浙江师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题

浙江师范大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题（A卷）科目代码: 651 科目名称: 综合英语（含英汉互译）适用专业: 050201英语语言文学、050211外国语言学及应用语言学提示：1、请将所有答案写于答题纸上，写在试题上的不给分；2、请填写准考证号后6位：____________。

Part One Vocabulary (45%, 1.5 points each)Directions:In this part you must complete the following sentences by choosing one suitable word or phrase from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. She felt ashamed that she had made such a mess. But this time she set ____ work ___ a will.A. to, withB. to, atC. out, withD. aside, in2. ______ in the pouring rain, he fell ill and had to stay in bed.A. Being caughtB. CaughtC. Having been caughtD. Having caught3. I don’t pretend to know very much about physics. So I won’t go ______ the scientifictheory.A. intoB. toC. forD. in4. As soon as she got home, she set ______ preparing dinner.A. toB. aboutC. forthD. out5. Do you feel like ______ to a film or would you rather ______ at home.A. to go, to stayB. going, stayC. to go, stayingD. going, to stay6. By the time this article goes to press, I ______ my master’s degree in hand.A. would haveB. would have hadC. will haveD. should have7. The salesman wanted to get ______ of the profit than he has been offered.A. 10 percent moreB. 10 more percentC. more than 10 percentD. as much as 10 percent8. In theory there are no limits ______ what young people can achieve in this country.A. inB. atC. forD. to9. Courage means moving forward ______ you are afraid that you might not accomplish whatyou want.A. even ifB. whileC. even thoughD. as10. When she saw how frightened he was at his mistake, her anger began to ______.A. fade awayB. fall downC. die outD. die down11. We have had enough of those ______ promises. This time they will have to deliver.A. hollowB. emptyC. vacantD. bare12. ______ we will be ______ compete with the world’s strongest football team in a few years’time.第 1 页，共9 页。

目　录2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1．These small firms _____ not long ago in order to meet the increasing demands for more electrical appliances.A. clusteredB. assembledC. linkedD. amalgamated【答案】D【解析】句意：为了应对电子设备需求的增长，这些小公司前不久实现了合并。

选项中四个单词均有“聚集、合拢”的意思，但侧重点不同。

（机构、公司）amalgamate合并。

cluster（人）聚集。

assemble集合；组装。

link联系。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

2．My aunt has decided to spend her _____ years in the suburbs of Shanghai.A. diminishingB. decliningC. reducingD. dwindling【答案】B【解析】句意：我的阿姨决定在上海的郊区安度她的晚年。

本题考查惯用搭配。

选项中四个单词均有“下降、减少”的意思，但只有declining years为惯用搭配，意为“晚年”。

目　录2011年浙江师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年浙江师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2013年浙江师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年浙江师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each) 1．Babel【答案】巴别塔2．intralingual translation【答案】语际翻译3．equivalence【答案】对等4．patronage【答案】赞助人5．polysystem【答案】多元系统6．simultaneous interpreting【答案】同声传译7．untranslatability【答案】不可译性8．domesticating strategy【答案】归化策略9．translation norms【答案】翻译规范10．Lawrence Venuti【答案】劳伦斯·韦努蒂11．pseudotranslation【答案】伪译12．SL texts【答案】原文本13．prescriptive approach【答案】规定性方法14．skopos theory【答案】目的论15．deconstruction【答案】解构II. Translate the following terms into English. (15 points, 1 point each) 1．可接受性【答案】acceptability2．改编【答案】adaption3．回译【答案】back-translation4．计算机辅助翻译【答案】CAT(Computer Aided Translation)5．异化【答案】foreignization6．语义翻译【答案】semantic translation7．社群传译【答案】community interpreting8．文化转向【答案】cultural turn9．国际译联【答案】FIT(International Federation of Translators) 10．功能对等【答案】functional equivalence11．不确定性【答案】uncertainty12．联络传译【答案】contact interpretation13．操纵学派【答案】Manipulation School14．显性翻译【答案】explicit translation15．平行语料库【答案】parallel corpusIII. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (60 points)The Big Bull Market was dead. Billions of dollars’ worth of profits and paper profits had disappeared. The grocer, the window-cleaner and the seamstress had lost their capital. In every town there were families which had suddenly dropped from showy affluence into debt. Investors who had dreamed of retiring to live on their fortunes now found themselves back once more at the very beginning of the long road to riches. Day by day the newspapers printed the grim report of suicides.Coolidge-Hoover Prosperity was not yet dead, but it was dying. Under the impact of shock of panic, a multitude of ills which hitherto had passed unnoticed or had been offset by stock-market optimism began to beset the body economic, as poisons seep through the human system when a vital organ has ceased to function normally. Although the liquidation of nearly 3 billion dollars of brokers’ loans contracted credit, and Reserve Banks lowered the rediscount rate, and the way in which the larger banks and corporations of the country had survived the emergency without a single failure of large proportions offered real encouragement, nevertheless the poisons were there: over production of capital; over-ambitious expansion of business concerns; overproduction of commodities under the stimulus of installment buying and buying with stock-market profits; the maintenance of an artificial price level for many commodities; the depressed condition of European trade. No matter how many soothsayers of high finance proclaimed that all was well, no matter how earnestly the president set to work to repair the damage with soft words and White House conferences, a major depression was inevitably under way.【参考译文】大牛市崩盘了。

