the island of Viti Levu.21. A) Its comfortable hotels. C) Its exciting football matches.B) Its good weather all year round. D) Its religious beliefs.22. A) They invented “Fiji time” for visitors.B) They stick to a traditional way of life.C) They like to travel from place to place.D) They love taking adventures abroad.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Staying on the farm. C) Moving to the countryside.B) Leaving home for the city. D) Running away from the school.24. A) He is very old now. C) He lives in the city now.B) He is in good health. D) He prefers driving a car.25. A) Describe his life in the countryside. C) Show an interest in the outside world.B) Persuade people to live in the city. D) Express his opinions about way of life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you arerequired to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is readfor the third time, you should check what you have written.Thirty years ago, anyone blaming loneliness for physical illness would have been laughed at. But as scientistsstudied different populations, loneliness kept emerging as a risk factor. In one study, California researchers 26. ________ 4, 700 residents of Alameda County for ten years, starting in 1965. At first, the participants reported their key sources of companionship and estimated the time they 27. ________ each other. During the study, the people who reported the least social 28. ________ died at nearly three times the rate of those reporting the most. The source of companionship didn’t matter, but time spent with others was 29. ________. Since then, researchers have studied men, women, soldiers, and students from countries all over the world. And the same pattern keeps 30. ________. Women who say they feel isolated go on to die of cancer at several times the 31. ________ rate. College students who report “strained and cold” relationships with their parents suffer 32. ________ rates of hypertension (⾼⾎压) and heart disease decades later. Heart-attack survivors who happen to live by themselves die at twice the rate of those who live with others. For those of us who are still healthy, the lesson should be obvious. It’s clear that 33. ________ others can help our bodies thrive. It’s equally clear that we’re growing more isolated. In 1900, only 5% of US households 34. ________ one person living alone. The 35. ________ reached 13% in 1960, and it stands at 25% today.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefullybefore making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Managers need to find ways to give their employees a lift to improve their morale(⼠⽓). That’s where team-building exercises and other spiritual encouragement can come into 36 . The theory is that a trust-building game, a wilderness adventure, a cooking class or even full-contact chocolate bingo (宾果游戏) — yes, it exists —will help 37 teamwork, bring cheer and thus encourage everyone to work harder and better together.Yes, promoting teamwork is 38 . Getting everyone together for a shared activity can improve team spirit. But, too often, formal team-building programs 39 only minor, short-lived improvements in encouragement or performance.Still, employers do need to support teamwork, 40 in bad climate. The 41 news is that what works is often fairly simple and inexpensive. The key to improving morale, several experts said, is understanding what 42 to your workers.Curbing executive perks(津贴) and salaries can also go a long way toward building morale, according to Professor Kets de Vries. It is 43 unlikely that workers of car factories got much of a lift watching their industry’s top executives take private jets to Washington in November to ask for financial aid. “If you get paid 500 times what the 44 worker is paid, that is ridiculous,”Professor Kets de Vries said. “Don’t be 45 . Great organizations are team-based.”Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the informationis derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Shirley Temple: A walk on the bright sideA) There had to be a dark side to Shir ley Temple’s life. Biographers and interviewers scrabbled around to find it. Theadorable dancing, singing, curly-haired moppet (⼩⼥孩), the world’s top-earning star from 1935 to 1938, surely shed tears once the cameras were off. Her little feet surely ached. Perhaps, like the heroine of “Curly Top”, she was marched upstairs to bed afterwards by some thin-lipped harridan (恶妇), and the lights turned resolutely off.B) Not a bit of it. She loved it all, both then and years later, when the cuteness had gone but the dimples (酒窝)remained. Hadn’t her mother pushed her into it? No, just encouraged her, and wrapped her round with affection, including fixing her 56 ringlets every night and gently making her repeat her next day’s lines until sleep crept up on her. Hadn’t she been punished cruelly while making her “Baby Burlesks”, when she was three? Well, she had been sent several times to the punishment box, which was dark and had only a block of ice to sit on. But that taught her discipline so that, by the age of four, she would “always hit the mark”— and, by the age of six, be able to match the great Bill “Bojangles” Robinson tap-for-tap down the grand staircase in “The Little Colonel”. C) To some it seemed a stolen childhood, with eight feature films to her name in 1934, her breakthrough year, alone.Not to her, when Twentieth-Century Fox (born out of struggling Fox Studios that year on her glittering name alone) built her a little bungalow (平房) on the lot, with a rabbit pen and a swing in a tree. She had a bodyguard and a secretary, who by 1934 had to answer 4,000 fan-letters a week. But whenever she wanted to be a tomboy, she was. In the presidential garden at Hyde Park she hit Eleanor Roosevelt on the bottom with her catapult (弹⼸), for which her father spanked her.D) The studios were full of friends: Orson Welles, with whom she played croquet, Gary Cooper, who did colouringwith her, and the kind camera crews. She loved the strong hands that passed her round like a mascot (吉祥物), and the soft laps on which she was p lumped down (J. Edgar Hoover’s being the softest). The miniature (微型) costumes thrilled her, especially her sailor outfit in “Captain January”, in which she could sashay (神⽓活现地⾛) and jump even better; as did her miniature Oscar in 1935, the only one ever awarded to somebody so young.Grouchy Graham Greene mocked her as “a complete totsy”, but no one watching her five different expressions while eating a forkful of spinach in “Poor Little Rich Girl” doubted that she could act. She did pathos and fierce determination (jutting out thatlittle chin!), just as well as she did smiles.E) Her face was on the Wheaties box. It was also on the special Wheaties blue bowl and pitcher, greeting people atbreakfast like a ray of morning sunshine. Advertisers adored her, from General Electric to Lux soap to Packard cars. After “Stand up and Cheer!” in 1934 dolls appeared wearing her polka-dot dress, and after “Bright Eyes”the music for “The Good Ship Lollipop” was on every piano, as well as everyone’s brains: “Where bon-bons play/ On the sunny beach of Peppermint Bay.”F) Her parents did not tell her there was a Depression on. They mentioned only good things to her. FranklinRoosevelt declared more than once that “America’s Little Darling” made the country feel better, and that pleased her, because she loved to make people happy. She had no idea why they should be otherwise. Her films were all about the sweet child bringing grown-ups back together, emptying misers’ pockets and melting frozen hearts.Like the dog star Rin Tin Tin, to whom she cheerfully compared herself, she was the bounding, unwitting antidote (抵消不愉快事物的事物) to the bleakness of the times.A toss of curlsG) She was as vague about money as any child would, and should, be. Her earnings by 1935 were more than $1,000(now $17,000) a week—from which she was allowed about $13 a month in pocket money—and by the end of her career had sailed past $3m (now $29m). But when she found out later that her father had taken bad financial advice, and that only $44,000 was left in the trusts, she did not blame him. She remembered the motto about spilt milk, and got on with her life.H) Things appeared to dive sharply after 1939, when her teenage face—the darker, straighter hair, the troubledlook—failed to be a box-office draw. She missed the lead in “The Wizard of Oz”, too. She shrugged it off; it meant she could go to a proper school for the first time, at Westlake, which was just as exciting as making movies. By 1950 she had stopped making films altogether; well, it was time. She couldn’t do innocence any more, and that was what the world still wanted. Her first husband was a drunk and a disaster, but the marriage brought her “something beautiful”, her daughter Susan. The second marriage, anyway, lasted 55 years. She lost a race for Congress in 1967: but when that door closed another opened, as an ambassador to Ghana and Czechoslovakia. Breast cancer was a low point, but she learned to cope with it, and helped others to cope. “I don’t like to do negatives,” she told Michael Parkinson. “There are always pluses to things.”I) In the films, her sparkling eyes and chubby (胖乎乎的) open arms included everyone; one toss of her shiny curlswas an invitation to fun. Her trademark was, it turned out, that rare thing in the world, and rarer still in Hollywood: a genuine smile of delight.46. Making movies didn’t deprive Shirley Tem ple of a happy childhood.47. Shirley Temple didn’t blame her father for the huge loss of money she earned.48. Franklin Roosevelt said Shirley Temple helped the US through the Depression.49. After a failed marriage, Shirley Temple had a successful second marriage that lasted 55 years.50. Many companies chose young Shirley Temple as their advertising spokesperson.51. From 1935 to 1938, Shirley Temple was the highest-earning movie star in the world.52. A genuine smile of light is a distinctive characteristic of Shirley Temple.53. Shirley Temple was the only child star who was given a miniature Oscar.54. Three-year-old Shirley Temple learned to control her behaviour after being punished several times.55. Shirley Temple tried to stay positive while overcoming breast cancer.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.We know that some people are dealt a genetically more difficult hand when it comes to obesity, as studies have shown that genes play a role in how we process high-fat and high-sugar diets. Now it’s time to cross fried foods off that list, if you haven’t already.Of course, fried food isn’t good for anyone’s health. But a new study published in the journal BMJ found that eating fried food interacts with genes associated with obesity and can double one’s risk for becoming obese.The researchers studied 37,000 men and women, and had them fill out questionnaires that asked how often they consumed fr ied food. They also assessed the participants’ genetic risk based on 32 different gene variants known to be related to body mass index (BMI) and obesity. Participants who had the highest genetic score for obesity and ate fried foods four or more times a week had a BMI around two pounds greater than those who ate fried foods once a week. But for people with the lowest genetic scores, the differences were closer to one pound. Eating fried food more than four times a week had twice the effect on the body for people at the greatest genetic risk for obesity.But not being genetically predisposed (预先有倾向的) to obesity hardly makes one immune. Another recent study published in BMJ reports that people who are exposed to a lot of takeaway restaurants around their homes or work are more likely to consume those foods, and subsequently more likely to be obese. Other research has shown that food deserts — places where fresh food is hard to come by — contribute to the obesity epidemic as well.“This work provides formal proof of interaction between a combined genetic risk score and environment in obesity,” Ale xandra Blakemore and Dr. Jessica Buxton, professors at Imperial College London wrote in a corresponding editorial. But they’re not exactly hopeful that this knowledge will made a difference. The results “are unlikely to influence public health advice,” they write, “since most of us should be eating fried food more sparingly anyway.”56. What does the author mean by saying “some people are dealt a genetically more difficult hand when it comes to obesity”?A) Some people genetically like high-fat diets.B) Genes play a role in obesity.C) Genes affect the digestive system.D) Some people feel difficult to become obese.57. What do we know about the study published in the journal BMJ?A) It discovered 32 different gene variants related to body mass index.B) The participants studied by the researchers have high genetic risk for obesity.C) It showed the higher genetic risk for obesity people have, the more fried food they consume.D) It studied the relationship between fried food and people’s genetic risk for obesity.58. