7.1-“镜子说”
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第七章生活中的轴对称●课时安排8课时第一课时●课题§7.1 轴对称现象●教学目标(一)教学知识点1.在生活实例中认识轴对称图形.2.了解轴对称图形及对称的概念.(二)能力训练要求1.通过丰富的生活实例认识轴对称,能够识别简单的轴对称图形及其对称轴.2.欣赏现实生活中的轴对称图形,体会轴对称在现实生活中的广泛运用和它的丰富文化价值.(三)情感与价值观要求在丰富的现实情境中,经历观察生活中的轴对称现象,探索轴对称现象共同特征等活动,进一步发展学生的空间观念.●教学重点轴对称图形的概念.●教学难点能够在现实生活中识别轴对称图形.●教学方法启发诱导法.●教具准备师:建筑物、柳叶、蝴蝶、窗花、风筝、飞机、剪刀等图片.投影片五张第一张:P186的图片及问题1~3(记作投影片§7.1A)第二张:做一做(记作投影片§7.1B)第三张:轴对称图形(记作投影片§7.1C)第四张:做一做(记作投影片§7.1D)第五张:想一想(记作投影片§7.1E)学生用具:针、纸,较软的且吸水性能好的纸或报纸.●教学过程Ⅰ.巧设现实情景,引入新课[师]我们生活在图形的世界中,许多美丽的事物往往与图形的对称联系在一起,(一边播放图片一边叙述).无论是随风起舞的风筝,凌空翱翔的飞机,还是中外各式风格的典型建筑;无论是艺术家的创造,还是日常生活中的图案的设计,甚至是照镜子,都和对称密不可分.正如20世纪著名数学家赫尔曼·外尔(H·weyl,1885~1955)所说的,“对称是一种思想,通过它,人们毕生追求,并创造次序、美丽和完善……”初步掌握对称的奥妙,不仅可以帮助我们发现一些图形的特征,还可以使我们感受到自然界的美与和谐,并能够根据自己的设想创造出对称的作品,装点生活.让我们走进轴对称的世界吧!感受它的奇妙和美丽!从这节课开始,来学习第七章:生活中的轴对称.今天我们先来研究第一节:轴对称现象.Ⅱ.讲授新课[师]下面我们来看几幅图片.大家观察后回答下列问题:(先出示建筑物、柳叶、蝴蝶、窗花等图片,然后出示投影片§7.1 A)1.这些图形有什么共同的特征?2.举出几个生活中具有对称特征的物体,并与同伴进行交流.3.你能将上图中的窗花沿某条直线对折,使直线两旁的部分完全重合吗?柳叶呢?[生甲]这些图形都是对称的.[生乙]这些图形从中间分开后,左右两部分能够完全重合.[生丙]在生活中具有对称特征的物体有:飞机、风筝、汽车.[生丁]还有一些建筑物,望远镜.……[师]同学们回答得真棒.老师这里有刚才大家看到的窗花、柳叶的图片,我发给大家每人一张,你来做一做:能否将窗花沿某条直线对折,使直线两旁的部分完全重合吗?柳叶呢?[生甲]窗花可以沿“中间的一条线”对折,使直线两旁的部分完全重合.[生乙]柳叶也可以沿“中间的一条线”对折,使直线左右两旁的部分完全重合.[师]很好,不仅窗花和柳叶可以沿一条直线对折,使直线两旁的部分完全重合,而且刚才大家看到的建筑物、蝴蝶等的图片都可以沿一条直线对折后,直线两旁的部分能够互相重合(电脑演示图片折叠)接下来大家拿出准备好的针、纸来动手做一做(出示投影片§7.1B)将一张纸对折后,用针尖在纸上扎出一个图案,将纸打开后铺平,观察所得到的图案.位于折痕两侧的部分有什么关系?与同伴进行交流.(学生操作、讨论)[生]我们经过操作可知:折痕两侧的图形完全重合.[师]很好.我们把这样的图形叫做轴对称图形(axially symmetricfigure).即:如果一个图形沿着一条直线折叠后,直线两旁的部分能够互相重合,那么这个图形叫做轴对称图形.这条直线即:折痕所在的直线叫做对称轴.在日常生活中,我们经常见到轴对称图形(出示图片)如:剪刀、等腰直角的三角板、相框……在几何图形中,经常见的轴对称图形有:(出示投影片§7.1C)你能找出它们的对称轴吗?分小组讨论.[生甲]图(1)是正方形,它有四条对称轴.图(2)是等腰三角形,它有一条对称轴.[生乙]图(3)是菱形,它有两条对称轴.图(4)是等腰梯形,它有一条对称轴.[生丙]图(5)是等边三角形,它有三条对称轴,图(6)是圆,有无数条对称轴.[师]同学们讨论得很正确,看屏幕(电脑演示对称轴及折叠过程)了解了轴对称图形及其对称轴的概念后,我们来做一做(出示投影片§7.1D)把准备好的一张质地较软、吸水性能好的纸或报纸拿出来,在纸的一侧上滴上一滴墨水,将纸迅速对折、压平,并用手指压出清晰的折痕,再将纸打开后铺平,观察所得到的图案.位于折痕两侧的墨迹图案彼此之间有什么关系?与同伴进行交流.(学生操作、讨论,教师指导)[生]我们经过操作、交流得知:位于折痕两侧的墨迹图案是对称的.它们可以互相重合.[师]很好.由此我们进一步了解了轴对称图形的特征:一个图形沿一条直线折叠后,折痕两侧的图形完全重合.接下来,大家来想一想(出示投影片§7.1 E)观察下图中的每组图案,你发现了什么?P188的图7-3.[生甲]这些图案都是轴对称图形.[生乙]不对,轴对称图形是指的一个图形,而图7-3的每组都是两个图形.只能说这两个图形对称.[师]乙同学说得很好,对于两个图形来说,如果沿一条直线对折后,它们能完全重合,那么称这两个图形成轴对称,这条直线就是对称轴.轴对称是说两个图形的位置关系.而轴对称图形是说一个具有特殊形状的图形.轴对称的两个图形和轴对称图形都有一条直线,都要沿这条直线折叠重合;如果把轴对称图形沿对称轴分成两部分,那么这两个图形就是关于这条直线成轴对称;反过来,如果把两个成轴对称的图形看成一个整体,那么它就是一个轴对称图形.好,接下来我们做练习来巩固所学内容.Ⅲ.课堂练习(一)课本P188随堂练习1、21.P188的图形都是轴对称图形,请分别找出每个图形的对称轴.答:P188的图形自左向右数,四个图形分别有6条对称轴、12条对称轴(不考虑颜色的差别),2条对称轴,1条对称轴.2.欣赏下面这幅风景图,你能找出两个成轴对称的图形吗?P189的风景图.答案:略.(二)看课本P186~188,然后小结.Ⅳ.课时小结本节课我们主要探讨了轴对称现象,了解了轴对称图形及有关概念、轴对称的两个图形,并区分了轴对称图形和两个图形成轴对称.Ⅴ.课后作业(一)课本P189习题7.1 1、2、3(二)1.预习内容:P191~1932.预习提纲.(1)角平分线的性质是什么?(2)线段的垂直平分线的性质是什么?Ⅵ.活动与探究1.你能找到有一条以上对称轴的国旗吗?[过程]通过这个活动,一方面让学生进一步了解轴对称图形及对称轴的概念,另一方面让学生了解世界各地.[结果]泰国、博茨瓦纳、尼日利亚、白俄罗斯、牙买加、密克罗尼西亚、日本、英国等的国旗有2条对称轴.瑞士的国旗有4条对称轴.●板书设计§7.1 轴对称现象一、轴对称图形:如果一个图形沿一条直线折叠后,直线两旁的部分能够互相重合,那么这个图形叫做轴对称图形.(这条直线叫对称轴.)二、做一做三、想一想:轴对称的两个图形.四、课堂练习五、课时小结六、课后作业。