2020浙江杭州师范大学翻译硕士英语考研真题I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)SectionAMultiple choice (20’)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Creativity should not be as an exceptional talent; it is a basic skill that can be mastered with the right teaching.A. replacedB. perceivedC. cultivatedD. probed2. These guests were to the host for his gracious and impressive hospitality.A. contemptuousB. resentfulC. obligedD. mighty3. Whatever we attempt to do, we mustn’t our main objective.A. attainB. rejectC. lose sight ofD. prosecute4. With the passage of time, some words are beginning to a new sense.A. go aboutB. take onC. draw uponD. turn out5. Tourism, particularly ecotourism, helps promote of wildlife and natural resources.A. conservationB. distinctionC. extinctionD. aspiration6. Despite the changes in this country, many tough issues remain unsolved.A. radicalB. reversibleC. rigorousD. insensible7. Life is stressful, so it is always difficult to work, school and family.A. encounterB. eliminateC. illuminateD. prioritize8. People who diabetes have to minimize their daily consumption of sugar.A. make up forB. crack down onC. take fancy toD. are stricken with9. The city was paralyzed by the transit strike for better wages.A. subjectivelyB. imaginablyC. virtuallyD. positively10. The changes brought about by digital technologies have impacted the whole world.A. novelB. adverseC. profoundD. prospective11. The camps are not usual tent-type camps. They are mostly long-established,structures, often with strange Islamic names.A. historicalB. monotonousC. permanentD.raw12. Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.A. massiveB. quantitativeC. surplusD. formidable13. The manufacturing in China is expected to continue to expand in 2019 despite the slight decline of an index.A. versionB. sectorC. questD.factor14. Researchers say that cigarettes is necessary to dramatically reduce the chance of cardiovascular problems.A. carrying outB. breaking outC. cutting outD. putting out15. Econo mic recessions will weaken one’s confidence in the government and threaten social.A. cohesionB. erosionC. illusionD. evasion16. The Mexican settlers built cities and missions in what become California.A. used toB. would ratherC. was toD. had better17. Each of us is working hard to get happiness which brings substantial benefitsfor society .A. by mere chanceB. at great lengthC. all at onceD. as a whole18. Although the colonists ______ to some extent with the native Americans, the Indians’ influence on American culture and language was not extensive.A. migratedB. matchedC. mingledD. melted19. Most readers believe that this book is, thoughtful and informative.A. intriguingB. ambiguousC. compulsiveD. imperative20. Some of the recent actions of the government are their statement of policy.A. in the interest ofB. in conformity withC. in proportion toD. in the event ofSectionB Proofreading and error c orrection (10’)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error.In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correctit in the following way:For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the lineFor a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a “Λ” sign andwrite the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of theline.For an unnecessary word cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhenΛart museum wants a new exhibit,(1) anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitMany people are disturbed by the genetic diversify of (1) cancers--- an inevitable result of random evolution. (2) Cancer therapies used to be applied fairly random or (3) Carelessly, but nowadays many believe that effectivetherapies need to be specific and tailoring to genetic (4) faults in each individual’s cancer. Therefore, a personalized(5)treatment disregards the most fundamental reason (6)it is difficult to cure cancers once for all: cancer cellsadapt and evolve with response to treatment. Even drugs (7) that are initially effective often have a progressive (8) diminishing effect, as the biological systems blockedof the treatment spontaneously compensateof rerouting (9)the cancer cell’s internal wiring, in restoring the cancer’s (10)ability to spread. To use an analogy, in the absence ofshort cuts, evolution takes over: naturally arising mutantcancer cells that are resistant to the targeted drug rapidlyoutgrow their disabled siblings and cancer comes back.II. Reading comprehension(40’)Section A Multiple choice (20’)Directions: In this section there are two passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet. Passage AThe language of rights now dominates political debate in the United States. Does the Government respect the moral and political rights of its citizens? Or does the Government’s war policy, or its race policy, fly in the face of these rights? Do the minorities whose rights have been violated have the right to violate the law in return? Or does the silent majority itself have rights, including the right that those who break the law be published? It is not surprising that these questions are now prominent. The concept of rights, and particularly the concept of rights against the Government, has its most natural use when a political society is divided, and appeals to co-operation or a common goal are pointless.The debate does not include the issue of whether citizens have some moral rights against their Government. It seems accepted on all sides that they do. Conventional lawyers and politicians take it as a point of pride that our legal system recognizes, for example, individual rights of free speech, equality, and due process. They base their claim that our law deserves respect, at least in part, on that fact, for they would not claim that totalitarian system deserve the same loyalty.Some philosophers, of cause, reject the idea that citizens have rights apart from what the law happens to give them. Bentham thought that the idea of moral rights was “nonsense on stilts”. But that view has never been part of our orthodox political theory, and politicians of both parties appeal to the rights of the people to