上海高考英语新题型Summary的解题技巧—教师版

上海高三英语summary技巧摘要：1.引言：概述上海高三英语summary的重要性2.主要技巧：梳理文章结构，提炼关键信息3.具体步骤：分析文章，划分段落，概括主旨4.实践建议：运用所学技巧，提高summary能力5.结论：总结全文，强调summary技巧在高三英语学习中的价值正文：随着高考的日益临近，高三英语学习中的summary能力显得尤为重要。

在上海的高三英语学习中，掌握summary技巧不仅能提高英语水平，还能锻炼逻辑思维能力。

以下是一些实用的summary技巧，供同学们参考。

首先，要梳理文章结构。

在阅读文章时，要注意文章的起始句、主题句和结论句。

这些句子往往包含了文章的核心信息，为我们概括全文提供了重要线索。

同时，还要关注文章中的过渡词和连接词，如however、in addition、on the other hand等。

这些词汇可以帮助我们更好地理解文章的逻辑关系，为概括文章主旨奠定基础。

其次，学会提炼关键信息。

在分析文章时，我们要学会筛选重要信息，忽略次要信息。

对于高三学生来说，这点尤为重要，因为高考英语阅读理解题往往要求我们在有限的时间内准确捕捉文章关键信息。

在提炼关键信息的基础上，我们可以开始划分段落，概括各段主旨。

接下来，我们来谈谈具体步骤。

首先，通读全文，了解文章大意。

在此基础上，逐段阅读，分析各段内容。

对于每一段，要找出主题句，概括段落主旨。

同时，注意段落之间的逻辑关系，这有助于我们在概括全文时保持清晰的思路。

完成段落概括后，我们可以开始撰写summary。

在撰写过程中，要尽量使用简洁明了的句子，准确表达文章主旨。

此外，还要注意文章的行文规范，如时态、语态等。

在此过程中，我们可以借助同义词替换、缩句等方法，提高summary的可读性。

最后，我们要通过实践来提高summary能力。

可以尝试阅读各类英语文章，如新闻、故事、科普等，并用所学技巧进行概括。

在练习过程中，要及时总结自己的优点和不足，不断调整和完善。

上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)Starting from 2017.the Shanghai English exam will undergo many adjustments。

one of which is the n of summary writing。

also known as "XXX 15 points and tests XXX of students in reading and writing.The given language in summary writing is generally een 200-250 words。

with diverse content including stories。

current events。

and science pXXX。

with a word count requirement of 50-60 words。

The answer should try to meet the requirements of "Key points of a summary".1.n of summary writingXXX。

in one's own words。

of the content of a passage。

article。

XXX.2.Key points of a summaryConciseness: XXX。

ns。

and unimportant n.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness: Include all the main and supporting points in a condensed manner。

using your own words.Accuracy: Give the same n and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence: A summary should be a paragraph with XXX to make it flow。

SummarR如何写（I）说明文的summarR我们以上海英语高二课本中的一篇文章为例TheProblemofPackaging第一段Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmorethan30percentofth etotal.TounderstandwhRthisistrue,thinkofthepackagingcommonlRusedforasimpleprod uct,suchastoothpaste.ThepackagingincludesnotonlRthetubeforthetoothpaste,butalsothe boRforthetube.ThisboRisputintoaplasticwrapper.Then,theboResaretransportedinacard boardcontainer.第二段MostpackagingmaterialendsupinalandfillafteritisthrownawaR.ThoughnecessarR,la ndfillstakeupvaluablespace,oftenstink,ndfi llsnotincluded,theproductionofpackagingmaterialitselfisamajorsourceofairandwaterpol lution.第三段PeoplearenowtrRingtosolvetheproblemscausedbRpackagingmaterials.In1991,Ger manRtooktheleadbRrequiringcompaniestorecRclethepackagingusedfortheirgoods.Tod othis,thecompaniessetuprecRclingbinsineverRneighborhood.Consumersnowseparateth eirrubbishintothreecategories—metal,plasticandpapercartons.TheRthenputitintotheapp ropriatebin.Therubbishsorted,itistransportedtoarecRclingcompanRforprocessing.第四段Theprogrammeworkedwellatfirst.However,theamountofrubbishhasbeguntoincrease again.OnereasonforthisisthatmanRconsumersnolongerreducewastebecausetheRthinkth eproblemissolved.ItseemsthattoproperlRdealwiththeproblemofrubbish,everRonemustr emainvigilantanddotheirpart.我们先来把每段的大意理一下：第一段的中心应该就是讲Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmorethan30percentofthetot al.后面的牙膏的情况只是举例说明咯。