课时练7.1轴对称一、单选题1.圆有()条对称轴。
A.1B.2C.无数条2.下列图形不是轴对称图形的是()A.线段B.正方形C.平行四边形3.下面图形中,只有一条对称轴的是()A.正方形B.等腰梯形C.圆D.平行四边形4.下面各图中,()是轴对称图形。
A. B. C.二、判断题5.长方形、正方形、平行四边形、圆都是轴对称图形。
()6..黑板是轴对称图形()7.正方形有四条对称轴。
()8.平行四边形不是轴对称图形。
()三、填空题9.长方形有________条对称轴,正方形有________条对称轴,圆有________对称轴。
10.从图形的性质考虑,哪一个与其他三个不同?请指出这个图形,并简述你的理由。
答:图形________;理由是:________。
四、解答题11.按要求作图。
(1)在方格纸中,画出点B(8,2)、C(12,2)。
(2)以BC作为底边画一个和平行四边形面积相等的等腰三角形。
(3)三角形的顶点A用数对表示为A()。
(4)画出这个等腰三角形的对称轴。
12.说一说生活中的中心对称图形。
五、应用题13.从镜子中看到一串数字是,这串数字实际是多少?参考答案一、单选题1.C2.C3.B4.B二、判断题5.错误6.正确7.正确8.正确三、填空题9.2;4;无数10.②;因为①③④都是轴对称图形。
四、解答题11.(1)(2)4×2×2÷4=16÷4=4故等腰三角形的高为4,等腰三角形如图所示:(3)A(10,6)(4)12.解:中心对称图形还有圆、正方形、长方形等。
五、应用题13.738416。
《有趣的小镜子》教案第一章:课程导入1.1 教学目标让学生初步了解小镜子的特点和作用。
激发学生对小镜子的兴趣,培养他们的观察力和想象力。
1.2 教学内容介绍小镜子的定义和常见类型。
引导学生观察小镜子的特点,如反射光线、成像等。
1.3 教学活动准备一些小镜子,让学生亲自观察和触摸,感受小镜子的特点。
引导学生思考小镜子的作用,如整理仪容、游戏等。
第二章:小镜子的反射原理2.1 教学目标让学生了解小镜子的反射原理。
培养学生的科学思维和实验能力。
2.2 教学内容介绍光的反射概念。
解释小镜子如何通过反射原理产生影像。
2.3 教学活动进行一个简单的实验,让学生观察光线照射在小镜子上的反射现象。
引导学生通过实验结果理解小镜子的反射原理。
第三章:小镜子的创意游戏3.1 教学目标让学生发挥创造力,利用小镜子进行游戏。
培养学生的合作意识和团队精神。
3.2 教学内容介绍一些小镜子的创意游戏,如镜子反射光线游戏、镜子捉迷藏等。
3.3 教学活动分成小组,每组选择一个小镜子游戏进行实践。
引导学生发挥创意,设计和尝试不同的小镜子游戏。
第四章:小镜子的艺术创作4.1 教学目标让学生利用小镜子进行艺术创作,培养他们的审美意识和创造力。
引导学生观察和欣赏周围的环境,提高他们的观察力。
4.2 教学内容介绍一些小镜子的艺术创作方法,如镜子拼贴、镜子绘画等。
4.3 教学活动准备一些艺术材料,让学生利用小镜子进行艺术创作。
引导学生观察和欣赏自己的作品,分享创作心得。
第五章:小镜子的环保意识5.1 教学目标让学生了解小镜子的环保意义。
培养学生的环保意识和责任感。
5.2 教学内容介绍小镜子的环保作用,如节能、减少资源浪费等。
5.3 教学活动进行一个小镜子环保意识的讨论,让学生分享自己对环保的看法和建议。
引导学生思考如何在日常生活中减少资源浪费,培养环保习惯。
第六章:小镜子的日常应用6.1 教学目标让学生了解小镜子在日常生活中的各种应用。
培养学生的生活技能和独立性。
部编版七年级道德与法治下册7.1《单⾳与和声》练习题(带答案)第1课时单⾳与和声⼀、⽐较与选择▲单项选择(下列每⼩题的四个选项中,只有⼀项是最符合题意的)1.⼩雅是个⾮常注重⾃⼰外表的漂亮⼥孩,所以在⽇常⽣活中很⽤⼼地打扮⾃⼰。
⼀次,⼩雅做了⼀个很漂亮的发型,但班主任⽼师认为这不符合中学⽣的⾝份,她觉得很委屈。
作为⼩雅的好朋友,在开导她时,你不可能⽤到的知识是()A.我们的某些个性化需要与集体规则存在⽭盾很正常B.我们只有遵守集体规则才能够保证集体的和声更美C.完全不⽤在意班主任的观点,只要能让⾃⼰开⼼就好D.个⼈意愿与集体规则不⼀致时,尽⼒遵守集体规则2.⼀个集体,是由个性各异的⼈组成的。
有时个⼈意愿和集体规则会发⽣冲突,这()A.⼀定是因为集体规则制定得不合理B.是个⼈意愿和集体规则对⽴导致的C.可能是因为个⼈和集体的需求不同D.⼀定是因为⼀⽅有着不正当的要求3.学校是我们学习、⽣活的主要场所,只有遵守学校的集体规则,才能保证我们学习、⽣活的顺利进⾏。
下列⾏为中能够体现个⼈意愿与集体规则相⼀致的是()A.⼩亮喜欢在⾃习课上和同桌谈论题B.⼩丽在图书馆⼀边看书⼀边吃零⾷C.⼩磊为了彰显个性,总是不穿校服D.⼩强每天⾃觉遵守校规,按时到校4.被评为第六届濮阳市“⼈民满意的⼗佳公安民警”的王元顺,在平凡的岗位上默默⽆闻、⽆私奉献,从事刑侦⼯作12年以来,风⾥来、⾬⾥去,加班加点是家常便饭,舍⼩家为⼤家,书写着新时期⼈民警察的时代赞歌。
“舍⼩家为⼤家”就是()A.个⼈利益和集体利益发⽣⽭盾时,要⾃觉服从集体利益B.个⼈利益和集体利益⽆法保持⼀致,始终都会产⽣冲突C.要想维护集体利益,我们就要毫不犹豫地抛弃个⼈利益D.集体是个⼈⽣存的依靠,个⼈的成长和发展离不开集体5.⾯对漫画《如此校规》中不合理的校规,我们要()A.理解学校的难处,遵守学校规定B.⽆条件地遵守,不能有任何怨⾔C.通过恰当的⽅式向学校提出建议D.调节⽣理规律,杜绝上课时如厕6.某班的板报上写着“班兴我荣,班衰我耻”的标语。