justify a great part of what they want to do. I shall not be concerned, in this essay, to defend the thesis that citizens have moral rights against their governments;I want instead to explore the implications of that thesis for those, including the present United States Government, who profess to accept it.It is much in dispute, of cause, what particular rights citizens have. Does the acknowledged right to free speech, for example, include the right to participate in nuisance demonstrations? In practice, the Government will have the last word on what an individual’s rights are, because its police will do what the officials and courts say. But that does not mean that the Government’s view is necessarily the correct view, anyone who thinks it does must believe that men and women have such moral rights as Government chooses to grant, which means they have no moral rights at all.All this is sometimes obscured in the United States by the constitutional system. The American Constitution provides a set of individual legal rights in the FirstAmendment, and in due process, equal protection, and similar clauses. Under present legal practice the Supreme Court has the power to declare an act of Congress or of a state legislature void if the Court finds that the act offends these provisions. This practice has had some commentators to suppose that individual moral rights are fully protected by this system, but that is hardly so, nor could it be so.1. In the United States nowadays__________.A. politicians are discussing about the right language.B. politicians are debating about what is right and what is wrong.C. language is the most important theme in the political debate.D. we can hear lots of talks about rights.2. It is onl y natural that questions about citizens’ rights are now prominent because__________A. the minorities are violating the law.B. the political society in the USA is divided.C. the silent majority wants to punish those who have violated the law.D. people are looking for a common goal.3. Which of the following statements is not true?A. It is generally agreed that citizens should have some moral rights.B. It is a moral right of the citizens to respect the legal system.C. Citizens’ moral rights include fr ee speech, equality and due process.D. The legal system deserves respect because it recognizes citizens’ moral rights.4. In this essay the author will not be concerned to defend the thesis that citizens have moral rights against their government because__________A. this thesis has never bee put into question in the mainstream political theory.B. he shares the view of those philosophers who think that citizens only have the rights that the law gives them.C. this thesis has appeal to politicians of both parties.D. the United States government professes to accept this thesis.5. The author believes that__________A. the United States Constitution protects citizens’ moral rights but the government does not.B. the Supreme Court has the power to protect c itizens’ moral rights but it does not do that.C. Citizens’ moral rights could not be fully protected by the present legal practice.D. the United States Constitution does not have provisions that fully protect citizens’ moral rights.Passage BWhat do yo u do when everyone hates you? That is the problem faced by America’s pharmaceutical industry. Despite its successes in treating disease and extending longevity, soaring health-care costs and bumper profits mean that big drug firms are widely viewed as exploitative, and regarded almost as unfavorably as tobaccoand oil firms (see chart). Last week, at a conference organized by The Economist in Philadelphia, the drug industry was offered some advice from an unlikely source: a tobacco firm. Steven Parrish of Altria, the conglomerate that includes Philip Morris, gave his perspective on how an industry can improve its tarnished public image.Comparing the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem absurd, or even offensive.“Their products kill people. Our products save people's lives,” says Alan Holmer, the head of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, an industry association. Yet the drug giants currently face an unprecedented onslaught of class-action lawsuits and public scrutiny; industry bosses are being grilled by lawmakers asking who knew what and when. It is all reminiscent of what happened to the tobacco industry in 1994.Mr. Parrish advised drug firms to abandon their bunker mentality and engage with their critics. Rather than arguing about the past, he said, it is better to move on, and give people something new to think about. (Philip Morris now acknowledges, for example, that cigarettes are addictive and deadly, and is trying to develop less harmful products.) Not everyone is open to persuasion, so focus on those who are, he said. But changing opinions takes time and demands deeds as well as words: “This is not about spin, this is about change.”The pharmaceutical industry is pursuing a range of initiatives to mollify its critics, Mr. Holmer noted in his own speech. But Mr. Parrish suggested that speaking with one voice through a trade association might be counter-productive, since it can give the impression that the industry is a monolithic cartel. And too much advertising, he said, can actually antagonize people further.The audience was generally receptive, claims Mr. Parrish. This is not the first time he has offered his thoughts on dealing with implacable critics. At a conference at the University of Michigan last year, he o ffered America’s State Department advice on improving America’s image in the Middle East. So does his prescription work? There has been a positive shift in attitudes towards tobacco firms, if only a small one. But at least, for once, a tobacco firm is peddling a cure, rather than a disease.1. Why is America’s pharmaceutical industry so unpopular?A. Because it, like tobacco and oil firms, does harm to people‘s health and environment.B. Because it fails to cure disease and make people live longer.C. Because the prices of its products are too high and its profit margin is too wide.D. Because it exploits