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A) It is much more harmful for people at the greatest genetic risk for obesity to eat fried foods than others.B) Those who are not genetically predisposed to obesity would have no harm to eat fried foods.C) The purpose of the study published in the journal BMJ is to find out how often people consume fried foods.D) People in draught and desert areas are more likely to consume fried foods.59. Which of the following is the factor that would lead to obesity?A) A lack of fried foods. C) Availability of fresh food.B) Genetic risk for obesity. D) Body mass index.60. What do Alexandra Blakemore and Dr. Jessica Buxton think about the studies’ findings?A) They are ridiculous. C) They have little influence.B) They are subjective. D) They are big breakthroughs.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Wild elephants can distinguish between human languages, and they can tell whether a voice comes from a man, woman or boy, a new study says. That’s what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya. Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown. It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t.The result shows that while humans are studying elephants, the clever animals are also studying people and drawing on their famed powers of memory, said study author Karen McComb.“Basically they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with,” said McComb, a professor of animal behaviour and cognition at the University of Sussex in England. “Memory is key. They must build up that knowledge s omehow.”The study was released Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.It’s close but not quite like the Dr. Seuss book, where the empathetic elephant Horton hears so mething that others can’t hear.McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya, where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans, sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water. The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men, who on occasion kill elephants in confrontations over grazing for cattle, and Kamba men, who are less of a threat to the elephants.By about a two-to-one margin, the elephants reacted defensively — retreating and gathering in a bunch — more to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe, said study co-author Graeme Shannon of Colour ado State University. “They are making such a fine-level discrimination usinghuman language skills,” Shannon said. “They’re able to acquire quite detailed knowledge. The only way of doing this is with an exceptionally large brain.”They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women. Since women almost never spear elephants, the animals reacted less to the women’s voices. The same thing happened when they substituted young boys’ voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable,” said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal, who was not part of the study.61. What can we know about the ability to distinguish between human languages?A) Scientists believe it is unique to humans.B) Animals have learnt such ability from humans.C) No animal except wild elephants have developed it.D) Studies show that wild animals are born with such ability.62. Which of the following is not true about the study mentioned in the passage?A) It shows wild elephants can hear something that others can’t hear.B) It was conducted in Amboseli National Park in Kenya.C) It involved playing recordings of people for wild elephants.D) It was made public in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.63. Who were the people taking part in the study?A) Frans de Waal and Karen McComb. C) Dr. Seuss and Graeme Shannon.B) Graeme Shannon and Frans de Waal. D) Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon.64. How did the elephants feel of young boys’ voices?A) They are extremely exciting. C) They are less threatening.B) They are very depressing. D) They are gentle and kind.65. What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability?A) Identifying and avoiding possible danger.B) Evolving much faster than any other animals.C) Having a better understanding of humans.D) Developing their language skills.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.莫⾔是第⼀位获得诺贝尔⽂学奖的中国籍作家。

四级考前冲刺试题一Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Is Offering Seats Compulsory for Young Passengers? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below.1. 有人认为公交车上年轻人必须给老人让座2. 有人认为年轻人没有义务给老人让座3. 你的看法_Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)Eat an Apple (Doctor’s Orders)The farm stand is becoming the new apothecary (药剂师), preparing and giving out apples — not to mention vegetables such as artichokes, asparagus and arugula — to fill a novel kind of prescription.Doctors at three health centers in Massachusetts have begun advising patients to eat “prescription produce” from local farmers’ markets, in an effort to fight o besity (when someone is very fat in a way that is unhealthy) in children of low-income families. Now they will give coupons (赠券) amounting to $1 a day for each member of a patient’s family to promote healthy meals.“A lot of these kids have a very limited range of fruits and vegetables that are acceptable and familiar to them. Potentially, they will try more,” said Dr. Suki Tep perberg, a family physician at Codman Square Health Center in Dorchester, one of the program sites. “The goal is to get them to increase their consumption of fruit and vegetables by one serving a day.”The effort may also help farmers’ markets compete with fast-food restaurants selling dollar value meals. Farmers’ markets do more than $1 billion in annual sales in the United States, according to the Agriculture Department.Massachusetts was one of the first states to promote these markets as hubs of preventive health. In the 1980s, for example, the state began issuing coupons for farmers’ markets to low-income women who were pregnant or breast-feeding or for young children at risk for malnutrition (营养不良). Thirty-six states now have such farmers’ market nutri tion programs aimed at women and young children.Thomas M. Menino, the mayor of Boston, said he believed the new children’s program, in which doctors write vegetable “prescriptions” to be filled at farmers’ markets, was the first of its kind. Doctors will track participants to determine how the program affects their eating patterns and to monitor health indicators like weight and body mass index, he said.“When I go to work in the morning, I see kids standing at the bus stop eating chips and drinking a sod a,” Mr. Menino said in a phone interview earlier this week. “I hope this will help them change their eating habits and lead to a healthier lifestyle.”The mayor’s attention to healthy eating dates to his days as a city councilman. Most recently he has appointed a well-known chef as a food policy director to promote local foods in public schools and to foster market gardens in the city.Although obesity is a complex problem unlikely to be solved just by eating more vegetables, supporters of the vegetable coupon program hope that physician intervention will spur young people to adopt the kind of behavioral changes that can help prevent lifelong obesity.Childhood obesity in the United States costs $14.1 billion annually in direct health expenses like prescription drugs and visits to doctors and emergency rooms, according to a recent article on the economics of childhood obesity published in the journal Health Affairs. Treating obesity-related illness in adults costs an estimated $147 billion annually, the article said.Although the vegetable prescription pilot project is small, its supporters see it as a model for encouraging obese children and their families to increase the volume and variety of fresh produce they eat.“Can we help people in low-income areas, who shop in the center of supermarkets for low-costempty-calorie food, to shop at farmers’ markets by making fruit and vegetables more affordable?” said Gus Schumacher, the chairman of Wholesome Wave, a nonprofit group in Bridgeport, Conn., that supports family farmers and community access to locally grown produce.If the pilot project is successful, Mr. Schumacher said, “farmers’ markets would become like a fruit and vegetable pharmacy (药房) for at-risk families.”The pilot project plans to enroll up to 50 families of four at three health centers in Massachusetts that already have specialized children’s programs called healthy weight clinics.A foundation called CAVU, for Ceiling and Visibility Unlimited, sponsors the clinics that are administering the vegetable project. The Massachusetts Department of Agriculture and Wholesome Wave each contributed $10,000 in seed money. (Another arm of the program, at several health centers in Maine, is giving fresh produce coupons to pregnant mothers.) The program i s to run until the end of the farmers’ market season in late fall.One month after Leslie-Ann Ogiste, a certified nursing assistant in Boston, and her 9-year-old son, Makael Constance, received their first vegetable prescription coupons at the Codman Center, they have lost a combined four pounds, she said. A staff member at the center told Ms. Ogiste about a farmers’ market that is five minutes from her apartment, she said.“It worked wonders,” said Ms. Ogiste, who bought and prepared eggplant, cucumbers,tomatoes, summer squash, corn, bok choy, parsley, carrots and red onions. “Just the variety, it did help.”Ms. Ogiste said she had minced some vegetables and used them in soup, pasta sauce and rice dishes —the better to disguise the new good-for-you foods that she served her son.Makael said he did not mind. “It’s really good,” he said.Some nutrition researchers said that the Massachusetts project had a good chance of improving eating habits in the short term. But, they added, a vegetable prescription program in isolation may not have a long-term influence on reducing obesity. Families may revert to their former habits in the winter when the farmers’ markets are closed, these researchers said, or they may not be able to afford fresh produce after the voucher program ends.Dr. Shikha Anand, the medical director of CAVU’s healthy weight initiative, said the group hoped to make the veggie prescription project a year-round program through partnerships with grocery stores.But people tend to overeat junk food in higher proportion than they undereat vegetables, said Dr. Deborah A. Cohen, a senior natural scientist at the RAND Corporation. So, unless people curtail (减少) excessive consumption of salty and sugary snacks, she said, behavioral changes like eating more fruit and vegetables will have limited effect on obesity.In a recent study led by Dr. Cohen, for example, people in southern Louisiana typically exceeded guidelines for eating salty and sugary foods by 120 percent in the course of a day while falling short of vegetable and fruit consumption by 20 percent.The weight clinics in Massachusetts chosen for the vegetable prescription test project already encourage families to cut down on unhealthy snacks.Even as Ms. Ogiste and her son started shopping a t the farmers’ market and eating more fresh produce, for example, they also cut back on junk food, she said.“We have stopped the snacks. We are drinking more water and less soda and less juice too,” Ms. Ogiste said. “All of that helped.”1. Dr. Suki Tepperberg suggested that many overweight children .A) have consumed too much meatB) dislike fruits and vegetables by natureC) mainly come from wealthy familiesD) will have more vegetables if provided2. Besides poor obese children, the veget able “prescription” program is also helpful for .A) doctors at the health centersB) farmers in the local marketC) restaurants serving fast foodD) manufactures providing concerned medicine3. In the new children’s program, what doctors n eed to do is .A) evaluating the effect of the program B) writing prescriptions at a farm standC) giving vegetable coupons to farmers D) developing novel medicine to fight obesity4. According to the phone interview, why did Thomas M. Menino su pport the current farmers’ marketnutrition programs?A) He hoped to promote local foods in the whole city.B) He wanted to change children’s unhealthy lifestyle.C) He was persuaded by his food policy director to do so.D) He had to fulfill his “healthy eating” promise made years ago.5. Some people support the vegetable coupon program because they think .A) eating more fruits and vegetables can solve the problem of obesityB) the program will encourage overweight children to take more exercisesC) it will save the patients a large amount of money on medical treatmentD) eating habits changed under doctors’ interventions will do patients good6. What do we know about Wholesome Wave from the passage?A) It is a nonprofit group that specializes in weight control.B) It sponsors healthy weight clinics in local farmers’ markets.C) It tries to make fresh food available to poor families.D) It is giving vegetable coupons to pregnant women.7. What happened to Leslie-Ann Ogiste after she got the first vegetable coupons?A) She successfully lost a lot of weight.B) She spent a total of four pounds on vegetables.C) She got her weight down a bit.D) She gained weight due to the variety of the food.8. According to some nutrition researchers, the vegetable prescription program will have limited effecton obesity if carried out _____________________________________.9. To effectively reduce obesity, Dr. Deborah A. Cohen suggested overweight people eat less_____________________________________.10. In Ms. Ogiste and her son’s current diet, fresh vegetables are increased while junk food is_____________________________________.