The motivation to become an entrepreneur
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:186.36 KB
- 文档页数:16
英语作文如何成为一位优秀的企业家Becoming a successful entrepreneur is a challenging but rewarding journey. It requires a combination of hard work, determination, vision, and a willingness to take risks. Below are some key steps and qualities that can help you become an outstanding entrepreneur.First and foremost, it is important to have a clearvision and passion for what you want to achieve. Successful entrepreneurs are driven by their passion and are committed to turning their ideas into reality. They are able to see opportunities where others see obstacles and are able to adapt to changes in the market.In addition to having a clear vision, it is essential to have a solid business plan. A well-thought-out businessplan serves as a roadmap for your entrepreneurial journey and helps you stay focused on your goals. It should outline your business objectives, target market, marketing strategy, financial projections, and potential challenges, amongother key aspects.Furthermore, successful entrepreneurs possess excellent leadership skills. They are able to inspire and motivate their team, communicate their vision effectively, and make tough decisions when necessary. They are also able to delegate tasks and trust their team to deliver results.Another important quality of a successful entrepreneur is resilience. Building a business is not without its challenges, and it is essential to be able to bounce back from setbacks and learn from failures. Being open to feedback and continuously improving is crucial for long-term success.Networking and building relationships are also vital for entrepreneurs. Surrounding yourself with like-minded individuals, mentors, and potential business partners can provide valuable support, guidance, and opportunities for collaboration.Finally, successful entrepreneurs are always seeking to innovate and stay ahead of the curve. They are constantly looking for ways to improve their products or services, stay informed about industry trends, and embrace new technologies.中文翻译:成为一名成功的企业家是一个充满挑战但值得的旅程。
我想要当一名企业家英语作文Entrepreneurship: Embarking on a Path of Innovation, Impact, and Fulfillment.The allure of entrepreneurship captivates countless individuals, beckoning them to forge their own paths, innovate groundbreaking solutions, and drive meaningful change. Whether driven by an insatiable curiosity, an entrepreneurial spirit, or a deep-seated desire to make a difference, the decision to become an entrepreneur is a transformative one, fraught with both challenges and immense rewards.The Crucible of Entrepreneurship: Forging Resilience and Innovation.Venturing into the world of entrepreneurship is not for the faint of heart. It is a crucible that tests the limits of human tenacity, adaptability, and problem-solving capabilities. Along the arduous journey, entrepreneursencounter countless obstacles, from financial setbacks to market fluctuations to relentless competition. However, it is precisely within these challenges that the truepotential of entrepreneurs emerges.The challenges of entrepreneurship foster resilience. Each setback becomes a lesson, each failure a stepping stone towards innovation. Entrepreneurs learn to navigate uncertainty, embrace ambiguity, and seek unconventional solutions. They develop an unwavering belief in their vision, even amidst adversity, and persevere with a determination that fuels their success.Moreover, the crucible of entrepreneurship ignites innovation. Faced with the need to differentiate themselves in crowded markets, entrepreneurs are compelled to think outside the box and push the boundaries of human ingenuity. They explore uncharted territories, experiment with new technologies, and challenge conventional wisdom. This relentless pursuit of innovation leads to groundbreaking products, services, and business models that transform industries and improve lives.The Power of Impact: Creating Meaningful Change through Entrepreneurship.At the heart of entrepreneurship lies the profound potential for impact. Entrepreneurs are not merely drivenby financial gain but by a deep desire to make a positive difference in the world. They recognize the transformative power of business and leverage it to address pressing social, economic, and environmental challenges.Through innovative solutions, entrepreneurs create jobs, stimulate economic growth, and promote sustainable practices. They provide access to essential goods and services in underserved communities, empower marginalized populations, and contribute to the overall well-being of society. By harnessing the power of business, entrepreneurs become agents of change, leaving an enduring legacy that extends far beyond their individual endeavors.The Path to Fulfillment: Discovering Purpose and Meaning through Entrepreneurship.Beyond the tangible rewards, entrepreneurship offers a profound sense of fulfillment that transcends financial success. It provides individuals with the opportunity to pursue their passions, exercise their creativity, and make a real difference in the world. For many entrepreneurs, the journey itself becomes the destination, a source of constant learning, growth, and immense satisfaction.The path to fulfillment through entrepreneurship is not without its sacrifices. It requires immense dedication, long hours, and unwavering determination. However, for those who are truly passionate about making a meaningful contribution, the rewards are immeasurable. Entrepreneurship empowers individuals to live a life of purpose, where their work aligns with their deepest values and aspirations.Embracing the Entrepreneurial Mindset: Essential Traits for Success.While the journey of entrepreneurship is undeniablychallenging, it is also immensely rewarding. Embracing the entrepreneurial mindset is crucial for those who aspire to succeed in this demanding yet exhilarating field.Curiosity and a Thirst for Knowledge: Entrepreneurs are insatiable learners who constantly seek knowledge and stay abreast of industry trends. They are always exploring new ideas, experimenting with different approaches, and seeking out opportunities for growth.Creativity and Innovation: Entrepreneurs are notcontent with the status quo. They challenge conventional wisdom, think outside the box, and embrace new perspectives. They are driven by a deep desire to innovate and create solutions that solve real-world problems.Resilience and Adaptability: The path of entrepreneurship is fraught with challenges and setbacks. Entrepreneurs must possess unwavering resilience, theability to adapt to changing circumstances, and the determination to overcome obstacles.Risk Tolerance and Embracing Uncertainty: Entrepreneurship involves taking calculated risks and embracing uncertainty. While it is important to mitigate risk whenever possible, entrepreneurs must be willing to step outside their comfort zones and explore uncharted territories.Passion and Purpose: True entrepreneurship is not driven solely by financial gain. It is fueled by a deep passion for a cause, a desire to make a meaningful impact, and a sense of purpose that transcends the individual.Becoming an Entrepreneur: A Transformative Journey.The decision to become an entrepreneur is a transformative one that can lead to profound personal and professional growth. It is a journey that challenges the limits, sparks innovation, empowers impact, and ultimately brings a deep sense of fulfillment. While the path may be arduous, the rewards are immense for those who embrace the entrepreneurial mindset and are driven by a burning desire to make a difference in the world.。
成为企业家最重要的特征英文作文English:One of the most important characteristics of becoming an entrepreneur is having a strong sense of resilience. The path to success as an entrepreneur is never easy and is often filled with challenges, failures, and setbacks. It is crucial for entrepreneurs to have the ability to bounce back from these difficulties, learn from their mistakes, and keep pushing forward. Resilience allows entrepreneurs to persevere through tough times, adapt to changing circumstances, and ultimately achieve their goals. Additionally, having a high level of motivation and passion for their business idea is essential for entrepreneurs. Without a strong drive to succeed and a genuine interest in their work, entrepreneurs may struggle to stay motivated and overcome the obstacles they face. Combined with resilience, motivation and passion can fuel an entrepreneur's determination and help them navigate the ups and downs of building a successful business.Translated content:成为企业家最重要的特征之一是拥有坚韧不拔的品质。
