Signatures for Black Hole production from hadronic observables at the Large Hadron Collider

Neural network-based detection of mechanical,sensor and biological faults in deep-troughhydroponicsK.P.Ferentinos a,*,L.D.Albright a ,B.Selman ba Department of Biological and En v ironmental Engineering,Cornell Uni v ersity,Ithaca,NY 14853,USAb Department of Computer Science,Cornell Uni v ersity,Ithaca,NY,14853,USAAbstractIn this work,two separate fault detection models are de v eloped:one for the detection of faulty operation of a deep-trough hydroponic system which is caused by mechanical,actuator or sensor faults,and one for the detection of a category of biological faults (i.e.specific stressed situations of the plants),namely the ‘‘transpiration fault’’.The neural network methodology was pro v ed to be successful in the task of fault detection,in both applications.The general fault detection model was capable of detecting a faulty situation in a v ery short time,in most cases within 20or 40min.In the case of the biological fault detection model,the ‘‘transpiration fault’’was generally detected within 2Á3h.The results show that both neural networks ha v e useful generalization capabilities.The influences of the conditions of the plants to the measured root zone v ariables are also in v estigated and they show that biological faults in general cannot be detected in this kind of culti v ation systems using the measurable v ariables used in this work.The most probable explanation is the inertia of o v erwhelming mass of the nutrient solution (compared to the mass of the plants),in a way that it becomes a limitation factor to the influence of plants condition to their root zone microen v ironment.#2003Else v ier Science B.V.All rights reserved.Keywords:Fault detection;Hydroponics;Feedforward neural networks;Biological faults;Backpropagation algorithms *Corresponding author.E-mail addresses:kpf3@(K.P.Ferentinos),lda1@ (L.D.Albright),selman@ (B.Selman).Computers and Electronics in Agriculture40(2003)65Á85www.else v /locate/compag0168-1699/03/$-see front matter #2003Else v ier Science B.V.All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/S0168-1699(03)00012-71.IntroductionThe goal of e v ery greenhouse facility is to optimize the quantity as well as the quality of production.Optimization is achie v ed using automated systems in order to control the en v ironment inside the greenhouse so that optimal conditions for the specific culti v ated plant are approximated.In addition,hydroponic culti v ation gi v es the opportunity to control root en v ironment precisely and,thus,to ha v e more extensi v e plant production system control.Loss of control o v er a greenhouse is a phenomenon usually ha v ing negati v e effects on the production and,consequently,the profit of the facility.Certain failures (faults)are easily noticed,while others can be difficult to detect.Of course,a feedback-controlled greenhouse may be able to maintain desired conditions e v en when some parts of the control mechanism are out of order.Howe v er,especially when faults concern the plants,the effects may be disastrous for the entire production.Thus,detection and diagnosis of possible faults in that area become v ery important.In particular,that which is the most important is rapid detection of de v eloping faults.That is,detection at the earliest possible stage of slowly de v eloping faults,as well as quick identification of the problem.In order to enable fast detection,an on-line identification system is necessary.Detection of a stressed plant is v ery important for its final production.The moti v ation to detect faults in the plants themsel v es was the assumption that stressed plants that react with their microen v ironment in a hydroponic system would affect this microen v ironment in a detectable way,v ia the collected measurements.For example,the rate of change of pH con v eys the rate of nitrate uptake,which is a measure of growth rate.EC can be used as an estimate of the concentration of nutrient elements in the solution and so as an estimate of the plants’nutrient uptake.The quantity of dissol v ed oxygen (DO)in the nutrient solution can gi v e a clear indication of the metabolic rate of the plant roots and,hence,their v itality.Artificial intelligence (AI)has de v eloped to such a degree that it can lead to an intelligent control system capable of self-examination.The combined information of different sensors,through AI methodologies such as neural networks (NNs),can lead to quality classification of isolated information deri v ed from specific sensors or actuators.In this way,a fault detection and diagnosis system could e v entually be de v eloped,capable of detecting and identifying specific failures in parts (sensors or actuators)of the hydroponic system,by simply reading the collected measurements of the system sensors and actuators.As an extension of the ‘‘speaking plant’’approach (Hashimoto,1989),the hydroponic system,which consists of mechanical and electronic equipment and also of culti v ated plants,could be considered as one hybrid (bio-mechatronic)system.In this extent,biological failures,in the sense of stressed situations of the plants,could possibly be detected by a fault detection system,using simply the readings of the abo v e-mentioned measurements.Beha v iors of normal and malfunctioning systems may differ completely and those differences can be detected by measuring the en v ironmental v ariables of the system.The main ad v antage of the use of NNs is that v alues of en v ironmental v ariables and the corresponding states of the system are unnecessary.Thus,one need not ha v e anK.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 40(2003)65Á8566K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture40(2003)65Á8567 accurate model of the hydroponic system,from which se v eral residuals or fault signatures are to be extracted and used for final fault detection.NNs ha v e been pro v ed capable of identifying faults in se v eral complex biological processes(Parlos et al.,1994;Sorsa et al.,1991;Venkatasubramanian and Chan,1989;Watanabe et al., 1989)in which,neither analytical models nor intermediate residual calculations were used.2.Materials and methodsLettuce plants(Lactuca sati v a,v ar.Vi v aldi)were culti v ated in a continuous production deep-trough hydroponic system,consisted of three small growing ponds (tanks).The ponds of this system were filled with nutrient solution(Sonne v eld and Stra v er,1994)and the plants were placed in specially placed holes on Styrofoam panels that co v ered the ponds and floated on the surface.Each stainless steel pond had an area of0.75m2(1.25m)0.60m).Seeds were sown in small rockwool cubes with v olume around3.5cm3,each of which had a small hole(around0.2cm3)filled with peatlite,wherein each seed was placed.Seedlings were transplanted from a growth chamber into the ponds12days after sowing.Foam spacers of2cm width were used to pro v ide sufficient room for the plants as they grew larger and were added incrementally as plants were larger.Each pond had a range of plant ages ranging from12-day-old,which was the transplanting age of the plants from the germination chambers to the ponds,to27-day-old.E v ery2days,the largest plants of the hydroponic system(of28days of age)were har v ested,the rest of the plants were mo v ed upwards,12-day-old plants were transplanted from the growth chamber into the ponds and new seeds were sown in the growth chamber.In this way,a ‘‘continuous production’’type of system was de v eloped,which resembles real-life hydroponic production systems more closely than other techniques that ha v e been used in neural network modeling applications(e.g.Ferentinos and Albright,2002) and,in addition,it produces nearly constant conditions.Desired v alues of the en v ironmental parameters during the operation of the hydroponic system were an air temperature of248C during the day and198C during the night,relati v e humidity from30to70%and a light integral of17mol m(2per day of photosynthetically acti v e radiation.For the nutrient solution,the pH set point was5.8,the EC was maintained between1150and1250m S cm(1and the DO was maintained between6and7.5mg/l.2.1.Normal and faulty situationsThe procedure of training a fault detection NN requires an accurate definition of ‘‘normal operation’’,defined in our case as unstressed plants in a system that is in control.NNs do not need the existence of some representation of normal operation by means of specific v alues of the en v ironmental v ariables in order to learn the pattern.Thus,we need to know only when the system and,in extension,the plants are in conditions considered to be normal by the producers,and also to know whichtraining data sets correspond to those normal conditions.The v alues of the measured v ariables mentioned before were considered to be the normal v alues for the system and the plants were considered to be normal as long as they appeared healthy.We also need to define the ‘‘faulty operation’’and to categorize this kind of operation into different types of faulty operations,one for each different kind of fault.In order to take data sets for each kind of fault,we ha v e to impose those faults and take the corresponding measurements of the microen v ironment v ariables.Because NN was trained off-line (meaning that the data sets were first collected and then used for training),there was no way of mistakenly ha v ing unhealthy plants in data sets of ‘‘normal operation’’.The ‘‘faulty operation’’consisted of three different kinds of faults:Actuator/mechanical faults.These are failures in some actuator or some mechanical part of the hydroponic system.The actuator fault considered was the malfunction of the pH control pump (fault type 1)and the mechanical fault was the malfunction of the nutrient solution circulation pump (fault type 2).Sensor faults.These are failures in the sensors of the system.The ones considered were (a)pH sensor failure (fault type 3)and (b)EC sensor failure (fault type 4).Plant (or biological)faults.These are problems in the culti v ated plants themsel v es and are di v ided into (a)root area faults and (b)shoot area faults.For the first two categories of faulty operations,se v eral faults were especially imposed on the actuators and sensors of the system in order to train the NN model and in v estigate its inherent fault detection capabilities.The failures in the pumps were reproduced by turning off the pumps at specific times for some known periods of time.The sensor faults were reproduced by adding a periodically changing noise (sine wa v e)to the readings of the pH or EC sensors.For the third category,howe v er,faults were imposed directly on the plants.These faults can be di v ided into two categories:root zone faults and shoot zone faults.Four different series of experiments were performed:ÁThe largest plants (of ages of 21,23,25and 27days)were remo v ed from the ponds and held with their roots exposed to air for periods of 5min.In this way,possible problems in the root zone of the plants were imitated.ÁSe v eral lea v es of the largest plants were remo v ed.This action imposed permanent damage on the plants and imitated the effects of major problems in the shoot zone of the plants.ÁThe canopy of the largest plants was disturbed for inter v als of 5min and slightly damaged.This imitated effects of similar but less influential shoot problems than the pre v ious series of experiments.ÁThe largest plants (of ages of 23,25and 27days)were co v ered with transparent plastic bags.This imposed a temporary fault that imitated major problems in the shoot zone.K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 40(2003)65Á8568K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture40(2003)65Á8569 2.2.General fault detection neural networkThe feedforward methodology of NNs was used(a good theoretical reference is Fine,1999)for the fault detection task.As possible inputs of the NN model,the en v ironmental parameters(air temperature,relati v e humidity and light intensity), the measurable v ariables of the microen v ironment of the plant(pH,EC,DO, nutrient solution temperature and transpiration rate of the plants)and the control signals of the pH and the DO control schemes(amounts of acid and oxygen added, respecti v ely)were considered.As explained below,biological faults showed no correlation with any measured v ariable except for the transpiration rate.On the other hand,transpiration rate was not affected by the first two fault categories (mechanical/actuator and sensor faults).Therefore,two separate NN models were de v eloped:one for the detection of mechanical/actuator and sensor faults,and a second one for the detection of biological(or plant)faults.The first fault detection neural network(FDNN)model was de v eloped in order to detect general failures in the hydroponic system of either mechanical or electronic (sensor)nature.The network inputs were the pH,the EC,the DO and the temperature of the nutrient solution and also the air temperature,relati v e humidity and light intensity at the le v el of the plants,together with the control signals of the pH and the DO.In addition to these inputs,one-step and two-step histories of the pH,EC and DO v ariables were included.That is,for each of these v ariables,three inputs existed:one for time t(current time),one for time t(1(pre v ious time step) and one for time t(2(two time steps before).Thus,the total number of inputs was 15.The time step was20min.The network had a single binary output that represented either normal(0)or faulty(1)situation.That is,all mechanical and sensor faults were treated as a general‘‘faulty operation’’.