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He does not have a good hearing.B) He has been driving madly for a year.C) He never takes what she says seriously.D) He is always impatient with her.12. A) He is poor at remembering numbers.B) He can’t remember Mary’s phone number.C) He doesn’t know Mary’s phone number at all.D) He doesn’t want to tell her Mary’s phone number.13. A) They should go to see the man’s father.B) A guy named Tom will go to a new place.C) The woman might go with the man to see his mother.D) Going to see the new kid is the best thing they can do.14. A) Their first child is very lovely.B) They don’t want children for the time being.C) They will start a family as soon as they get married.D) Mrs. Smith wishes to have children, but her husband doesn’t.15. A) He has done what he shouldn’t.B) He has done more than enough.C) He has done as much as he could.D) He hasn’t done as much as he could.16. A) The man paid a lot to join the gym.B) The man has been working too hard.C) The man has improved his physical condition.D) The man has paid off his debts through hard work.17. A) Margaret wanted to return some magazines to the woman.B) Margaret wanted to lend some magazines to the woman.C) Margaret wanted to borrow some magazines from the woman.D) Margaret wanted to get some magazines back from the woman.18. A) She didn’t go to the game.B) She also left the game before it was over.C) She’s also curious about who won the game.D) She was sitting right behind the man at the game.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Everybody’s talking about E-mail nowadays.B) If you don’t have one, you will be out of time.C) It’s the easiest way to communicate with other users.D) It’s printed on every card people exchange with others.20. A) It may not be of a high level of security.B) It cannot contain any commercial information.C) You can only use the free E-mail account at home.D) It is difficult to get access to the website with such service.21. A) Internet Explorer. B) IE and Windows.C) The operating system. D) Additional software.22. A) Print an E-mail address on her card. B) Check her hardware and software.C) Pay the ISP for the E-mail account. D) Try to get a free E-mail account.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Tennis sets. B) Computer and TV set.C) Bookcase and book shelf. D) Refrigerator and kitchen stuff.24. A) Sell them to the second-hand bookshop.B) Advertise them on the university notice boards.C) Advertise them in the student newspaper for sale.D) Give them to the second- and third-year students for free.25. A) It may not pay well. B) It may not come on time.C) It may not take the goods. D) It may charge the quote.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Moved. B) Annoyed.C) Delighted. D) Discouraged.27. A) Ask him for pity. B) Tell him the truth.C) Tell him a white lie. D) Ask others to help you.28. A) Remember all their names. B) Remember just their last names.C) Remember a couple of names first. D) Remember as many names as possible.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Cycling around a lake. B) Motor racing in the desert.C) Playing basketball in a gym. D) Swimming in a sports center.30. A) It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B) It causes water shortages around the world.C) It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D) It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.31. A) It is an outdoor sport. B) It improves our health.C) It uses fewer resources. D) It is recommended by experts.32. A) To show people the function of major sports.B) To encourage people to go in for green sports.C) To discuss the major influence of popular sports.D) To introduce different types of environment-friendly sports.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 534. A) To ask the family for help.B) To make a study of financial courses.C) To do research on the price of college.D) To get to know how to ask for financial aid.35. A) To introduce college life.B) To make JohnsonReview popular.C) To help audiences find the right college.D) To suggest ways to prepare for college learning.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Millions of people are enrolled in evening adult education (36) __________ across America. Community colleges have become popular and their (37) __________ have increased rapidly. Large universities are (38) __________ more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the (39) __________ for more education is being met.One reason for this is that many older people are changing their (40) __________. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs of many (41) __________ things have recently greatly (42) __________. Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. This way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be (43) __________.(44)_________________________________________________________ Engineers, teachers and businessmen are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. (45) _____________________________________________________________________. Accounting and business courses are also taken by many adult students. Some students attend classes to earn degrees.(46) ___________________________________________________________________. The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.There was a time when red meat was a luxury for ordinary Americans, or was at least something special: cooking a roast for Sunday dinner, ordering a steak at a restaurant. Not anymore. Meat consumption has more than 47 in the United States in the last 50 years.Now a new study of more than 500,000 Americans has provided the best 48 that our love for red meat has exacted a high price on our health and limited our life span. The study found that, other things being 49 , the men and women who consumed the most red and processed meat were likely to die sooner, 50 from one of our two leading killers, heart disease and cancer, than people who consumed much 51 amounts of these foods.To prevent deaths 52 to red and processed meats, people should eat a hamburger only once or twice a week instead of every day, a small steak once a week instead of every other day, and a hot dog every month and a half instead of once a week. In 53 of red meat, non-vegetarians (非素食者) might consider poultry and fish. Likewise, those who ate the most fruits and vegetables also tended to live 54 .Anyone who worries about global well-being has yet another reason to consume less red meat. A reduced 55 on red meat for food could help to save the planet from the 56 effects ofSection BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The work on atmospheric chlorofluorocarbons (氯氟化碳) led eventually to a global CFC ban that saved us from ozone-layer reduction. Do we have time to do a similar thing with carbon emissions to save ourselves from climate change?Not a hope at all. Most of the “green” stuff is very close to a big trick. Carbon trading, with its huge government grants, is just what finance and industry wanted. It’s not going to do a thing about climate change, but it’ll make a lot of money for a lot of people and postpone the moment of reckoning.I am not against renewable energy, but to spoil all the decent countryside in the UK with wind farms is driving me mad. It’s absolutely unnecessary, and it takes 2,500 square kilometers to produce a gigawatt (十亿瓦特) —that’s an awful lot of countryside.Work to sequester (隔离) CO2(carbon dioxide) is also a waste of time. It’s a crazy idea — and dangerous. It would take so long and use so much energy that it will not be done.And, nuclear power is a way for the UK to solve its energy problems, but it is not a global cure forclimate change. It is too late for emissions reduction measures.Yet we are not doomed. There is one way we could save ourselves and that is through the massive burial of charcoal (木炭). It would mean farmers turning all their agricultural waste — which contains carbon that the plants have spent the summer sequestering — into charcoal, and burying it in the soil. Then you can start shifting vast quantities of carbon out of the system and pull the CO2 down quite fast.What we can do is getting farmers to burn their crop waste at very low oxygen levels to turn it into charcoal, which the farmer then ploughs into the field. A little CO2 is released but the bulk of it gets converted to carbon. You get a few per cent of bio-fuel as an additional product of the burning process, which the farmer can sell. This scheme would need no subsidy (补贴): the farmer would make a profit. This is the one thing we can do that will make a difference.57. According to the passage, carbon trading .A) probably saves people from climate changeB) benefits some financially but not environmentallyC) has contributed a lot to carbon emissions reductionD) makes huge money for governments around the world58. What does the author say about wind farms in Britain?A) The gain does not equal to the loss.B) They can help solve world’s energy problems.C) They would be perfect if they take up smaller space.D) They will waste the government lots of time and money.59. W hat’s the author’s opinion on nuclear power?A) It’s one of the emission reduction measures that should be advocated.B) It’s only applicable to Britain but not the whole world in emission reduction.C) It’s of no help to the current global climate as a sl ow way to pull CO2 down.D) It’s a good way to solve both the energy and pollution problems in the world.60. To reduce carbon emission fast in the world, the author suggests .A) capturing and sequestering CO2 in the airB) building more nuclear power plantsC) planting more trees to absorbing CO2D) burying burnt crop waste into the field61. According to the passage, one advantage of the author’s proposal is that .A) it can produce charcoal most of which can be used as fuelB) it does n’t involve any international cooperation or negotiationC) it brings extra income to farmers and saves government moneyD) it needs no advanced technology or expensive equipmentPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.A few years back, the decision to move the Barnes, a respected American art institution, from its current location in the suburban town of Merion, Pa., to a site in Philadelphia’s museum district caused an argument — not only because it shamelessly went against the will of the founder, Albert C. Barnes, but also because it threatened to dismantle (拆开) a relationship among art, architecture and landscape critical to the Barnes’s success as a museum.For any architect taking on the challenge of the new space, the confusion of moral and design questions might seem overwhelming. What is an architect’s responsibility to Barnes’s vision of a marvelous but odd collection of early Modern artworks housed in a rambling(布局凌乱的) 1920s Beaux-Arts pile? Is it possible to reproduce its spirit in such a changed setting? Or does trying to replicate (复制) the Barnes’s unique atmosphere only doom you to failure? The answers of the New York architects taking the commission are not reassuring.The new Barnes will include many of the features that have become virtually mandatory (强制性的) in the museum world today —conservation and education departments, temporary exhibition space, auditorium, bookstore, café— making it four times the size of the old Barnes. The architects have tried to compensate for this by laying out these spaces in an elaborate architectural procession that is clearly intended to replicate the peacefulness, if not the fantastic charm, of the old museum.But the result is a complicated design. Almost every detail seems to ache from the strain of trying to preserve the spirit of the original building in a very different context. The failure to do so, despite such an earnest effort, is the strongest argument yet for why the Barnes should not be moved in the first place.The old Barnes is by no means an obvious model for a great museum. Inside the lighting is far from perfect, and the collection itself, mixing masterpieces by Cézanne, Picasso and Soutine with second-rate paintings by lesser-known artists, has a distinctly odd flavor. But these apparent flaws are also what have made the Barnes one of the country’s most charming exhibition spaces.But today the new Barnes is after a different kind of audience. Although museum officials say the existing limits on crowd size will be kept, it is clearly meant to draw bigger numbers and more tourist dollars. For most visitors the relationship to the art will feel less immediate.62. The Old Barnes becomes the successful museum mainly because of .A) the beneficial geographical position in a suburban townB) its unique design and orderly collection of artsC) the influence of its founder Albert C. BarnesD) the perfect connection among art, architecture and landscape63. The biggest challenge architects face in building the new Barnes is .A) the ethical and design problemsB) the difficulty to retain its original peacefulnessC) the lack of confidence in undertaking the taskD) the difficulty to put all the artworks in a smaller space64. According to the passage, the new Barnes will .A) be completely the same as the old one B) take up more space than the old oneC) be changed into an art education center D) be forced to be modern in appearance65. Why does the author oppose to relocate the Barnes?A) The relocation means disrespect to the person who runs it.B) Architectures’ complicated desi gn will make the museum charmless.C) The spirit of the old Barnes will be gone in a different place.D) The multiple functions of the new Barnes will destroy the collection.66. What do we know about the old Barnes from the fifth paragraph?A) It is a good example of the great modern museums.B) It is downgraded by the mixture of different paintings.C) The world-famous painters’ works make it a charming place.D) It is the seeming imperfection that makes it attractive.