数控维修专业英语复习资料

数控技术专业英语复习题数控技术专业英语复习题数控技术是现代制造业中的重要一环，而掌握数控技术专业英语则是数控技术人才必备的能力之一。

下面将给大家提供一些数控技术专业英语复习题，帮助大家巩固相关知识。

1. What does CNC stand for?A. Computer Numerical ControlB. Control Numerical ComputerC. Centralized Numerical ControlD. Computerized Numerical Control2. Which of the following is NOT a type of CNC machine?A. LatheB. Milling machineC. 3D printerD. Injection molding machine3. What is the purpose of a G-code in CNC programming?A. To control the speed of the machineB. To specify the tool path and operationsC. To calculate the material costD. To monitor the temperature of the machine4. What is the difference between absolute and incremental programming?A. Absolute programming uses G-codes, while incremental programming usesM-codes.B. Absolute programming specifies the position relative to the machine's origin, while incremental programming specifies the position relative to the previous position.C. Absolute programming is used for milling machines, while incremental programming is used for lathes.D. Absolute programming is faster than incremental programming.5. What is the function of a tool offset in CNC machining?A. To adjust the tool's cutting speedB. To compensate for the tool's wear and tearC. To control the machine's temperatureD. To measure the accuracy of the machine6. What is the purpose of a feed rate in CNC machining?A. To control the machine's temperatureB. To adjust the tool's cutting speedC. To specify the tool's diameterD. To measure the accuracy of the machine7. What does the term "rapid traverse" refer to in CNC machining?A. The maximum speed at which the machine can moveB. The rate at which the tool feeds into the workpieceC. The speed at which the spindle rotatesD. The accuracy of the machine's positioning8. Which of the following is NOT a common machining operation in CNC milling?A. DrillingB. TurningC. FacingD. Slotting9. What is the purpose of a coolant in CNC machining?A. To cool down the workpieceB. To lubricate the toolC. To remove chips from the workpieceD. To control the machine's temperature10. What is the function of a spindle in CNC machining?A. To hold the workpieceB. To hold the cutting toolC. To rotate the workpieceD. To measure the accuracy of the machine答案：1. A2. D3. B4. B5. B6. B7. A8. B9. B10. C这些复习题涵盖了数控技术的基本概念和术语，帮助大家回顾和巩固所学的知识。

UNIT 1-1一、TECHNICAL WORDSmachine n.＆v．机器，机械：机加工position n.＆v．位置，岗位；定位compressor n．压缩机programmer n．编程员、operator、n．操作员precision n．精常，精度autoloader n．白动装卸装置automobile n．汽车module n．模块，组件spindle n．主轴solid n．固体，实休property n．属性，特性blueprint n．蓝图workpiece a．工件，加工件bore v. 镗孔，钻孔mill v.＆n．铣；铣床；铣刀specification n．规格，要求之事feed n．＆v. 进给，切入job n．工作任务，作业，零件活modify v. 修改instruction n．指令；指导simulation n．模拟，仿真function n．＆v. 作用，功能；起作用，运行productivity n．生产率connectivity n．连通性，兼容性technology n．技术stock n．毛坯，余量；库存readout n．读数，显示值vibration n．振动compensate v. 补偿lubricate v. 润滑cool v. 冷却file v.＆n．锉削；存档；文件，档案entrant n．刚参加工作者，新手inclined a．倾向……的dowel n．销子二、PHRASESbeknown as 称为be referredto as 称为small batches or one．of-a．kind items 单件小批量account for(problems) 解决(问题)Driorto 在前，居先carry out(perform) 进行，完成three-dimensional 三维的cut away (remove) 切除machine tool 机床computerized numerical control (cNC) 计算机数控electrical discharge machine (EDM) 电火花加工机turning machine (1athe) 车床milling machine (mill) 铣床computer aided／automated design (CAD) 计算机辅助设计computer aided／automated manufacturing (CAM) 计算机辅助制造trial run 试运行floppydisk 软磁盘cutting tool 刀具cutting speed 切削速度finished part 成品件community college 社区学院technical college 技术学院，专科学校on-the-job training 在职培训三、Part A Tex tWhat computer—-control programmers and operators doComputer—control programmers and operators use computerized numerical control(CNC)machines to cut and shape precision products，such as autolnobile parts，machine parts．and compressors．CNC machines include machining tools such as lathes，multiaxis spindles．milling machines，and electrical discharge machines(EDM)，hut the functions formerly performed by human operators are performed by a computer-ontrol module．CNC Inachines cut away material from a solid block of etal，plastic，or glass—known as a workpiece—to from a finished part Computer。