its employees.2. Alan Holmer is quoted to illustrate that __________A. the comparison between tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem ridiculous, or even insulting.B. the pharmaceutical industries agree that they are similar to tobacco industry.C. tobacco products do more harm to people than pharmaceutical products.D. pharmaceutical industries are currently facing lots of problems.3. According to the text, Mr. Parrish gives the following suggestions to drug firms except__________A. To acknowledge the problems and try to do something to improve their images.B. Not to react to the public in one voice through the drug association.C. Not to care about the past.D. To try to spend time and energy to persuade the majority of the audience who are open to persuasion.4. The word “mollify” (Line 1, Paragraph 4) might mean?A. placateB. enrageC. fightD. relieve5. What does the author imply by sayi ng “This is not the first time he has offered histhoughts on dealing with implacable critics.”?A. Mr. Parrish has offered his advice to other on dealing with tough critics for several times.B. Mr. Parrish has dealt successfully with other critics himself.C. Mr. Parrish has given sound advice to drug firms.D. Mr. Parrish has been of help to others on critical moments.Section B Answering questions(20’)Directions: Read the following two passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answers on the answer sheet.Questions 1-3New tools offer new opportunities, but what are the risks and who benefits?Human intervention for the improvement of crops, trees, livestock and fish is nothing new. For millennia, humans have bred, crossed and selected those varieties, ecotypes and breeds that were more productive, better adapted or particularly useful.Conventional breeding practices can now be complemented by a number of new and powerful techniques. Some of these allow, for example, the propagation of plant material in glass tubes to keep it free of diseases, and the production of more sensitive and specific reagents for diagnosing diseases in plants, livestock and fish through tissue and cell culture. Others, often referred to as molecular methods, enable scientists to see the layout of the entire genome of any organism and to select plants and animals with preferred characteristics by “reading” at th e molecular level, saving precious time and resources.Modern biotechnology also includes an array of tools for introducing or deleting a particular gene or genes to produce plants, animals and micro-organisms with novel traits. This kind of genetic manip ulation is called “genetic engineering” and the product is a genetically modified organism, or GMO. Both traditional and modern biotechnologies result in plants, animals and micro-organisms with combinations ofgenes that would not have come about without human intervention. It has to be emphasized, however, that biotechnology includes a range of techniques and products, and GMOs are but one of them.“With the increasingly limited amount of new land available to agriculture, modern biotechnologies could complement and improve the efficiency of traditional selection and breeding techniques to enhance agricultural productivity,” says Mahmoud Solh, Director of FAO’s Division of Plant Production and Protection.A plant or an animal resistant to a particular disease can be produced through a “traditional” breeding programme, that is, through crosses with resistant relative, selection and backcrossing again, or by the introduction of a gene that confers the resistance through genetic engineering. While the products of both approaches will be disease resistant, only the second one is a GMO. What is new is the ability of scientists to unravel the genome to look at the genes of an organism, and then make use of that information to change the organism, and even transfer genes to another organism very distant in the evolutionary scale. And that is where the controversy comes in.“FAO recognizes that genetic engineering has the potential to help increase production and productivity in agriculture, forestry and fisheries,” says FAO’s Statement on Biotechnology. “It could lead to higher yields on marginal lands in countries that today cannot grow enough food to feed their people.” But, it adds, FAO “is also aware of the concern about the potential risks posed by certain as pects of biotechnology. These risks fall into two basic categories: the effects on human and animal health and the environmental consequences.”These new tools offer new opportunities for solving problems where traditional techniques have failed. Genetically modified products are usually developed and used for large-scale commercial interests, and with a few exceptions, small-scale farmers have so far not benefited from the technology.The articles in this focus are intended to provide background information on genetic engineering in agriculture for the non-specialist--what it is, how it is being used, how it might be used in the future and possible benefits and risks. If you are new to the subject, you might find it easiest to read the pages in the order shown in the column on the right. Those who would like to pursue the subject further may wish to visit.1. According to the passage, what is called “genetic engineering”?2. What are the potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering in agriculture?3. Why are small-scale farmers unlikely to benefit from biotechnology?Questions 4-5According to the latest figures, the majority of the world’s population is now bilingual or multilingual, having grown up speaking two or more languages. In the past, such children were considered to be at a disadvantage compared with their monolingual peers. Over the past few decades, however, technological advances have allowed researchers to look more deeply at how bilingualism interacts with and changes the cognitive and neurological systems, thereby identifying several clearbenefits of being bilingual.Research shows that when a bilingual person uses one language, the other is active at the same time. When we hear a word, we don’t hear the entire word all at