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a 67 . All we really know is that men, unlikea n i m a l s,s o m e h o w i n v e n t e d c e r t a i n68 to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with e a c h other; and that later they agreed 69 certain 67. A) myth B) wonderC) mystery D) peculiarity68. A) sounds B) gesturesC) signs D) movements69. A) in B) withC) of D) upon70. A) spelt B) combinedC) related D) copiedsigns, called letters, which could be 70 to represent those sounds, and which could be handed 71 . Those sounds, whether spoken, 72 written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their 73 —the things they bring up before our minds. Words become 74 with meaning for us by experience; and the 75 we live, the more certain words 76 to us the happy and sad 77 of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us 78 .Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal 79 to our minds and emotions. This 80 and telling use of words is what we call 81 style. 82 all, the real poet is a master of words. He can 83 his meaning in words which sing like music, and 84 by their position and association can 85 men to tears. We should, 86 , learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech or writing silly and vulgar. 71. A) down B) outC) by D) off72. A) and B) yetC) also D) or73. A) functions B) associationsC) roles D) links74. A) filled B) fullC) live D) active75. A) happier B) sadderC) shorter D) longer76. A) reappear B) recallC) remember D) recollect77. A) incidents B) casesC) events D) affairs78. A) raises B) increasesC) improves D) emerges79. A) intensively B) extensivelyC) broadly D) powerfully80. A) charming B) academicC) conventional D) common81. A) written B) spokenC) literary D) dramatic82. A) Over B) AfterC) At D) Above83. A) transfer B) communicateC) convey D) transmit84. A) which B) thatC) what D) how85. A) engage B) makeC) move D) force86. A) therefore B) howeverC) furthermore D) neverthelessPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.87. Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes___________________________ (促进了癌症的增加).88. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, ___________________________(电视完全取代报纸是不可能的).89. I don’t think it advisable that Tom ___________________________ (被委以该职) since he has noexperience.90We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage ___________________________ (映入眼帘).91. Frankly speaking, I’d rather you ___________________________ (别为这做任何事) for the timebeing.。

Model Test 1Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to short essay entitled Should We Celebrate Western Festivals?You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.现在越来越多的中国人开始庆祝西方的节日，如圣诞节、情人节等2.有人认为这利于文化交流；有人则担心这会导致传统文化的丧失3.在我看来……PartII Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7.choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)andD).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Here comes the e-book revolutionAt what temperature do electronic books catch fire? We’re going to find out sometime throbablyis year. E-book sales are about to ignite.On Monday, is expected to unveil a new version of its Kindle reader. It will probably be a lot better and a little cheaper than the first version. But the real news already broke this week: A company spokesman announced that Amazon plans to offer Kindle books on Cell Phones.This news countered Google’s announcement that the 1.5 million public domain books available on its Google Book Search offering will soon be available (free,of course) via a new Cell Phone application.I believe that Cell Phones will quickly outpace the dedicated e-book readers, including the Kindles, as the platform of choice for e-book readers. Leading the pack? The iPhone,ironically.It’s worth nothing that sold more Kindles (at least 500,000) in its first year of sales than Apple sold iPods in its first year (378,000).Apple may not understand the value of e-books, but iPhone users will embrace them anyway. The reason is simple:The iPhone has a huge, high-quality screen. And its user base includes millions of people who love to do everything on their iPhones, including reading, which they’re already doing with online content.I (and others) have predicting for some time that Apple will ship a killer tablet at some point. This device, I believe, will have the iPhone user interface and a super high-quality screen. It will be ideal for reading e-books as well.Why people will read e-booksJust because e-books are available on better (the new Kindle) and more (all Cell Phones) devices doesn’t mean people will read them. But mark my words, read them they will. Six trends will conspire(共同促成) over the next year to drive e-book reading to levels that will surprise just about everybody.1.The economyThe economy is in the tank, and people are looking to cut costs any way they can. An Amazon Kindle pays for itself after the purchase of 20 or 30 books, then starts paying dividends. You save big on books, magazines and newspapers. These savings will grow even more attractive as the recession deepens.2.The environment.Interest in protecting the environment just keeps growing and growing. The idea of getting a daily newspaper or a weekly or monthly magazine on paper seems incredibly wasteful to the point of decadence. Environmental consciousness will drive e-book acceptance.3.A publishing revolution.The book publishing industry is one of the most backward, mustry, out-of-date businesses in our economy. While every other kind of information moves at the speed of light, the process of publishing a book is like something from the Middle Ages.For authors, it can take months to even find a literary agent willing to represent their work. Then the agent takes months to find a publishers. Then it takes ages for the publishing company to get the book out there.People are already circumventing(设法回避) all this by self-publishing. The self-publishing industry is the only area of paper-book publishing that’s thriving right now. Soon enough, a huge number of authors are finally going to get fed up with the publishing industry and just self-publishing electronically. They’ll hire their own freelance editors, and do the marketing themselves. The publication of a finished manuscript will take minutes, rather than months.Old-school thinkers in the publishing industry will lament(悲叹) the slap-dash nature of self-publishing e-books, and sniff that books are on longer published with the quality and care that they used to. (Never mind that book publishers abandoned high standards years ago in previous cost-cutting initiatives.) The world will pass them by as the book industry undergoes the same transition that happened with the media and blogs.First, the media didn’t understand blogs. Then they invalidated them. Then they accepted them. And now blogs are where the credibility is. Every columnist and reporter has a blog, and now major TV news programs are built around the opinions of bloggers. A similar transformation will take place about the credibility of self-published and electronic books.4.The rise in aggressive e-book marketing.Like the move from silent pictures to “talkies,”the transition to electronic publishing will prove fatal to laggards. Those aggressively pursuing and developing e-books will rise to take control of the publishing industry. Part of this revolution will happen in e-book marketing.The new generation of e-book publishers will leverage social media,contextual advertising and other innovations.For anyone who spends time online, specific e-book titles will increasingly be advertised and marketed and ingegrated into other content.E-book, now mostly invisible, will soon be everywhere.5.A rise in books written for electronic reading.The shift from print to electronic will change the nature of the book itself. Many books will be shorter. They’ll be more timely and culturally relevant. They’ll be more colorfully and engagingly written. And they’ll go after young readers like nothing before.As in Japan, this will spark a new cultural phenomenon of young people, will be revealed as false. Young people today read more, and write a lot more, than any generation in history. To date, they’ve been unexcited about books magazines and newspapers because they grew up with social networking and social media. Once books are electronic, relevant an social, too, they’ll start reading and writing books like crazy.6.The decline of the newspaper industry.And, finally, the newspaper industry is dying. The old method of physically delivering blog entries on dead tree pulp is out-of-date. It’s very simple. Newspapers that embrace e-books will survive. Those that don’t, won’t.If you’d like to get a stark view of the relative economics of electronic vs. paper newspapers, check out a blog post on the Silicon Valley Insider. The blog did the math and determined that the New York Times could buy every single subscriber an Amazon Kindle e-book reader, and it would still cost them half as much as it will cost them to send paper newspapers for just one year.After decades of false starts, the e-book revolution is finally upon us. By this time next year, e-books will be totally mainstream.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

⼤学英语四级考试全真预测试卷 Model Test OnePart I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是⼀个⼈要⾯对的众多难题之⼀。

2. 需要花时间去选择职业。

3. 选择职业时可以向多⼈寻求建议和帮助。

Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide waterfor)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated withbacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink? ［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted. ［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland. ［C］Government planners over-pumped its water. ［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects . ［A］does more good than harm ［B］solves more problems than what they created ［C］does more harm than good ［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include . ［A］population growth and water waste ［B］water pollution and dry weather ［C］water waste and pollution ［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages? ［A］living in rich areas ［B］living in big cities but poor condition ［C］depending on groundwater ［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries? ［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers. ［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams. ［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers. ［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water? ［A］By covering the whole surface of the water. ［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs. ［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water . ［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems? ［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers. ［C］ordinary people and manufacturers. ［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.。