3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉Balancing equipment 平衡设备Bayonet 卡口Bearing fittings 轴承配件Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机Bearings 轴承Belt drive 带传动Bending machines 弯曲机Blades 刀片Blades,saw 锯片Bolts,screws & nuts 螺栓,螺帽与螺丝Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Cable making tools 造线机Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,other 其他铸造Casting,steel 铸钢Chain drive 链传动Chain making tools 造链机Chamfer machines 倒角机Chucks 夹盘Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC刀杆CNC wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Conveying chains 输送链Coolers 冷却机Coupling 联轴器Crimping tools 卷边工具Cutters 刀具Cutting-off machines 切断机Diamond cutters 钻石刀具Dicing saws 晶圆切割机Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Dies-progressive 连续冲模Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drawing machines 拔丝机Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床工作台Drilling machines,high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines(EDM) 电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Finishing machines 修整机Fixture 夹具Forging dies 锻模Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软)板(片)材与自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting 激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil 激光钢板切割机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers,general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式与立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal 立式与卧式铣床Mold & die components 模具单元Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe & tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical 立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses,cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses,crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses,forging 锻压机Presses,hydraulic 液压冲床Presses,knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses,pneumatic 气动冲床Presses,servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies 压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables 转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches & buttons 开关与按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机Wrenches 扳手Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet栈板barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器fuse together熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME制造工程师MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝lbs. inch镑、英寸EMI gasket导电条front plate前板rear plate后板chassis 基座bezel panel面板power button电源按键reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑胶件SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表work cell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线left fork叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer、plein刨床miller铣床grinder磨床driller床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager、vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor、vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped 报废scrape 刮;削deficient purchase 来料不良 manufacture procedure 制程rotating speed, revolution 转速deficient manufacturing procedure 制程不良delivery deadline交货期oxidation 氧化scratch 刮伤dents 压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking 铆合不良embedded lump 镶块feeding is not in place 送料不到位stamping-missing 漏冲production capacity 生产力education and training 教育与训练proposal improvement 提案改善spare parts、buffer 备件forklift叉车trailer、long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate、plate pinch压板bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车forklift叉车pallet栈板glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指band-aid创可贴garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋chain链条jack升降机production line流水线chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器lamp holder灯架to mop the floor拖地to clean the floor扫地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机packaging打包missing part漏件wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷critical defect极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小) cosmetic defect外观不良slipped screwhead/slippery screw head螺丝滑头slipped screwhead/shippery screw thread滑手speckle斑点mildewed、moldy、mouldy发霉rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边poor