教案名称:大班《有趣的镜子》科学活动教案第一章:活动目标1.1 了解镜子的特性,知道镜子是由反射原理制成的。
1.2 学会用镜子进行观察和探索,培养幼儿的观察力和想象力。
1.3 培养幼儿的合作意识,提高幼儿的动手操作能力。
1.4 培养幼儿对科学的兴趣和好奇心,激发幼儿探索未知世界的欲望。
第二章:活动准备2.1 教具准备:镜子、透明塑料袋、彩纸、颜料、画笔、剪刀、胶水等。
2.2 环境准备:安静、明亮的活动室,每个幼儿有一张桌子和一个座位。
第三章:活动重难点3.1 活动重点:让幼儿了解镜子的特性,学会用镜子进行观察和探索。
3.2 活动难点:让幼儿动手制作有趣的镜子,并发挥想象力进行创作。
第四章:活动过程4.1 导入:教师向幼儿展示一面镜子,引导幼儿观察镜子的外观和反射效果,引发幼儿对镜子的兴趣。
4.2 新课导入:教师讲解镜子的原理,让幼儿了解镜子是由反射原理制成的。
4.3 示范制作:教师展示如何用透明塑料袋、彩纸、颜料等材料制作有趣的镜子。
4.4 幼儿制作:幼儿按照教师的示范,动手制作有趣的镜子。
4.5 作品展示:教师组织幼儿展示自己的作品,引导幼儿分享制作过程中的感受和发现。
第五章:活动延伸5.2 环境创设:教师将幼儿制作的作品装饰在活动室内,营造一个富有创意的环境氛围。
5.3 后续活动:教师可以根据幼儿的兴趣,组织类似的活动,让幼儿继续探索科学的奥秘。
第六章:教学方法6.1 讲授法:教师通过讲解镜子的原理,让幼儿了解镜子的特性。
6.2 示范法:教师示范制作有趣的镜子,引导幼儿动手操作。
6.3 观察法:教师组织幼儿观察镜子的反射效果,培养幼儿的观察力。
6.4 创作法:教师鼓励幼儿发挥想象力,创作有趣的镜子。
第七章:教学评价7.1 过程评价:观察幼儿在制作过程中的动手操作能力、观察力和想象力。
7.2 作品评价:评价幼儿制作的有意思镜子的创意、颜色搭配和完成度。
7.3 同伴评价:引导幼儿相互评价,培养幼儿的合作意识和沟通能力。
文献资料库:其他文献引述7.1施莱格尔兄弟和海涅==================================================================其他文献引述:一、韦勒克论弗▪施莱格尔的诗歌理论几篇新近问世发表的论美《断想》更清楚地揭示了弗▪施莱格尔的诗歌概念。
他对美的多样性、统一性、总体性加以区分,这种三分法来自康德量的范畴表,他将此解释为艺术作品里的充实、丰满、生气;和谐、组织;完美或神性。
前两条标准是大家知道的统一性和多样性的必要条件,即局部组织和整体结构,或者是我们现在的某种说法。
第三个范畴显然就是其他段落中谈到的神话性或无限性。
有时弗▪施莱格尔想到的无非是席勒和康德常说的艺术的宇宙品性。
“无限”是指道德高尚,维护人的道德自由,抵挡悲剧苦难;可是大体上说,由于他越来越多地强调这一点,诗便成为上帝创世的一部分,是跟本身即为自然的艺术作品相等的一个规模较小的平行物。
“一切神圣的艺术游戏只是对无限的世界游戏的有距离的摹仿,即对永远自我创造的艺术作品的摹仿”——用泛神论术语阐述的一段早期文字就这样说过。
但是我们不久便听到下面这些说法,如“艺术是上帝王国在尘世的可见的显现”,“唯有跟无限性和神圣性相通的东西才可能是美的”,诗歌“不外是上帝内心永恒圣旨的一种纯粹表达”。
他愈来愈多地将诗歌和宗教等量齐观,宣称哲学和诗歌是宗教的不同形式,设想哲学和诗歌的结合是一个终极目的。
实际上,他起初声称诗歌是“同样的先验世界观唯一的另一种表达,只是形式上有别于”唯心主义哲学。
弗▪施莱格尔改宗之后,在他看来,诗歌连同历史、神话、语言、科学、艺术,形成了更高级的知识即神启。
(韦勒克:《近代文学批评史》(第二卷),杨自伍译,上海译文出版社1988年版,第21页。
)二、弗▪施莱格尔论浪漫主义文学是包罗万象的浪漫主义的诗诗包罗万象的进步的诗。
它的使命不仅在于把一切独特的诗的样式重新合并在一起,使诗同哲学和雄辩术沟通起来。
GENTEX MIRROR INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONSby MITO CORPORATIONInstructions for Universal HarnessThese instructions have been prepared to provide you with details necessary for complete installation of the Gentex Automatic Dimming Mirror, Gentex Automatic Dimming Compass/Temperature Mirror, or Gentex Auto Dimming/Compass/Temperature Mirror with Map Lights. Be sure to read all instructions prior to beginning the installation. Follow all the safety guidelines outlined in this instruction book as well as those set forth by industry and government. Please direct all operational or troubleshooting questions to our MITO Customer Service Department toll-free at (800) 433-6486. This Gentex Rearview Mirror Universal Harness is designed for use in applications where a custom harness is not available