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美国留学名牌院校介绍一、美国哥伦比亚大学学校名称：美国哥伦比亚大学(纽约)ColumbiaUniverity(NewYork)所在位置：美国，NewYork学校设置类型：综合性大学创建时间：1754年学历：语言本科研究生网络课程学校性质：私立学生人数：24820人院校地址：1130AmterdamAvenue212HamiltonHall,MC2807NewYork,NY10027(212)854-2522哥伦比亚大学(ColumbiaUniverity)位于美国纽约市曼哈顿，于1754年根据英国国王乔治二世颁布的《国王宪章》而成立，属于私立的美国常春藤盟校，由三个本科生院和十三个研究生院构成。
哥伦比亚大学的校友和教授中一共有87人获得过诺贝尔奖，包括奥巴马总统在内的三位美国总统是该校的毕业生。
此外，学校的医学、法学、商学和新闻学院都名列前茅，其新闻学院颁发的普利策奖是美国新闻界的最高荣誉。
院系设置：哥伦比亚大学下属有20所院所，包括3所本科生学院：哥伦比亚学院、通识教育学院和工程与应用科学本科生院(3所本科生学院分别招生，一同授课。
师资、课程、毕业要求相同);14所研究生学院：新闻学院、国际公共事务学院、法学院、商学院、社会工作学院、建筑、计划与保持学院、艺术学院、文理学院、工程与应用科学学院、医学院、护理学院、牙科与口腔外科学院、公共卫生学院、进修学院;以及四所附属学院：巴纳德学院(女子本科生院)、哥伦比亚大学师范学院、美洲犹太教神学院和纽约协和神学院。
课程设置：学校开设了107个专业的学士学位课程，31个硕士研究生学位课程和27个博士研究生学位课程。
二、哈佛大学(剑桥)学校名称：哈佛大学(剑桥)(HarvardUniverity(Cambridge))所在位置：美国Cambridge,Boton市学校设置类型：综合性大学创建时间：1636年学历：预科本科研究生网络课程MBA学校性质：私立学生人数：20000人哈佛大学是美国最早的私立大学，是以培养研究生和从事科学研究为主的综合性大学，同时是常春藤盟校成员之一。
哈佛大学简介哈佛大学（Harvard university）是一所私立的高等学校。
建于1636年，比美国作为独立国家的建立几乎要早一个半世纪。
当年，移居美洲的英国清教徒，为其子孙后代的幸福，仿效当时故的模式，在马萨诸塞州的查尔斯河畔，建立了这所美国历史上的第一所高等学校，始称剑桥学院。
逐渐兴起的小镇，从此亦称剑桥，中文译音称坎布里奇。
1639年，学校更名为哈佛学院，目的是为了永久纪念学校创办人之一和办学经费的主要捐献者、伊曼纽尔学院文学硕士约翰·哈佛。
1780年，哈佛学院被马萨诸塞州议会破格升为哈佛大学，此名一直沿用至今，常被简称为哈佛。
哈佛大学是的八名成员之首。
哈佛大学校训哈佛早期的校训是“察验真理”(Veritas [1643])、“荣耀归于基督”(In Christ Gloriam [1650])，以及“为基督•为教会”(Christo et Ecclesiae [1692])。
哈佛早期印章展示三本翻开的书本，两本面向上，一本面向下，象征着理性(reason)与启示(revelation)之间的动力关系。
哈佛的一份最早期文献——1642年的学院法例--如此写道："让每一位学生都认真考虑以认识神并耶稣基督为永生之源(约17:3)，作为他人生与学习的主要目标，因而以基督作为一切正统知识和学习的惟一基础。
所有人既看见主赐下智慧，便当在隐密处认真借着祷告寻求他的智慧。
" 现在，在近几年里，哈佛大学的校训又有了新的进步，只有一个词语：真理。
就是说只要哈佛的学生掌握了新的真理，你就可以对你的校长和教授说：“你错了”。
哈佛大学机构设置现在，哈佛大学规模庞大、资产超群，常被人戏称为“哈佛帝国”。
全校共设有13所学院。
其中本科生院两所，即哈佛学院与拉德克利夫学院；研究生院11所，即文理学院、、肯尼迪管理学院、设计学院、教育学院、法学院、神学院、医学院、牙医学院、公共卫生学院及大学扩展部等。
美国教育体系详细介绍美国的教育制度整体上可分为四个阶段，那就是：(i)学前教育 (pre-school education);(ii)初等教育(elementary education);(iii)中等教育(secondary education);(iv)高等教育(higher education) 。
从学前教育、初等教育到中等教育，都是属于大学前(pre-college)的教育，包括保育学校 (nursery school)及幼儿园(kindergarden)、小学、初中 (junior high school)及高中(high school)。
美国各级各类教育在结构上相互衔接，上下沟通。
按照法律规定，美国公民不分男女、宗教信仰、民族、阶级，也不论居住地点和年龄，都有平等的受教育机会，一生都可以选修正式课程或参加非正式课程。
这是美国区别于其他欧洲国家教育制度的一个显著特点，称为单轨制。
一、学前教育美国学前教育机构种类繁多，不管公立还是私立，大致可以分为保育学校(招收3-5岁的儿童)与幼儿园(招收4-6岁儿童)两类。
学前教育的宗旨在于：辅助家庭;并且通过各种活动，帮助儿童在饮食起居方面养成良好的习惯，使儿童能够灵活自如地运用身体，发展体育技能，了解社会生活行为准则和道德观念;学会一些读写算的基本常识，具有一定的表达情意、观察、尝试、思考和概括的能力，为儿童进入小学做好身心准备。
二、初等教育美国把5岁以后幼儿学前教育纳入公立小学系统，孩子凡到5岁一律强迫入学，5岁可进小学的预科班，6岁上小学1年级。
美国初等教育的机构为公立和私立小学。
美国全国教育协会的“视导和课程编制学会”曾把小学教育宗旨概括为六条，具有广泛影响。
这六条是：(1)增进儿童的健康和发展儿童的体格。
(2)增进儿童的心理健康和发展儿童的人格。
(3)发展儿童对社会和科学世界的认识。
(4)发展儿童有效地参与民主社会的技能。
(5)发展儿童的民主生活价值观。
Unit 6 T ext BHigher Education in the United States 美国的高等教育1 In the United States,a student who has finished high school may want to continue in higher education．在美国，一名中学生高中毕业后，如果想继续接受高等教育，There are several ways to continue in higher education in the United States．他可以有以下几种选择方式：There are universities, colleges，community colleges，and technical or vocational schools．综合大学、四年制学院、社区学院、职业或技术学院。
Each of these kinds of higher education will be described below．对这几种高等教育方式，下文将分别加以介绍。
2 A university is much larger than a college．It is larger for two reason.综合大学比四年制学院规模大，表现在两个方面。
First，a university in the United States usually has several different colleges in it.首先，美国综合大学通常设有若干个学院。
Each college within a university has a special subject area．每个学院都有专门的学科领域。
There may be a college of liberal arts where humanities，social science ,natural science, and mathematics are taught．一般设有文学院，开设的课程有人文学科、社会科学、自然科学和数学等。
美国历史上第一所高等学府相关内容一.美国历史上第一所高等学府哈佛大学，简称“哈佛”，享誉世界的私立研究型大学，著名的常春藤盟校成员，坐落于美国马萨诸塞州波士顿都市区剑桥市。
二.办学实力截止至2019年，哈佛大学位于剑桥市的主校区下设10个学术单元以及1个高等研究院，其中本科生教育主体由哈佛学院承担，这11个学术单元分别为哈佛学院(Harvard College)文理研究生院(Graduate School of Arts and Sciences)哈佛继续教育学院(Harvard Extension School)哈佛设计学院(Harvard Design School)哈佛神学院(Harvard Divinity School)哈佛教育学院(Harvard Graduate School of Education)哈佛法学院(Harvard Law School)哈佛大学肯尼迪政治学院(Harvard Kennedy School)哈佛工程与应用科学院(Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences)拉德克利夫高等研究学院(Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study)哈佛文理博物馆(Harvard Art and Science Museums)此外，哈佛大学的Allston Campus以及Longwood Campus还设有以下4个学术单元，全校总共设有46个本科专业、134个研究生专业哈佛商学院(Harvard Business School)牙医学院(Harvard Dental School)哈佛医学院(Harvard Medical School)哈佛大学公共卫生学院(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)三.重大成果1922年，医学院于英格兰首次完成胰岛素注射。