staking铆合不良excesssive gap间隙过大grease/oil stains油污inclusion杂质painting peel off脏污 shrinking/shrinkage缩水 mixed color杂色scratch划伤 poor processing 制程不良poor incoming part事件不良fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱painting make-up补漆discoloration羿色water spots水渍polishing/surface processing表面处理exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露 garbage container灰箕cost成本engineering工程die repair模修enterprise plan、enterprise expansionprojects企划QC品管die worker模工production, to produce生产equipment设备 to start a press开机stop/switch off a press关机classification整理regulation整顿cleanness清扫conservation清洁culture教养qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品waste废料board看板feeder送料机sliding rack滑料架defective product box不良品箱die change 换模to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模to repair a die修模packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺plastic basket胶筐isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板 carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩character die字模to feed, feeding送料transportation运输(be)qualfied, up to grade合格not up to grade, not qualified不合格material change, stock change材料变更feature change 特性变更manufacture management制造管理abnormal handling异常处理production unit生产单位lack of painting烤漆不到位safety安全quality品质evaluation评估prepare for, make preparations for 准备parameters参数vaccum cleaner吸尘器rag 抹布lots of production生产批量steel plate钢板roll material卷料manufacture procedure制程operation procedure作业流程to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch、to throw、over switching over切换engineering, project difficulty 工程瓶颈stage die工程模automation自动化to stake, staking, reviting铆合add lubricating oil加润滑油shut die架模shut height of a die架模高度analog-mode device类模器die lifter举模器argon welding氩焊vocabulary for stampingiudustrial alcohol工业酒精alcohol container沾湿台head of screwdriver起子头sweeper扫把mop拖把pneumatic 气动的，空气的，pneumatic control 气动控制electromechanical 机电的governor 操纵杆，控制器electronic governor 电子调速器screw machine 车丝机relay 继电器timer定时器counter 计数器inherent固有的，本质的，inherent problem本质问题versatile通用，多用途的filter out过滤ladder diagram梯形图symbology符号体系contact dot接点，触点instantaneously瞬时地magnet-opened contact switch 电磁触点开关architecture构造，结构，组织implementation工具，仪器，实现thumbwheel switch指轮（微调）开关breadboard实验电路板Hardwired relay panel分立（硬连线）延时，控制面板relay module继电模块capability性能，耐受力category分类single throw单掷开关double throw switch双掷开关double-pole双极（刀开关）double-pole single throw双刀单掷开关selector switch选择开关push-button switch按钮开关proximity switch接近开关level switch （信号）液位开关thumbwheel拨轮debug调试be population for……application在……应用很广泛electromechanical control机电控制exce pt that ……除……之外be available可利用的wiring out布线图milling cutter铣刀profile轮廓，外形，断面machine tool机床perforated tape穿孔带mature成熟hard-wire硬线连接punched tape冲孔带magnetic tape磁带lathe车床turning machine车削中心punch冲床significant显著encoder编码器resolve分解，决定utilize利用magnetic磁的photoelectric光电的binary code二进制码execution cycle执行循环electronic pulse脉冲spindle主轴，转轴lead screw丝杠，螺杆turret转台，转塔刀架servomotor伺服电机machining center加工中心electric discharge machine (EDM) 电火花机床grinder磨床testing and inspection equipment测试和检测设备conventional machining常规加工recommendation for…… 关于……推荐值scrap rate废品率incorporate插（引，加，编）入quality assurance质量保证spot check点检，抽查set up安装set up method安装方法set up time按照时间assembly装配，组装件notation符号，符号表示法binary二进制accomplish完成，实现sensing传感graduate刻度backlash后座力adjacent毗连的radius半径，范围intersection交叉，交集slide刀架，滑板，滑移fluid servomotor液压伺服器open-loop开环close-loop闭环direct current (DC) 直流电alternative current （AC）交流电gear mechanism齿轮机构pneumatic motor气动马达（气泵）processed with继续（更新）discrepancy偏(误)差，不同speed discrepancy转速差transducer传感器，转换器magazine链式刀库，杂志magazine feed自动传输带（送料带）magazine tool刀库magazine attachment机床送料装置retrieve检索，查询retrieval data检索数据retrieval program检索程序。