for your vehicle.IT IS IMPORTANT THAT YOU OBTAIN THE CORRECT INFORMATION FOR YOUR VEHICLE, OR DAMAGE TO THE WIRING SYSTEM COULD OCCUR.PARTS NEEDED:One (1) MirrorOne (1) HarnessOne (1) Temp Probe Harness (only on comp/temp mirrors)One (1) Temp Sensor (only on comp/temp mirrors)One (1) Hang TagTools Required for Proper Installation:Safety GlassesDC Voltmeter Trouble light orFlashlightCrimping Pliers Power DrillTorx Driver #20 9/16" Drill BitPhillips screwdriver KnifeWire Strippers1.0 PREPARATION1.1 Inspect mirror for damage1.2 Check Parts List for accuracy.2.0 PREPARATION FOR ROUTING THE HARNESS (Inside the Driver's Side Area)2.1 Remove the "A" pillar (windshield post) trim molding, upper windshieldtrim molding (if applicable), and kick panel trim.INSTALLATION PRECAUTIONS/NOTES:" Do not use excessive force when removing OE mirror from windshield. The windshield button may separate from the windshield or the windshield may break." Do not use excessive force if removal of OE mirror button is necessary." Do not route wiring over sharp metal edges or allow to be pinched behind trim to avoid causing an electrical short or break in the wire." Manufacturer/distributor not responsible for installation-related damageto vehicle." Contact original purchase source if additional information is desired regarding these products. " For installation situations that installer is not familiar with, a qualified installation technician or mechanic should be consulted for assistance." Use wire ties to hold wires away from hot engine and critical parts such as brake and steering systems." Do not cut or try to modify temperature sensor harness in any way." Contact your local auto dealership or auto sound center to obtain detailed information pertaining to your specific automobile wire color information.3.0 REMOVE ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT (OEM) REARVIEW MIRROR CAUTION: DO NOT USE EXCESSIVE FORCE WHEN REMOVING MIRROR FROM WINDSHIELD. THE WINDSHIELD BUTTON MAY SEPARATE FROM THE WINDSHIELD OR THE WINDSHIELD MAY BREAK.3.1 Screw mount mirror removal procedure. Note that there are severalversions of mirror mount systems. If unfamiliar with mirror removal, seekprofessional assistance." Using a Philips screwdriver or a #20 torx bit, loosen the screw in the base of the mirror." After loosening screw, gently lift upward to slide mirror off of mirror mount.3.2 Wedge mount mirror removal procedure: (Common Method for screwlessmount)." Using a small 1/8" (4 mm) flat-blade screwdriver, insert the flat end into the opening at the bottom of the mirror mount at the windshield." Slide