2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to offer your suggestions to your cousin who sought your advice on how to make his resume distinctive.You should write at least120words but no more than 180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Two.B)Three.C)Four.D)Five.2.A)He called the police after the accident.B)He broke his arm in the accident.C)He was caught taking drugs.D)He was arrested by the police.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A cure to brain cancer.B)A new surgical instrument.C)A pen that can identify cancerous tissue.D)A new drug that can eliminate cancerous tissue.4.A)Finding the border between the cancerous and normal tissue.B)Identifying the accuracy rate of the new device.C)Improving their speed of removing a tumour.D)Using the new device in brain surgery.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)To collect scientific data on it.C)To take photos of the storm on it.B)To monitor the storm on it.D)To investigate its environment.6.A)It has lasted for nearly350years.B)It has lasted for more that350months.C)It seems to be getting smaller.D)It seems to be getting larger.7.A)What initially caused the storm.C)What is the impact of the storm.B)What is underneath the storm.D)What makes the storm last for so long.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It’s for disabled adults.B)It’s in a sports centre.C)It’s rewarding and challenging.D)It’s compulsive in her community.9.A)The skills they need.B)The products they have.C)The market they target.D)The language they require.10.A)Diversify markets and sales strategies.B)Reduce costs and jobs.C)Learn from other companies.D)Listen to the opinions of experts.11.A)The salary and the workload.B)The office hour and the penalty system.C)The welfare and the holiday system.D)The ethical policy and the carbon footprint.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Double-decker buses.B)The traffic in London.C)Bus routes.D)Travels in Britain.13.A)It has no windows.B)People get onto it at the front.C)It has two carriages.D)It is open at the back.14.A)Uncomfortable.B)Noisy.C)Dangerous.D)Shabby.15.A)Bendy buses can help reduce the traffic jam.B)Bendy buses are more environmentally friendly.C)Bendy buses are convenient for people in wheelchairs.D)Bendy buses are more popular among tourists.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They had four toes.B)They were not as big as dogs.C)They lived in South America.D)They lived in thick forests.17.A)They had long legs and a long tail.B)They were smaller and had front eyes.C)They began to eat grass as well as fruit.D)They were bigger and had long legs.18.A)They evolved into donkeys in Asia and Africa.B)They used their long legs to run south to South Africa.C)They began to eat apples on the North American plains.D)They preferred grass to fruit and vegetables.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Being rejected by friends and teachers.B)Staying away from his native land.C)Adapting to new study expectations.D)Keeping a balance between study and job.20.A)Talking with older brothers or sisters.C)Starting a conversation with close friends.B)Having a casual talk with a college student.D)Playing with friends on the same sports team.21.A)Follow traditions of with a college student.C)Respect the customs of different colleges.B)Take part in as many activities as possible.D)Take others’advice as reference only.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They tend to harm wildlife.C)They are thrown away everywhere.B)They are hardly recyclable.D)They are made from useless materials.23.A)It is fatal.B)It is weird.C)It is very serious.D)It is complicated.24.A)The sea creatures that have taken in then are consumed by humans.B)The ocean’s ecology has been polluted and affected humans.C)Humans eat the seabirds that have swallowed plastic particles.D)Humans consume the fish that have eaten sea creatures with them.25.A)Its use has been drastically reduced.C)Most products use natural materials.B)It is still an indispensable material.D)The use of plastic items will be charged.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.A third of the planet’s land is severely degraded and fertile soil is being lost at the rate of24bn tonnes a year, according to a new United Nations-backed study that calls for a shift away from destructively intensive agriculture, The alarming____26____,which is forecast to continue as demand for food and productive land increases,will ass to the risks of conflicts unless____27____actions are implemented,warns the institution behind the report.“As the ready supply of healthy and productive land dries up and the population grows,competition is ___28___for land within countries and globally,”said executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)at the launch of the Global Land Outlook.“To___29____the losses,the outlook suggests it is in all our interests to step back and rethink how we are managing the pressures and the competition.”The Global Land Outlook is____30____as the most comprehensive study of its type,mapping the interlinked impacts of urbanization,climate change,erosion and forest loss.But the biggest factor is the___31___of industrial farming.Heavy tilling,multiple harvests ans___32____use of agrochemicals have increased yields at the____33____of long-term sustainability.If the past20years,agricultural production has increased threefold and the amount of irrigated land has doubled,notes a paper in the outlook by the Joint Research Centre(JRC)of the European commission.Over time,however,this___34___fertility and can lead to abandonment of land and ___35___desertification.A)absorb I)limitedB)abundant J)minimizeC)billed K)occasionallyD)decline L)optimizesE)diminishes M)rateF)expansion N)remedialG)expense O)ultimatelyH)intensifyingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Take Naps at Work.Apologize to No One[A]In the past two weeks I’ve taken three naps at work,a total of an hour or so of shut-eye while on the clock.And I have no shame or uncertainty about doing it.I couldn’t feel better about it,and my productivity reflects it,too.[B]Sleeping on the job is one of those workplace taboos-like leaving your desk for lunch or taking an afternoon walk-that we’re taught to look down on.If someone naps at2p.m.while the rest of us furiously write memos and respond to emails,surely it must mean they’re slacking off(偷懒).Or so the assumption goes.[C]Restfulness and recharging can take a back seat to the perception and appearance of productivity.It’s easier to stay on a virtual hamster(仓鼠)wheel of activity by immediately responding to every email than it is to measure aggregate productivity over a greater period of time.But a growing field of occupational and psychological research is building the case for restfulness in pursuit of greater productivity.[D]Companies are suffering from tremendous productivity problems because people are stressed out and not recovering from the workday,said Josh Bersin,Principal and Founder of Bersin by Deloitte.“They’re beginning to realize that this is their problem,and they can’t just say to people,‘Here’s a work-life balance course,go teach yourself how to manage your inbox,’”Mr.Bersin said.“It’s way more complicated than that.”[E]To be sure,the ability to nap at work is far from widespread,experts said.Few among us have the luxury of being able to step away for a half-hour snoozefest.But lunch hours and coffee breaks can be great times to duck out,and your increased productivity and alertness will be all the evidence you need to make your case to inquiring bosses.[F]In an ideal world,we’d all solve this problem by unplugging early and getting a good night’s sleep. Here’s our guide on how to do just that.But the next best thing is stealing away for a quick power nap when you’re dragging after lunch.[G]In a study published in Nature Neuroscience,researchers tested subjects on their perceptual performance four times throughout the day.Performance deteriorated with each test,but subjects who took a30-minute nap between tests stopped the deterioration in performance,and those who took a60-minute nap even reversed it.[H]“Naps had the same magnitude of benefits as full nights of sleep if they had a quality of nap.”said Sara Mednick,a co-author of the study and associate professor of psychology at the University of California,Riverside.[I]Dr.Mednick,a sleep researcher and the author of Take a Nap!Change Your Life,said daytime napping can have many of the benefits of overnight sleep,and different types of naps offer specific benefits.[J]For example,Dr.Mednick said a20-to60-minute nap might help with memorization and learning specific bits of information.It’s just long enough to enter stage-two sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(R.E.M.)sleep.[K]After60minutes,you start getting into R.E.M.sleep,most often associated with that deep,dreaming state we all enjoy at night R.E.M.sleep can improve creativity,perceptual processing and highly associativethinking,which allows you to make connections between disparate ideas,Dr.Mednick said.Beyond that,your best bet is a90-minute nap,which will give you a full sleep cycle.[L]Any nap,however,can help with alertness and perception and cut through the general fog that creeps in during the day,experts said.[M]So how did we even arrive at this point where aptitude is inextricably tied(紧密相连)to working long, concentrated hours?Blame technology,but think broader than smartphones and laptops;the real issue is that tech has enabled us to be available at all times.[N]“We went through a period where people were in denial and business leaders were ignoring it,”Mr. Bersin said.“They were assuming that if we give people more tools,more emails,more Slack,more chatter,and we’ll just assume they can figure out how to deal with it all.And I think they’ve woken up to the fact that this is a big problem,and it is affecting productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellness and all sorts of things.”[O]It isn’t just office workers who can benefit from an afternoon siesta(午睡).A2015study published in Current Biology looked at the at the sleeping habits of three hunter-gatherer preindustrial societies in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia.[P]“They’re active in the morning,then they get in the shade under the trees and have a sort of quiet time, but they’re not generally napping,”said Jerome Siegel,professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences,and director of the U.C.L.A.Center for Sleep Research,a co-author of the study.“Then they do some work and go to sleep,and they sleep through the night.”[Q]Still,Mr.Siegel said,“the only genuine way to solve daytime sleepiness and fatigue starts the night before with a solid night’s sleep.”The real Holy Grail of restfulness is a regular sleep schedule with ideally seven or eight hours of sleep each night,which experts say is optimal.[R]“Daytime napping certainly does increase alertness,”Mr.Siegel said.“But it’s not as simple as going to the gas station and filling the tank.”[S]He also advises avoiding caffeine late in the day and waking around the same time every morning,even if you can’t get to sleep at the same time every night,This helps acclimate(使适应)your body to your regular wake-up time,regardless of how much sleep you got the night before.[T]So if you’ve made it this far and you’re interested in giving workday naps a try(or just starting to nod off),here’s a quick guide to the perfect nap;Find a quiet,unoccupied space where you won’t be disturbed.Try to make your area as dim as possible(or invest in a sleep mask you can keep in the office).Earplugs might help.too.Aim for around20minutes.Any longer than that and you’re likely to wake up with sleep inertia(睡眠惰性)，which will leave you even groggier(头脑昏沉的)than before.36.Participants’perceptual performance became better after sleeping one hour between tests in an article inNature Neuroscience.37.Jerome Siegel found that only by sleeping soundly through the previous night could people tackle theirweariness during the day.38.Our talent is closely bound to working with concentration for long periods of time because technologymakes us accessible24/7.39.Taking a nap at work is normally regarded as laziness that should be held in contempt and avoided inworkplace.40.Between20to60minutes,people can get into non-REM sleep which may improve memory and learningability according to Dr.Mednick.41.People can doze off at lunch and coffee breaks and defended themselves by saying their improvedproductivity and alertness when bosses investigated their whereabouts.42.The author’s tips on taking a perfect nap involve sleeping place,environment and duration.43.The author believes business leaders are aware that availability at any time due to technology has negativeeffects on every aspect of people’s life.44.The optimal length of a nap was an hour and a half so that people could go through a complete sleep cycle.45.Josh Bersin mentioned the cause of companies’big productivity problems and the solution which needsmore that just employees’efforts.