(A model that,in addition, performs isolation of each of those faults,is presented in Ferentinos and Albright, 2003).Se v eral different architectures of one-hidden-layer and two-hidden-layer networks were tested,with two different acti v ation functions(logistic and hyperbolic tangents).The training methodology was the Backpropagation Training Algorithm (Rumelhart et al.,1986).Four different multidimensional minimization algorithms (steepest descent,conjugate gradient,quasi-Newton and Le v enbergÁMarquardt algorithm)were tested.An on-line adjustable learning rate performed better than a constant one.In the steepest descent and the conjugate gradient algorithms,the Hessian was used at e v ery iteration to sol v e for the‘‘best’’learning rate.For the other two algorithms,the‘‘best’’learning rate was calculated with an approximate line search using a cubic interpolation.The final NN fault detection system was tested using new data and its generalization capabilities were explored.2.3.Biological fault detection neural networkContrary to the assumptions and expectations mentioned in Section1,the first three series of biological faults showed no detectable effect on the measurable v ariables.Not e v en the transpiration rate,a v ariable strongly linked with plants’physiological condition,was noticeably affected.In the case of the first fault type,this can be explained by the large buffering capacity of the nutrient solution,which masks the effects of the fault.In the case of the second fault type,probably the transpiration rate was not influenced because of its compensation by the loss of plant sap from the cut surfaces of the plants.Finally,in the case of the third fault type,it seems that the disturbance of the plants’canopy was not sufficient to influence the system’s measured v ariables.The large buffering capacity of the nutrient solution was again the major factor.The fourth fault type,co v ering of the plants with transparent plastic bags,showed some effect only in the transpiration rate (for this reason it is referred as ‘‘transpiration fault’’from now on).The other v ariables of the system were not affected.Transpiration rate,e v en though it was highly correlated with the en v ironmental conditions of the greenhouse (temperature,light intensity and relati v e humidity),ga v e a clear indication of the existence of stressed plants.In order to show the effect of this fault to the transpiration rate,a series of graphs is presented.In these graphs,the cumulati v e differences of e v apotranspiration rates of the ponds of the hydroponic system are graphed o v er time.In the cases of fault existence,one pond maintained normal conditions while the other contained the stressed plants.The e v apotranspiration rate was e v aluated by continuously measuring the weights of the ponds.Fig.1a shows the cumulati v e e v apotranspiration rate differences between two ponds,say ‘‘pond 1’’and ‘‘pond 2’’,that both ha v e normal plants.Normally,the differences should be constant and not increasing.Howe v er,because of the air flow abo v e the ponds,if the plotted cumulati v e rates are the differences in the form ‘‘pond 2minus pond 1’’,then ‘‘pond 2’’always has larger e v aporation than ‘‘pond 1’’.All the experiments shown in this section were performed under these air flow conditions in the greenhouse.A change of the air flow pattern after data collection pro v ed that the e v apotranspiration rate differences were caused by the air flow abo v e the ponds.In all graphs,cumulati v e v alues were initialized to zero each time a transplanting took place in the hydroponic system (e v ery 2days).The main reason,besides the con v enience of ha v ing smaller v alues of cumulati v e rates for easier interpretation and comparison,was that during transplanting,the ponds were manually disturbed and the measured weights during those periods did not represent the real weights of the ponds.Fig.1b shows the cumulati v e e v apotranspiration rate differences when the second fault type (remo v ed lea v es)was imposed at around time inter v al No.2000.At that point,half of the lea v es of the largest plants of ‘‘pond 1’’were remo v ed,while nothing changed in ‘‘pond 2’’.The normally expected result of reduced transpiration in ‘‘pond 1’’,would be an increment of the difference between transpiration rates of ‘‘pond 2’’and ‘‘pond 1’’,which clearly did not happen.A period of 3days after the occurrence of the fault is shown in the graph,and nothing changed in the usual differences between the two ponds.All cur v es in Fig.1b are v ery similar to the ones in Fig.1a and in both plots the maximum cumulati v e differences do not exceed 1.5kg at the end of the 2-day periods.As mentioned before,this beha v ior is explained if the additional e v aporation from the cuts of the remo v ed lea v es is taken into account.K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 40(2003)65Á8570Thus,no indication of the fault appeared in this case.Similar results were obtained by the imposed faults of remo v ing the largest plants from the tanks for periods of 5min or disturbing their lea v es (fault types 1and 3,respecti v ely).In Fig.1c and d,two different experiments of imposing the ‘‘transpiration fault’’are presented.As can be seen from these graphs,the e v apotranspiration rate differences between normal plants and stressed plants increase in quite a large degree during the faults,as they reach or e v en exceed the v alue of 2.5kg in most cases.This increment was larger during the first days because during that period more plants were co v ered with plastic bags.One day after the initiation of the fault,one series of stressed (co v ered)plants was har v ested and after that,e v ery 2days,one more series was har v ested,up to a period of 5days from the beginning of the fault,when all stressed plants had been har v ested and e v apotranspiration returned to normal v alues.In Fig.1c,the fault was imposed at inter v al No.1000,while in Fig.1d at inter v al No.900.In summary,the in v estigation of the influence of biological faults in the main measurable v ariables of the hydroponic system,i.e.pH,EC,DO andtranspiration Fig.1.Cumulati v e e v apotranspiration rate differences between:(a)two ponds in normal operation,(b)a pond in normal operation and a pond with fault type 2(remo v ed lea v es)*fault was imposed around inter v al No.2000,(c,d)a pond in normal operation and a pond with fault type 4(co v ered plants)in both graphs *faults were imposed around inter v al No.1000(c)and inter v al No.900(d).K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 40(2003)65Á8571rate,showed that all tested faults had no detectable effect on these v ariables,except for the fault that consisted of co v ering the plants with transparent plastic bags (‘‘transpiration fault’’),which ga v e a significant influence in the transpiration rate of the plants.Based on this fact,a biological fault detection neural network (BFDNN)model was de v eloped,in order to make this biological fault detectable during the operation of the hydroponic system.As in the general fault detection model,the feedforward methodology of NNs was used for this model.All the analysis pre v iously described used comparison of the in v estigated pond of the hydroponic system with another pond,which was known to be under normal operation.Ob v iously,if we need to construct a fault detection system for real-life application,the existence of such an ‘‘ideal’’pond for reference cannot be assumed.Thus,the constructed NN model used only data from one pond and no comparisons with another pond.The inputs to the network were the weight of the pond and the en v ironmental v ariables of the greenhouse,air temperature,light intensity at the le v el of the plants and relati v e humidity.In addition,the temperature of the nutrient solution was included as input.The single output of the network represented either normal (0)or faulty (1)operation.The biological fault considered before,i.e.the ‘‘transpiration fault’’,is by nature v ery slowly de v eloping,compared to the other types of faults considered here.In addition,the real effect of the fault is not on the weight itself but rather on the rate of weight change.Thus,a sufficient amount of weight history v alues is required by the NN for the extraction of the desired results,which is the detection of the fault in a reasonable time.The exact amount of that history,how many past weight v alues are going to be used,cannot be known a priori.Se v eral sizes were tried.More specifically,networks with 5,10,15and 20inputs of weight v alues were tested.Thus,the NNs had a total of 9,14,19and 24inputs,respecti v ely,including air temperature,light intensity,relati v e humidity and temperature of nutrient solution.2.4.Training of the general FDNNThe general fault detection NN model was trained with experimental data collected from all three ponds of the system,for both normal and faulty situations.Approximately 15(non-continuous)days of data formed the final training set.The time step of these data was 20min.Thus,the training set was based on 1050entries for each input of the neural network.The training process included two basic parts.The first part,the preliminary training process,determined the best combination of network architecture and training algorithm.Se v eral candidate network topologies were trained (both 1-HL and 2-HL networks)with all four training algorithms and the results were compared.The second part of the training process,which was the basic training process,focused on training the best combination of architecture and algorithm.Based on the preliminary training,the network architecture/algorithm combination that ga v e the best results was the 2-HL NN with nine nodes in the first hidden layer and nine nodes in the second hidden layer,trained with the quasi-Newton algorithm.K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 40(2003)65Á8572The basic training process had a goal to further train the selected NN with the best possible algorithm for this system and architecture,which was pro v en to be the quasi-Newton algorithm.Many different random initial network parameters were tested in that training.Also,se v eral v alues of the coefficient of the penalty term for the regularization(l),v arying by the order of5,were tried.Both logistic and hyperbolic tangent acti v ation functions(functions of hidden nodes)were tested.The results of these tests showed that the v alue of l that leads to the minimum sum squared error(SSE)was l00.05and that the network with logistic acti v ation functions performed better than the one with hyperbolic tangent acti v ation functions.Thus,the final NN model consisted of a network with15inputs,two hidden layers with nine nodes each that had logistic acti v ation functions,and one output.The preferred training algorithm was the backpropagation training algorithm using the quasi-Newton multidimensional minimization algorithm with parameter l00.05.2.5.Training of BFDNNSimilar to the training process described before,a preliminary training process of the BFDNN took place in order to determine the best combination of network architecture and training algorithm,by training se v eral candidate network topolo-gies(both1-HL and2-HL networks)with all four training algorithms(steepest descent,conjugate gradient,quasi-Newton and Le v enbergÁMarquardt)and com-paring the results.Here,the additional parameter of the number of inputs,as explained before,was considered.The rest of the training process focused on training the best combination of architecture and algorithm.Many different random initial network parameters were tested with weights ranging in the area[(1/d,1/d],where d is the number of network inputs(Duda et al.,2001).Because of the large amount of data and the complexity that the v arying number of inputs incorporated,the computational power consumption factor became a limitation.Thus,only logistic acti v ation functions were used,as they seem to be more successful than hyperbolic tangent in most rele v ant applications,and also the penalty term for the regulariza-tion(l)was kept constant.These parameters were in v estigated later,during the final training of the network.The output node had a linear summation function.The training set consisted of data collected during four repetitions of the experiment of co v ering the plants with transparent plastic bags,as well as normal data collected during normal operation of the system.The experiments of‘‘faulty situation’’took place during the period from February2001to the end of April2001. The total amount of data summed up to around17.5days.The time step used was10 min.Thus,part of the training set with faulty data consisted of2500entries(columns in matrix form).17.5days of normal data were also used,from the afternoon of March25,2001,until early in the morning of April12.Thus,the entire training data set consisted of5000columns.Each column was of the following form: [weight(t)weight(t(1)weight(t(2)ÁÁÁnutr sol temp(t)air temp(t)light(t)relhum (t)]T:K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture40(2003)65Á8573The number of weight v alues that were included depended on the network that was used,as it was explained before.In addition,the output element of the network was included at the bottom of each column.Thus,the first half of the columns had the v alue 1as the last element,while the rest half columns the v alue 0.The results of the preliminary training with all four training algorithms,with the exception of the conjugate gradient algorithm in the case of 1-HL networks,showed that the fourth NN (‘‘NN4’’)that has the largest history of weight v alues,outperformed the other three in most cases.More specifically,the performance achie v ed by all four networks was proportional to the size of the weight v alues history.In most cases of different numbers of nodes in the hidden layer,NN4outperformed the other networks,while in general,the performance gets worse as weight v alues history decreases (NN30NN20NN1).Se v eral 2-HL network architectures were also tried.Like in the case of 1-HL architectures,in general,the performance was proportional to the size of the weight v alues history;thus NN4ga v e the best results in most cases.The NN that ga v e the best performance in the preliminary training explorations was a 2-HL network with 24inputs (NN4),with 14nodes in the first hidden layer and se v en nodes in the second hidden layer,trained with the quasi-Newton algorithm.This network was further trained for 1000iterations.Again,se v eral initial random weights in the range [(1/24,1/24]were used,in order to a v oid local minima.Se v eral v alues of the penalty term for the regularization (l )as well as of the other algorithm parameters were tested.In addition,both logistic and hyperbolic tangent acti v ation functions were used.The best performance was gi v en with l 00.1and logistic acti v ation functions.The mean-squared error of the final NN was equal to 0.0984.3.Results3.1.Testing results of the general FDNNTesting consisted of presenting new data to the trained NN model and exploring its generalization capabilities.The main goal in a fault detection system is not only detection of the existence of a fault,but also its rapid detection.Especially,when we deal with slowly de v eloping faults,the time factor becomes more important because these faults are more difficult to detect as they begin.Six testing data sets were presented to the NN fault detection system.These data sets are described in Table 1.Each set starts with data of normal operation and some specific fault is imposed at some known time,except for the last data set that contains only normal data.The faults,after their introduction,last up to the end of the testing tests.The output of the NN was considered to represent a faulty operation if it had a v alue greater than 0.5,while for v alues smaller than 0.5a normal operation was assumed.Normal operation of the pH control pumps consists of temporal instantaneous operations of the pumps e v ery time the pH control scheme of the hydroponic system requires the addition of acid in the nutrient solution.The K.P.Ferentinos et al./Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 40(2003)65Á8574。