the screwdriver into the center of the mirror mount until resistance is felt." Gently apply a small amount of additional upward force to lift away locking spring in the mount." While still applying upward pressure with the screwdriver, grasp the mirror bracket and wiggle side to side. Lift mirror up toward the headliner and off the windshield mount button.3.3 Camlock Mirror Removal procedure: (Common Method)" Grasp the base of the mirror." Rotate 90 degrees left or right." Slide mirror downward toward dash to remove.4.0 INSTALL NEW INTERIOR MIRROR4.1 Wedge Mount Mirror Installation:" Slide the mirror bracket over the mirror button on the windshield." Rock mirror side to side to aid installation until mirror fits tightly onto mirror button." Use #20 Torx screwdriver to tighten locking screw through hole in center of compass pod below mirror mount.NOTE: If Gentex Mirror does not fit button on your windshield, it is possible that one of our adapter plates may, i.e. for some foreign manufactured vehicles. It may also be possible that the mirror button will have to be replaced with one that is compatible with the Gentex mirror, i.e. Fords built prior to 1996. If you need information concerning one of our Gentex adapter plates or a mirror button kit, please contact your Gentex mirror retailer.5.0 ROUTING OF THE GENTEX UNIVERSAL POWER HARNESSNOTE: Locate the Gentex power harness. It will have a flat 7 or10-pin connector which plugs into the mirror.5.1 From the bottom of the driver's side dash, near the post location, feed thisconnector up along the side of the dash to the opening at the "A"pillar near the base of the windshield. Pull the harness up far enough toreach the mirror location.5.2 Plug in the harness connector to its mirror counterpart. Route the harnessstraight up to the headliner.5.3 Gently pull down the front edge of the headliner and tuck the harness up under the edge of the headliner.5.4 Continue tucking the harness under the headliner along the top of the windshield working your way over to the driver's side "A" pillar. Dress the harness along the "A" pillar down to the dash opening.NOTE: It will probably be necessary to tape these wires in place,or wire tie them to the existing factory harness.Fig. 5.4Wire Color ConnectionBlack Ground WireRed +12V supply switched by ignitionYellow +12V constant power (battery)Brown Connected to +12V dome light circuit6.0 GROUND WIRE CONNECTION6.1 Locate an existing bolt or screw that is in contact with the vehicles metalbody in the area of the driver's step well.6.2 Route the mirror ground wire (black) to the ground point.6.3 