2010学年度第一学期_________ 班《数控专业外语》课程期 末 考试试卷B 卷( )1 .Vertical mill machine ( )2.Right-hand Rule( )3.ATC automatic tool changer ()4.turning center( )5.wire EDM/ wire electrical discharge machine ( )6.axis framework ( )7.reference point ( )8.positioning mode ( )9.contouring control ( )lO.closed loop system ( )II.ball-nut lead screw\ballscrew ( )12.Point-to-Point control ( )13.manual programming ( )14.NC personnel ( )15.tooling system ( )16.end mill ( )I7.drilling machine ()18. tap1. 立式铳床2. 右手法则3. 白动换刀装置4. 车削屮心5.线切割电火花加工机床6. 坐标系7. 基准点&定位模式9.轮廓控制 10.闭环系统 11 •滚珠丝杠 12. 点位控制 13. 手工编程 14. 数控技术员 15. 刀具系统 16. 端铳刀 17. 钻床丝锥( )19.reamer 19.绞刀( )2O.taper shank 20.锥柄( )21.fixed cycle 21.固定循环( )22.variable type programming 22.变量编稈( )23.tool path 23.刀具路径( )C programming 24.数控编程( )25.holding mechanism 25.夹紧机构( )26.tool chaarm 26.换刀机械手( )27.boring tool 27.镣刀( )28.work piece 28.工件( )29.pallet 29.托盘( )3O.indexing head 30•分度头( )31 .rotary move me nt 31.旋转运动( )32.spindle 32.主轴( )33.feed rate 33.进给率( )34.AC servo 34.交流伺服系统( )35.machine table 35.工作台( )36.saddle 36.床鞍( )37.tolerance 37.公差( )38.repeatability 38.重复定位精度( )39.counterboring 39$忽孔( )4O.referenee plane 40參考平面( )41.tool length offset 刀具长度偏置( )42.zero preset 零点预置( )43.tool code刀具代码( )44.PRZ /Program Reference Zero 程序参考零点( )45.chuck 卡盘()46.tool radius compensation 刀具半径补偿( )47.tool nose radius compensation 刀尖圆弧半径补偿( )ling cutter 铳刀( )49.finish 精加T( )50.rough 粗加T( )51.CAD Computer-Aided Drafting 计算机辅助设计( )52.CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing 计算机辅助制造()53.NC code数控代码()54.post-process 示置处理( )55.3-D solid models 三维实体模型( )56.conversational program 会话式程序( )57.CIM Computer-integrated Manufacturing 计算机集成制造( )58.DNC Direct Numerical Control 计算机直接数控( )59.postproduction 后处理( )60.GT group technology 成组技术( )6l.JITjust-in-time 准时制造( )62.FMS Flexible Manufacturing System 柔性制造系统( )63.raw stock 毛坯件( )64.casting 铸件( )65.band-saw 带锯( )66.erosion 腐蚀( )67.distortion 变形( )68.reset 重置( )69.1ead-in 导入( )70. lead-out 导出()71 .draft 草图( )72. three-dimensional space 三维空问( )73.simultaneous five-axis machining 五轴联动加匸( )74. surface machining ill］面加匸( )75. three-axis machining with fourth-axis positioning 四轴定位三轴联动加丁句子翻译：（每小题5分，共30分）1、Because no mechanical cutting forces are involved, lasers cut parts with a minimum of distortion, they have been very effective in machining slots and drilling holes.由于没有机械切削力，所以激光加工的工件变形非常小，激光切割机对加工窄槽和钻孔非常有效。

（3）Do not attempt to run the machine until you are familiar with the proper operation procedures.（4）Before running the program, make sure that the workpiece is clamped properly.（5）When proving a program, follow these procedures:·Run the program using the machine lock function to check the program for errors in syntax and t ool path.syntax ['sintæks] n.语法，句法tool path 刀具路径·Use the dry run function to check the program.·Use a single -block execution to confirm each line in the program before executing it.execution [,eksi'kju:ʃən] n.实行，执行，履行，完成·While the tool is cutting, slow down the feed rate using the rapid override switch to prevent excessive cutting conditions.（6）Do not handle chips by hand and do not use chip hooks to break long curled chips. Choose different cutting conditions for better chip control. Stop the machine if you need to properly clean chips.curled [kə:ld] adj.卷曲的（7）If there is any doubt that the insert will break under the programmed cutting conditions, choose a thicker insert or reduce feed rate or depth of cut.（8）Keep tool overhang as short as possible, since it can be a source of vibration that can break the insert.（9）When supporting a large workpiece by the tailstock center, make sure that the center-hole is large enough to adequately support and hold the workpiece. 【当用尾座顶尖支撑大零件时，应确保中心孔足够大，足以支撑并夹住工件。

数控专业英语汇总数控专业是一个与机器打交道的专业，当然也少不了英语的学习，以下是的数控专业英语汇总，欢迎参考阅读!ROM n.只读存储器rotate v.旋转rotation n.旋转rotor n.转子rough adj.粗糙的RPM n.转/分RSTR（restart） v.重启动run v.运行sample n.样本，例如save v.存储save as 另存为scale n.尺度，标度scaling n.缩放比例schedule n.时间表，清单screen n.屏幕screw n.丝杠，螺杆search v.搜索second n.秒segment n.字段select v.选择selection n.选择self-diagnostic 自诊断sensor n.传感器sequence n.顺序sequence number 顺序号series n.系列，adj.串行的series spindle n.数字主轴servo n.伺服set v.设置setting n.设置shaft n.轴shape n.形状shift v.移位SIEMENSE （德国）西门子公司sign n.符号，标记signal n.信号skip v,n.跳步slave adj.附属的SLC n.小型逻辑控制器slide n.滑台，v.滑动slot n.槽slow adj.慢soft key n.软键盘software n.软件space n.空格，空间SPC n.增量式脉冲编码器speed n.速度spindle n.主轴SRAM n.静态随机存储器SRH（search） v.搜索start v.启动statement n.语句stator n.定子status n.状态step n.步stop v.停顿，n.挡铁store v.储存strobe n.选通stroke n.行程subprogram n.子程序sum n.总和surface n.外表SV（servo） n.伺服switch n.