关系代词引导的定语从句之钻石题组(教师版)

2014中考英语语法专题---定语从句之钻石题组教师版★★★★★关系代词引导的定语从句【2013河南】A friend is someone______ says, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”A. whoB. whichC. whatD. whose【解析】A。

先行词是someone，指人，排除B，what不能引导定语从句，排除C；先行词和空格后的单词无所有关系，排除D。

故选A。

【2013福建福州】— Do you know Mo Yan?— Of course. He is the famous writer _________ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.A. whoB. whomC. Which【解析】A。

当先行词指人时，常用who或whom，指物时，常用which；又该句的先行词writer指人，故选A项。

【2013广西玉林】一Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan?—Sure. He is the writer ______won the Nobel(诺贝尔) Literature Prize.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. whom【解析】C。

which先行词为物时；whose先行词为人或物，作定语，后得接个名词；who先行词为人，作主、宾、表语；whom先行词为人，只作宾语。

根据先行词the writer作者，作主语。

所以选择答案C。

【2013广东湛江】—Look! That is the woman I met yesterday.—Oh? She’s my aunt.A. whatB. whoC. whereD. when【解析】B。

由先行词是人，且在定语从句中作met的宾语可知用关系代词who。

所以选择答案B。

定语从句是高中英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。

因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。

2021年新高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查，并且仍将不会仅单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。

对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。

一、关系代词一览表关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know the man who is talkingwith your mother?whom，which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关whom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I amworking.The boy(whom) she loved died in thewar.命题趋势考点清单专题四××定语从句二、that与which，who，whom的用法区别1. that和which的用法区别在定语从句中，关系代词which和that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。

但在下列情况下值得注意：（1）只能用that而不能用which的情形：①当先行词为：all，little，few，much，none及some-，any-，no-，every-与thing所组成的复合单词时，只能用that。

如：There is nothing that will stop us making progress.①当先行词前面有only，some，any，no，every，little，few，much，all，very等形容词修饰时，只能用that。

“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。

当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。

例如：The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher。

=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词"结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which(指物）或whom（指人），即：介词+which/whom。

（1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.（2）The city in which she lives is far away.（3)The little girl is reading a book，in which there are many cartoons.注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。

2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物）；that/who/whom （指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。

如：（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher.（2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away.注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分,介词只能放在动词后,如: look for， look after， pay attention to ，take care of ， look forward to, listen to等。

关系副词引导的定语从句之钻石题组★★★★★A组高考真题★A1组1.(2012重庆) Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as salesA. whichB. thatC. whenD. where【解析】D “position”为先行词，模糊化的地点，其后的定语从句缺少地点状语，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。

销售总监是一个职位，在这个职位中，交际能力和销售技巧同等重要。

2. (2011 浙江) A bank is the place _______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.A .when B. that C .where D .there【解析】C 银行就是天晴之时借伞给你，到了下雨时就催你还回去的地方。

3. (2011 陕西) I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends , ______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A .whichB .whereC .whoD .that【解析】B 先行词是the top of the hill，还原到从句后为：on the top of the hill we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.4. (2011 安徽) Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator ,_______ it will keep for two or three weeks.A .when B. which C .where D. while【解析】C 本句中没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故判断逗号后为非限制性定语从句。

专题09定语从句2024年1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands____63____a great achievement in contemporary design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route ____64____brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the_____65_____(rich) of gardening in England.63.【答案】as【解析】考查介词。

句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。

”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。

故填as。

64.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。

”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。

故填which/that。

65.【答案】richness【解析】考查名词。

句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。

2020届高三语法专题复习一：定语从句Ⅰ.定语从句中关系词的选定：方法：确定先行词，并根据它在从句中所充当的成份来选择关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose 或关系副词when,where,why如：(1)The exact year that/which Angela and her family spent together in Paris was2010.(2)I am looking forward to the day when my son can understand my affection for him.(3)Maria settled down in Paris in1998,where three years later,she received her doctor’s degree.(1)Is this factory D you visited last Friday?(2)Is this the factory A you visited last Friday?(3)Is this factory C/B you spent your last summer holidays?小提示：将疑问句转换为陈述句后再完成句子。

