定语从句关系代词的用法及练习
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定语从句一(关系代词的用法)一. 定语从句概念1. 定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
3. 关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。
关系词有关系________ : 有______, _______ , ______, _______, _________, _______等;关系________ : 有______, _______, ______等。
关系词常有3个作用:①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中充当一个成分。
限制性定语从句举例:(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例:(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.要注意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。
(他还有其他的哥哥)(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.他的哥哥是当医生的,常鼓励他要考上大学。
(他只有一个哥哥)二.引导定语从句的关系代词1. who指______,在从句中充当_________(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.(3) In the meeting I saw Mr. Smith who I met in my birthday party.2. whom指_______,在定语从句中充当_______,常可省略。
定语从句用法总结定语从句是英语中最常用的从句之一,用于给名词或代词添加更多的信息。
它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,并作为句子的一部分。
在写作和口语中,定语从句非常重要,因为它可以帮助我们提供详细的描述和限定名词的范围。
接下来,我们将总结定语从句的用法。
一、关系代词的用法1. Who/That: 引导定语从句,修饰人。
例如:The woman who/that is standing by the door is my sister.(站在门旁边的那个女人是我的姐姐)2. Whom/That: 引导定语从句,作为宾语,修饰人。
例如:The man whom/that I met yesterday is a doctor.(我昨天见到的那个人是个医生)3. Which/That: 引导定语从句,修饰事物。
例如:The book which/that is on the table belongs to me.(在桌子上的那本书是我的)4. Whose: 引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
例如:The girl whose parents are teachers is very smart.(父母都是老师的那个女孩非常聪明)5. Whichever/Whatever/Whoever: 引导定语从句,表示任意。
例如:Choose whichever book you like.(选择你喜欢的任何一本书)二、关系副词的用法1. Where: 引导定语从句,表示地点。
例如:The city where he was born is very beautiful.(他出生的城市非常美丽)2. When: 引导定语从句,表示时间。
例如:The day when we met was unforgettable.(我们相遇的那一天是难忘的)3. Why: 引导定语从句,表示原因。
例如:I don't understand the reason why he left.(我不明白他离开的原因)三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,形成一个完整的句子。
定语从句的用法和精练一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一样放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成份。
(定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种)that which who whom whose when where why注: 关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语,因此定语从句中不能再显现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
三、定语从句的分类依照定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜爱轻柔的。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站周围的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
定语从句的关系代词和引导词定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它充当着定语的作用,用来修饰在句中名词或代词。
而在定语从句中,关系代词和引导词则扮演着连接主句和从句的作用。
本文将介绍定语从句中的关系代词和引导词,并举例来说明它们的用法和特点。
一、关系代词的用法在定语从句中,关系代词用来连接主句和从句,同时充当着从句中名词的作用。
英语中常用的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which 和that。
1. who(主格)关系代词“who”用来代替人,并在从句中充当主语的角色。
例如:John is the boy who won the first prize.(约翰是那个赢得第一名的男孩。
)2. whom(宾格)关系代词“whom”同样用来代替人,但在从句中充当宾语的角色。
例如:The girl whom you saw yesterday is my sister.(昨天你看到的那个女孩是我妹妹。
)3. whose(所有格)关系代词“whose”用来表示所属关系,相当于“某人的”或“某物的”。
例如:The man whose car was stolen has reported to the police.(那个车被偷的男人已经向警察报案。
)4. which(主格或宾格)关系代词“which”用来代替事物,并在从句中可以充当主语或宾语。
例如:This is the book which I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书。
)5. that(主格或宾格)关系代词“that”同样用来代替人或事物,在从句中可以充当主语或宾语。
例如:The house that Jack built is very beautiful.(杰克建的那栋房子非常漂亮。
)二、引导词的用法在定语从句中,引导词用来引导从句,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
英语中常用的引导词有when, where, why, that 等。
定语从句的引导词及其用法定语从句是英语中一种常见的句子结构,用来修饰名词或代词,起到进一步描述或限定的作用。
在定语从句中,引导词起到连接主句和从句的作用,决定从句的类型和关系。
本文将介绍定语从句中常见的引导词及其用法。
一、关系代词的用法1. who关系代词 "who" 用来引导定语从句,修饰人。
例如:- The girl who is sitting at the desk is my sister.(坐在桌子旁边的那个女孩是我妹妹。
)2. whom关系代词 "whom" 用来引导定语从句,修饰人,常用于介词之后。
例如:- The man whom I met yesterday is a famous actor.(我昨天遇到的那个男人是位著名的演员。
)3. which关系代词 "which" 用来引导定语从句,修饰物。
例如:- I bought a new book which was recommended by my friend.(我买了一本新书,是我朋友推荐的。
)4. whose关系代词 "whose" 用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
例如:- The boy whose father is a doctor wants to be a scientist.(那个父亲是医生的男孩想成为一名科学家。
)5. that关系代词 "that" 用来引导定语从句,修饰人或物,可用于非限制性定语从句。
例如:- The car that Tom bought is very expensive.(汤姆买的那辆车很贵。
)二、关系副词的用法1. when关系副词 "when" 用来引导表示时间的定语从句。
例如:- I still remember the day when we first met.(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
关系代词•1、关系代词用来引导定语从句。
它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。
(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。
)2、关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。
在限定性定语从句中,that可指人也可指物,见表:•例如:This is the pencil whose point is broken. 这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。
(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)He came back for the book which he had forgotten.他回来取他丢下的书。