⿊孔线⽣产⼯艺流程The Black Hole Thread production process begins with selecting high-quality raw materials.These are then processed through a series of refining steps to ensure purity and consistency.The refining process is followed by threading,where the material is drawn into a fine,uniform thread.Finally,quality checks ensure durability and reliability,resulting in Black Hole Thread's signature product.⿊孔线，也被⼴⼤⾏业⼈⼠称为“遮光⿊线”或“全遮光⿊线”，是现代窗帘、窗饰及遮阳产品中的重要组成部分。

其独特的⿊⾊外观与优良的遮光性能，使其在市场上占据了举⾜轻重的地位。

那么，这种产品的⽣产⼯艺流程⼜是怎样的呢？本⽂将对⿊孔线的⽣产⼯艺流程进⾏详细的解析。

⼆、材料选择与准备⿊孔线的⽣产⾸先需要选择⾼质量的原材料。

⼀般来说，主要材料为聚酯纤维（PET）或尼⻰（PA），这些材料具有优异的耐磨性、抗⽼化性和抗紫外线性能。

除了主要材料，还需要⼀些辅助材料，如染料、助剂等。

在材料准备阶段，还需要对原料进⾏严格的检查，确保其质量符合⽣产要求。

同时，对原料进⾏适当的预处理，如清洗、烘⼲等，以保证⽣产出的⿊孔线质量稳定。

三、纺丝与织布纺丝是将原料转化为纤维的过程。

在纺丝过程中，需要控制纤维的细度、强度和伸⻓率等参数，以保证纤维的质量。

纺丝完成后，得到的纤维会被送往织布机进⾏织布。

织布过程中，需要选择合适的织法和密度，以保证织物的结构紧密、耐磨性强。

SAVE TIME! READ THE ENTIRE MANUAL BEFORE BEGINNING HOISTER INSTALLATION.INSTRUCTIONS FOR HOISTING JEEP TOPSHarken,Inc.•N15W24983BluemoundRd,Pewaukee,WI53072-4974•Tel:262-691-3320•Fax:262-701-5780•Email:*******************•Web:*NOTE: (G) Block and tackle variesTOOLSDrill Plumb lineDrill bits: 5/32" (4 mm)**7/32" (5.5 mm)5/16" (8 mm)Pencil Stud finder StepladderKIT INCLUDESA1welded screw eyeB4pigtail lag screwsC1shackleD4pulleysE2webbing straps with buckles 7' (2.13 m)F1single black/red hoisting rope G1block and tackle withcleat (G1) and ropeH4black drop ropes: 2 long, 2 shortI4lag bolts 1/4" x 21/2" (6 x 63 mm)J4washers 1/4" (6 mm)K2organizer platesL2organizer pulleys PURCHASE SEPARATELY IF NEEDED See “note” Step 1B, page 6.1pine board (riser) (grade 2)2" x 6" x 7" (50 mm x 152 mmx 180 mm). Do not use for raftersrunning sideways.2pine boards (grade 2) 2" x 6" x 6'(50 mm x 152 mm x 1.83 m)8lag bolts and washers 5/16" x 4"(8 x 100 mm)PURCHASE ADDITIONAL FOR RAFTERS RUNNING SIDEWAYS See Step 2A, page 7.1pine board (grade 2) 2" x 4" x 6'(50 mm x 100 mm x 1.83 m)2lag bolts and washers 5/16" x 31/2"(8 mm x 90 mm)7803Rope organizer components DO NOT UNTIEDO NOT UNTIEPigtail lag screwsHCP1444BPulleys224AD Welded screw eyeHCP1443AShackle072CDrop black ropesHCP1447/HCP1448**HLag boltsHFS908IOrganizer platesH-28375AKWashersHFS913J Organizer pulleysH-52010LWebbing straps with bucklesHCP1459.SETESingle black/red hoisting ropeHCP1483**FBlock and tackle*G(G1) Cleat7754ASSYPART 1: ASSEMBLY FOR RAFTERS RUNNING FRONT-TO-BACK INSTALLATION OVERVIEW Page 4STEP 1: Determine Hoister location Page 5 - 6 STEP 2: Install mounting boards Page 7STEP 3: Install pigtail lag screws Page 8STEP 4:Install rope organizer Page 9STEP 5:Assemble Hoister system Page 9PART 2: ASSEMBLY FOR RAFTERS RUNNING SIDEWAYS INSTALLATIO NO VERVIEW Page 10STEP 1:Determine Hoister location Page 11 - 12 STEP 2:Install mounting boards Page 13S TEP 3:Install pigtail lag screws Page 13 - 14 STEP 4:Install rope organizer Page 14STEP 5: Assemble Hoister system Page 15 PART 3: FOR ALL ASSEMBLIESSTEP 6:Assemble Hoister systems continued Page 16 - 17 STEP 7: Operating Hoister systems Page 18 Appendix, maintenance, and warranty Page 19Raftercenter-to-centerdistanceMounting boards2" X 4"(50 mm x 100 mm)for mounting organizer –no riser board usedAlternate position for rafters that run sideways.Frontwall2" x 6"50 mm x 152 mmRaftersOrganizer VIEWED FROM BELOW34STEP 1: Determine Hoister location Page 5 - 6STEP 2: Install mounting boards Page 7STEP 3: Install pigtail lag screws Page 8STEP 4: Install rope organizerPage 9STEP 5: Assemble Hoister systemPage 9OPTION 1. Above garage door: Make sure there is enoughclearance to lift and store object above open garage door.OPTION 2. Below garage door: Use if not enough clearance for above garage door storage (Option 1). Object has clearance to lift and store below open garage door.Measure length of object. Plan to position Hoister so garage door can open with object lowered.67DIAGRAM 4. Mark center-to-center distance between rafters on mounting boards. Attach mounting boards to rafters.op ewPull Jeep into garage with object on Jeep rack. Disconnect automatic garage door.MARK LOCATION POINTS89DIAGRAM 12. If distance to front wall is less than distance needed to lift object, move the welded screw eye (A) along the front wall until distance 2 is equal to distance 3(see Diagram 11).DIAGRAM 10. Assemble rope organizer using plate (K) and pulleys (L). Fasten to mounting board with lag bolts (I) and washers (J).IMPORTANT! Do not overtighten bolts. This can keep rope organizer pulleys (L) from turning properly.A. MOUNT RISER BOARD AND DRILL HOLESFRONT WALLfor drop ropes (H) to maximize distance object can be lowered.B. ASSEMBLE ROPE ORGANIZERIf distance to front wall is still too short, consider running block and tackle to the side of to the object instead of lengthwise.SEE APPENDIX — PAGE 19.LEADING BLOCK AND TACKLE TO SIDE WALLDIAGRAM 9can be lowered will be limited by length of rope supplied.Drill a 7/32" (5.5 mm) hole into top plate of garage for mounting welded screw eye. Always wear safety glasses. Screw welded screw eye into top plate until threads just disappear into top plate. Do not overtighten. See procedure and warnings for "Install Pigtail Lag Screws".Mount 2" x 6" x 7" (50 mm x 152 mm x 180 mm) riser board on front mounting board centered between the two pigtail lag screws (B). Drill 5/32" (4 mm) holes.Always wear safety glasses. Attach riser boards using two 1/4" (6 mm) lag bolts (l) and washers (J) (included). Do not overtighten.DIAGRAM 8. Hold rope organizer plate (K) on riser board near the side toward the front wall. Use plate as template to mark center holes. Drill two 5/32" (4 mm) holes.VIEWED FROM BELOW10STEP 1: Determine Hoister location Page 11 - 12STEP 2: Install mounting boards Page 13S TEP 3: Install pigtail lag screws Page 13 - 14STEP 4: Install rope organizerPage 14STEP 5: Assemble Hoister systemPage 15Rafter center-to-center distanceMounting boards2" X 4"(50 mm x 100 mm)for mounting organizer – no riser board usedAlternate position for rafters that run sideways.Front wall2" x 6"RaftersOrganizerVIEWED FROM BELOWMeasure the distance as indicated below. Plan to position Hoister so garage door can open with object lowered.13DIAGRAM 16. Attach board for mounting organizer using 5/16" (8 mm) 31/2" (90 mm) lag bolts and washers (not included). See Step 3A to determine distance between mounting boards.A. DRILL CEILING RAFTER ATTACHMENT POINTSLOCATE AND DRILL CEILING RAFTERSMounting boards must attach to ceiling rafters (see Diagram 16). On finished ceilings, locate rafters using stud finder. Follow manufacturer's instructions. Mark center of ceiling rafters. Drill 7/32" (5.5 mm) holes in a straight line square to the rafters. Always wear safety glasses. See Diagram 4 below.Pull Jeep into garage with object on Jeep rack. Disconnect automatic garage door.A. DETERMINE PIGTAIL LAG SCREW (B) LOCATIONPULL JEEP INTO GARAGEMARK LOCATION POINTSUse plumb line to locate four lifting points on mounting boards above Jeep.Alternate position for rafters that run sideways.Front wallNote: Mount boards so that object width VIEWED FROM BELOWB. DRILL MOUNTING BOARDMeasure center-to-center distance between 7/32" (5.5 mm) rafter holes. Mark distance on mounting boards. Allow room for mounting 2" X 4" toward front wall. Mark drill points in the center of board. Drill 5/16" (8 mm) holes completely through the mounting boards.C. ATTACH MOUNTING BOARDS TO CEILINGAttach mounting boards using 5/16" x 4" (8 mm x 10 mm) lag bolts and washers (not included). Do not over-tighten.D. ATTACH 2" X 4" TO MOUNTING BOARDSHold 2" x 4" up to ends of mounting boards and mark screw location on each side. Lower and drill 5/16" (8 mm) holes. Hold 2" x 4" in place and mark holes in ends of mounting boards. Leave room for pigtail lag screws shown in Diagram 17. Drill a 7/32" (5.5 mm) hole in the end of each mounting board. Attach 2" x 4" mounting boards using 5/16" x 31/2" (8 mm x 90 mm) lag bolts and washers (not included). Do not overtighten.14STEP 4: INSTALL ROPE ORGANIZERB. ASSEMBLE ROPE ORGANIZERA. DRILL HOLES FOR ORGANIZERIMPORTANT! Use smaller drill bit in this e rope organizer plate (K) as a template to mark holes on 2" x 4". See