开关switch off v.关断switch on v.接通symbol n.符号，标记synchronous adj.同步的SYS（system） n.系统system n.系统tab n.制表键table n.表格tail n.尾座tandem adv.一前一后，串联tandem control n.纵排控制（加载预负荷的控制方式）tank n.箱体tap n,v.攻丝tape n.磁带，纸带tape reader n.纸带阅读机tapping n.攻丝teach in 示教technique n.技术，工艺temperature n.温度test v,n.测试thread n.螺纹time n.时间，次数tolerance n.公差tool n.刀具，工具tool pot n.刀杯torque n.扭矩tower n.刀架，转塔trace n.轨迹，踪迹track n.轨迹，踪迹tranducer n.传感器transfer v.传输，传送transformer n.变压器traverse v.移动trigger v.触发turn v转动，n转，回合turn off v.关断turn on v.接通turning n.转动，车削unclamp v.松开unit n.单位，装置unload n.卸载unlock v.解锁UPS n.不连续电源user n.用户value n.值variable n.变量，adj.可变的velocity n.速度velocity loop n.速度环verify v.效验version n.版本vertical a.垂直的voltage n.电压warning n.警告waveform n.波形wear n,v.磨损weight n.重量，权重wheel n.轮子，砂轮window n.窗口，视窗workpiece n.工件write v.写入wrong n.错误，adj.错的year n.年zero n.零，零位zone n.区域。

NUMERICAL CONTROLNumerical control(N／C)is a form of programmable automation in which the processing equipment is controlled by means of numbers，letters，and other symbols．The numbers，letters，and symbols are coded in an appropriate format to define a program of instructions for a particular workpart or job．When the job changes，the program of instructions is changed．The capability to change the program is what makes N／C suitable for low-and medium-volume production．It is much easier to write programs than to make major alterations of the processing equipment．There are two basic types of numerically controlled machine tools：point—to—point and continuous—path(also called contouring)．Point—to—point machines use unsynchronized motors，with the result that the position of the machining head Can be assured only upon completion of a movement，or while only one motor is running．Machines of this type are principally used for straight—line cuts or for drilling or boring．The N／C system consists of the following components：data input，the tape reader with the control unit，feedback devices，and the metal—cutting machine tool or other type of N／C equipment．Data input，also called“man—to—control link”，may be provided to the machine tool manually，or entirely by automatic means．Manual methods when used as the sole source of input data are restricted to a relatively small number of inputs．Examples of manually operated devices are keyboard dials，pushbuttons，switches，or thumbwheel selectors．These are located on a console near the machine．Dials ale analog devices usually connected to a syn-chro-type resolver or potentiometer．In most cases，pushbuttons，switches，and other similar types of selectors aye digital input devices．Manual input requires that the operator set the controls for each operation．It is a slow and tedious process and is seldom justified except in elementary machining applications or in special cases．In practically all cases，information is automatically supplied to the control unit and the machine tool by cards，punched tapes，or by magnetic tape．Eight—channel punched paper tape is the most commonly used form of data input for conventional N／C systems．The coded instructions on the tape consist of sections of punched holes called blocks．Each block represents a machine function，a machining operation，or a combination of the two．The entire N／C program on a tape is made up of an accumulation of these successive data blocks．Programs resulting in long tapes all wound on reels like motion-picture film．Programs on relatively short tapes may be continuously repeated by joining the two ends of the tape to form a loop．Once installed，the tape is used again and again without further handling．In this case，the operator simply loads and unloads the parts．Punched tapes ale prepared on type writers with special tape—punching attachments or in tape punching units connected directly to acomputer system．Tape production is rarely error-free．Errors may be initially caused by the part programmer，in card punching or compilation，or as a result of physical damage to the tape during handling，etc．Several trial runs are often necessary to remove all errors and produce an acceptable working tape．While the data on the tape is fed automatically，the actual programming steps ale donemanually．