(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)★关系代词的用法1、关系代词的句法功能1)关系代词在句中作主语例如:I prefer music that/which has great lyrics2)关系代词在句中作宾语例如:I like music that I can sing along with.3)关系代词在句中作表语例如:The house is not the one (that) it used to be.2、关系代词在从句中作名词的定语例如:Is she the teacher whose hair is very short?3、关系代词的用法1)who和whom的用法:二者都用于指人。
Who在定语从句中作主语、宾语,whom 在定语从句中作宾语。
Whom在从句中能坐介词的宾语,而who则不能。
例如:I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a partyin the shopping center yesterday.2)whose的用法:一般指人,有时也指物。
定语从句中的关系代词在英语语法中,定语从句是一种非常重要的句子结构,能够用于修饰名词或代词,并且通常使用关系代词来引导。
关系代词在定语从句中起到连接上下文的作用,使句子更加清晰流畅。
本文将介绍定语从句中常用的关系代词以及它们的用法。
一、关系代词的基本概念关系代词是与先行词相对应的代词,用于引导定语从句。
常见的关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose等。
它们在句子中起到连接先行词和定语从句的作用,同时也充当着从句中某个成分的角色。
二、关系代词的用法1. that:用于替代指物的先行词,并可作主语、宾语或介词宾语。
例:This is the book that I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的那本书。
)2. which:用于替代指物的先行词,并可作主语、宾语或介词宾语。
例:The car, which is red, belongs to my friend.(那辆红色的汽车属于我的朋友。
)3. who:用于替代指人的先行词,并可作主语或宾语。
例:The person who is standing over there is my teacher.(那个站在那边的人是我的老师。
)4. whom:也用于替代指人的先行词,通常作宾语。
例:She is the girl whom I met yesterday.(她是我昨天遇到的那个女孩。
)5. whose:用于指人或物,用于表示所属关系。
例:The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.(那个车被盗的男人向警察报案。
)三、关系代词的特殊用法1. 在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词通常使用which或who来引导。
例:My sister, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.(我的姐姐是一名医生,在一家医院工作。
27. This is the watch that/which he was looking for.完成句子28.The prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most imagination.(show)这份奖励将会颁发给那位故事最具想象力的作者。
29.We are leaving tomorrow and I really appreciate all that you have done during our stay. (do)明天我们就要走了,我真诚的感谢在我们逗留期间你们所做的一切。
30.This is the house whose window faces south.(face)这就是那座窗户朝南的房子。
31.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(trap)部队组成小分队,将受困的人挖出来,将死者掩埋。
32.This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.(read)这本我读了三遍的小说很感人。
33.The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.(close)这座古老的城镇街道狭窄,修建的小房子彼此挨得很近。
34.The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.(be)这家校内商店放假时关门,它的顾客主要是学生。
35. I don’t like the way that/in which/不填 you solve the problem.(solve)我不喜欢你解决问题的方法。
定语从句关系代词讲解全英定语从句是修饰名词的从句,起到限定或说明名词的作用。
在英语中,关系代词用于引导定语从句。
下面是十个常用的关系代词及其用法:1. Who/Whom: 用于指人,作主语或宾语例:The man who is standing over there is my brother.那个站在那边的人是我的哥哥。
2. Which: 用于指物,作主语或宾语例:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
3. That: 用于指人或物,作主语或宾语例:The car that I bought last month broke down.我上个月买的那辆车出了故障。
4. Whose: 用于指人或物,表示所属关系例:The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.那个被偷包的女孩报告了警察。
5. Whom: 用于指人,作宾语例:The woman whom I met at the party is a famous actress.我在派对上遇到的那个女人是一位著名的演员。
6. Where: 用于指地点,在定语从句中作状语例:This is the school where I studied when I was a child.这是我小时候上学的学校。
7. When: 用于指时间,在定语从句中作状语例:The day when we met for the first time is still vivid in my memory.我们第一次见面的那一天在我的记忆中仍然很鲜活。
8. Why: 用于指原因,在定语从句中作状语例:The reason why he got angry is still unknown to me.他生气的原因我仍然不知道。
定语从句一、定语从句的定义在句子中起定语作用、修饰句中的某一名词或代词的从句为定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,可以代表人、物或者全句。
定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导。
关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as关系副词:when, where, why关系代词和关系副词在从句中充当一个语法成分。
例如:This is the book that my father bought me yesterday.The time when he arrives is unknown.二、关系词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
⑴指人的关系代词who, whom, whose, that的用法。
①作主语(who / that)The man who / that is talking with Mr. Wang is a famous doctor.②作宾语包括作介词宾语(whom / that)。
She is the girl whom / that I met at the party.Is he the doctor whom / that you are looking for③作定语whoseThe girl whose English is very good won the first place in the 100-metre race.⑵指物的关系代词which, whose和that的用法that既可以代表事物也可以代表人,which代表事物,它们在从句中作主语或宾语;whose一般指人,但有时指物,在从句中作定语。
①作主语The money that / which is in the wallet is mine.A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words.②作宾语The chair which / that you broke yesterday is now being repaired.③作定语The house whose roof needs repairing is only three years old.★在下列情况下,关系代词只能用that:①当先行词为all, anything, something, nothing, much, little, few, none,any等不定代词或被no, only, very等词修饰时,只能用thatThere are few books that you can read in this bookstore.He is the only person that understands me.This is the very question that came up at the meeting.Is there anything that you want to tell meAll that should be done has been done.Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has saidThere is nothing that I can tell you.我没什么事要告诉你。