�
�
�
�
/Chagas
� � � � �
Visceral leishmaniasis has a wide geographic distribution.
Leishmania donovani
1
� �
Leishmania amastigotes, bone marrow aspirate, Giemsa stain
Pathogenesis
clinical types
1.(carrier) 2.
3.
Laboratory
diagnosis)
�trophozoite
�cyst
�trophozoite
Epidemiology
� > � � �
Control
� � Treatment
(metronidazole)
The nuclei and axostyles are clearly visible.
life cycle
cyst-trophozoite-cyst
Infection stage: 4 nuclei cyst
Parasitic siteduodenum
Excrement stagecyst/ trophozoite
Medical Protozoa
� � �,,,, �40
(basic structures)
�(nucleus)(reprodution)
()
�(cytoplasm):/
(ingestion)(metabolism)
�(plasma membrane)
�
mode of
rep�rodution(asexual)