想要成为一名成功的企业家英语作文150全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Becoming a successful entrepreneur is a dream that many people have. It requires dedication, hard work, perseverance, and a clear vision. In this essay, we will explore the essential qualities and steps needed to become a successful entrepreneur.First and foremost, a successful entrepreneur must have a clear vision and mission for their business. This vision will guide all decision-making processes and help set the direction for the company. It is important to have a strong belief in your idea and be passionate about what you are doing.Secondly, a successful entrepreneur must be willing to take risks. Starting a business is inherently risky, and there will be times when you face challenges and setbacks. It is important to be resilient and not give up at the first sign of trouble. Taking calculated risks and learning from your mistakes is essential for growth and success.Thirdly, successful entrepreneurs are constantly learning and growing. It is important to stay updated on industry trends, newtechnologies, and market developments. Continuous learning will help you stay ahead of the competition and adapt to changing circumstances.Another important quality of a successful entrepreneur is the ability to build a strong team. No one can succeed alone, and it is essential to surround yourself with talented and dedicated individuals who share your vision. Effective communication, leadership, and team-building skills are crucial for creating a cohesive and motivated team.Furthermore, a successful entrepreneur must be adaptable and flexible. The business landscape is constantly evolving, and it is important to be able to pivot and make changes when necessary. Being open to new ideas and willing to experiment with different strategies is key to staying competitive and relevant.In addition, successful entrepreneurs are able to manage their time and resources effectively. Prioritizing tasks, setting goals, and delegating responsibilities are all important skills for running a successful business. It is important to be organized and disciplined in order to stay on track and achieve your objectives.Lastly, a successful entrepreneur must have a strong work ethic and be willing to put in the time and effort required to achieve their goals. Building a successful business takes hard work, perseverance, and dedication. Success does not happen overnight, and it is important to stay focused and committed to your vision.In conclusion, becoming a successful entrepreneur is a challenging but rewarding journey. By cultivating the essential qualities of vision, risk-taking, learning, team-building, adaptability, time management, and work ethic, you can increase your chances of achieving success in the competitive business world. With determination and a clear focus, you can turn your dreams of entrepreneurship into a reality.篇2Becoming a successful entrepreneur is a dream for many people. It requires a combination of hard work, determination, creativity, and a willingness to take risks. If you have a passion for starting your own business and making a difference in the world, then becoming an entrepreneur may be the right path for you. In this essay, I will discuss some key traits and strategies that can help you become a successful entrepreneur.First and foremost, successful entrepreneurs have a clear vision of what they want to achieve. They are able to identify opportunities and develop innovative ideas to capitalize on them. Having a strong vision will keep you focused and motivated, even when faced with challenges and setbacks.Another important trait of successful entrepreneurs is resilience. Building a business from the ground up is not easy, and there will be many obstacles along the way. It is important to be able to bounce back from failures and learn from your mistakes. Resilience is key to staying motivated and moving forward, even when things do not go as planned.In addition to having a clear vision and resilience, successful entrepreneurs also possess strong leadership skills. They are able to inspire and motivate others to work towards a common goal. Effective communication, decision-making, and problem-solving skills are essential for leading a team and growing a successful business.Furthermore, successful entrepreneurs are constantly seeking new opportunities for growth and expansion. They are not afraid to take risks and step outside of their comfort zone. By pushing boundaries and exploring new possibilities,entrepreneurs can continue to innovate and stay ahead of the competition.To become a successful entrepreneur, it is also important to have a solid understanding of your industry and market. Conducting market research, staying informed about industry trends, and networking with other professionals are all key components of building a successful business.In conclusion, becoming a successful entrepreneur requires a combination of hard work, determination, creativity, and leadership skills. By having a clear vision, being resilient in the face of challenges, and constantly seeking new opportunities for growth, you can achieve your goals and make a positive impact on the world. Remember that success does not happen overnight, but with dedication and perseverance, you can turn your dreams of entrepreneurship into reality.篇3How to Become a Successful EntrepreneurBecoming a successful entrepreneur is a dream for many people. It requires hard work, dedication, and a willingness to take risks. In this article, we will discuss some key traits andstrategies that can help you achieve your goal of becoming a successful entrepreneur.First and foremost, successful entrepreneurs are often driven by a passion for their work. They have a clear vision of what they want to achieve and are willing to put in the time and effort to make it happen. Without passion and determination, it is difficult to overcome the obstacles and setbacks that come with starting a business.In addition to passion, successful entrepreneurs also possess strong leadership and communication skills. They are able to inspire and motivate others, and can effectively communicate their vision to employees, investors, and customers. Being a good leader means being able to make tough decisions, delegate tasks effectively, and build strong relationships with others.Another important trait of successful entrepreneurs is resilience. Building a business is not easy, and setbacks are inevitable. However, resilient entrepreneurs are able to bounce back from failures, learn from their mistakes, and keep moving forward. It is important to have a positive attitude and to never give up, even when things get tough.Successful entrepreneurs also have a strong work ethic. They are willing to put in long hours, work weekends, and make sacrifices in order to achieve their goals. Building a successful business takes time and effort, and there are no shortcuts to success. Entrepreneurs must be willing to do whatever it takes to make their dreams a reality.In addition to these traits, there are also some key strategies that can help aspiring entrepreneurs achieve success. One important strategy is to focus on a niche market. By targeting a specific group of customers with unique needs or preferences, entrepreneurs can differentiate themselves from competitors and attract a loyal customer base.Another important strategy is to build a strong team. No entrepreneur can succeed alone, and it is essential to surround yourself with talented and motivated individuals who can help you achieve your goals. Hiring the right people, delegating tasks effectively, and fostering a positive company culture are all important aspects of building a successful team.Networking is also a key strategy for success. Building relationships with other entrepreneurs, investors, and industry professionals can provide valuable opportunities for collaboration, mentorship, and growth. Attending networkingevents, joining industry associations, and participating in online forums are all ways to expand your network and increase your visibility within the business community.Finally, successful entrepreneurs are always looking for ways to innovate and adapt. The business world is constantly evolving, and entrepreneurs must be willing to embrace change and stay ahead of the curve. This may involve launching new products or services, investing in new technology, or exploring new markets. By staying flexible and open to new ideas, entrepreneurs can position themselves for long-term success.In conclusion, becoming a successful entrepreneur requires a combination of passion, leadership, resilience, work ethic, and strategic thinking. By cultivating these traits and implementing key strategies, aspiring entrepreneurs can increase their chances of building a successful business. While the road to success may be challenging, the rewards of entrepreneurship are well worth the effort. With dedication and perseverance, anyone can achieve their dream of becoming a successful entrepreneur.。
英语作文如何成为一位优秀的企业家英文回答:To become a successful entrepreneur, several key traits and skills are essential. Firstly, an entrepreneurial mindset is paramount. This involves a combination of creativity, innovation, and risk-taking propensity. Entrepreneurs need to be able to identify opportunities, develop unique solutions, and be willing to take calculated risks to drive their ventures forward.Secondly, strong leadership skills are crucial. Entrepreneurs are often responsible for guiding and motivating teams, setting strategic direction, and making important decisions. Effective communication, interpersonal abilities, and the capacity to inspire others are all essential traits of successful leaders.Financial literacy is another key aspect. Entrepreneurs need to be able to understand and manage financialresources effectively. This includes budgeting, cash flow management, and forecasting financial performance. A solid understanding of financial principles is essential for making informed decisions and ensuring the financial stability of the venture.Furthermore, adaptability and resilience are vital in the ever-changing business landscape. Entrepreneurs face numerous challenges and setbacks along the way, and the ability to adapt quickly to new situations and overcome obstacles is crucial for long-term success. Resilience allows entrepreneurs to persevere through adversity, learn from mistakes, and continue striving towards their goals.Technical expertise, while not always necessary, can be highly advantageous for entrepreneurs. In certain industries, specialized knowledge or skills can provide a competitive edge and enable entrepreneurs to develop innovative products or services that meet specific market needs.Additionally, a growth mindset is essential forcontinuous improvement and learning. Entrepreneurs should constantly seek opportunities to expand their knowledge, develop new skills, and embrace challenges. This mindset fosters a culture of innovation and adaptability, which is crucial for sustained success in the dynamic business environment.中文回答:成为一名优秀的企业家的要素:企业家思维,富有创造力、创新能力和冒险精神,善于发现机遇并勇于承担风险。