Summary 解题思路Summary 综合考察学生获取文章主要信息的能力、归纳总结的能力、写作的能力。

解题思路：1、结合议论文的特点，找出文章的论点和论据。

这个直接在原文中划出即可。

（总结句、论点句等）2、缩字并列出论点和论据。

将文中划出的论点和论据利用句子成分分析进行缩字——写出关键句的关键成分，然后列出。

3、用符合文章逻辑的连接词把论点及分论点连接成一篇小短文。

根据原文中上下文的逻辑关系，添加或利用原文中的连接词。

把列出的内容串联起来，形成一篇小短文。

4、确保最后的Summary在55-60字内最好。

按照题目的要求，对已完成的小短文进行适当的增加和缩字。

最后让总字数保持在55-60字之间是最好的。

e.g.1、找出文章的论点和论据，并对论点句做句子成分分析In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. A mandatory (法定的) policy requiring companies to offer (their employees) the option (of working a four-day workweek) [for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay will benefit the individual companies, the economy [as a whole] as well as the employees (who decide to take the option).]The shortened workweek will increase company profits [because employees will feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they will make fewer costly errors in their work.] (Hiring more staff) to ensure (that the same amount of work will be accomplished will not result in additional payroll costs (工资成本) [because four-day employees will only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate].) In the end, companies will have (fewer overworked and error-prone (容易出错的) ) employees [for the same money], which will increase company profits.// For the economy as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is (that it will reduce unemployment rates). If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee can be hired at the 80 percent rate. //Finally, the option of a four day workweek will be better for individual employees. Employees (who can afford a lower salaryin exchange for more free time) can improve the quality of their lives [by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities].2、列出论点和论据的关键成分Please underline the writer’s viewpoint (V) and the supporting points (S1, S2…)V: a four-day workweek will benefit the individual companies, the economy as well as the employees. (__15___ words)S1: companies will have (fewer overworked and error-prone) employees [for the same money] (___12___ words)S2: it will reduce unemployment rates(___ 5___ words)S3: Employees can improve the quality of their lives(____8___ words)3、Summarize参考答案：The writer argues that a four-day workweek will benefit the individual companies, the whole economy and the employees. Because the shortened workweek will keep employees rested and alert, which will make companies have fewer inefficient employees. Companies can hire more employees for the same money, which will reduce the unemployment rates. Employees can have time to improve their life qualities.(60 words)。

阅读理解 summary题型
阅读理解summary题是一种常见的英语阅读理解题题型，通常要求学生阅读一篇文章，然后根据文章内容总结出一段摘要。

解题步骤如下：
1. 仔细阅读文章，了解文章的主旨和要点。

2. 提取文章中的重要信息，如关键事件、人物、时间、地点等。

3. 根据提取的信息，组织语言编写摘要。

在编写摘要时，要注意简洁明了，不要过多地添加自己的观点或细节，只需概括文章中的重要信息。

4. 检查摘要是否准确反映了文章的内容。

如果有必要，可以对摘要进行修改或调整。

解题技巧：
1. 注意文章的结构和逻辑关系，把握文章的主线。

2. 关注文章中的转折词和总结性语句，这些通常可以提供关键信息。

3. 在编写摘要时，尽量使用原文中的词汇和表达方式，以确保准确性。

4. 如果遇到难以理解的句子或段落，不要过分纠结，可以先跳过，继续阅读下文，以免影响整体理解。

通过以上步骤和技巧，可以更好地完成阅读理解summary题，提高阅读理解和语言表达能力。

高考summary专题答题技巧详解【知识梳理】一. 定义概要写作是对原文的高度浓缩，是阅读者在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下用简洁、精炼的语言表述一篇文章的主要内容、基本观点或事实。

它主要包括阅读和写作两个过程二. 要点简洁全面准确连贯客观三．写作的技巧1) 删除细节。

只保留主要观点。

2) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。

如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。

3) 避免重复。

在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。

但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。

应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

4) 压缩长的句子。

如下列两例：“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.”5) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。

请看下面的例子：“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”可以概括为：”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”6) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如：“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.”可以概括为：”She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”7）巧妙使用连接词。

Summary如何写（I）说明文的summary我们以上海英语高二课本中的一篇文章为例The Problem of Packaging第一段A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 percent of the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple product, such as toothpaste. The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste, but also the box for the tube. This box is put into a plastic wrapper. Then, the boxes are transported in a cardboard container.第二段Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.第三段People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighborhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories—metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to are cycling company for processing.第四段The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain vigilant and do their part.我们先来把每段的大意理一下：第一段的中心应该就是讲 A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 percent of the total. 后面的牙膏的情况只是举例说明咯。

上海高考英语summary的要求在上海高考英语中，summary（概括大意）是一项重要的考核内容。

在这一部分，考生需要根据所给的一篇英语短文，用自己的语言，以全文的1/4为限，对全文的主要内容进行概括。

这项能力旨在考察考生的阅读理解、语言表达和文字概括能力。

在进行summary时，考生首先要理解文章的大意和要点，然后用简洁、清晰的语言对其进行概括，同时遵循题目所给定的句子结构和单词数量要求。

考生还需注意语法和拼写的正确性。

在summary中，不同类型的文章可能会有不同的要求。

一般来说，新闻报道、科普文章和社论等不同类型的文章，对于概括的内容和表达方式都有所不同。

新闻报道要求考生对事件的时间、地点、原因和结果进行简洁准确的概括；科普文章要求考生对科学知识或技术原理进行简明的阐述；社论则要求考生对作者的观点和论据进行简要的总结。