Before the coded tape may be prepared，the programmer，often working with a planner or a process engineer, must select the appropriate N／C machine tool，determine the kind of material to be machined，calculate the speeds and feeds，and decide upon the type of tooling needed. The dimensions on the part print are closely examined to determine a suitable zero reference point from which to start the program．A program manuscript is then written which gives coded numerical instructions describing the sequence of operations that the machine tool is required to follow to cut the part to the drawing specifications．The control unit receives and stores all coded data until a complete block of information has been accumulated．It then interprets the coded instruction and directs the machine tool through the required motions．The function of the control unit may be better understood by comparing it to the action of a dial telephone，where，as each digit is dialed，it is stored．When the entire number has been dialed，the equipment becomes activated and the call is completed．Silicon photo diodes，located in the tape reader head on the control unit，detect light as it passes through the holes in the moving tape．The light beams are converted to electrical energy，which is amplified to further strengthen the signal．The signals are then sent to registers in the control unit, where actuation signals are relayed to the machine tool drives．Some photoelectric devices are capable of reading at rates up to 1000 characters per second．High reading rates are necessary to maintain continuous machine—tool motion；otherwise dwell marks may be generated by the cutter on the part during contouring operations．The reading device must be capable of reading data blocks at a rate faster than the control system can process the data．A feedback device is a safeguard used on some N／C installations to constantly compensate for errors between the commanded position and the actual location of the moving slides of the machine tool．An N／C machine equipped with this kind of a direct feedback checking device has what is known as a closed-loop system．Positioning control is accomplished by a sensor which，during the actual operation，records the position of the slides and relays this information back to the control unit．Signals thus received ale compared to input signals on the tape，and any discrepancy between them is automatically rectified．In an alternative system，called an open—loop system，the machine is positioned solely by stepping motor drives in response to commands by a controllers．There are three basic types of NC motions, as follows:Point-to-point or Positional Control In point-to-point control the machine tool elements (tools, table, etc.) are moved to programmed locations and the machining operations performed after the motions are completed. The path or speed of movement between locations is unimportant; only the coordinates of the end points of the motions are accurately controlled. This type of control is suitable for drill presses and some boring machines, where drilling, tapping, or boring operations must be performed at various locations on the work piece. Straight-Line or Linear Control Straight-Line control systems are able to move the cutting tool parallel to one of the major axes ofthe machine tool at a controlled rate suitable for machining. It is normally only possible to move in one direction at a time, so angular cuts on the work piece are not possible, consequently, for milling machines, only rectangular configurations can be machined or for lathes only surfaces parallel or perpendicular to the spindle axis can be machined. This type of controlled motion is often referred to as linear control or a half-axis of control. Machines with this form of control are also capable of point-to-point control.Continuous Path or Contouring Control In continuous path control the motions of two or more of the machine axes are controlled simultaneously, so that the position and velocity of the can be tool are changed continuously. In this way curves and surfaces can be machined at a controlled feed rate. It is the function of the