Diagram 17. Drill 5/32" (4 mm) holes. Always wear safety glasses.IMPORTANT! Do not overtighten bolts. This can keep rope organizer pulleys (L) from turning properly.DIAGRAM 19. Assemble rope organizer as shown in Diagram 17 using plate (K) and pulleys (L). Fasten to 2" x 4" (50 mm x 100 mm) with lag bolts (I) and washers (J).Do not use riser board.15DIAGRAM 21. If distance to front wall is less than distance needed to lift object, move the welded screw eye (A) along the front walluntil distance 2 is equal to distance 3 (see Diagram 20).can be lowered will be limited by length of supplied rope.When distance 2 is much greater than 3, purchase longer rope for drop ropes (H) to maximize distance object can be lowered.A. INSTALL WELDED SCREW EYE (A)If distance to front wall is still too short, consider running block and tackle to the side of to the object instead of lengthwise.SEE APPENDIX — PAGE 19.LEADING BLOCK AND TACKLE TO SIDE WALLDrill a 7/32" (5.5 mm) hole into top plate of garage for mounting welded screw eye. Always wear safety glasses. Screw welded screw eye into top plate until threads just disappear into top plate. Do not overtighten. See procedure and warnings for "Install Pigtail Lag Screws".16Shackle (C)Single black/red hoisting rope (F )Block and tackle safety cleat (G1)*7803DIAGRAM 24. Single black/red hoisting rope must face down.*NOTE: Appearance of cleat (G1) varies by system size. Referto system part number for specific block and tackle cleat.B. ATTACH PULLEYSPlace one pulley (D) on each pigtail lag screw (B).ATTACH BLOCK AND TACKLE (G)Attach block and tackle system (G) to welded screw eye (A) with shackle (C). Remove ring from shackle like a key ring. Put pin through top of cleat (G1). Put ring back on to secure shackle (C).INSTALL WELDED SCREW EYE (A) ON FRONT WALL Use stud finder to locate solid wood of top plate. Drill 7/32" (5.5 mm) hole. Screw welded screw eye (A) into top plate of front wall (near top of ceiling).Welded screw eye (A)17retrace original figure-eight knot in reverse. Tightly cinch all four strands of rope exiting the knot.Tighten knots. See /Knots for further knot- tying resources.DIAGRAM 29. Align pigtail lag screws in direction of rope running through pulley.DIAGRAM 27. Tie a black drop rope to each webbing strap (E) using a figure-eight knot. Pass free end of rope through the sewn webbing strap eye.be lifted to ceiling. Adjust strap length in buckle as needed.1234567Webbing strap eyeDIAGRAM 25. Put all four black drop ropes through organizer.Put two shorter black drop ropes through pulleys (D) on mounting board with rope organizer.Put two longer black drop ropes through pulleys (D) on remaining mounting board.89101112131415D. ATTACH STRAPS TO ROPETIE ROPE TO WEBBING STRAPSKeep knot as close to webbing strap (E) eye as possible.Place top in position under system. Place webbing straps (E) under object to be lifted. Push buckles together to lock.E. ADJUSTING LIFTING SYSTEMALIGN SCREW EYESLEVEL OBJECTAll webbing straps and ropes must have equal tension to keep object level. Check by slowly pulling the black/red hoisting rope (F).To level object, adjust tension by moving knot or adjusting webbing strap at buckle.DIAGRAM 26A. Run straps lengthwise from front door to rear tailgate between top and rollbar.18Lowering (cleat open)Tip: Use gloves to protect hands.WARNING! Disable garage door opener when installing, raising, or lowering the Hoister. Do not raise or lower with anyone standing under object. Keep area below Hoister clear. If the load falls it can cause an accident.WARNING! Hang coiled rope where it will not accidentally snag on persons or Jeep. Keep coiled rope out of reach of children. Damage or injury can result if rope is angled away from wall with some tension; the object can come down very quickly and cause an accident.WARNING! When operating system, make sure area below object is clear of persons. If object comes down too quickly, this can cause an accident.WARNING! Stop pulling as soon as object contacts ceiling, or webbing strap knots stop at pulley (D). Damage or injury can result from forcing the system. If in doubt, stop hoisting, allow cleat to lock by angling rope down. Stand back to see if object is raised to the maximum, or if something is jamming rope or object.CAUTION! Avoid injury, do not let rope slip through hands. Angle rope to wall to lock rope.WARNING! Do not use this product for human suspension. Components can fail causing person to fall, possibly resulting in serious injury or death.With rope pointed down, the cleat will lock the rope. Angle to release. Repeat until object is at desired height.A. RAISE OBJECTHoist in a series of pulls. Pull single black/red hoisting rope (F) straight down.B. STORE TOPWith top in raised position, make sure single black/ red hoisting rope (F) is securely locked in cleat with rope pointed down (Diagram 21). Coil loose rope end.C. LOWER TOPSecurely grip rope, apply tension, and angle it away from front wall. Bring arm up to let rope out and then back toward the wall to lock the rope. Repeat until object is at desired height.Tip: The system is rated for 145 lbs (65 kg), but if you feel you need additional security, add two 5/16" polyester ropes. Securely tie ends to pigtail lag screws under object, parallel with webbing straps (E). Remove safety ropes before lowering object.19Organizer mounted to 2" X 6" (50 mm x 152 mm) riserMAINTENANCEInspect rope (H and F), knots, and straps (E)regularly for signs of chafe, wearing, or UV damage. Replace immediately. Inspect knots for signs of slipping. When attaching top, inspect webbing strap buckles (E) to make sure spring clip functions properly. Replace rope and hardware with Harken parts only.WARRANTYWhat is covered – This warranty covers defects inmaterials or workmanship.Who is covered – The original purchaser.For how long – Harken products are warranted for five (5) years from the date of purchase.After the end of any specific warranty period noted above, HARKEN MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCTS, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states, or if you live outside the U.S., some countries, do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to you.What is not covered – This warranty does not cover any product that was: improperly installed; inadequately inspected after installation; improperly maintained; used in any application for which it was not intended; used under load conditions exceeding the rating or other recommendations published in the Harken catalog; or subject to misuse, negligence, accident, or unauthorized modification or repair. Ropes, buckles and webbing are also not covered. Labor charges are not covered. Separate warranty provisions may be available from vendors on some of the above products. Contact Harken for this warranty information.CONSEQUENTIAL AND INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARE NOT RECOVERABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY . Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.How to get service – If something goes wrong, contact Harken directly or your local Harken dealer to arrange for warranty assistance. Your dealer has Harken warranty return guidelines that provide you with exact return procedures, depending on the product involved. We will need, in writing, your name, address, phone number, date of purchase, product involved, application, an explanation of the defect, and conditions under which the product was used. We are fair and we do Jeepe when Harken products do not perform.MAINTENANCEBLOCK AND TACKLE RUNNING TO SIDE WALLRafters running front-to-backLead block and tackle at 90 degrees to a conventional direction.Organizer mounted to 2" X 4"(50 mm x 100 mm)Mount pigtail lag screws to 2" X 6" (50 mm x 152 mm)mounting boards similar to Diagram 16 (page 13), except block and tackle goes to side wall of garage. Use a 2" X 4" (50 mm x 100 mm) as shown to mount the organizer.Use 2" X 6" (50 mm x 152 mm) mounting boards. Mount the organizer on a 2" X 6" X 7" (50 mm x 152 mm x 180 mm) riser board.Rafters running sideways4907.JEEP 7/17 Printed in USA。