在应对summary时，考生需要通过多读多练，积累丰富的词汇和句型，提高自己的语言组织能力。

平时的阅读量也是非常重要的。

只有通过大量的阅读练习，才能对不同类型的文章有更深入的理解，从而更好地进行summary。

对于上海高考英语summary来说，我个人认为这并不仅仅是一种考试技巧，更是一种实用的能力。

在日常生活和工作中，我们经常需要阅读各种文字材料，进行信息概括和传达。

通过学习和掌握summary 的技巧，不仅可以在考试中获得好成绩，更可以提高自己的语言表达和文字概括能力，为将来的学习和工作打下良好的基础。

上海高考英语summary的要求是全面的，不仅考察了考生的英语语言能力，更考察了考生的思维逻辑和文字表达能力。

通过认真学习和练习，相信每位考生都可以在这一部分取得令人满意的成绩。

上海高考英语summary要求的背后，是对考生阅读理解和语言表达能力的全面考察。

在这方面，学生们除了要掌握丰富的词汇和句型，还需要具备良好的阅读习惯和逻辑思维能力。

阅读量是非常重要的。

只有通过大量的阅读练习，学生才能对不同类型的文章有更深入的理解。

缩写技巧缩写要做到两点：-•是缩短篇幅；二是要作适当的改写。

①摘录法。

抓住原文的中心和要点，以摘录原文重要语句为主，适当增加衔接语言，连缀成文。

②删除法。

删除细节、举例、描述、解释和重复的部分。

③概括法。

采用归纳总结的方法把原文中有关说明性、交代性的相关段落连缀成简明扼要的几句话甚至是一句话。

写作指导：缩写的具体操作方法就五个字：删、留、缩、合、改。

“删”：即删掉一些与中心无关或关系不大的内容。

“留”：即原文中的主要内容，重要情节或关键词句留下。

“缩指原文中不必要的修饰词，限制词删掉，把句子缩短。

“合"：即把原文中有关的语段进行合并。

“改”：把原文中不是重要内容的地方用概括的语言写出来，并进行适当的转换。

不同体裁短文的处理记叙文讪叙文的概要，一般包括讪叙文的六个要素(who, when, where, what, how, why),找出这六个要素，然后用自己的话将这六个要素串联起来。

Yesterday Matt was sick. I picked up Archie from the sitter and Eloise from school and decided to nin to Target for a few things. I had hoped to be in and out quickly.I found a line with just one person ahead of me and began organizing my items on the conveyor. After placing my items, I looked up to see that the person ahead of me was an elderly woman. She was paying for her items with change and wanted (o purchase each separately. I was frustrated with this woman and the inconvenience she had placed on me.But then I watched the young employee with this woman. I watched him help her count her change, ever so softly taking it from her shaking hands. When she asked if she had enough to buy a reusable bag, he told her she did and went two lines over to get one for her and then repackaged her items. Never once was this employee angry. He was nothing but patient and kind.As I was watching him, I saw that Eloise was loo. She was standing next (o the woman, watching the employee count the change. I realized I hadn't been inconvenienced at all. That my daughter was instead witnessing kindness and patience and being taught (his valuable lesson by a complete stranger.When the woman was finished, the employee began ringing up my items and thanked me for my patience. I then thanked him for teaching us patience and kindness by his treatment of that elderly woman. When he was finished I pushed my cart through the store trying to find the manager. I wanted her to know of (he employee's kindness and patience and how much i( meant to me. After (racking her down and sharing (he story with her, we left Target with a cart full of consumable items, but what is more, a heart full of gratitude for such an invaluable lesson.If you are ever in the Glendale Target, give Ishmael a smile and a nod.The world could use morepeople like him.Summary【写作指导】要写好记叙文的概要，先要找到以下两个问题的答案：（1）谁做了什么？（2）结果如何？如果是夹叙夹议文，还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育意义。

新高考英语作文新题型(summary writing) 2019级高一英语学案新高考英语作文新题型——概要写作一、概要写作题型特点概要写作（summary）是指用简洁、精练的语言，对原文的主旨大意进行高度浓缩的一种写作形式。

这一题型考查学生通过阅读获取文章主旨大意和关键词的能力，同时也考查学生的写作能力，即用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。

因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。

从《考试说明》上对概要写作的评分原则以及各档次的给分范围和要求的规定中，我们可以发现概要写作有以下特点：1.客观性：概要写作是一种客观的复述，要全面、忠实地再现作者的思想，不能漏掉任何要点，也不能随意增加内容。

考生应通过释义的方式，用自己的语言呈现原文主要内容，不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法或做出任何评判。

2.简洁性：概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇，通过删除原文中的细节、减少例证、简化描述内容以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性，但是简洁的同时还要做到意义的完整。

3.连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是要点的罗列。

写概要时，必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。

写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。

二、评分原则考试说明》中关于概要的评分原则中第一条：本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分；评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。

其中最高档次第五档（21-25分）的给分描述如下：理解准确，涵盖全部要点；能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑；完全使用自己的语言。

三、解题思路概要写作需要考生先通读全文，理解文章的主旨大意和关键词，然后根据文章的结构和逻辑关系，用自己的语言对主要内容进行浓缩，写出一篇语义连贯的短文。