Remove the bolt or screw from the ground point and install the ring terminal over the groundbolt/screw. Scrape off paint from mounting surface, if necessary, to obtain a solid connection.6.4 Reinstall and tighten the fastener.7.0 12-VOLT (POSITIVE) WIRE CONNECTION7.1 Route the 12-volt red wire to an ignition controlled wire.NOTE: If mirror remains on at all times, it could eventually drain the car's battery.7.2 Power source - Using a multi-meter, check for wire exiting fuse block that tests positive for being controlled by the ignition switch. The power must turn off when the ignition is in the OFF position.7.3 Expose some vehicle wiring by slicing open some of the insulation and connect the red ignition wire at this time. Use electrical tape to insulate and protect the connection. You may need to remove the butt connector and strip some insulation from the Gentex harness. See examples of a good connection on the following pages. Yellow wire (constant power source) is shown in the example.NOTE: Each vehicle is different. Always use a multi-meter and double check before makingany connections. If you are not familiar with vehicle wiring please consult a professional.**READ** - If you are installing a standard mirror, proceed to step 10.0. If you areinstalling a mirror with outside temperature, continue with step 9.0.9.0 ROUTING THE TEMPERATURE HARNESS (inside the engine compartment)9.1 Open the hood of the vehicle.9.2 Locate the temperature sensor portion of your harness. It is the section with the green wires.9.3 Locate a grommet in the firewall near the interior harness location and remove it.NOTE: If a grommet is not available, drill a 9/16" hole in a safe andconvenient place to feed the 2-pin connector through. Takecare not to cause damage to objects in the passengercompartment when drilling.9.4 Locate the temperature probe harness and lay it out with the 2-pin connectortoward the firewall. Pass this connector through the hole or grommet accessto just inside the passenger compartment.NOTE: It is important that the 2-pin connector be inside the vehicle toprevent moisture from coming in contact with it.9.5 Route the rest of the harness towards the front of the vehicle over the fender well to an area in front of the radiator.NOTE: The preferred location for the temperature probe is in the centerof the grille or some place where it will be in free air in front,or to the side, of the radiator. Down near the bumper may alsobe used. Avoid locating it inside or in front of the wheel well,engine compartment, or too close to the headlamps. Try tokeep the height no higher than the