Section 6: Parts DataDC50X264310131211216547Cabinet GroupKey Part Number Description Quantity * 9960-285-008Door Assy., Loading Complete-Wht (2)* 9960-285-011Door Assy., Loading Complete-SS (2)* 9960-285-007Door Assy., Loading Complete-Chrome/BLK/SS (2)1 9960-284-002Door Assy., Loading-SS(ring only) (2)1 9960-284-004Door Assy., Loading-Chrome(ring only) (2)2 9982-353-002Plate Assy., Hinge (Wht) No Pin (2)2 9982-353-001Plate Assy., Hinge (SS) No Pin (2)* 9545-012-015Screw, Hinge to Door (8)* 8640-413-002Nut, Hinge to Door (8)3 9212-002-004Glass, Door (2)4 9206-413-002Gasket, Glass Black (2)* 9548-117-000Support, Door Glass (2)5 9206-420-005Gasket, Outer Rim Black (2)6 9244-082-001Handle, Loading Door (2)* 9545-018-017Screw, Handle 1/4-20 x 3/8 (4)* 9531-033-003Stud, Door Catch (2)* 8640-413-001Nut, Hex (2)* 8640-413-003Nut, Acorn (2)* 9086-015-002Catch, Loading Door (2)* 8638-190-009Pop Rivet for mtg. catch (4)* 8641-582-006Lockwasher (4)* 8640-399-001Spring Nut (6)7 9989-521-003Panel Assy., Front- Lower (Wht) (1)7 9989-521-001Panel Assy., Front- Lower (SS) (1)8 9989-517-003Panel Assy., Front- Upper (Wht) (1)8 9989-517-001Panel Assy., Front- Upper (SS) (1)* 9277-054-001Insulation Front Panel, half moon (top) (2)* 9277-054-002Insulation Front Panel, half moon (bottom) (2)9 9545-008-014Screw, FLHDCR, 10B x 1 (14) (6)* 8641-585-001 Lockwasher* 8640-399-001Nut, Spring (12)10 9544-069-002Strap, Hinge (Wht) (2)10 9544-069-005Strap, Hinge (SS/Black) (2)* 9545-012-028Screw, Hinge to Panel (8)11 9545-052-001Screw, Door to Hinge Strap (Special Black Type) (2)12 8641-436-003Washer, Fiber (2)13 9021-041-001Acceptor, Coin (1)* 9486-149-001Retainer, Coin Acceptor (2)14 9545-053-002Screw (4)* 9801-099-001Switch, Optical (1)Cabinet Group ContinuedKey Part Number Description Quantity15 9994-032-001Escutcheon, Upper (1)16 9435-039-002Trim, Overlay-Upper Blue (1)16 9435-039-001 Trim, Overlay-Upper Black (1)17 9994-033-001Escutcheon, Lower (1)18 9435-023-001Trim, Overlay-Lower Blue (1)18 9435-031-001Trim, Overlay-Lower Black (1)* 9545-020-009Screw (20)19 9412-167-002Nameplate Stack Dryer Express Blue (1)19 9412-167-001Nameplate Stack Dryer Express Black (1)20 9866-005-001Lint Drawer Assembly Blue (2)20 9866-005-004Lint Drawer Assembly Black (2)21 9435-024-001Overlay Trim, Lint Drwr-Blue (1)21 9435-032-001Overlay Trim, Lint Drwr-Black (1)* 9532-074-003Felt Seal ( back of lint screen assembly ) (2)* 9805-033-002Lint Screen Assembly ONLY (no front) (2)* 9555-057-008Replaceable Lint Screen Only (2)22 8650-012-004Lock and Key, Lint Drawer (2)* 6292-006-010Key 6101 only (2)* 9095-043-001Cam, Lock (2)* 9545-008-001Lint Screen Strap Hold Down Screws 10Bx 1/4 (32)23 9857-198-001Controls Assy, Blue (1)23 9857-198-003Controls Assy, Black (1)* 9627-869-001Harness, Electronic Control (1)24 8650-012-003Lock and Key, Control (1)* 9095-041-001Cam, Lock (1)* 6292-006-007Key only 6324 (1)* 9627-855-003Harness, Heat Sensor (1)* 8640-276-002Wire Nut Connector Grey (4)25 9501-004-003Sensor Temp Control (2)26 9501-008-001Bracket for Heat Sensor Mounting (Under Basket) w/ sensor..2* 9545-045-005Screw, Round Head (Mounts sensor; phillips head) (2)* 9209-037-002Gromm.et, 3/16 ID (2)* 8544-006-001Leg, Leveling 1/2” (4)* 9074-320-001 Cover, Cabinet (Top) (1)* 9277-041-017 Insulation Cabinet Cover (1)* 9732-276-001Kit for Dryers without Neutral and using 208-240 volt (1)* 9732-102-013LP Kit for 50Lb Stk Dryers (1)* 9732-243-001Stack Dryer Trunion Puller (1)* 9544-041-002 Strap - Bead Tie (1)27 9942-038-005 Vault, Coin Box (1)* 9545-008-024 Screws, Mounting-Coin Vault (2)28 9897-099-002 Coin Box Assy, Large Blue (1)28 9807-099-004 Coin Box Assy, Large Black (1)191526252792531089Control Parts GroupKey Part Number Description Quantity * 9857-198-001Controls Assy, Electronic Mounted With Membrane Switch, BLU (1)* 9857-198-003Controls Assy, Electronic Mounted With Membrane Switch, BLK (1)1 9826-008-001 Trough Assembly (1)2 9032-062-002 Button-Push, Control, Blue (2)2 9032-062-001 Button-Push, Control, Black (2)3 9538-166-011Spacer-Metal, 4mm (4)4 9486-158-001 Retainer-Push Button (2)5 8640-424-002Nut-Hex, Elastic stop, #4-40 (4)6 8652-130-038Terminal-Grounding clip (1)7 9534-365-001Spring-Flat, Control (1)8 9545-008-001Screw-Hex, #10B x 1/4 (2)9 9545-044-010 Screw-Hex, #10B x 1/4 (10)9 8641-582-005Washer-External tooth, #6 (10)10 9435-038-001Overlay-Control, Coin, Black (1)10 9435-038-002Overlay-Control, Coin, Blue (1)11 9021-041-001Acceptor-Coin, Optical (1)* 9486-149-001Retainer, Coin Acceptor (1)12 9545-053-002Screw (4)* 9801-099-001 Optical Sensor, Replacement (1)Note: Jumpers required if using 1.5 Control on Older Machines (P9 Connection)* 8220-155-001 Wire Assy, Jumper, 30Lb Stack Coin (1)* 8220-155-002 Wire Assy, Jumper, 50Lb Stack Coin (1)Door Switch GroupPart NumberDescription Quantity9539-487-001Door Switches (2)Hinge Plate Cover1 9074-340-002 Cover-Hinge, Black .....................................................................22 8636-008-010 Screw-TRHDCR, 10B x 3/8, Black.. (4)12Bearing Housing GroupKey Part Number Description Quantity J1 9241-189-002 Housing, Bearing (2)J2 9036-159-003Bearing, Ball Rear..................................................................... .2 * 9538-183-001 Spacer, Bearing (2)* 9036-159-001Bearing, Ball Front .................................................................... .2 J5 9545-017-017Bolt, 1/2 x 3/4 . (8)J7 8640-417-002Nut, 1/2 (8)* 9803-201-001Bearing Housing Complete Ass’y (includes bearings,spacer) (2)J4 9545-017-018Screw 1/2 x 1 1/2 (4)Burner Housing GroupKey Part Number Description Quantity * 9803-207-001 Housing Assembly, Burner (2)1a 9452-730-001Service Burner Plate Front... (2)1 9452-729-001 Service Plate baffl e Recirculation Chamber Clean Out (2)* 9545-008-006Screws (8)2 9545-008-001Screw (16)18 9003-220-001Angle, Burner Support (2)* 9545-008-006Screw (4)17 9048-020-002Burner, Main (4)* 9545-008-006Screw 10AB x 3/8” (4)* 9454-824-001 Panel, Back Burner Housing (2)4 9545-008-001Screw 10B x1/4” (8)5 9875-002-003Electrode Assy, Ignition (2)19 9545-045-001Screw, Electrode Mtg 8B x 1/4” (4)7 9379-186-001Valve, Gas Shut Off (1)8 9857-134-001Control Assy, Gas (2)9 9381-012-001Manifold, Assy (2)* 9425-069-021Orifi ce, Burner-Natural #27 (4)* 9425-069-022Orifi ce, Burner-LP #44 (4)10 9029-175-001Bracket, Manifold (2)22 8615-104-038Pipe Plug in end of Burner Manifold (2)* 9545-008-006Screw (4)12 9576-203-002Thermostat, Hi-Limit (2)* 9538-142-001Spacer, Hi-Limit (4)* 9545-045-007 Screw 8B x 3/4” (4)13 9074-329-001Cover, Hi-Limit Stat Ignitor (2)* 9545-008-006Screw (6)* 9576-207-008Thermostat, Safety Shutoff (2)* 9545-008-006Screw (4)15 9825-062-001Cover, Safety Stat (2)* 9545-008-024Screw (6)16 9857-116-003Control, Ignition Fenwall (3 trybox) (2)* 9732-102-013Kit, LP Conversion 50Lb Stack Kit (2)* 9838-018-003Welded One Piece Gas Pipe Assembly (1)Part # 8533-085-001 9/14Burner Housing Group Photos10221092221851A141594851613Rear ViewKey Part Number Description Quantity * 9627-861-001Wire Harness Overtemperature Switch/Air Switch (2)* 9801-098-001Switch Assy, Air Flow (2)1 9539-461-009Switch, Air Flow (2)2 9029-200-001 Bracket, Switch- Air Flow (2)3 9008-007-001Actuator, Switch (2)4 9451-169-002Pin, Cotter (2)5 9545-020-001Screw 4-40 x 5/8” (4)* 8640-401-001Nut, Special Twin .