中考英语创业精神培养单选题40题1. Which of the following best defines entrepreneurship?A. Starting a new business to make a lot of moneyB. Creating and managing a new business venture with innovation and risk - takingC. Buying an existing business and running it without any changesD. Working for a big company to get promoted答案:B。
解析:选项A,创业的目的不只是为了赚很多钱,虽然盈利是一个方面,但这不是创业的最佳定义。
选项B,创业就是通过创新和冒险去创建和管理一个新的商业企业,这准确地涵盖了创业的核心概念,包括创新和承担风险等重要元素。
选项C,购买现有企业且不作任何改变不符合创业的定义,创业更多强调创造新的东西。
选项D,在大公司工作谋求晋升不是创业,创业是自己开创事业而不是为他人公司工作。
2. What is one of the main types of entrepreneurship?A. Social entrepreneurship which focuses on solving social problemsB. Lazy entrepreneurship which means doing business with least effortC. Copycat entrepreneurship which just copies other successful models without any new ideasD. Random entrepreneurship which starts a business randomly without any planning答案:A。
如何成为一名成功的企业家英语作文全文共5篇示例,供读者参考篇1How to Become a Successful EntrepreneurDo you want to be your own boss one day? Do you have a great idea for a business that could make lots of money? Becoming an entrepreneur and starting your own company is super exciting, but it also takes a lot of hard work and determination. Let me tell you all about what it takes to be a successful entrepreneur!First of all, you need to have a really good business idea. It could be a cool new product that nobody has thought of before, or it could be a service that helps make people's lives easier. Maybe you want to start a business baking and selling delicious cookies. Or perhaps you have an idea for a new app or video game. Whatever it is, your idea has to be something that people actually want and are willing to pay money for.Once you have your amazing business idea, you have to come up with a plan. This is called a "business plan" and it lays out all the details of your company - what you'll be selling, whoyour customers will be, how much money you need to get started, and more. Making a good business plan takes a lot of researching and thought.Speaking of money, you're going to need some to get your business off the ground. This is called "start-up capital." You might be able to get money from your parents or other family members who believe in your idea. Or you could try to find "investors" who will give you money in exchange for a share of your future profits. Getting investors usually means making a really impressive presentation about your business plan.Now it's time to actually start building your business! You'll need to find a good location, like renting an office or storage space. You'll have to get all the supplies and equipment you need. You may need to hire employees to help you. This is called "launching" your business and it's one of the most exciting but stressful parts.Once your business is up and running, one of the biggest challenges is marketing and advertising to get customers. You have to spread the word about your amazing products or services! This could mean posting a lot on social media, putting ads online or even on TV, handing out flyers or coupons, andmore. You have to get creative to stand out from the competition.Speaking of competition, there will probably be other businesses like yours already out there. A key part of being an entrepreneur is studying what your rivals are doing right and wrong. Then you can try to improve on their ideas and offer something even better to attract their customers to your business instead. It's important to always be looking for ways to make your products and services the best they can be.Another important entrepreneurial skill is dealing with failure and setbacks. Maybe your first few ideas for products didn't work out so well. Or perhaps there was an unexpected delay or money issue that made things really difficult. Successful entrepreneurs know that failing sometimes is just part of the process, and they use it as a learning experience to become stronger and smarter. They don't give up easily!As your business grows and becomes more successful, you have to be an excellent leader and manager. You'll be in charge of your employees, making sure they are productive and happy. You have to keep track of all the finances and money coming in and going out. You may need to bring in partners or more investors if you want to expand your company further. It's a bigresponsibility, but it's also very rewarding when you see your business thriving thanks to your hard work and vision.One of the coolest things about being an entrepreneur is that you get to be creative and innovative every single day. You aren't just stuck doing the same boring tasks over and over again. Your ideas and the direction of your business are always evolving based on new opportunities and challenges you encounter. Every day is a new exciting adventure!So those are some of the biggest things it takes to become a successful entrepreneur - a great business idea, a solid plan, start-up money, effective marketing, studying your competition, persevering through failures, leadership skills, and constant innovation. It's not easy, but it's an incredibly rewarding career path if you're willing to work hard and take some risks.Maybe you'll be the next kid entrepreneur who comes up with an amazing new product idea and turns it into amulti-million dollar business empire! Or perhaps you'll start a local service business that allows you to be your own boss and do something you really love every day. Whichever path you choose, I hope you can see that entrepreneurship is a grand adventure full of possibilities. If you have the passion, determination and smarts for it, you'll be running a thrivingbusiness before you know it! What are you waiting for? Start brainstorming your million dollar idea today!篇2How to Become a Successful EntrepreneurHello friends! My name is Tommy and today I want to talk to you about how to become a really successful entrepreneur when you grow up. An entrepreneur is someone who starts their own business. I think being an entrepreneur is super cool because you get to be your own boss and come up with awesome ideas to make money.Starting a business takes a lot of hard work, but I'll share some tips that can help you become a successful entrepreneur one day. Are you ready? Let's go!Tip #1: Find a Brilliant Business IdeaThe first step is to come up with a brilliant idea for a business. Maybe you can invent a new toy or gadget that no one has ever thought of before. Or perhaps you can start a business offering a service that helps people in your community. The best ideas solve a problem or make life easier for customers.When I was 8 years old, I started a little business selling homemade lemonade in my neighborhood. I realized people got really thirsty on hot summer days, so I provided them with a tasty, cold drink. Simple but genius!Tip #2: Work Super HardSuccessful entrepreneurs never give up easily. They work incredibly hard to make their business dreams come true. You have to be dedicated and put in long hours, even when you feel like taking a break or doing something else.My lemonade business took off and I was working every single day during summer break. I had to squeeze hundreds of lemons, make fresh lemonade, and spend hours sitting outside selling it. My arms got tired from all the squeezing, but I kept going because I wanted to save up money.Tip #3: Learn About BusinessIt's really important to learn as much as you can about how businesses operate. You need to understand stuff like marketing, accounting, management, and more. The more you know, the better you'll be able to run a successful company.I decided to learn about marketing, so I made big bright signs telling people about my lemonade stand. I also learned alittle accounting to keep track of how much money I earned and spent on supplies like lemons and sugar. Education is power for an entrepreneur!Tip #4: Manage Money WiselySpeaking of money, you have to be really careful with how you save and spend the money your business earns. Successful entrepreneurs don't waste money on unnecessary things. Instead, they invest their profits back into growing their business.With the money I made from lemonade sales, I was able to buy a bigger, nicer pitcher and some comfy chairs for my customers to sit in while they drank. I also saved some of the profits to buy better supplies like fresh mint and fruit to make the lemonade even tastier. Managing money right is crucial.Tip #5: Satisfy Your CustomersIf you want your business to be prosperous, you absolutely must satisfy your customers by providing excellent products or services. Listen to their needs and feedback and always go the extra mile to make them happy.I make sure my lemonade is perfectly mixed with the right balance of tartness and sweetness. I also offer customized flavors if someone prefers strawberry or peach instead of classic lemon.When a customer is happy, they'll keep coming back and tell others about your business.Tip #6: Face Challenges BravelyOn your journey as an entrepreneur, you're going to face a lot of challenges and obstacles. Successful