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Every office worker hates meetings.But it’s a strange sort of hate,similar to the hatred of Londoners for the Northern Line,or New Yorkers for tourists who walk too slowly:the dislike is real,yet if the despised thing were to vanish,it’d be like surrendering a piece of your soul.When researchers probed into why people put up with the strain that meetings place on their time and sanity, they found something-those who resent and dread meetings the moat also defend them as a“necessary evil”, sometimes with great passion.True,research suggests that meetings take up vastly more of the average manager’s time than they used to.True,done badly,they’re associated with lower levels of innovation and employee wellbeing(幸福).But that’s just office life,right?It’s not supposed to be fun.That’s why they call it work.Underlying(引起)this attitude is an assumption that’s drummed into us not just as workers but as children, parents and romantic partners;that more communication is always a good thing.So suggestions abound for(大量存在)communicating better in meetings-for example,hold them standing up,so speakers will come to the point more quickly.But even when some companies consider abolishing meetings entirely,the principle that more communication is better isn’t questioned.If anything,it’s reinforced when such firms introduce“flat”management structures,with bosses always available to everyone,plus plenty of electronic distraction.In fact,constant connectivity is disastrous for both job satisfaction and the bottom line.And anyway,once you give it three seconds’thought,isn’t it cleat that more communication frequently isn’t a good thing?Often,the difference between a successful marriage and a second-rate one consists of leaving about three or four things a day unsaid.At work,it’s surely many more than four,though for a different reason;office communication comes at the cost of precisely the kind of focus that’s essential to good work.Yet we’re so accustomed to seeing talking as a source of solutions-for resolving conflicts or finding new ideas-that it’s hard to see when it is the problem.46.What does the author say about meetings?A)Londoners hate them as well as the Northern Line.B)They can help to keep workers’physical and spiritual health.C)Workers might be reluctant to give up them completely.D)New Yorkers dislike meetings more than Londoners.47.What did researchers find about people’s attitude towards meeting?A.Their attitude and behavior are paradoxical.B)People who hate meetings the most are senior insane.C)Those who like meetings might be considered insane.D)More meetings are regarded as a sign of less innovation.48.Why do people think that more communication is always a good thing?A)Because the concept is firmly believed by workers.B)Because everyone loves to communicate with others.C)Because the idea has been instilled into people’s mind.D)Because communication is vital for building relationships.49.What does the author think of the“flat”management structure?A)It forces bosses to frequently contact their employees.B)It helps to soften employees’bottom line of work.C)It is definitely a disaster to employees’job satisfaction.D)It strengthens people’s deeply-rooted notion of communication.50.What is the author’s argument about office communication?A)It is an effective way to solve office conflicts.B)It affects work efficiency in a negative way.C)It should come to a halt at intervals.D)It is useful for workers to find new ideas.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed.This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers,but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared.Instead,many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible,with no regard for the implications for society at large.When selfish publishers set up shops online,the primary goal is to publish as much as possible,often at the cost of quality.In this respect,many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping(重叠的)disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing.In some cases,online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.If publishers structure their business to make more revenue,it often does harm to their products.When publishers start journals with overlapping domains,in combination with the pressure to publish more studies,this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles.Moreover,publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties(专业)increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers.With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort,journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community,the pressure to publish must be reduced.Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications,but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.And that’s just the start.We need additional mechanisms,such as Beall’s list of predatory(掠夺的)publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles.In addition,the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.51.What does the author think of online publishers?A)A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.B)They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.C)Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.D)Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.52.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______.A)peer review generally is a criterion to identify academic journalsB)researchers focus their research on the combination of disciplinesC)scientists care about their publications rather than researchD)young business managers are willing to face new challenges53.Why can’t publishers find enough reviewers to review papers?A)Reviewers are pressed for time when reviewing articles.B)Reviewers’gains can’t make up for what they have done.C)Publishers may compel reviewers to accept marginal articles.D)Publishers urge reviewers to increase publication rate rapidly.54.What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?A)More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.B)It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.C)Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.D)The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.55.What is the main idea of this passage?A)Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.B)Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.C)Online publishers business models are quite likely to harm their publications.D)Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.春节是中国的传统节日，相当于美国的圣诞节。

一：Part I WritingIs Offering Seats Compulsory for Young Passengers?In recent years, there have been many disputes about young’s giving seats to the elderly on buses. Some people maintain that the elderly are physically weak and are more prone to falling and getting hurt when standing on a moving bus. Therefore, young people, especially those taking the priority seats, have obligation to offer the seats to senior citizens to prevent potential hurt.Some people, however, think the other way. Young passengers, they say, pay for the bus trip, so they enjoy the same right as senior citizens to use seats on the bus. Besides, many young riders, though physically strong, can’t escape being exhausted by a day’s work and are in great need of the seats on buses too. Forcing them to give up the seats seems inhuman and unfair.In my view, whether it is compulsory for the young to give up their seats to needy riders depends on the kind of seats they take. In general, it is a moral requirement for young passengers on regular seats to do so. However, for those sitting on priority seats, it is a legal obligation.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. D)2. B)3. A)4. B)5. D)6. C)7. C)8. in isolation 9. salty and sugary snacks 10. cut backPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. C) 12. B) 13. D) 14. B) 15. D) 16. C) 17. D) 18. B)19. C) 20. A) 21. B) 22. D) 23. D) 24. B) 25. A)Section B11. C) 12. B) 13. A) 14. C) 15. A) 16. D) 17. A) 18. B)26. C) 27. B) 28. C) 29. A) 30. D) 31. C) 32. B) 33. B) 34. D) 35. B)Section C36. programs 37. enrolments 38. offering 39. demand40. professions 41. household 42. increased 43. avoided44. Advanced technology is the most important reason for the rise in adult education45. Various courses are offered, among which foreign languages, computers and communication courses are popular46. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills they can receivePart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. L) 48. C) 49. B) 50. E) 51. D) 52. F) 53. K) 54. J) 55. I) 56. O)Section B57. B) 58. A) 59. C) 60. D) 61. C) 62. D) 63. A) 64. B) 65. C) 66. D)Part V Cloze67. C) 68. A) 69. D) 70. B) 71. A) 72. D) 73. B) 74. A) 75. D) 76. B)77. C) 78. B) 79. D) 80. A) 81. C) 82. D) 83. C) 84. A) 85. C) 86. A)Part VI Translation87. contributes to the increase of cancers88. it is unlikely that television will replace the newspaper completely89. (should) be assigned to the job90. came into view / came into sight91. didn’t do anything about itPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. W: Look what a mess you’ve made! I’ve told you several times, but you just turn a deaf ear to me. Can you listento my words for once?M: Shut up! You’re driving me mad with your constant complaining.Q: What does the woman complain about the man?12. W: Bill, will you tell me Mary’s phone number?M: Well, it’s just at the tip of my tongue, but I have to look it up in my notebook.Q: What does the man mean?13. M: My father wants me to see a new kid — a guy named Tom. How about going with me?W: Okay. I might as well go. Nothing better to do.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?14. W: Have Michael and Joan Smith had a baby yet? They’ve been married for two years now.M: Michael indicated to me that they’d postpone having children until he gets his law degree.Q: How do the Smiths feel about children?15. W: Mr. David, you are such a nice young man and you have been taking good care of me ever since I first arrived here.I shall always feel grateful to you for everything you’ve done for me.M: It’s very kind of you to say so, but really I don’t think I had done nearly enough.Q: What does the man mean?16. M: I’ve been working out at the gym since February so… I’d been waiting to get in better shape.W: You look terrific! Seems like all your hard work has paid off.Q: What does the woman mean?17. M: Why did Margaret call yesterday?W: She wanted to pick up some magazines she lent me.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. M: You know I had to leave the basketball game halfway through last night, so I never found out who won.W: Well, don’t look at me. I was just a few minutes behind you.Q: What does the woman mean?Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneW: Well, it seems to me that everybody’s talking about E-mail nowadays. When you exchange cards with others, you’ll feel out of time and start at a disadvantage if your card hasn’t an E-mail address on it.M: I wouldn’t be surprised, because, you know, it’s the easiest way to communicate with other users over a network. W: Is it? But I was told that we must set up an E-mail system on the network before we can communicate with other users. Is that true?M: Yes, it’s not tough to create such a system. However, you need some hardware and software to support it. W: Let me know the hardware needed first.M: A computer and a line that connects your computer with the Internet.W: All right. I was told that I need an account for my E-mail. Where can I get it?M: You can contact an ISP, I mean an Internet Service Provider, to get an account.W: How much do I have to pay for it?M: It varies. You can also get a free E-mail account if you don’t have to cons ider too much for the security of your mails. I know many people prefer free E-mails and they say their correspondence through that kind of account doesn’t involve commercial information needed to be strictly kept secret. You can get such a free account simply at home if you have got access to a website with such a service.W: It’s so convenient. I may prefer the free E-mail. What about the software?M: You don’t need any additional software. Just the IE, the Internet Explorer, bound with Windows, the operating system.W: Thank you so much for your help.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. According to the man, why is E-mail so popular?20. Which is the disadvantage of a free E-mail account?21. What is the necessary software to support the E-mail system?22. What will the woman probably do after the conversation?Conversation TwoW: Hi, Peter.M: Hi, Laura.W: How was your final?M: Absolutely no idea. Anyway, it’s just wonderful to have finished the exam.W: Yeah, to sleep in every morning.M: Well, I’ve got a lot to do before I leave for Chicago. I’ve got a lot of things I can’t take back with me and I don’t know what to do with them. I’m wondering if I can sell them to someone before going back to Chicago.Perhaps you could give me some advice.W: Well, it depends on what sort of things they are.M: There are quite a lot. I have a computer which is second-hand and not worth much. What I really want to get rid of is the furniture, the fridge and other kitchen stuff. Oh, there are some clothes and books as well.W: I see. Well, there are several alternatives. First of all, you could put up notices around the university about the books, you know, on the notice boards in the student union building, and anywhere the second-and third-year students will see them. People are always keen to buy cheap textbooks.M: Then what should I say on the notices?W: Just put the titles, authors and prices you want. Don’t forget to put your phone number.M: That’s a good idea. What about the furniture?W: You could try the same thing, but usually students are away all summer so they don’t want to buy furniture now.Another place to try might be a second-hand shop. Someone from the shop will usually come around and give you a free quote, and th en you can decide. But normally you won’t get much money for that sort of stuff. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. Which items does Peter want to sell?24. What is Laura’s suggestion about the books?25. What does Laura think of the second-hand shop?Section BPassage OneRemembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.When you hear a person’s name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.Ask the other person to recite and repeat.You can let other people help you remember their names. After you’ve been introduced to someone, ask that person to spell the name and p ronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names.Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say, “I’m working to reme mber names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?”Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example, you could make a mental note: “Vicki Cheng —tall, black hair.” To reinforce your associati ons, write them on a small card as soon as possible.When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names.Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That’s fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others — an automatic review for you.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?27. What may you do if you can’t remember someone’s name?28. What is it better to do when you meet a group of people?Passage TwoSports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal shoul d be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. A nd best of all, it’s free.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. Which is the speaker most probably in favor of?30. What do we know about golf from the passage?31. Why does the speaker use power walking as an example?32. W hat is the speaker’s main purpose of giving this speech?Passage ThreeYou’re about to spend four years of your life and tens of thousands of dollars of your patent’s money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do yo u ever stop to wonder why you’re going?Relax. You’re making the right decision. First of all, you’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. College is also a lot of fun —after you graduate, you’ll be working every weekday for 50 or so years. And remember that college graduates earn about twice the income of those who never attended college.Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, JohnsonReview is here to help you every step ofthe way.*Researching Schools. To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that reallyfits you best — not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped rooms.*Applying to School. On , you’ll find hundreds of actual college applicat ions and links to many more.*Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college rather than learningthe ways t o get financial aid. If you really do your research, you’ll learn that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost.For more information, call 600-3681 or visit . Wherever you go, have a nice trip! Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. How many reasons for going to college does the speaker mention in the passage?34. What does the speaker advise you to do to pay the high cost of college?35. What’s the speaker’s purpose of giving this talk?Section CMillions of people are enrolled in evening adult education programs across America. Community colleges have become popular and their enrolments have increased rapidly. Large universities are offering more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the demand for more education is being met.One reason for this is that many older people are changing their professions. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs of many household things greatly increased. Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. This way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be avoided.Advanced technology is the most important reason for the rise in adult education. Engineers, businessmen are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. Various courses are offered, among which foreign languages, computers and communication courses are popular. Accounting and business courses are also taken by many adult students. Some students attend classes to earn degrees. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills they can receive. The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education.二：Part I Writing 【范文】Should We Give Gifts to Teachers on Teachers’ Day?Whether we should give gifts to teachers on Teachers’ Day has become a topic of debate in China recently. Some people say we should for two reasons. The first reason is that gifts presented to teachers show our respect and appreciation for teachers’ contribution. Second is that teachers deserve the gifts and it has been a tradition for thousands of years.Some people, on the contrary, say we should ban gifts on Teacher’s Day. The festival, they say, has been materialized as more students’ parents turn to expensive gifts or even cash to offer teachers for some personal interests. It has put much pressure on parents that are not rich. Worse still, it may lead to the corruption of teachers.In my view, gifts still serve as a good way to express people’s love and respect toward hono urable teachers and should not be banned. However, people should give small and meaningful rather than expensive gifts to teachers for the sake of students, parents and teachers. After all, it is not the price of the gift but just the heart you put into it that is meaning and important.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. C)2. B)3. D)4. A)5. B)6. D)7. C)8. financial decisions 9. the lawyer 10. reliefPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. A) 12. B) 13. C) 14. D) 15. B) 16. D) 17. B) 18. D)19. C) 20. B) 21. D) 22. D) 23. C) 24. D) 25. A)Section B26. B) 27. C) 28. A) 29. D) 30. A) 31. D) 32. C) 33. D) 34. C) 35. A)Section C36. passports 37. guarantee 38. specifies 39. introduced40. background 41. access 42. confirming 43. register44. The government has said that the cost of a combined 10-year passport will be 93 pounds45. scanners and readers needed for the national identity card scheme would have to be introduced anyway46. The use of more secure identity confirmation systems would mean cuts in social security, housing benefits andcouncil tax deceptionPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. F) 48. N) 49. G) 50. A) 51. E) 52. O) 53. M) 54. C) 55. H) 56. L)Section B57. B) 58. B) 59. C) 60. A) 61. D) 62. C) 63. A) 64. C) 65. A) 66. D)Part V Cloze67. B) 68. C) 69. B) 70. A) 71. D) 72. B) 73. D) 74. A) 75. C) 76. B)77. C) 78. A) 79. D) 80. A) 81. C) 82. B) 83. A) 84. C) 85. D) 86. D)Part VI Translation87. than it is when seen alone88. has been reading too long89. found it being cultivated90. should have kept your distance91. (should) be attacked by wild animalsPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. W: It seems something is weighing on your mind these days. What’s the matter?M: I don’t know... things seem to be worse. Sometimes I feel my girlfriend seems to take me for granted. If onlyI had a job or something ——then at least I’d feel I’m really doing something.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?12. W: You never speak English unless you absolutely have to. I’ll h elp you if you promise to speak nothing butEnglish all the time.M: All right. Maybe I’ll do that. It’s the only way I’ll be able to learn English fast enough, I guess.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?13. M: How long does the journey take if I go by bus?W: It depends on the traffic. I think the Airport Express is your best bet.Q: Where is the man probably going to?14. W: Has Andrew ever worked on a newspaper before?M: No, not exactly, but he used to edit a magazine in his spare time when he was in college.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?15. W: There’ll be a meeting for the handicapped the week after next. They decided that every participant shouldwear a uniform.M: Yeah. I’m the right man up to the designing job.Q: What is the man going to do?16. M: Do you really want that much? You usually have only a cup of milk for breakfast at home.W: Well, it’s different. I don’t have to fix breakfast here. When you don’t have to cook, you enjoy the meal more.Q: What does the woman mean?17. M: You can teach Jim a more pleasant way. You’ll spoil his appetite.W: Maybe you’re right. I shouldn’t have blamed him before I taught him.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?18. W: Well, in my opinion, the news shows are extremely su perficial; they don’t tell you anything.M: Oh, I don’t know about that. I think the news reports are excellent. Presenting the news is what TV does best.Q: What does the man mean?Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneM: Lesley, again and again these days we hear the words “he’s on drugs” and many people feel that these illegal drugs are harmful and people should be prevented from getting hold of them in any way at all, because of the damage they can do. What do you feel about this?W: Oh, yes, you… you’ve got to have some sort of control, because it has been proved that these some sort of thing can do irreparable damage, and I know a horrible story about a 6-year-old kid who is in mental hospital now. Shewent to a party and she t ook something there and now she’s convinced she’s an orange and she won’t go out of the room for fear somebody’s going to crush her.M: Lesley, how widespread is the use of so-called illegal drugs in England?W: Well, as regards cannabis... um... I think as yet little is known about it. I think it may be a rash thing to legalize it now when so little is known, but it must be said that no positive harm has been proved.M: In view of hostility towards the so-called illegal drugs in things like newspapers and television, why do so many young people take drugs?W: Well, I think there are many reasons. One of the reasons is because of hostility. It’s the job of the younger generation to reject all the values of the older generation, and it’s just as well for huma n society that this is so, because otherwise we would never change it or make it better.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does Lesley think drugs can do?20. What is the 6-year-old kid afraid of?21. Why would legalizing cannabis be unwise?22. According to Lesley, what is the job of the younger generation?Conversation TwoM: Ok, Amy. Before we can find the right man for you, just tell us what kind of person you’d like to date. Don’t be shy. W: Well, OK. I’ve n ever done this before. I feel kind of silly, but here goes. I guess I really like men who have a sense of humor. I love to laugh and be happy. That’s the most important thing. But I don’t like men who are really loud, I mean, I like men to laugh, but I don’t want them to sound like donkeys.M: OK, what else?W: Oh, I like men who are intelligent and open-minded. Those two things go together, don’t they? Good conversations are important. I love talking about books and movies and politics. I really hate men who think they’re always right, you know, the stubborn ones who won’t listen to new ideas. They always get into bad moods if you don’t agree with them. I don’t like men who are moody.M: Now, Amy, tell me about the perfect Saturday night date.W: Hmm. Well, he comes over to my place, and we cook dinner together. Then we put on some jazz, sit down to eat and talk about important things. Of course, he offers to help with the dishes. It really bothers me when a man won’t help clean up.M: Sounds romantic. OK. L ast question. Is there anything you really don’t like?W: Well, sure. I really don’t like men, or people, who don’t respect other people.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.What kind of men does Amy like to date?24. W hat do you know about the perfect Saturday night date in Amy’s mind?25. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?Section BPassage OneA year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift —＄7,000, a legacy from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch, who died in an accident. “It really made a difference when we were going under financially,” says Dave.But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches. Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity. In some cases, it was a few thousand dollars; in others, it was more than $100,000.It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than $3 million — they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving. They thrived on comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store, checking prices before making a new purchase.Through the years, the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything,” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden. “They could see things they could do to make you happier, and they would do them.”Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy — a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cents — should enrich the whole community and last for generations to come.Neighbors helping neighbors —that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about the Fusses from the passage?27. What do we learn about the Hatches according to the speaker?28. Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store?29. What can we learn from the passage?Passage TwoToo much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to l earn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.A second study, looking at nearly 1,000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters may watch lots of TV.The study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15. These with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.What do we learn about the low-scoring group according to the California study?31. What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results?32. What can we learn from the end of the passage?Passage ThreeFor many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view, the only cause o f their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely.In this speech I’ll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen’s hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child’s failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is —politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg — the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority —someone who actually knows something — and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress. So in the following speech I’ll suggest some ways out of the trap or find a solution for the parent-teen problems.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Why does the speaker compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?34. Why do parents and teens want to be right?35. What will the speaker most probably discuss in the speech that follows?Section CThe Home Secretary, Charles Clarke, will today guarantee that the personal details contained on the national identity card will not go beyond those currently on passports. He will write the guarantee into the legislation which The bill specifies that only name, date and place of birth, gender, address, nationality and immigration status can be recorded on the ID database. The Home Secretary has promised that fresh legislation will have to be introduced if extra personal details such as health records, criminal records or other background information were added.Mr. Clarke will also promise that everyone will be able to access their entry on the national ID card database and see which organizations had been confirming their identity. At the same time ministers will table new government amendments to ensure that those who access the national ID cards register will not be able to tell who has a criminal record on the police national computer.The government has said that the cost of a combined 10-year passport will be 93 pounds. The Home Office has opened talks with departments likely to benefit from the introduction of the scheme to see if they can recoup some of the overall costs. The departments include work and retirement fund, health, transport and local councils.The Home Office minister, Andy Burnham, said scanners and readers needed for the national identity card scheme would have to be introduced anyway to updepartments which would make savings as a result of the introduction of ID cards would make a contribution. The use of more secure identity confirmation systems would mean cuts in social security, housing benefits and council tax deception.三：Part I Writing 【范文】ID Registration Policy for Mobile Phone UsersPeople were not required to show and have their identities registered when they bought a sim card before. Except some sim cards designated for particular people, you could get almost what you wish — no matter what。

大学英语四级考试预测试卷（一）Model Test OnePart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Fast Food Nutrition: Guide to Making Healthy ChoicesFast food nutrition（营养）—is it possible?1.For many people, the main reason to eat at fast food restaurants is that fast food is____________.A) nutritious B) cheap C) high in calories D) full of vitamins2. According to the passage, maintaining a healthy diet in a fast food restaurant can be achievedby ____________.A) drinking sodas B) enjoying dressingsC) eating French Fries D) choosing healthy menu items3. Where can the nutritional information be found if one wants to order before arriving at therestaurant?A) On the menu. B) On the post. C) On the web site. D) In the restaurant.4. Which of the following option is healthier?A) In the restaurants B) At home.C) When they sit down. D) When they stand up.5. Under which condition will people eat less food?A) Salad with cheeses. B) Salad with meats.C) Salad with fruits. D) Salad with heavy dressings.6. Which of the following is NOT a way to avoid eating too much?A) Cut back on your earlier meal.B) Leave some meal on the plate.C) Separate the meal before eating.D) Take some meal back home.7. What’s the passage mainly about?A) How to have a healthy diet when eating out.B) Don’t order too much when eating out.C) Nutrition in fast food restaurants.D) What to order n fast food restaurants.8. In order not to be tempted to overeat, you are encouraged to_______________________ , which is often called “half sizes”.9. Sharing dishes with dining partners helps you avoid overeating while enabling you to __________________.10. What is most important, eating out should always be regarded as part of one’s_________________Part ⅢListening ComprehensionPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They have failed completely.B) They have proven highly successful.C) They have met with difficulties but brought hope.D) They have received no response from the scientists.27. A) Food and sleeping area. B) Producing young pandas and food.C) Environment and illness. D) Bad weather and bamboo supply.28. A) Planting of new bamboo and a new emergency allocation.B) The physical rescue effort and massive fund-raising effort.C) Rescue of pandas and independent fund drives.D) Spreading meat as bamboo substitute and treating sick pandas.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) A supermarket manager. B) A detective.C) A police commissioner. D) A police patrolman.30. A) He has retired to another state. B) He divorced his wife.C) He was killed in a robbery. D) He committed suicide.31. A) He advocates the sale of guns.B) He believes Americans have a right to own guns.C) He thinks handguns solely contribute to violent crimes.D) He insists that the private citizens not possess handguns.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Because Disney parks are a universal attraction.B) Because they are treated in such a way as to enjoy themselves.C) Because they are invited there for celebration.D) Because they are served with good snack food.33. A) They learn how to construct a Disney Park.B) They are shown the layout of the Park.C) They learn how the company has developed.D) They are informed of different management executives.34. A) The company wants every employee to help the guests enjoy the tour.B) The company does not take an ordinary job for granted.C) The employees want to present their best before the guests.D) The employees of Disney Park are very strict with themselves.35. A) They sell ice cream. B) They take tickets.C) They take up any special service jobs. D) They see to the company’s management. Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In some ways, the United States has made spectacular progress. Fires no longer destroy 注意：实考中此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。

2023年英语CET四级考前模拟预测练习题附答案Ive been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinctionand one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mindand the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel nomatter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture afleeting ( 稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it withthe world in raw form; no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want tomake writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow callsfree writing. In freewriting, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. Nostopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideaswill come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have taw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that youve persuaded tosit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually haveand you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through youravailable time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forthuntil you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.56、When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind cannot work in parallel (Line 3, Para.1 ) in the writing process, he means ____A.no one can be both creative and criticalB.they cannot be regarded as equally importantC.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.one cannot use them at the same time57、What prevems people from writing on is ____A.putting their ideas in raw formB.attempting to edit as they writeC.ignoring grammatical soundnessD.trying to capture fleeting thoughts58、What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A.To organize ones thoughts logically.B.To choose an appropriate topic.C.To get ones ideas down.D.To collect raw materials.59、One common concern of writers about free writing is that ____. .A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC.it may bring about too much criticismD.it does not help them to think clearly60、In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?A.It refines his writing into better shape.B.It helps him to come up with new ideas.C.It saves the writing time available to him.D.It allows him to sit on the side and observe.答案解析:56-60：DBCBA【2023年英语CET四级考前模拟猜测练习题附答案】。

大学英语四级考试预测试卷（一）Model Test OnePart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Fast Food Nutrition: Guide to Making Healthy ChoicesFast food nutrition（营养）—is it possible?1.For many people, the main reason to eat at fast food restaurants is that fast food is____________.A) nutritious B) cheap C) high in calories D) full of vitamins2. According to the passage, maintaining a healthy diet in a fast food restaurant can be achievedby ____________.A) drinking sodas B) enjoying dressingsC) eating French Fries D) choosing healthy menu items3. Where can the nutritional information be found if one wants to order before arriving at therestaurant?A) On the menu. B) On the post. C) On the web site. D) In the restaurant.4. Which of the following option is healthier?A) In the restaurants B) At home.C) When they sit down. D) When they stand up.5. Under which condition will people eat less food?A) Salad with cheeses. B) Salad with meats.C) Salad with fruits. D) Salad with heavy dressings.6. Which of the following is NOT a way to avoid eating too much?A) Cut back on your earlier meal.B) Leave some meal on the plate.C) Separate the meal before eating.D) Take some meal back home.7. What’s the passage mainly about?A) How to have a healthy diet when eating out.B) Don’t order too much when eating out.C) Nutrition in fast food restaurants.D) What to order n fast food restaurants.8. In order not to be tempted to overeat, you are encouraged to_______________________ , which is often called “half sizes”.9. Sharing dishes with dining partners helps you avoid overeating while enabling you to __________________.10. What is most important, eating out should always be regarded as part of one’s_________________Part ⅢListening ComprehensionPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They have failed completely.B) They have proven highly successful.C) They have met with difficulties but brought hope.D) They have received no response from the scientists.27. A) Food and sleeping area. B) Producing young pandas and food.C) Environment and illness. D) Bad weather and bamboo supply.28. A) Planting of new bamboo and a new emergency allocation.B) The physical rescue effort and massive fund-raising effort.C) Rescue of pandas and independent fund drives.D) Spreading meat as bamboo substitute and treating sick pandas.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) A supermarket manager. B) A detective.C) A police commissioner. D) A police patrolman.30. A) He has retired to another state. B) He divorced his wife.C) He was killed in a robbery. D) He committed suicide.31. A) He advocates the sale of guns.B) He believes Americans have a right to own guns.C) He thinks handguns solely contribute to violent crimes.D) He insists that the private citizens not possess handguns.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Because Disney parks are a universal attraction.B) Because they are treated in such a way as to enjoy themselves.C) Because they are invited there for celebration.D) Because they are served with good snack food.33. A) They learn how to construct a Disney Park.B) They are shown the layout of the Park.C) They learn how the company has developed.D) They are informed of different management executives.34. A) The company wants every employee to help the guests enjoy the tour.B) The company does not take an ordinary job for granted.C) The employees want to present their best before the guests.D) The employees of Disney Park are very strict with themselves.35. A) They sell ice cream. B) They take tickets.C) They take up any special service jobs. D) They see to the company’s management. Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In some ways, the United States has made spectacular progress. Fires no longer destroy 注意：实考中此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。