#4-40 (2)* 9550-169-003Shield, Switch (2)6 9376-322-001Motor, Drive (2)7 9452-770-001Plate, Motor Mounting (1)* 9545-029-008Bolt 3/8” - 16 x 3/4” (8)* 8641-582-003Lockwash Spring 3/8 (8)8 9545-018-019Screw, Motor Plate to Back Assy. 1/4-20x 2 1/2 (8)* 8641-582-007Lockwasher 1/4 (8)9 9538-163-006Spacr (8)* 8641-581-017Flat Washer 1/4 x 7/8 (24)* 9209-086-002Rubber Grommet (8)* 9538-166-006Grommet Spacers (8)* 9545-028-013Screw, Set (4)10 9962-018-002Back Assy, Blower Hsg (2)11 9991-053-001Support Assy, Intermed. Pulley (2)12 9545-029-010Bolt, Rd Hd 3/8-16 x 1 1/4 (6)12 8640-415-004Nut Flange Wizlock 3/8” - 16 (6)12 8641-581-035Washer, Flat (6)13 9545-029-003Bolt, 3/8-16 x 1 1/2 (2)14 9861-022-001Arm Assy-Tension, Complete (2)* 9487-200-003Ring-Retaining (6)15 9908-048-003Pulley Assy, Intermediate with bronze fl ange bearing (2)* 9036-145-002Bronze Flange Bearing (4)16 9908-047-002Pulley Driven Tumbler (2)17 9040-076-009Belt, Drive Motor (2)18 9040-073-011Belt, Driven Intermediate to Tumbler (2)19 9534-151-000Spring, Tension (2)20 9099-012-005Chain, Tension (2)21 9248-022-002Hook, Tension (2)* 9451-146-001Pin, Damper Hinge (2)* 9074-334-001 Cover Duct Upper (1)22 9973-032-001 Heat Recirculation Assembly Duct (2)* 9453-169-013Motor Pulley - Driver (1)* 9545-028-013Set Screws (2) (2)* 9278-043-001Impeller23 8641-581-026Washer, Flat 1/2” for Tumbler Pulley (2)24 9545-017-009Bolt, 1/2”-13 x 1 1/4 (2)25 8641-582-016Washer, Star 1/2” for Tumbler Pulley (2)* 9545-008-001Screw 10 Bx 1/4” (6)* 9545-014-004Bolt, 5/16-18 x 5/8” (8) (8)5/16-18* 8640-400-003Nut,* 9538-184-001Spacer, Shaft (2)* 9487-234-005Ring Tolerance (2)* 9125-007-001Damper Inside Duct Exhaust (2)* 9125-007-002Damper Inside Duct Exhaust (1)* 8520-141-000Nut, Spring (4)* 9074-335-001Cover Duct Lower (1)* 9545-008-024Screw 10ABx 3/8” (72)* 9029-173-001Bracket for Wire Harness Under Burner Housing (2)Part # 8533-085-001 9/14Part # 8533-085-001 9/14Rear View Photos1264722Rear Panel & Cover GroupKey Part Number Description Quantity19208-090-001Rear Guard Side Panel 1 (2)4 9545-008-024Screws 10 AB x 3/8 (30)5 8502-649-001Label - Connection Electrical (1)8 9208-089-001Rear Guard Back Panel (2)10 8502-600-001Label Warning & Notice (1)11 8502-645-001Label - Instructions (1)12 9109-113-001Transition Assembly Outlet (1)13 9074-320-001 Top Cover Dryer Panel (1)14 9550-188-001 Top Burner Housing Heat Shield Inlet (1)15 9074-321-001 Top Panel Burner Housing Cover (1)Part # 8533-085-001 9/141851113121514Tumbler GroupKey Part Number Description Quantity 9848-131-001Tumbler Assembly Galvanized w/spider (2)G2 9568-013-001Spider Assembly (2)G3 9497-226-002Rod, Tumbler (6)G4 8640-417-005Nut, 1/2 - 13 (6)G6 8641-590-002Washer, Special (6).............................................................................AR G7 9552-013-000Shim* 9848-130-002Tumbler Assembly Stainless Steel (2)G1 9848-130-001Tumber Assembly Galvanized (2)Part # 8533-085-001 9/14Control Assembly GroupKey Part Number DescriptionQuantity* 9857-189-001 Control Assmbly Complete (all below included) .............................1* 9108-117-001 Control Box Cover ..................................................................... 1* 8220-001-478 Wire Assembly Green 7” ............................................................ 1* 8639-621-007 Screw #10-32 x 12 Green ............................................................1* 8641-582-006 Lockwasher Ext Tooth #10 ..........................................................13 9897-026-002 Terminal Block Main Power Middle ...............................................14 9897-026-001 Terminal Block ............................................................................2* 9545-045-012 Screw #8 ABx 1/2 for terminal block ............................................6 5 8711-011-001 Transformer Ignition ...................................................................2* 9545-008-024 Screws 10AB x 3/8” ...................................................................46 9982-348-001 Plate Assembly MTG Ignition Control............................................2* 9545-008-024 Screws 10B x 1/4” MTG Above Plate and Others ...........................47 9857-116-003 Ignition Control ..........................................................................2* 8640-411-003 #6-32 Nuts ................................................................................48 9631-403-009 Wire Assembly High Voltage Upper ..............................................19 9627-860-001 Wire Harness Ignition Control Upper ............................................110 9627-860-002 Wire Harness Ignition Control Lower ............................................1* 9053-067-002 Bushing Wire 7/8” .......................................................................413 9200-001-002 Fuseholder Assembly ..................................................................314 8636-018-001 Fuse 1.5 Amp .............................................................................315 5192-299-001 Relay Power ...............................................................................216 9897-035-001 Terminal Block Assembly Main Power Inlet ...................................1* 9545-008-024 Screw #8 AB x 1/2” ....................................................................2* 8220-062-036 Wire Assembly Red/Black 14” ......................................................1* 8220-062-037 Wire Assembly Red/White 14” .....................................................1* 8220-062-038 Wire Assembly White 14” ............................................................221 9627-864-004 Wire Harness Motor Extension .....................................................2* 9527-007-001 Stand Off - Wire Saddle / Arrowhead ..........................................13* 9545-031-005 Screw 6 B x 3/8” ........................................................................422 9558-029-003 Strip Terminal Marker (Behind Input Power) ..................................124 9627-863-001 Wire Harness Main Extension Access Under Burner Housing .........123 9631-403-008 Wire Ass’y - High Voltage Lower ..................................................125 9627-859-001 Wire Harness - Main Power (1)Part # 8533-085-001 9/14Control Assembly GroupPart # 8533-085-001 9/1416252223245Coin AccecptorKey Part Number Description Quantity1 9021-041-001Coin Accecptor, Optical (1)Replacement (1)2 9801-099-001Sensor-Optical,3 9545-039-002Screw, Heighth Bar, 3mm (2)* 9486-136-001 Retainer, Coin Acceptor (1)* 9545-053-002 Screw (4)Part # 8533-085-001 9/14NotesPart # 8533-085-001 9/14NotesPart # 8533-085-001 9/14Section 7: VoltageConversionPart # 8533-085-001 9/14Part # 8533-085-001 9/14Instructions - Convert a Dual Voltage Stack Dryer from 120V to 208-240V with Neutral Wire Only1. Remove incoming power from the dryer. Use a known working voltmeter to check power.2. Remove the cover of both the upper and lower control box assemblies from the dryer using a 5/16” wrench.3. Move the black/blue wire from the N position of the main power terminal block to the L2 position of the mainpower terminal block in the upper control box assembly. See Figure 6 below.4. Move the white wire of the upper motor harness to an upper inner left terminal in the middle terminal block in thelower control box assembly. See Figure 6 below.5. Move the orange wire of the upper motor harness to an upper inner left terminal in the middle terminal block inthe lower control box assembly. See Figure 6 below.6. Move the white wire of the lower motor harness to a lower inner left terminal in the middle terminal block in thelower control box assembly. See Figure 6 below.7. Move the orange wire of the lower motor harness to a lower inner left terminal in the middle terminal block in thelower control box assembly. See Figure 6 below.8. Reconnect power to the dryer and test to ensure proper operation; one line voltage to L1, one line voltage to L2,the neutral to N, and the earth ground to E.9. Reinstall the cover of both the upper and lower control box assemblies from the dryer using a 5/16” wrench.Part # 8533-085-001 9/14NotesPart # 8533-085-001 9/14Section 9: MaintenancePart # 8533-085-001 9/14MaintenanceDaily1. Clean lint screen by unlocking and sliding out in their tracks for access. Use soft brush ifnecessary. Failure to do so will slow drying and increase gas usage and temperatures through out the dryer.2. Check lint screen for tears. Replace if necessary.Monthly1. Remove lint accumulation from end bells of motor.2. Clean lint from lint screen compartment.3. Remove lint and dirt accumulation from top of the dryer and all areas above, and around theburners and burner housing. Failure to keep this portion of the dryer clean can lead to a buildup of lint creating a fi re hazard.4. Inspect Recirculation burner housing for excessive buildup.5. Place a few drops of light oil on top and bottom pivots of the clothes door hinge.6. Grease bearings and shaft of intermediate drive pulley.Quarterly1. Check belts for looseness, wear or fraying.2. Inspect gasket of door glass for excessive wear.3. Check tightness of all fasteners holding parts to support channel.4. Check tightness of tumbler shaft retaining nut. MUST MAINTAIN 150 FOOT LBS.5. Remove lint accumulation from primary air ports in burners.6. Grease pivot pins and tension arms where in contact with each other.Semiannually1. Remove and clean main burners.2. Remove all orifi ces and examine for dirt and hole obstruction.3. Remove all lint accumulation. Remove front panel, lint screen housing and remove lintaccumulation.Annually1. Check intermediate pulley bearings for wear.2. Check and remove any lint accumulation from exhaust system.NOTE: DRYER MUST NOT BE OPERATED WITHOUT LINT SCREEN IN PLACE。