business owners don't let setbacks stop them. They find a way to overcome every hurdle that comes their way through perseverance and creative problem-solving.There was one week where I couldn't sell any lemonade because it rained every single day. Instead of feeling defeated, I came up with a plan to sell lemon pound cakes and lemon cookies too so I could earn money rain or shine. When life gives you lemons, persist!Tip #7: Never Stop Learning and ImprovingThe most accomplished entrepreneurs are always trying to learn new things and find ways to improve their products, services, and business operations. They know there is always room for growth and ways to become even more successful.While my lemonade business was booming, I never stopped looking for ways to make my lemonade stand even better. I took a sales course to learn how to attract more customers. I alsostarted testing new lemonade flavors to keep my menu fresh and exciting. The day you stop learning is the day you stop growing.Well, those are my top tips for how to become a hugely successful entrepreneur when you grow up! Sure, it takes a lot of hard work, but it's also a lot of fun getting to be the boss and make your own dreams happen.If you follow this advice, study hard in school, and never give up on your goals, you'll be running a booming business empire before you know it. An entrepreneur's life is challenging but incredibly rewarding. Who's ready to start their first business?篇3How to Become a Successful EntrepreneurDo you dream of being your own boss one day? Of creating something amazing that could change the world? Well, that's what entrepreneurs do! They come up with brilliant ideas and turn them into real businesses. It's not easy, but if you work hard and never give up, you could grow up to be a mega successful entrepreneur too!What is an Entrepreneur?An entrepreneur is someone who starts their own company or business. Instead of working for someone else, they decide to work for themselves and make their own rules. Pretty cool, right? Entrepreneurs look at problems in the world and create products or services to solve them. My friend's mom is an entrepreneur. She started a business that makes yummy veggie snacks for kids because she wanted to help kids eat healthier.Some of the most famous entrepreneurs you might know are Bill Gates (started Microsoft), Steve Jobs (started Apple), and Mark Zuckerberg (started Facebook). They all had a big idea, worked super duper hard, and now their companies are worth billions and billions of dollars! Of course, not all businesses get that big, but any successful entrepreneur makes money doing something they really care about.What Does it Take?Becoming an entrepreneur isn't just about having a good idea. You have to have certain skills and characteristics to make it work. Here are some of the most important ones:Passion - Successful entrepreneurs are passionate about their idea and don't give up easily. They keep trying until they make it a success, no matter how many obstacles get in their way.You have to really believe in your idea and your ability to make it happen.Creativity - Entrepreneurs have to think outside the box. Their ideas are new, unique, and creative. They come up with innovative solutions that no one else has thought of before. Let your imagination run wild!Courage - It's scary starting your own business from scratch. There's no guarantee it will work and you risk losing money. But entrepreneurs are篇4How to Become a Successful EntrepreneurDo you dream of being your own boss one day? Do you have a great idea for a new product or business that you think could be super popular? If so, you might want to become an entrepreneur when you grow up! An entrepreneur is someone who starts their own company or business. It takes a lot of hard work, but if you are successful, you can make lots of money and be in charge of your own destiny. Here are some tips for becoming a stellar entrepreneur:Have a Brilliant IdeaThe first step is coming up with an amazing idea for a product, service or type of business that people will really want. It could be a neat new toy, a tasty food or drink product, or a helpful service like a lawn mowing company or dog walking business. The best ideas solve a problem that people have or make their lives easier, more fun or more convenient in some way. As an entrepreneur, you'll need to create something that is different and better than what already exists.Ask yourself - is my idea truly unique and creative? Is it also practical and affordable to produce? Will people be eager to pay money for it? Really think it through and get advice from others you trust. You may need to tweak or change your idea based on feedback. The idea is the seed that your whole business will grow from, so it has to be a good one!Be PassionateRunning your own business is extremely hard work, so you need to be passionate about your idea and totally dedicated to making it a success. You can't just work on it a little bit in your spare time. Building a business will likely be your sole focus for years as you try to get it off the ground and sustain it. If you don't completely believe in and love your idea, you'll quickly get discouraged by the inevitable setbacks and long hours required.Entrepreneurship takes intense drive, motivation and perseverance. There will be constant challenges, problems to solve, and risk of failure. But if you are excited about your idea and dream, you'll find the energy to push through the tough times. Passion will fuel your work ethic and carry you forward.Create a Business PlanOnce you have an amazing, well-researched idea that you're passionate about, the next step is creating a comprehensive business plan. This is like a blueprint or instruction manual for exactly how you'll start and run your business successfully. It describes your goals and strategies for designing your product or service, manufacturing it, marketing and selling it to customers, managing staffing and operations, and making enough profit to stay in business.The business plan forces you to think through every single aspect and get all the details down on paper. It specifies what you'll spend money on and how much you'll need to get loans or investment from others. The plan guides your actions and allows you to measure your progress against it over time. Don't skip this vital planning stage! Without a solid roadmap, even the best business ideas can easily get off track or fail.Find FundingWhether you want to start a lawn mowing business in your neighborhood or open a big factory to manufacture a new kind of toy, you'll need money to turn your entrepreneurial dream into reality. And chances are, you won't have enough savings to self-fund the whole operation yourself. Most start-up businesses require loans from banks, investments from venture capitalists or angels investors, crowdfunding from regular people who believe in your idea, or a combination of these sources to get off the ground.In your business plan, you'll calculate exactly how much money you need for costs like staff, equipment, materials, manufacturing, marketing, rent and other expenses. Then you'll need to research how to pitch your business idea effectively to potential investors or lenders and convince them to provide the funding you require. Having a very solid, well-thought-out business plan will be crucial to raising the capital you need.Market It RightYou could create the most amazing product in the world, but if customers don't know it exists, your business will never take off. Marketing and promotion are absolutely essential for entrepreneurial success. Your business plan needs to includebrilliant marketing strategies for spreading awareness about your offerings and persuading people to buy them.Today, that will likely involve a lot of digital marketing like social media ads, email campaigns, online videos and more to reach your target audience on the internet and their mobile devices. You'll need a great website, creative promotions and a clear brand identity. You may also still utilize more traditional marketing like TV commercials, billboards, coupons or partnerships to promote your business in the real world. Staying on top of the latest marketing tools and trends will help your product truly stand out in the crowded business world.Provide Awesome ServiceSo you've created a cool new product and successfully marketed it so people are buying it. Congratulations, your business is off to a great start! But the hard work is far from over for this young entrepreneur. Once you make that first sale, you need to back it up by delivering awesome customer service to turn those first-time buyers into loyal, lifelong fans of your product or service.Always be friendly, polite and attentive when dealing with customers. Respond quickly to their questions and resolve any complaints in a helpful, responsible way. Go above and beyondto exceed expectations and build a solid reputation for stellar service. Happy customers who love your product and the way they were treated by your company will be your biggest supporters. Their positive word-of-mouth is priceless and will allow your business to keep growing for years to come.Being an entrepreneur allows you to be your own boss, but that comes with tons of responsibility. Successful entrepreneurs must be creative visionaries who can take a brilliant idea and turn it into a real product or service that people want. They have to be incredibly hardworking and passionate about their business. Solid planning, funding, marketing skills and outstanding customer service areabsolutely vital too. It's an enormous challenge, but for entrepreneurs who get it right, the payoffs of independence, innovation and financial success are tremendously rewarding.