center of radiator, andno lower than 8" above the pavement. Always try to keep thetemperature probe in the center of the vehicle; never locateit outside of the frame rails.Fig. 9.59.6 Locate the temperature sensor probe.9.7 Plug the probe on the connector making sure that the gray moisture seal seats inside the probe collar.9.8 Clip on the temperature sensor probe. Do not install it pointing toward the rear of the car or pointing downwards, as water may get past the connector seals. Pull the excess temperature sensor harness back into the engine compartment.9.9 Use wire ties to secure the temperature sensor harness.NOTE: Take care to route away from the accelerator and brake areaso that the harness does not in any way interfere with theiroperation.9.10 Find the grommet that was removed in order to feed the temperature sensor harness through the firewall. Using a knife, carefully slit the grommet and slide the wires into the grommet and reinstall the grommet back to is original position in the firewall.9.11 If you have not already plugged the temperature sensor harness into the main power harness mating plug, do so at this time.**Read** - If you are installing a 50-9050549001M, proceed to step 12.0. If you are installing a 50-9050620001M, continue with step 10.010.0 12-VOLT (POSITIVE) BATTERY WIRE CONNECTION10.1 Route the yellow wire labeled battery to a constant power source. 10.2 Power source - Using a multi-meter, check for a wire at the fuse blockthat tests positive for +12 volts. The power must be present when theignition is in the OFF position.11.0 MAP LIGHT WIRE CONNECTION11.1 There are two (2) types of dome light circuits used in automobiles.Type A. All General Motors, most Chrysler, and some Ford importvehicles use a circuit that puts a constant +12 volts to the dome light.When the door is opened, the door jam switch provides a path to groundand the light comes on. In this case the wire at the switch will have +12 volts when the door is closed and 0 volts when the door is open.Type B. Most full-size Ford and some Chrysler vehicles use a circuit that has two wires at the door jam switch. When the door is closed, there is +12 volts on one wire but not the other. When the door is open, there is +12 volts on both wires.11.2 Using a multi-meter, check the power at the door switch wire(s) anddetermine if the circuit is Type A or Type B. Contact your local auto dealership or auto sound center to obtain detailed information pertaining to your specific automobile wiring.11.3 Route the brown wire to a location so it can be connected to the proper wire at the door switch. The