once: the sounds arrive in sequential order. Long before the word is finished, the brain’s language system begins to guess what that word might be. If you hear ‘can’, you will likely activate words like ‘candy’ and ‘candle’ as well, at least during the earlier stages of word recognition. For bilingual people, this activation is not limited to a single language; auditory input activates corresponding words regardless of the language to which they belong. Some of the most compelling evidence for this phenomenon, call ed ‘language co-activation’, comes from studying eye movements. A Russian-English bilingual asked to ‘pick up a marker’ from a set of objects would look more at a stamp than someone who doesn’t Know Russian, because the Russian word for ‘stamp’, marka, sou nds like the English word he or she heard, ‘marker’. In cases like this, language co-activation occurs because what the listener hears could map onto words in either language.Having to deal with this persistent linguistic competition can result in difficulties, however. For instance, knowing more than one language can cause speakers to name picture more slowly, and can increase ‘tip-of-the-tongue states’, when you can almost, but not quite, bring a word to mind. As a result, the constant juggling of two language creates a need to control how much a person accesses a language at any given time. For this reason, bilingual people often perform better on tasks that require conflict management. In classic Stroop Task, people see a word and are asked to name the colour of the word’s font. When the colour and the word match (i.e., the word ‘red’ printed in red), people correctly name the colour more quickly than when the colour and the word don’t match (i.e., the word ‘red’ printed in blue). This occurs because th e word itself (‘red’) and its font colour (blue) conflict. Bilingual people often excel at tasks such as this, which tap into the ability to ignore competing perceptual information and focus on the relevant aspects of the input. Bilinguals are also better at switching between two tasks; for example, when bilinguals have to switch from categorizing objects by colour (red or green) to categorizing them by shape (circle or triangle), they do so more quickly than monolingual people, reflecting better cognitive control when having to make rapid changes of strategy.It also seems that the neurological roots of the bilingual advantage extend to brain areas more traditionally associated with sensory processing. When monolingual and bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds without any intervening background noise, they show highly similar brain stem responses. When researchers play the same sound to both groups in the presence of background noise, however, the bilingual listeners’ neural response is consi derably larger, reflecting better encoding of the sound’s fundamental frequency, a feature of sound closely related to pitch perception.Such improvements in cognitive and sensory processing may help a bilingual person to process information in the environment, and help explain why bilingual adults acquire a third language better than monolingual adults master a secondlanguage. This advantage may be rooted in the skill of focusing on information about the new language while reducing interference from the languages they already know.Research also indicates that bilingual experience may help to keep the cognitive mechanisms sharp by recruiting alternate brain networks to compensate for those that become damaged during aging. Older bilinguals enjoy improved memory relative to monolingual people, which can lead to real-world health benefits. In a study of over 200 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, a degenerative brain disease, bilingual patients reported showing initial symptoms of the disease an average of five years later than monolingual patients. In a follow-up study, researchers compared the brains of bilingual and monolingual patients match on the severity of Alzheimer’s symptoms. Surprisingly, the bilinguals’ brains had more physical signs of disease than their monolingual counterparts, even though their outward behaviour and abilities were the same. If the brain is an engine, bilingualism may help it to go farther on the same amount of fuel.Furthermore, the benefits associated with bilingual experience seem to start very early. In one study, researchers taught seven-month-old babies growing up in monolingual or bilingual homes that when they heard a tinkling sound, a puppet appearing on the opposite side of the screen. In order to get a reward, the infants had to adjust the rule they’d learned; only the bilingual babies were able to successfully learn the new rule. This suggests that for very young children, as well as for older people, navigating a multilingual environment imparts advantages that transfer far beyond language.4. Why do bilingual people often perform better than monolingual people on tasks that require conflict management?5. According to the passage, what are the results when monolingual and bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds with or without intervening background noise?III. Writing (30’)Directions:After Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer were awarded the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science for their outstanding contributions to “experimental research” into the “daunting issue” of global poverty, many have questioned the Nobel Committee’s choice, with some saying China’s poverty alleviation efforts have been the most effective in the world and are more worthy of study. But since the three winners are experts in development economics, this year’s Nobel Prize for economics is seen as highlighting the global need for eradicating poverty and achieving common economic growth.Write a composition of about 400 words on the ANSWER SHEET, in which you should: (1) express your opinion on why poverty alleviation core of development economics and what further steps to be taken.(2) give sound arguments to support your view.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。