篇5How to Become a Successful EntrepreneurHi, my name is Timmy and today I want to tell you all about how to become a really successful entrepreneur when you grow up! An entrepreneur is someone who starts their own business.It's a super hard job, but if you work really really hard, you can make tons of money and be your own boss - how cool is that?The first and most important thing you need to become an entrepreneur is to have a great idea for a business. You can't just start any old business and expect to get rich quick. The best business ideas solve a problem that people have. Think about stuff that annoys or frustrates you in life. Like how hard it is to find your missing sock after it gets lost in the laundry. Or how boring it is to wait in line at the supermarket. If you can invent something to solve problems like that, you'll be on your way!Once you have an amazing idea, you need a plan to make it happen. This is called a "business plan." It explains exactly what your business will do, how you'll make money from it, who will want to buy your product or service, and how much money you'll need to get started. Making a good business plan is super important because you'll probably need to borrow money from a bank or investors to get your business off the ground. They'll want to see that you've really thought everything through.Speaking of money, you're definitely going to need some cash to turn your idea into a real business. Maybe you can start small by doing chores or a lemonade stand to save up. But for a serious business, you'll likely need investors who will give youmoney in exchange for part ownership of your company. Convincing investors to believe in your idea is one of the hardest parts of being an entrepreneur. You have to give a perfect pitch that gets them excited about your business.Once you get your business started, be prepared to work your butt off! Successful entrepreneurs often work super crazy hours, especially in the beginning when they are trying to get their business model right. You'll have to wear a ton of different hats - maybe you're the janitor one day and the delivery person the next. It's a lot of responsibility, but that's the price you pay to be the boss.A huge part of being an entrepreneur is marketing and promoting your business so people know about it and want to buy what you're selling. These days, you absolutely have to get social media right with a strong online presence. You might need to hire employees to help with marketing, sales, manufacturing or whatever else. Being a good leader who can inspire a team is really important.No matter how successful your business gets, there will always be ups and downs. Competitors might try to copy your idea. The economy could take a downturn. You might have to find new investors or lay people off. An entrepreneur has to beable to roll with the punches and find creative solutions when things get tough. You can't just give up at the first sign of trouble!If you really make it big, maybe your business will go public and you can make billions like Bill Gates or Mark Zuckerberg. Or maybe you'll be happy just being a local entrepreneur providing a service in your community. Either way, the best entrepreneurs are the ones who never stop learning, adapting and working hard to make their dream a reality.I know this all sounds like a ton of work, but to me, being an entrepreneur sounds like the coolest job ever! You get to be the one calling the shots and decide how to spend your time instead of just working for someone else. If you put in the hard work and hustle, the payoff of being a successful entrepreneur can be absolutely huge. Who knows, maybe one of you will be the next Elon Musk!Well, that's all the entrepreneurial wisdom I can share for now. I hope my essay inspires you to start thinking about your million dollar business ideas. The future is yours to shape - why not go out and start your own empire?。
成功企业家的品质和素质英文作文The Awesome Qualities of Super Successful EntrepreneursDo you dream of starting your own business one day and being your own boss? Entrepreneurs are people who create new businesses and take on all the risks and rewards that come with it. It's not easy, but some entrepreneurs end up being super successful and making tons of money. What makes these business superstars so awesome? Let me tell you about some of the most important qualities of successful entrepreneurs.Passion and DeterminationThe first and maybe most important quality is passion. Successful entrepreneurs are passionate about their business ideas. They get really, really excited about their products or services and truly believe in what they are doing. This passion gives them the motivation and drive to work extremely hard.Along with passion comes determination. Being an entrepreneur means you'll face a lot of challenges, obstacles and setbacks along the way. Successful entrepreneurs never give up. They are determined to make their dreams and ideas a reality, no matter how difficult things get. Their determination keeps them pushing forward.Creativity and VisionThe greatest entrepreneurs are incredibly creative. They can come up with innovative ideas for new products, services or business models that no one has thought of before. And they have a clear vision of where they want their business to go and how to get there.It helps to be able to think outside the box and look at things from new perspectives. The most successful business owners don't just copy what others have already done. They blaze new trails and create things that are unique.Willingness to Take RisksStarting a new business is very risky, and successful entrepreneurs understand and accept this risk. They bet a lot of their own money, time and effort to launch their ideas. There's no guarantee of success, but they take that risk willingly because they believe so strongly in their vision.Part of being a good risk-taker is calculating and minimizing the risks as much as possible. Reckless behavior leads to failure, but carefully evaluating and managing risks is wise. The best entrepreneurs find the right balance.Adaptability and PerseveranceEven with careful planning, there will always be unexpected obstacles and setbacks for entrepreneurs. Maybe the product launch fails or there are supply chain problems or new competitors enter the market. Whatever the challenge is, successful entrepreneurs need to be able to adapt their plans and strategies.They also require perseverance to get through the tough times. Building a massively successful business isn't easy and takes years of hard work. Setbacks might slow them down, but they persevere and find ways to overcome any roadblocks. They never quit!Self-Motivation and DisciplineAs an entrepreneur, there is no boss telling you what to do each day. You have to be self-motivated and disciplined to get stuff done without anyone pushing you. It's easy to get distracted or procrastinate when you're in charge.The most successful business owners are self-starters who don't need someone else to motivate them. They are also highly disciplined in managing their time, prioritizing tasks and meeting their goals. Without self-motivation and discipline, it's nearly impossible to build a booming business.Ability to Lead and InspireEven if they start out as a solo operation, most successful entrepreneurs eventually need to build a strong team around them as their company grows. This requires excellent leadership and people skills to hire the right employees, motivate them and inspire them to give their best effort.The top entrepreneurs lead by example through their hard work ethic and positive attitude. They create a vision that gets people excited and instills confidence in their ability to lead the team to success. Having this ability to lead and rally people is critical for big entrepreneurial achievements.Money Management SkillsFinally, you can't become a successful entrepreneur without knowing how to manage your money very carefully. Most startups operate on shoestring budgets for a long time, so every penny needs to be spent wisely.Successful entrepreneurs understand finance, accounting, investing, and how to price their products to be profitable. They are experts at forecasting costs, revenues and cash flow to ensure the business has enough money at all times to operate.Watching the bottom line is crucial when you're running your own business.So there you have it - some of the most awesome qualities and characteristics of super successful entrepreneurs! It takes a special combination of passion, creativity, risk-taking, adaptability, discipline, leadership and money smarts. Do you have what it takes to be the next big business superstar? Only one way to find out - start putting these entrepreneurial qualities into practice! Who knows, maybe you'll create the nextbillion-dollar company.。