interpolator in the controller to determine the increments of the individual controlled axes of the machines necessary to produce the desired motion. This type of control is referred to as continuous control or a full axis of control.Some terminology concerning controlled motions for NC machines has been introduced. For example, some machines are referred to as four-or five-or even six-axis machines. For a vertical milling machine three axes of control are fairly obvious, these being the usual X, Y, Z coordinate directions. A fourth or fifth axis of control would imply some form of rotary table to index the work piece or possibly to provide angular motion of the work head. Thus, in NC terminology an axis of control is any controlled motion of the machine elements (spindles, tables, etc). A further complication is use of the term half-axis of control; for example, many milling machines are referred to as 2.5-axis machine. This means that continuous control is possible for two motions (axes) and only linear control is possible for the third axis. Applied to vertical milling machines, 2.5axis control means contouring in the X, Y plane and linear motion only in the Z direction. With these machines three-dimensional objects have to be machined with water lines around the surface at different heights. With an alternative terminology the same machine could be called a 2CL machine (C for continuous, L for linear control). Thus, a milling machine with continuous control in the X, Y, Z directions could be termed be a three-axis machine or a 3c machine, Similarly, lathes are usually two axis or 2C machines. The degree of work precision depends almost entirely upon the accuracy of the lead screw and the rigidity of the machine structure．With this system．there is no self-correcting action or feedback of information to the control unit．In the event of an unexpected malfunction，the control unit continues to put out pulses of electrical current．If，for example，the table on a N／C milling machine were suddenly to become overloaded，no response would be sent back to the controller．Because stepping motors are not sensitive to load variations，many N／C systems are designed to permit the motors to stall when the resisting torque exceeds the motor torque．Other systems are in use，however，which in spite of the possibility of damage to the machine structure or to the mechanical system，ale designed with special high—torque stepping motors．In this case，the motors have sufficient capacity to“overpower’’th e system in the event of almost any contingency．The original N／C used the closed—loop system．Of the two systems，closed and open loop，closed loop is more accurate and，as a consequence，is generally more expensive．Initially，open—loop systems were used almost entirely for light-duty applications because of inherent power limitations previously associated with conventional electric stepping motors．Recent advances in the development of electro hydraulic stepping motors have led to increasingly heaviermachine load applications．。

dry run mode keyprogram start keymachine lock keychip CW key: Discharge chips clockwisechip CCW key: Discharge chips counterclockwiseATC CW key: Tool storage turns clockwiseATC CCW key: Tool storage turns counterclockwisecutting fluid control key: Open or close the cuttingfluidshome start key: Press the key and select X，Y or Zaxis, the machine returns to the reference pointspindle CW key: Spindle rotates clockwisespindle stop key: Spindle stopspindle CCW key: Spindle rotates counterclockwisecycle start key: Make the program run automaticallyfeed hold keyemergency stop keypower on key: Power on the CNC machinepower off key: Power off the CNC machine2. An Example of Machining（1）Power on 开机 Now that you are familiar with the control panel and operation panel, you may power on the machine. 【熟悉了控制面板和操作面板后，就可以接通电源了】 （2）Return to the reference point 回参考点 Reference point which is fixed by the manufacturer is the farthest distance along the positive machine axes. The machine must be found its fixed machine reference point before it can be performed any operation. 【参考点由机床制造厂设定并且固定不变，它是机床坐标轴正向的极限点。