2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. Until then, his family _____ from him for more than ten years.A. didn’t hearB. hasn’t been hearingC. hasn’t heardD. hadn’t heard【答案】D【解析】句意：在那之前，他的家人已经十多年没有他的消息了。

句中有个明确的过去时间点“then”(那时)，而“hadn't heard”发生在then之前(包括then)，所以此句用的是过去完成时。

2._____such subject, the professor also taught mathematics and geography.A. Out ofB. In spite ofC. In addition toD. Except for【答案】C【解析】句意：除了这门课，这位教授还教数学和地理。

由also可知，“such subject”是包括在教授的课程之内的。

3. I _____Tom, my college roommate, in the last three years.A. sawB. have seenC. haven’t seenD. see【答案】A【解析】句意：在过去的三年里，我没有见过我的大学室友汤姆。

杭州师范大学2019年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码： 211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。

I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)Section A Multiple choice (20’)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1.Mr. Jeffrey had just___________ the shell of the boiled crab and was starting to peel it off.A.crackedB.burstC.fracturedD.clankedst week the bishop preached a farewell sermon to a(n) ___________ that have known himvery well since he moved here.A.congregationB.audienceC.progressionD.population3.I don’t doubt ___________ the plan will be well implemented.A.howB.thatC.whichD.whether4.The old woman had an ___________ habit of emptying ash trays out of her upstairs windowonto my doorstep.A.offendingB.offensiveC.uneducatedD.objectionable5.The physician reassured me that the pain in my leg would ___________ one hour after I tookthe medicine as I was told.A.wear awayB.wear offC.wear downD.wear out6.The phone call my parents just gave me aroused a(n) ___________ feeling of homesicknessin me.A.intenseB.intensiveC.hopelessD.forceful7.The professor said that he would translate a Chinese fiction if he could find a(n)___________ to help him proof-read his translation.A.collaboratorB.accompliceC.allyD.confederate8.Although WildAid has been trying to stop the slaughter of sharks for their fins, currentregulations rarely curtail ___________ to the degree needed to restore shark population.A.sharks are huntedB.the hunting of sharksC.to hunt sharksD.sharks hunted9.The mere prospect of a performance of one of their operas was enough to set them to runningup bills amounting to ___________ their prospective royalties.A.ten times the number ofB.ten times the amount ofC.the number of ten timesD.as ten times as the amount of10.The ___________ of plastic containers is one of the problems that the local environmentalagency has to deal with.A.dispositionB.dispersalC.disposalD.dissolution11.The forecast predicted ___________ weather with rain, sunshine, thunder and wind and thatis just what they have had.A.fluctuatingB.differingC.rangingD.variable12.The research involves a study of the human heart which leads us through devious mazes ofpassion, ___________ it is difficult to find a way.A.of whichB.from whichC.out of whichD.through which13.The miserable family have had a ___________ of misfortunes.A.continuationB.successionC.repetitionD.contingency14.Mr. White would have been more amicable and civilized if he had changed a little bit,___________?A.wouldn’t heB.hasn’t heC.didn’t heD.hadn’t he15.In Japanese cities, traffic jams are ___________ because citizens in suburb have to driveevery day to central business areas to work.A.propagatedB.activatedC.aggravatedD.irritated16.As an experienced politician, he has to have the ___________ of inspiring confidence in hislisteners.A.flukeB.frenzyC.museD.knack17.You had the ___________ situation in which Florida had more listed public bathing beachesthan the whole of the United Kingdom.A.luminousB.luculentC.lubricantD.ludicrous18.Much of what the lecturer said was beyond her comprehension but she managed tounderstand the ___________ of his remarks.A.tactB.tenorC.tannerD.manner19.Little ___________ about his own safety, though he himself was in great danger.A.he caredB.he may careC.may he careD.did he care20.One woman was feared dead last night after a helicopter ___________ off course into an oilplatform and ditched into the sea.A.veeredB.instigatedC.falsifiedD.blandishedSection B Proofreading and error correction (10’)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the lineFor a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a “Λ” signand write the word you believe to be missing in theblank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen art museum wants a new exhibit,(1)WhenΛart → anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs(2)It never buys → neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it.(3) exhibition →exhibit Science was once seen as the stuffy domain of pale malescientists spent far too much of their time in the laboratory(1)__________ concocting potions in test tubes while avoiding sunlight andhuman interaction. Occasionally they would venture out of thelab to give lectures and impart their wisdom with science students.