成为企业家最重要的特征英文作文Becoming an entrepreneur is a journey that requires a unique blend of traits. The most important of these is resilience, the ability to bounce back from setbacks and maintain a positive outlook even in the face of adversity.Another key characteristic is vision. Entrepreneurs must be able to see beyond the present, to imagine newpossibilities and create a roadmap for the future that guides their business decisions.Innovation is also a must-have quality. Entrepreneurs are the ones who challenge the status quo, who find new ways todo things, and who bring fresh ideas to the table that can revolutionize industries.Passion is the fuel that drives an entrepreneur. It isthe unwavering commitment to one's venture that keeps thefire burning, even when the going gets tough. Without passion, the motivation to take risks and push boundaries can quickly wane.Adaptability is a trait that allows entrepreneurs to navigate the ever-changing landscape of business. The ability to pivot and adjust strategies in response to market shiftsis crucial for long-term success.Finally, integrity is the bedrock upon which anentrepreneur's reputation is built. Trustworthiness and ethical behavior are essential in establishing relationships with customers, partners, and investors, and in maintaining a positive public image.In conclusion, while many qualities can contribute to the success of an entrepreneur, resilience, vision, innovation, passion, adaptability, and integrity stand out as the most critical. These traits form the foundation upon which a business can be built and sustained over time.。
The motivation to become an entrepreneurGerry Segal,Dan Borgia and Jerry SchoenfeldFlorida Gulf Coast University,College of Business,Fort Myers,Florida,USA AbstractPurpose –Since the 1950s,organizational psychology research investigating work-related motivation has progressed from static content models to dynamic process models.Entrepreneurship research has evolved along a similar trajectory,adapting organizational psychology findings to better understand the motivation to become an entrepreneur.This paper reviews motivation research from both fields,explores some of the commonalities among current theories,and presents a new model of entrepreneurial motivation.Design/methodology/approach –In an exploratory study,the ability of tolerance for risk,perceived feasibility,and perceived net desirability to predict intentions for self-employment is examined in a sample of 114undergraduate business students at Florida Gulf Coast University.Findings –Results indicated that tolerance for risk,perceived feasibility and net desirability significantly predicted self-employment intentions,with an adjusted R 2of 0.528.Research limitations/implications –Because the sample consisted entirely of undergraduate business students,findings may not be generalizable to non-student populations.This research did not examine the role of negative motivations,or “push”factors.The cross-sectional rather than longitudinal design of the study raises the usual caveats regarding lack of causal evidence.Finally,a limitation of any survey research is the inability to ask follow-up questions and explore in more depth the reasoning behind any finding.Future research including qualitative interviews and/or focus group sessions could therefore provide rich explanatory information that could add value to the survey data.Practical implications –As a result of this research,educators,government officials,and others interested in stimulating entrepreneurial motivation should consider how their words and actions affect potential entrepreneurs’perceptions of entrepreneurial feasibility and net desirability.Originality/value –Although the model is original and unique,it is based on established theories and models.It provides a well-supported explanation of the motivation to become an entrepreneur that will be useful to potential entrepreneurs and those who encourage and guide them.Keywords Entrepreneurs,Motivation (psychology),Individual psychology,Risk managementPaper type Research paper Introduction Herron and Sapienza (1992,p.49)stated,“Because motivation plays an important part in the creation of new organizations,theories of organizational creation that fail to address this notion are incomplete”.More recently,Kuratko et al.(1997)reported that the lack of empirical research into entrepreneurial motivation was still evident.Being an entrepreneur,one who is self-employed and who starts,organizes,manages,and assumes responsibility for a business,offers a personal challenge that many individuals prefer over being an employee working for someone else.Entrepreneurs accept the personal financial risks that go with owning a business but also benefit directly from the potential success of the business.Being an entrepreneur is often viewed as an aversive career choice where one is faced with everyday life and work situations that are fraught with increased uncertainty,impediments,failures,and frustrations associated with the process of new firm creation (Campbell,1992).NotThe Emerald Research Register for this journal is available atThe current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at /researchregister /1355-2554.htm IJEBR11,142International Journal ofEntrepreneurial Behaviour &ResearchVol.11No.1,2005pp.42-57q Emerald Group Publishing Limited1355-2554DOI 10.1108/13552550510580834surprisingly,many researchers have investigated the motivation to become self-employed.What is it about certain people that drives them to take on the risk, the uncertainty and the independent structure of business ownership?In this paper we examine key components of motivation that may contribute to the decision to become self-employed.We begin with a review of the evolution of research on entrepreneurial motivation starting with content-based theories of motivation.We then explore the current state of the more recent process-oriented research on the motivation to become an entrepreneur.Three constructs that play an important role in the intention to become self-employed are proposed as part of our model of entrepreneurial motivation. To test the model,four hypotheses are suggested.An exploratory research study is then presented utilizing a survey instrument that was presented to112undergraduate business students.Thefindings of our hypothesis testing are discussed with attention given to the limitations and implications of this study.Motivation and entrepreneurshipThe topic of motivation in the entrepreneurship literature has evolved along a path similar to that of the organizational psychologyfield.From an organizational psychology perspective,theories of motivation have progressed from static, content-oriented theories to dynamic,process-oriented theories,a framework suggested by Campbell et al.(1970).Content theories search for the specific things within individuals that initiate,direct,sustain,and stop behavior.Process theories explain how behavior is initiated,directed,sustained,and stopped.Organizational psychology research focused on developing and testing content(i.e. need)theories of motivation during the1950s and early1960s.According to Landy (1989,p.379),“data supportive of need theories have been infrequent.Damaging data are commonplace.”In a general sense,focusing on personality profiles of people to explain behaviors,the personological perspective,has fallen out of favor.For over30 years,psychologists have accepted Mischel’s(1968)explanation that behavior results from the interaction between the person and the situation,a dynamic process(Shaver and Scott,1991).According to Landy(1989),by the mid-1960s process models were preferred, beginning with Vroom’s(1964)expectancy theory.This was supplanted by Locke’s (1968)goal-setting theory and later by Bandura’s(1977)self-efficacy theory.Early entrepreneurial research followed a similar path,focusing on identifying traits and characteristics that distinguished entrepreneurs from the general population, rather than developing process-based models.Beginning with McClelland(1961),who argued that a high need for achievement was a personality trait common to entrepreneurs,a great deal of research has focused on characteristics of entrepreneurs (Churchill and Lewis,1986;Shaver and Scott,1991).In spite of the large number of studies examining personality traits of entrepreneurs (Churchill and Lewis,1986;Timmons,1999),results are still mixed and inconclusive (Herron and Sapienza,1992;Shaver and Scott,1991).Yet studies continue(Stewart et al.,1998).Low and MacMillan(1988,p.148)commented:Being innovators and idiosyncratic,entrepreneurs tend to defy aggregation.They tend to reside at the tails of personality distributions,and though they may be expected to differ from the mean,the nature of these differences are not predictable.It seems that any attempt to profile the typical entrepreneur is inherently futile.Motivation to become an entrepreneur43Gilad and Levine (1986)proposed two closely-related explanations of entrepreneurial motivation,the “push”theory and the “pull”theory.The “push”theory argues that individuals are pushed into entrepreneurship by negative external forces,such as job dissatisfaction,difficulty finding employment,insufficient salary,or inflexible work schedule.The “pull”theory contends that individuals are attracted into entrepreneurial activities seeking independence,self-fulfillment,wealth,and other desirable outcomes.Research (Keeble et al.,1992;Orhan and Scott,2001)indicates that individuals become entrepreneurs primarily due to “pull”factors,rather than “push”factors.Entrepreneurship research has also attempted to identify the situational and environmental factors that predict entrepreneurial activity,such as job displacement,previous work experience,availability of various resources,and governmental influences.However,these empirical studies of contextual factors have found low explanatory power and predictive ability (Krueger et al.,2000).Logically,there is no reason to expect a direct relationship between these external forces and entrepreneurial activity.For example,job displacement may be a triggering event leading to entrepreneurship.However,displaced workers will not pursue this career unless there is a more direct,process-oriented