黑洞吞噬恒星作文英语Title: The Phenomenon of Black Holes Devouring Stars。

Introduction:The universe, a vast expanse filled with mysteries beyond comprehension, houses some of the most enigmatic entities known to humanity. Among these, black holes stand as enigmatic giants, capable of consuming entire stars with their gravitational might. In this discourse, we delve into the intricate phenomenon of black holes engulfing stars, exploring the mechanisms behind such cosmic events andtheir profound implications for our understanding of the universe.Formation of Black Holes:Black holes originate from the collapse of massive stars at the end of their life cycle. When a star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it undergoes gravitational collapse,compressing its core into an incredibly dense state. If the remnant mass exceeds a critical threshold known as the Chandrasekhar limit, gravitational forces overwhelm all other forces, leading to the formation of a black hole.The Event Horizon:At the heart of a black hole lies the singularity, a point of infinite density where the laws of physics as we know them break down. Surrounding the singularity is the event horizon, an invisible boundary beyond which escape becomes impossible due to the overwhelming gravitational pull. It is at this boundary that the fate of stars becomes intertwined with the destiny of black holes.The Stellar Dance:When a star ventures too close to a black hole, it becomes ensnared in a lethal gravitational embrace. The intense tidal forces exerted by the black hole deform the star, stretching it into a long, thin structure known as a tidal tail. As the star spirals inward, its outer layersare gradually stripped away, forming a swirling accretion disk around the black hole.The Final Plunge:As the remnants of the star's outer layers accrete onto the disk, they release an immense amount of energy in the form of radiation. This process, known as accretion, generates powerful jets of high-energy particles thatstream outward from the black hole's poles. Meanwhile, the star's core, now exposed and vulnerable, hurtles toward the event horizon, crossing the point of no return known as the photon sphere. In a final, cataclysmic act, the star's core is consumed by the black hole, adding to its mass and extending its reach across the cosmos.Cosmic Significance:The phenomenon of black holes devouring stars holds profound implications for our understanding of the universe. By studying the emission signatures associated with these events, astronomers can glean insights into the propertiesof black holes, such as their mass, spin, and accretion rate. Furthermore, the gravitational waves produced by such cataclysmic events provide a unique opportunity to probe the fabric of spacetime itself, offering clues about the nature of gravity and the structure of the universe on the largest scales.Conclusion:In the vast tapestry of the cosmos, the interplay between black holes and stars represents a cosmic ballet of destruction and creation. From the fiery demise of stars to the inexorable pull of black holes, these celestial phenomena shape the evolution of galaxies and the destiny of the universe itself. As we continue to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos, the phenomenon of black holes devouring stars stands as a testament to the awe-inspiring power and beauty of the cosmos.。