(2)__________But they would rarely confront with the general public. Now, (3)__________ thanks to the growing number of science festivals, scientistsare engaging with people in unique, innovative—and oftensurprising—way.Science communication has evolved in recent years, broken(4)__________the age-old tradition of the elite scientist imparting knowledge tothe interested layman. Thanks to the increasing emphasis inacademia on public engagement, it is now expected that learningabout science in an open, democratic process—something shaped(5)__________by professionals, but led by the public.Today the language of science communication is repleted(6)__________with words such as create, experience, participate and journey.It all makes participation in public science feel more like a funday out as a classroom chore.(7)__________ Public science events date back to the days of the AncientGreeks when the like of Plato and Aristotle would speak in public (8)__________about their theories of science and philosophy. It was theEdinburgh International Science Festival which coined the term (9)__________“science festival” at its incept in 1989.(10)_________II. Reading comprehension(40’)Section 1 Multiple choice (20’)Directions:In this section there are two passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet.Passage AA Scottish novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer, Robert Louis Stevenson was born at 8 Howard Place, Edinburgh Scotland, on 13 November 1850. It has been more than 100 years since his death. Stevenson was a writer who caused conflicting opinions about his works. On one hand, he was often highly praised for his expert prose and style by many English-language critics. On the other hand, pothers criticized the religious themes in his works, often misunderstanding Stevenson’s own religious beliefs. Since his death a century before, critics and biographers have disagreed on the legacy of Stevenson’s writing. Two biographers, KF and CP, wrote a biography about Stevenson with a clear focus. They chose not to criticize aspects of Stevenson’s personal life. Instead, they focused on his writing, and gave high praise to his writing style and skill.The literary pendulum has a swung these days. Different critics have different opinions towards Robert Louis Stevenson’s works. Though today, Stevenson is one of the most translated authors in the world, his works have sustained a wide variety of negative criticism throughout his life. it was like a complete reversal of polarity---from highly positive to slightly less positive to clearly negative; after being highly praised as a great writer, he became an example of an author with corrupt ethics and lack of moral. Many literary critics passed his works off as children’s stories or horror stories, and thought to have little social value in an educational setting. Stevenson’s works were often excluded from literature curriculum because of its controversial nature. These debates remain, and many critics still assert that despite his skill, his literary works still lack moral value.One of the main reasons why Stevenson’s literary works attracted so much criticism was due to the genre of his writing. Stevenson mainly wrote adventure stories, which was part of a popular and entertaining writing fad at the time. Many of us believe adventure stories are exciting, offers engaging characters, action, and mystery but ultimately can’t teach moral principles. The plot points are one-dimensional and rarely offer a deeper moral meaning, instead focusing on exciting and shocking plot twists and thrilling events. His works were even criticized by fellow authors. Though Stevenson’s works have deeply influenced Oscar Wilde, Wilde often joked that Stevenson would have written better works if he wasn’t born in Scotland. Other authors came to Stevenson’s defence, including Galsworthy who claimed that Stevenson is a greater writer than Thomas Hardy.Despite Wilde’s criticism, Stevenson’s Scottish identity was integral part of his writing works. Although Stevenson’s works were not popular in Scotland when he was alive, many modern Scottish literary critics claim that Sir Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson are the most influential writers in the history of Scotland. While many critics exalt Sir Walter Scott as a literary genius because of his technical ability, others argue that Stevenson deserves the same recognition for his natural ability to capture stories and characters in words. Many of Scott’s works were taken more seriously as literature for their depth due to their tragic themes, but fans of Stevenson praise his unique style of story-telling and capture of