linkage.Although external forces may provide a more conducive environment supporting entrepreneurship,it may be just as likely that other career option may be pursued.Sexton (1987)stated that much of the then-current research was fragmented and unrelated.He felt that the transfer of up-to-date research findings from other areas was needed to contribute to the development of paradigms and constructs that lead to the development of convergent theories.Bird and Jelinek (1988)mentioned the need for a behavioral,process-oriented model of entrepreneurship.Calls for frameworks grounded in well-established theory are regularly echoed (Jelinek and Litterer,1994;MacMillan and Kartz,1992).As a result,many of the entrepreneurship models advanced in recent years are process-oriented cognitive models,focusing on attitudes and beliefs and how they can predict intentions and behaviors.Human endeavors,especially complex activities such as new venture initiation,are a result of people’s cognitive processes.Humans are able to think about possible future outcomes,decide which of these are most desirable,and whether it is feasible to pursue attaining these outcomes.It is not reasonable to expect people to pursue outcomes that they perceive to be either undesirable or unfeasible.Many cognitive models explaining the motivation to found a new enterprise are analogous to Vroom’s (1964)expectancy framework.Although these models use different terminology and build on different theory bases,Vroom’s expectancy model can be used to demonstrate the commonalities between these disparate models.The Vroom model explains that an individual will choose among alternative behaviors by considering which behavior will lead to the most desirable outcome.Motivation is conceptualized as the product of expectancy,instrumentality,and valence.Expectancy is analogous to measures such as perceived feasibility and self-efficacy used in other models predicting entrepreneurial intentions.Despite subtle,technical differences in these constructs,they are frequently operationalized in similar ways.For example,expectancy,self-efficacy,and perceived feasibility have all been measured by responding to the question:How confident are you that you can perform the task?’by circling the appropriate percentage range on a survey.IJEBR 11,144Mone(1994)discussed two measures of self-efficacy,process and outcome.The former refers to people’s confidence to successfully perform a task,whereas the latter refers to people’s confidence to achieve an outcome.Thefirst measure would be analogous to expectancy;the latter would be analogous to the product of expectancy and instrumentality.The product of instrumentality and valence is analogous to a wide variety of measures used in various organizational psychology or economic decision models predicting entrepreneurial intentions,such as perceived desirability,outcome expectations,net benefits,and perceived utility.Vroom’s(1964)expectancy model establishes a common thread connecting many process-oriented explanations of entrepreneurial motivation.Current process models are implicitly or explicitly grounded in this basic conception:an individual’s intentions to become an entrepreneur are predicted by these two questions:(1)is entrepreneurship desirable to me?(i.e.does it lead to desired outcomes?);and(2)is entrepreneurship feasible for me?(i.e.do I have what it takes to succeed as anentrepreneur?).Current process models of entrepreneurial motivationBaumol(1990)suggested that entrepreneurs are motivated by the reward structure in the economy.This economic perspective on new venture initiation focuses on the usefulness,utility,or desirability of an entrepreneurial career.Campbell’s(1992) economic decision model compares the expected net present benefits of entrepreneurship relative to the expected gains from wage labor.For both entrepreneurship and wage labor,Campbell multiplied probability of success times average income to determine expected benefits.Praag and Cramer(2001)found that people would become entrepreneurs if the expected rewards surpass the wages of employment.Because expected rewards depended on assessments of individual ability and attitudes towards risk,perceptions of entrepreneurial feasibility were included.Thus the model,like expectancy theory,finds entrepreneurial activity to be a function of feasibility and desirability.Levesque et al.(2002)examined the choice between employment and self-employment in a utility-maximizing model that changes according to the individual’s age(i.e.stage of life).These economics-based models(Campbell,1992;Praag and Cramer,2001; Levesque et al.,2002)explicitly consider the role of risk in the decision to become an entrepreneur.Rees and Shah(1986)found that the variance of earnings for self-employed individuals was triple that of individuals working for others,leading to the conclusion that risk-averse individuals are less likely to pursue self-employment.Douglas and Shepherd(1999,p.231),using anticipated risk as a predictor,stated“The more tolerant one is of risk bearing,the greater incentive to be self-employed.”Other recent research is based on an organizational psychological framework.Bird (1988),stressing the importance of entrepreneurial intentions as a precursor to new venture creation,called for development of a behavioral,process-oriented model of entrepreneurship.Motivation to become an entrepreneur45In a theoretical discussion of the psychology of new venture creation,Shaver andScott (1991)emphasized that new ventures emerge because of deliberate choices made by individuals.They then examined the immediate antecedents of choice:.Can I make a difference?(i.e.feasibility)..Do I want to?(i.e.desirability).Arguably the most widely and successfully applied theories for predicting behavioral intention are the theories of reasoned action (Ajzen and Fishbein,1980;Fishbein and Ajzen,1975)and planned behavior (Ajzen,1988,1991).The theory of planned behavior (TPB)is essentially an extension of the theory of reasoned action (TRA)that includes measures of control belief and perceived behavioral control.The theory of planned behavior (Ajzen,1985)was developed to account for the process by which individuals decide on,and engage in,a particular course of action.Kolvereid (1996)demonstrated that the Ajzen (1991)framework is a solid model for explaining or predicting entrepreneurial intentions.Ajzen (1991)states that a person’s intention is the immediate antecedent of behavior.Intent to perform a behavior,in turn,is a function of three variables:(1)attitude toward the behavior,which refers to the degree to which individuals perceive the attractiveness of the behavior in question.In general,a person who believes that the performance of a given behavior will,with high probability,lead to mostly positive outcomes will possess a favorable attitude toward that behavior;(2)subjective norm,which refers to the perceived social pressure to perform the behavior in question.Perceived social norms is a measure of social support of the behavior by significant others,such as family,friends,and other role models and mentors;and(3)perceived behavioral control (i.e.a self-evaluation of one’s own competence with regard to the task or behavior).Perceived feasibility is a measure of behavioral control,similar to Bandura’s (1986)self-efficacy construct.Thus,the TPB provides an account of the way in which attitudes,subjective norms,perceived behavioral control,and behavioral intentions combine to predict behavioral performance.Depending on the difficulty of engaging in the behavior,perceived behavioral control may also exert a direct effect on behavioral performance.Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior has wide acceptance in many behavioral science disciplines and has been used empirically in a variety of settings to predict and understand behavioral intentions (Bansal,2002;King,2003;Masalu and Astrom,2001;Rhodes,2002).Individuals’behavioral intentions are,according to Shapero’s (1982)model of the entrepreneurial event,also dependent on two main factors:perceived credibility (perceived feasibility)and perceived desirability.Shapero and Sokol (1982)conceptualized perceived desirability as the personal attractiveness of starting a business,and perceived feasibility as a perceptual measure of personal capability with regard to new venture creation.In addition,Shapero adds a third predictor variable,propensity to act.This measure of volition or proactiveness is closely related to locus of control.Both Shapero and Sokol (1982)and Krueger (1993)argued that perceived desirability,perceived feasibility,and propensity to act are associated with entrepreneurial behavioral intentions.Moreover,Erikson (2001)found that the model explained entrepreneurial intentions quite well.IJEBR 11,146The Azjen and Shapero models consider self-efficacy,a proxy for feasibility,an important predictor.Chen et al.(1998)found entrepreneurial self-efficacy a reliable measure to differentiate between business founders and non-founders.Krueger et al.(2000)compared the predictive validity of the Ajzen and Shapero-Krueger models,using a sample of97senior university business students. Regression analysis using perceived desirability,subjective norms,and perceived feasibility to predict intentions supported Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior,with adjusted R2of0.350ðP,0:0001)for the overall model.However,the subjective norms predictor variable was not significant in the regression.Regression analysis using perceived desirability,propensity to act,and perceived feasibility to predict intentions fully supported the Shapero-Krueger model,with adjusted R2of0.408ðp,0:0001). The Shapero-Krueger model used Seligman’s(1990)learned optimism construct to measure propensity to act.Our proposed model of entrepreneurial motivationWe started with the Shapero-Krueger framework,as described in Krueger et al.