imagePRESS Lite C170 shown with optional accessories. PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONSMARKING ENGINETechnology: ElectrophotographyPrint Speed (Color/BW)8.5" x 11": C170: Up to 70/80 ipmC165: Up to 65/70 ipm11" x 17": C170: Up to 35/40 ipmC165: Up to 32/35 ipmPrint Resolution:2400 x 2400 dpiFirst-Copy-Out Time1BW: C170: 4.4 Seconds/C165: 4.8 Seconds Color: C170: 5.4 Seconds/C165: 5.9 Seconds Warm-Up TimeFrom Power ON: Approx. 30 Seconds2From Sleep Mode: Approx. 30 Seconds3Quick Startup Mode: Approx. 4 Seconds4Memory: 4.0 GB RAMHard Disk DriveStandard: 250 GBMaximum: 1 TBMirroring Hard Disk DriveOptional: 250 GB, 1 TBMethod: Raid 1Paper SizeTray 1/2: LetterTray 3/4: 5.5" x 7.17" to 13" x 19.2"Stack Bypass: 4" x 5.9" to 13" x 19.2"Paper Capacity5Letter: 3,300 Sheets11" x 17": 1,100 SheetsStack Bypass: 250 Sheets Paper WeightTray 1/2: 14 lb. Bond to 80 lb. Cover (52 to 220 gsm) Tray 3/4: 14 lb. Bond to 140 lb. Index (52 to 256 gsm) Stack Bypass: 14 lb. Bond to 130 lb. Cover (52 to 350 gsm) Automatic DuplexPaper Size: Up to 13" x 19.2"Paper Weight: Up to 80 lb. Cover (220 gsm)Envelopes:6#10, Monarch, ISO-DL(Custom Size: 3.94" x 5.83" to 13" x 19.2") Long Sheets:7Up to 13" x 51.2"Direct Print A vailable from USB, Advanced Box, Remote UI,and Web Access8Supported File Types: PDF, TIFF, JPEG, EPS9, XPSControl PanelStandard: 10.1" TFT LCD WSVGA Color Touch-Panel Optional: 10.4" TFT LCD WSVGA Color Upright Panel Power ConsumptionMaximum: C170: 2,500 W/C165: 2,000 WStandby: C170: 136.3 W/C165: 119.2 W10Sleep Mode: 0.9 W11Typical ElectricityConsumption (TEC) Rating: C170: 1.39 kWh/C165: 1.3 kWh12 Standards: E NERGY STAR CertifiedRated EPEAT Gold13Power Source: C170: 208-240 V AC, 60 Hz, 12 AC165: 120-127 V AC, 60 Hz, 16 AWeight:593 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):27.1" x 37.1" x 48"SCANNINGType:C olor Platen and Single-Pass DuplexingAutomatic Document FeederDocument FeederPaper Capacity:5300 SheetsSupported Media Sizes:11" x 17", Legal, Letter, Letter-R, Statement,Statement-R, Custom Size (5" x 5.5" to 12" x 17") Supported Media WeightsBW Original: 13 lb. Bond to 80 lb. Cover (50 to 220 gsm) Color Original: 17 lb. Bond to 80 lb. Cover (64 to 220 gsm) Platen Acceptable Originals: S heet, Book, 3-Dimensional Objects(Height: Up to 2"; Weight: up to 4.4 lb.)Pull Scan:C olor Network ScanGear2 for both Twainand WIAScan Resolution (dpi):600 x 600, 400 x 400, 300 x 300, 200 x 400,200 x 200, 200 x 100, 150 x 150, 100 x 100Scan Speed:14Single-SidedScanning (BW): 120 ipmSingle-SidedScanning (Color): 120 ipmDouble-SidedScanning (BW): 240 ipmDouble-SidedScanning (Color): 220 ipmSENDDestination:E mail/Internet Fax (SMTP), SMB v3.0, FTP,WebDAV, Mail Box, Super G3 Fax (Optional),IP Fax (Optional)Color Mode:A utomatic-Color Select (Full Color/Grayscale),Automatic-Color Select (Full Color/Black andWhite), Full Color, Grayscale, and Black and White Address Book:LDAP (2,000)/Local (1,600)/Speed dial (200) Send Resolution (dpi):600 x 600, 400 x 400, 300 x 300, 200 x 400,200 x 200, 200 x 100, 150 x 150, 100 x 100 Communication ProtocolFile: FTP (TCP/IP), SMB v3.0, WebDAVEmail: SMTP, POP3File FormatStandard: T IFF, JPEG, PDF (Encrypted, Compact,Searchable, Apply Policy, Optimize for Web,PDF A/1-b, Limited Color, Device Signature, UserSignature, Trace & Smooth), XPS (Compact,Searchable, Device Signature, User Signature),Office Open XML (PowerPoint, Word) Universal Send Features:O riginal Type Selection, Two-sided Original,Book to Two Pages, Different-size Originals,Density Adjustment, Sharpness, Copy Ratio,Erase Frame, Job Build, Delayed Send, Preview,Job Done Notice, File Name, Subject/Message,Reply-to, Email Priority, TX Report, OriginalContent Orientation, Skip Blank Pages, DetectFeeder Multi Sheet FeedFAX (OPTIONAL)Maximum Number ofConnection Lines: 1Modem SpeedSuper G3: 33.6 KbpsG3: 14.4 KbpsCompression Method:MH, MR, MMR, JBIGResolution (dpi):400 x 400, 200 x 400, 200 x 200, 200 x 100 Sending/Recording Size:Statement-R to 11" x 17"Fax Memory:Up to 30,000 PagesSpeed Dials:Max. 200Group Dials/Destinations:Max. 199 DialsSequential Broadcast:Max. 256 AddressesMemory Backup:Y esFax Features:O riginal Type Selection, Two-sided Original, Bookto Two Pages, Different-size Originals, Densityfor Scanning, Sharpness, Copy Ratio, EraseFrame, Job Build, Sender's Name (TTI), SelectLine, Selecting the Telephone Line, Direct Send,Delayed Send, Preview, Job Done Notice, TXReport, Detect Feeder Multi Sheet Feed SECURITYAuthenticationStandard: U niversal Log-in Manager, uniFLOW OnlineExpress, User Authentication, Department IDAuthentication, Access Management System,Device and Function Level Log-inOptional: uniFLOWDataStandard: T rusted Platform Module (TPM), Hard DiskPassword Lock, Hard Disk Drive Erase,Mail Box Password Protection, Hard Disk DriveEncryption (FIPS140-2 Validated), Verify Systemat Startup, McAfee Embedded Control15 Optional: H ard Disk Drive Mirroring, Hard Disk Driveremoval, IEEE 2600.2 Common CriteriaCertification, Data Loss Prevention(Requires uniFLOW)NetworkStandard: E ncrypted Secure Print, IP/Mac AddressFiltering, IPsec, TLS Encrypted Communication(v1.0/1.1/1.2/1.3),15 SNMP V3.0, IEEE 802.1X,IPv6, SMTP Authentication, POP Authenticationbefore SMTP, S/MIME, SIEM Integration DocumentStandard: S ecure Watermark, Secure Print, Forced HoldPrinting, Adobe LiveCycle Rights ManagementES2.5 Integration, Encrypted PDF, EncryptedSecure Print, Device Signature, User Signatures INPUT ACCESSORIESLetter Paper Deck Unit-E1Paper Capacity:5Up to 3,500 SheetsPaper Size: LetterPaper Weight: 14 lb. Bond to 140 lb. Index (52 to 256 gsm)Power Source: From the Main EngineWeight: 75 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):13.4" x 24.9" x 22.5"POD Deck Lite-C1Paper Capacity:5Up to 3,500 SheetsPaper Size: 5.5" x 5.83" to 13" x 19.2"Paper Weight:14 lb. Bond to 130 lb. Cover (52 to 350 gsm)Envelopes: 5.5" x 5.83" to 13" x 19.2"Power Source:120-127 V, 60 Hz, 2.2 AWeight:168 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):25.9" x 27.0" x 22.6"Long Sheet Feeding and Catch Tray-B1Paper Capacity: 1 SheetPaper Size:4" x 5.83" to 13" x 51.2"Paper Weight:17 lb. Bond to 130 lb. Cover (64 to 350 gsm)Envelopes:4" x 5.83" to 13" x 19.2"Weight: 2 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):85.6" x 56.1" x 56.1"2FINISHING ACCESSORIESCopy Tray-R2Paper Capacity:5Up to 250 SheetsPaper Size: 14 lb. Bond to 130 lb. Cover (52 to 350 gsm) Paper Weight:4" x 5.83" to 13" x 19.2"Weight: 2.6 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):16.6" x 15" x 6.8"Document Insertion Unit-N116Tray Capacity5Upper Tray: Up to 200 SheetsLower Tray: Up to 200 SheetsPaper Weight: 14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm) Paper Size:7.2" x 7.2" to 13" x 19.2"Power Supply: 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz, 1.0 AWeight:135 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H): 29.4" x 31.3" x 55.4"Document Insertion/Folding Unit-K117Number of Trays: 1Tray Capacity:5Up to 100 SheetsInsertion Paper Size:13" x 19", 12" x 18", 11" x 17",Legal, Letter, Letter-R, ExecutiveInsertion Paper Weight:16 lb. Bond to 140 lb. Index (60 to 256 gsm) Fold Types:C-Fold, Z-FoldFold Paper SizeC-Fold: Letter-RZ-Fold: 11" x 17", Legal, Letter-RFold Paper Weight:16 lb. Bond to 28 lb. Bond (60 to 105 gsm) Power Requirements:100-240 V AC, 50/60 Hz, 1 AWeight:167.6 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):26.1" x 26.8" x 48.9"Multi Function Professional Puncher-B116Paper WeightPunching: 20 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (75 to 300 gsm) Paper SizePunching: Letter-R, Letter, Legal, 11" x 17", 12" x 18"Die Set Patterns: L oose Leaf 3-Hole/5-Hole, Velo Bind 11-Hole,Plastic Comb 19-Hole, Twin Loop 21-Hole/32-Hole, Color Coil 44-HolePower Supply: 100-127 V, 60 Hz, 15 AWeight: 225 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):17.5" x 31.3" x 41"Paper Folding Unit-J116Paper SizeDouble Parallel: Legal, Letter-RC-Fold/Accordion/Half-Fold: Letter-RZ-Fold: Letter-R, 11" x 17", LegalPaper Weights: 14 lb. Bond to 28 lb. Bond (52 to 105 gsm) Power Source: From FinisherWeight: 157 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):13.3" x 31.3" x 46.9"Staple Finisher-AC1/Booklet Finisher-AC1Tray Capacity5Top Tray: Up to 250 SheetsMiddle Tray: Up to 250 SheetsLower Tray: Up to 3,000 SheetsSaddle-Stitch Tray: Up to 25 BookletsPaper WeightStacking: 14 lb. Bond to 130 lb. Cover (52 to 350 gsm) Corner Stapling: 14 lb. Bond to 140 lb. Index (52 to 256 gsm) Booklet-Making: 14 lb. Bond to 140 lb. Index (52 to 256 gsm)Staple Positions: Corner, Double-Side, EcoPaper SizeStapling: Executive, Letter-R, Letter, Legal, 11" x 17"Saddle Finisher: 5.5" x 7.2" to 11.8" x 17"Stapling Capacity5Corner/Double-Side: Up to 65 SheetsEco-Stitched: Up to 5 SheetsSaddle-Stitched: Up to 20 SheetsV-Folding: Up to 3 Sheets Without StitchPower Source: From the Main UnitWeight Staple Finisher:80 lb.Booklet Finisher: 131 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H): 25.5" x 25.9" x 44.1"2-/3-Hole Puncher Unit-A117Paper Weight:14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm) Paper Sizes2-Hole: Legal, Executive, Letter, Letter-R, 11" x 17"3-Hole: 11" x 17", Letter, ExecutivePaper Weight: 14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm) Power Supply:From the FinisherStaple Finisher-W1/Booklet Finisher-W1Tray Capacity5Top Tray: Up to 1,000 SheetsLower Tray: Up to 4,000 SheetsSaddle-Stitch Tray: Up to 30 Booklets or LimitlessPaper WeightStacking: 14 lb. Bond to 130 lb. Cover (52 to 350 gsm)Corner Stapling: 14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm)Booklet-Making: 14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm) Staple Positions:Corner, Double-SidePaper SizeStapling: 8.3" x 11" to 11.7" x 17"Saddle Finisher: 8.3" x 11" to 13" x 19.2"Stapling CapacityCorner/Double-Side: Up to 100 SheetsSaddle-Stitched: Up to 25 SheetsV-Folding: Up to 5 Sheets Without StitchPower Source:120/240 V, 60 Hz, 8 AWeightStaple Finisher: 287 lb.Booklet Finisher: 397 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):31.5" x 31.3" x 48.8"Puncher Unit-BS116Paper Sizes2-Hole: Legal, Executive, Letter, Letter-R, 11" x 17",Custom Size (7.2" x 7.2" to 11.8" x 17") 3-Hole: 11" x 17", Letter, Executive-R, Custom Size(9.5" x 7.2" to 11.8" x 17")Paper Weight:14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm) Punch Waste Capacity:Up to 6,000 SheetsPower Supply:From the FinisherBooklet Trimmer-F116Margin Trimming:Front-Edge TrimTrim Amount:0.08" to 1.1"Paper Weight:14 lb. Bond to 110 lb. Cover (52 to 300 gsm) Power Supply:From the FinisherWeight:392 lb.Dimensions (W x D x H):82.5" x 30.8" x 41"3Print ServersimagePRESS Printer Kit-G1E (Standard)PDL: PS, PCL, UFRMemory: 3.5 GBHard Drive: 1.5 TBimagePRESS Server L30 V2Fiery System Software: FS400 ProCPU: Intel Core™ i3-6100 Processor 3.7 GHz Memory: 8 GBHard Drive: 500 GBOS: Windows 10Standard: F iery Hot Folders, Virtual Printers, Unity Display,Fiery JDF, Fiery Command WorkStation, PaperCatalog, Fiery Spot-On, Fiery Remote Scan Optional: G raphic Arts Pro Package, Impose, Compose,JobMasterimagePRESS Server M10 V2Fiery System Software: FS400CPU: Intel Pentium Processor G4400, 3.3 GHz Memory: 4 GBHard Drive: 500 GBOS: LinuxStandard: F iery Command WorkStation, Paper Catalog,Fiery Spot On, Fiery Remote Scan, Hot Folders Optional: APPE, Automation Package, ColorRight Package,Impose, Compose, JobMaster1Letter-sized stocks.2Time from device power ON until copy-ready (not print reservation).3Time from exiting Sleep Mode to when printing is operational.4T ime from device power ON to when key operations can be performedon the touch-panel display.5Capacity based on 20 lb. Bond Letter.6Envelope Attachment Kit required.7Optional accessories required.8PDF print from websites is supported.9EPS can be printed directly only from the Remote User Interface.10Reference Value: measured one unit.110.9 W Sleep Mode is not available in all circumstances due to certain settings.12Based on ENERGY STAR Product Specification for Imaging Equipment Version 3.0. 13For current EPEAT rating (Gold/Silver/Bronze), please visit .14Letter, 300 dpi15Requires Unified Firmware Platform v3.10 or newer.16Staple/Booklet Finisher-W1 required.17Staple Finisher-AC1 or Booklet Finisher-AC1 required.As an ENERGY STAR。