句型转变：This is the house whose window broke last night.=This is the house the window of which broke last night.=This is the house of which the window broke last night.对比填空：(1)No drug is free from risk,of which some might be rather serious or even deadly.(2)Last March,a nuclear disaster broke out in Japan,whose shadow was cast over U.S.energy policy.(3)On hearing the adjustment of educational policies,many netizens put up posts,78%of which conveyed the message of approval.注意：1.当先行词为way在从句中做状语时，引导定语从句的关系词可以有三种形式：/;in which;that.2.当先行词为time(次数)并在从句中作状语，引导定语从句的关系词用that(可省略).3.引导定语从句的关系代词who,that,which在从句中作主语时，绝不能省略.4.当定语从句中先行词为case,point,atmosphere,situation,scene,activity,etc且在从句中充当状语，关系副词多用where；而先行词为occasion,times（时候），period,stay,etc则多用when.【题组训练】1.I do n’t like the way that/in which/he treats his parents.2.This is the second time that I have been here.3.Young adults realize what they learnt from the book can’t handle situations that/which appear in reality.4.We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.5.I can think of many cases that/which you know nothing about.6.There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives.7.We’re just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.8.I have few occasions when I can stay with my wife and children.Ⅱ.关系代词that和which的用法1.限制性定语从句中，只用that不用which的情况：(1)先行词为不定代词anything,something,everything,nothing,the one,all,much,little等。

“高考英语精品课程” 定语从句第一讲：关系代词的选择技巧一、相关概念：1.定义:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句(也叫形容词从句)，放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。

即：n/pron. + 定语从句。

2. 定语从句三要素；(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。

(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。

(3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。

二. 关系词的作用：A. 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；B. 必在从句中作某个句子成份C. 指代先行词关系词指代人或物定语从句中充当的成分关系代词that 人或物主语、宾语、表语which 物或主句内容主语、宾语who 人主语或宾语whom 人宾语whose 人或物定语as 物或主句内容主语、宾语(正如）关系副词when 时间状语where 地点状语why 原因状语三．定语从句三步曲：第一找出先行词；第二找出定语从句：第三看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；四．考点精讲：考向1：关系代词基本用法1.指人时可以用who，也可用that。

1）The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman.2）Do you know the girl who/that is in red?2.指物时可以用which，也可用that。

1)I like music that/which I can dance to.2)What do you think of the movie that/which was shown last night?活学活用：1.I love singers . Singers write their own songs.改写：who在从句中用作主语。

高一英语定语从句关系代词单选题30题1.This is the teacher who/that teaches us English.（这是教我们英语的老师。

）who/that本题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。

先行词是teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，可用who 或that。

2.The student whom/that I helped yesterday is very grateful.（我昨天帮助的那个学生很感激。

）whom/that先行词是student，指人，在从句中作宾语，可用whom 或that。

3.The author who/that wrote this book is very famous.（写这本书的作者很有名。

）who/that先行词是author，指人，在从句中作主语，可用who 或that。

4.The singer whom/that we saw at the concert is very talented.（我们在音乐会上看到的那个歌手很有才华。

）whom/that先行词是singer，指人，在从句中作宾语，可用whom 或that。

5.The actress who/that plays the leading role in this movie is very beautiful.（在这部电影中扮演主角的女演员很漂亮。

）who/that先行词是actress，指人，在从句中作主语，可用who 或that。

6.The teacher whom/that we respect most is very kind.（我们最尊敬的老师很和蔼。

）whom/that先行词是teacher，指人，在从句中作宾语，可用whom 或that。

7.The boy who/that won the first prize is very smart.（赢得一等奖的那个男孩很聪明。

Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to内容提要：1.定语与定语从句2.关系代词引导的定语从句3.关系副词引导的定语从句4.定语从句的主谓一致一、定语与定语从句➢旧知识复习定语1.定语的含义：定语用来修饰名词或代词，常译为“…的”。

an important meeting 一场重要的会议（important修饰meeting 作定语）a swimming pool 一个游泳池（swimming修饰pool作定语）2.定语的位置根据定语的位置可划分为前置定语和后置定语(1)前置定语：单个的形容词或名词作定语要放在被修饰词的前面a famous university 一所著名的大学（单个形容词famous作定语修饰university，放在university前面）an apple tree 一棵苹果树（单个名词apple修饰tree，放在tree前面）(2)后置定语●单个的表地点或位置的副词修饰名词时，放在名词后面the man downstairs 楼下的男人（副词downstairs修饰the man ，放在其后面）the passage below 下面这篇文章（副词below修饰the passage ,放在其后面）●修饰复合不定代词的形容词后置something important一些重要的事someone special 某个特别的人●the book on the desk 桌子上的书a car worth $80,000 一辆价值8万美元的车（worth是形容词）a book written by Xu Xu写的一本书the houses built by the government 政府建的房子the first woman to win the prize 获得这个奖项的第一位女性●句子作定语（定语从句）要后置the man who is Tom’s brother 那个是Tom的哥哥的男人the book which Alice gave me yesterday那本Alice昨天给我的书➢新知识学习定语从句1.定语从句的含义：整个句子修饰某个名词充当定语成分，把这个句子成为定语从句。