(2000), also using self-efficacy as a proxy for perceived feasibility.Borrowing from the previously discussed economic models(Campbell,1992;Praag and Cramer,2001;Levesque et al., 2002),we substituted perceived net desirability for perceived desirability,believing that people may be motivated to become entrepreneurs if they believe self-employment is more likely than working for others to lead to valued outcomes.It seemed to us that the motivation to become an entrepreneur is driven by the difference between the desirability of self-employment and the desirability of working for others.We also operationalized Shapero and Krueger’s propensity to act differently.We felt that an individual’s willingness to accept a moderate,calculated risk would be the best indicator of this propensity.We recognized that not all people viewing themselves as efficacious,and seeing self-employment as a path to acquiring desirable outcomes, intend to become self-employed.To act on their perceptions of feasibility and net desirability,people must be willing to bear the moderate,calculated risk intrinsic to self-employment.This is consistent with the economics-based models discussed above (Campbell,1992;Douglas and Shepherd,1999,Praag and Cramer,2001;Levesque et al., 2002),which all included risk as a predictor.We view the decision between a career of self-employment or working for others asa rational three-part process in which:(1)Individuals compare the desirability of self-employment with the desirability ofworking for others.(2)Individuals assess whether they possess the requisite knowledge,skills,andabilities to perform the tasks and activities necessary to become an entrepreneur.(3)Individuals determine whether they are willing to accept the inherent risk ofentrepreneurial activity.People with a sense of entrepreneurial self-efficacy may be drawn to self-employment’s desirable opportunities and benefits,compared to the availability of these benefits obtained through working for others.If they also can accept the intrinsic risk of self-employment,they are likely to act on these perceptions by forming intentions and goals for self-employment.Motivation to become an entrepreneur47The current study therefore represents a new paradigm for process-oriented entrepreneurial motivation research drawing upon well-grounded theory.It facilitates a needed convergence of frameworks on the motivational intention to become an entrepreneur.This model of entrepreneurship motivation introduces new constructs and uniquely combines them in specifying that the intention to become an entrepreneur is a function of these three variables:the perceived net desirability of self-employment(NDSE),the perceived feasibility (self-efficacy)of self-employment (SE),and tolerance for risk (TR).Our model is depicted graphically in Figure 1.Our model addresses a long-standing call in the entrepreneurial literature for the development of behavioral,process-oriented models of entrepreneurship that are well-grounded and transfer up-to-date research findings (Jelinek and Litterer,1994;MacMillan and Kartz,1992;Sexton,1987).To test our model,we hypothesize as follows:H1.There is a positive relationship between an individual’s entrepreneurialself-efficacy (SE)and his or her intention to become an entrepreneur.H2.There is a positive relationship between an individual’s tolerance for risk (TR)and his or her intention to become an entrepreneur.H3.There is a positive relationship between an individual’s net desirability forself-employment (NDSE)and his or her intention to become an entrepreneur.H4.There is a positive relationship between an individual’s net desirability forself-employment (NDSE),entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SE)and tolerance for risk (TR)and his or her intention to become an entrepreneur.H1through H3suggest that each of the three independent variables in the model separately explain an individual’s entrepreneurial intentions.H4suggests that all three independent variables together (our model)significantly explain an individual’s intention to become an entrepreneur.MethodologyThis section examines the methodology used in the present study,including sample data and variable measures,and research design.Figure 1.Entrepreneurial intentionsmodelIJEBR 11,148Sample data and variable measuresSample data.We began this research with a survey instrument consisting of100 questions,many of which dealt with parameters outside the scope of the present research. We administered this survey to112junior and senior undergraduate business students at Florida Gulf Coast University(FGCU).Later,the survey was reformulated to be more focused,reducing the total number of questions from100to26.Thefinal sample for this study consisted of the responses to the26-question survey by115junior and senior undergraduate business students at FGCU,and was administered in January2001. Surveys were completed anonymously during regular class time,with a response rate of 100percent.Student respondents were close enough to graduation to contemplate important career choices,such as that of self-employment versus working for others.Dependent variable.The dependent variable in our model is entrepreneurial intentions.The survey instrument defined entrepreneurship as“being self-employed in your own business.”Chen et al.(1998)established six measures of entrepreneurial intentions using the questions listed below:Q1.How interested are you in becoming an entrepreneur?Q2.How much have you considered becoming an entrepreneur?Q3.How much have you already prepared to become an entrepreneur?Q4.How likely are you to become an entrepreneur?Q5.How likely are you to work very hard at becoming an entrepreneur?Q6.How soon are you going to become an entrepreneur?We included all six measures of intentions in our initial test of the ter,we reduced the length of the survey instrument.We accomplished this reduction in length in part by reducing the number of questions designed to measure entrepreneurial intentions from six to one.This reduction was justified based on the results of Cronbach Alpha analysis.Cronbach Alpha is a model of internal consistency,based on the average inter-item correlation.Crano and Brewer(1986)suggest that the degree of internal consistency is considered acceptable if the Alpha coefficient is0.75or better.Table I shows the impact on reliability(Alpha)of removing each of the questions,1 through6,one at a time.It is clear from this analysis that question6is not internally consistent with questions1through5.The overall Alpha increases to an acceptable level,0.9175when questions1through5are included and question6is removed.Question Scale mean ifitem deletedScale variance ifitem deletedCorrected item-totalcorrelationSquared multiplecorrelationAlpha if itemdeletedQ115.600012.02200.78160.73630.6085 Q215.763611.66840.82300.72140.5929 Q316.845512.73740.64860.49670.6505 Q416.163611.86290.83420.74990.5936 Q515.954512.31900.70130.67970.6326 Q616.400024.756020.66050.51520.9175Table I.Impact on reliability(alpha)of removing questions designed to measure entrepreneurialintentions Motivation tobecome anentrepreneur49These results suggest that questions 1through 5create a unitary construct that measures entrepreneurial intentions.Based on these results,and our desire to reduce the length of our survey to improve the accuracy of subject responses,we selected question 4(How likely are you to become an entrepreneur?)as our measure of the dependent variable entrepreneurial intentions.Independent variables .The model includes three independent variables.The firstindependent variable is entrepreneurial self-efficacy,which was measured by one question designed to assess an individual’s self-confidence in his or her ability to perform the tasks and activities necessary to become an entrepreneur.The second independent variable was an entrepreneur’s tolerance for risk (TR).Tolerance for risk was determined by asking pointedly “To what extent are you willing to take a moderate,calculated risk to get ahead?”The third independent variable in the model is net desirability to become self-employed (NDSE).The computation and significance of this variable deserves special attention.The variable net desirability to become self-employed (NDSE)was calculated as shown in Figure 2.The decision between a career of self-employment or working for others may be viewed as a rational process in which individuals compare the relative desirability of each option.If an individual believes self-employment is more likely than working for others to lead to valued outcomes,then he or she is more likely to be drawn to self-employment.A review of the literature revealed five outcomes emphasized as criteria in the decision between self-employment or being employed by others:income potential;financial security;independence;need for achievement;and escape from corporate ing an expectancy (Vroom,1964)framework,we hypothesized that the desirability of self-employment (DSE)is related to the product of,first,importance of desired outcomes and second,the probability of attaining these outcomes through self-employment.In a similar vein,desirability of working for others is obtained by multiplying importance of desired outcomes by the probability of attaining theseFigure 2.Perceived net desirabilityof self-employment(NDSE)IJEBR 11,150。