wire at the door switch must change from +12 volts to 0 volts or 0 volts to +12 volts when the door is opened or closed!11.4 Use a scotch lock or t-tap to connect the brown wire or butt connector.11.5 Test the map lights on the mirror and compare it with the vehicle's dome light. Both the map lights and dome lights should turn on and off together.11.6 If the mirror map lights work opposite of the dome light, open the black box connected to the brown wire and change the position of the switch inside.NOTE: If the map light on the Gentex mirror does not turn off and youhave changed the position of the switch (11.6), disconnectbrown wire and repeat step 11.2.12.0 SECURING WIRE HARNESS12.1 Now that all wires from temperature probe harness and the main harness have been installed, they will need to be secured with wire ties." Under hood - be sure to keep wires away from moving parts suchas steering and brake mechanisms." Keep away from extremely hot engine components." Interior - wire tie all wires out of the way, making sure to avoidsteering and brake components.13.0 TESTING13.1 Turn the ignition switch to ON.13.2 With the vehicle in a fairly well lit area, perform the following:" Push and hold temperature switch for 15 seconds ON/OFF. Auto dimming is enabled when green LED is on." Cover the forward-looking photocell located on the back side of the mirror (a dark cloth or towel will work)." After a few seconds, the mirror will begin to darken (the time may vary with ambient light levels)." Remove the cover from the forward photocell and the mirror will begin to clear." With car in garage facing back wall, shift into reverse with foot on brake." Mirror testing is now complete.14.014.1 You are now ready for final assembly of removed components and calibration of your mirror. Operating instructions for your mirror are located on a hang tag provided with your mirror kit.Complete Parts List Required for InstallationIf you have any questions or comments regarding these instructions, please feel free to contact MITO Corporation at 800-433-6486.。
“镜子说”:
“镜子说”是文艺复兴时期的产物,达芬奇在谈论绘画时曾明确提出过,从文艺复兴时代开始甚是风行并占主流,后来普泛化为所有艺术理论(包括文论)的基本原理,即“再现论”。
它认为自然界和人类生活是文艺描写的对象,而文艺家的任务就是用不同的媒介(语言、画布、色彩、线条、音符等)把它再现(复制)出来。
德国浪漫主义诗人、散文家海涅在处理文艺与现实的关系上仍然坚持“镜子说”,认为艺术应该反映生活,这是他对德国古典文学,尤其是歌德文艺思想的继承。
意大利达·芬奇有关绘画艺木与观实关系的看法,他主张,“画家的心应当象一面镜子”,或以镜子为师,“如实反映安放在镜子前的各物体的许多色彩”,使绘画成为“第二自然”’做“自然的合法的女儿”或“自然的孙儿”。
(《芬奇论绘画》第41、17页,人民美术出版社1979年版)但同时认为,绘画是一门科学,既以感性经验为基础,又象数学那样严密精神,不能单凭肉眼的判断而合弃理性,只摹仿人的动作、姿态而不表现人的精神状态。
要求“画家与自然竞赛,并胜过自然”。
(同上第42页)在美学史上,把艺术比作现实或自然的境子的先后有:拍垃图、西塞罗、奥古斯丁、达·芬奇、丢勒、普丁汉、塞万提斯、莎土比亚、瓜里尼、弗·施莱格尔、雨果、巴尔扎克、则林斯基、列宁和卢卡契等。