A Comparative Study on Higher Education Between China and the United KingdomAs a university student, I always interested in the various higher educational systems among different countries. Since nowadays, more and more students in China choose to go to Britain for further education,I become eager to know more about the higher education between China and Britain. After doing some research, I found that there are some similarity as well as differences in these two country.The similarity in the higher education between the two counties lies in two points. Firstly, both countries pay great attention to the higher education which can be seen at the fact that a great number of universities has been established in the countries. According to the data given by the Ministry of Education,by the end of 2012,China had 2138 schools of higher learning. As for Britain, it had about 160 universities and more than 500 continue educational institutions which provided the universities classes by the end of 2008. Secondly, both countries had set better scholarship and loan system to give the students financial aid to help as well as encourage them to finish their study. Students eligible can apply to the school and the China Industrial and Commercial Bank for low-interest loan in China, while in Britain they can receive loans form funding organization like National Health Service.However, there reminds some differences. First of all, each country has their unique requirement for admission into university. In China, students who want to go to university need to take the College Entrance Examination which is strictly organized by the Ministry of Education and the university admission is chiefly on the basis of this result. But in Britain, students hope to attend university sit A-level exams and admittance to universities depends on A-level result,school reference as well as interview. Although many people like to compare the different selecting way between by China and Foreign countries and draw a conclusion of which one is better, in my opinion, both ways has their advantage and suits for their current educational phenomena. China and Britain have different educational background, and we should take their selection policy in perspective. More over, another difference shows at the setting of school years. It takes four years for a Chinese student to finish his undergraduate study and another three years to complete postgraduate curriculum. In Britain, however, the school year of university study is shorter. Students only study three years for undergraduate courses and one year for postgraduate courses. This difference is result from the arrangement of courses and research program in the two country. As far as I am concern, this may means that you will have more time to learn intensively and do deeply research on your career in a Chinese university, while you need to improve your ability to adapt to the intense of study and improve your efficiency when you are in a Britain university. Above all,because university is the transition through school and society,what cause people’s attention is the employment. There do exit a gap between the employment of Chinese students and British students. According to the blue paper released by Chinese Academy of Social Science in 2012, the total number of Chinese graduate is 6.082 million,while 570000 of them failed to get a job, which means the unemployment is over 9persent. It is much higher than in Britain last year,which is 6.1persent. However,I don’t agree to judge this two country’s higher educational quality basing the data. China is a still a developing country,its economy isn’t stong enough compared with Britain so the job opportunities provided by the society may not increase accordingly to the increasing number of its university students. I sure the unemployment will gradually decrease with the development of China’s economy.The higher education in China and the United Kingdom have similarity and at the same time remains differences.While searching the related information, I understand more about this two countries’s unique higher educational system and realize each’s advantage, which helps my ownuniversity study since I can learn form their good points.。