human nature. Stevenson’s works, unlike other British authors, captured the unique day to day life of average Scottish people. Many literary critics point to this as a flaw of his works. According to the critics, truly important literature should translate local culture and stories. However, many critics praise the local taste of his literature. To this day, Stevenson’s works provide valuable insight to life in Scotland during the 19th century.Despite much debate of Stevenson’s writing topics, his writing was not the only source of attention for critics. Stevenson’s personal life often attracted a lot of attention from his fans and critics alike. Some even argue that his personal life eventually outshone his writing. Stevenson had been plagued with health problems his whole life, and often had to live in much warmer climates than the cold, dreary weather of Scotland in order to recover, so he took his family to a south pacific island Samoa, which was a controversial decision at that time. However, Stevenson didn’t regret the decision. The sea air and thrill of adventure complimented the themes of his writing, and for a time restored his health. From there, Stevenson gained a love of travelling, and for nearly three years he wandered the eastern and central Pacific. Much of his works reflected this love of travel and adventure that Stevenson experienced in the Pacific islands. It was as a result of this biographical attention that the feeling grew that interest in Stevenson’s life had taken the place of interest in his works. Whether critics focus on his writing subjects, his religious beliefs, or his eccentric lifestyle of travel and adventure, people from the past and present have different opinions about Stevenson as an author. Today, he remains a controversial yet widely popular figure in western literature.1. Stevenson’s biographers KF and CP .A. underestimated the role family played in Stevenson’s life.B. overestimated the writer’s works in the literature history.C. exaggerated Stevenson’s religious belief in his works.D. elevated Stevenson’s role as a writer.2. The main point of the second paragraph is .A. the public give a more fair criticism to Stevenson’s works.B. recent criticism has been justified.C. the style of Stevenson’s works overweigh his faults in his life.D. Stevenson’s works’ drawback is lack of ethical nature.3. According to the author, adventure stories .A. do not provide plot twists well.B. cannot be used by writers to show moral values.C. are more fashionable art form.D. can be found in other’s works but not in Stevenson’s.4. What does the author say about Stevenson’s works?A. They describe the life of people in Scotland.B. They are commonly regarded as real literature.C. They were popular during Stevenson’s life.D. They transcend the local culture and stories.5. The lifestyle of Stevenson .A. made his family envy him so much.B. should be responsible for his death.C. gained more attention from the public than his works.D. didn’t well prepare his life in Samoa.Passage BIn Britain one of the most dramatic changes of the Industrial Revolution was the harnessing of power. Until the reign of GeorgeⅢ(1760-1820), available sources of power for work and travel had not increased since the Middle Ages. There were three sources of power: animal or human muscles; the wind, operating on sail or windmill; and running water. Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons. Furthermore, even the most reliable waterpower varied with the seasons and disappeared in a drought. The new age of machinery, in short, could not have been born without a new source of both movable and constant power.The source had long been known but not exploited. Early in the eighteenth century, a pump had come into use in which expanding steam raised a piston in a cylinder, and atmospheric pressure brought it down again when the steam condensed inside the cylinder to form a vacuum. This “atmospheric engine”, invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied outside the coal mines for which it had been designed. In the 1760s, James Watt perfected a separate condenser for the steam, so that the cylinder did not have to be cooled at every stroke; then he devised a way to make the piston turn a wheel and thus convert reciprocating (back and forth) motion into rotary motion. He thereby transformed an inefficient pump of limited use into a steam engine of a thousand uses. The final step came when steam was introduced into the cylinder to drive the piston backward as well as forward, thereby increasing the speed of the engine and cutting its fuel consumption.Watt’s steam engine soon showed what it could do. It liberated industry from dependence on running water. The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps, which make possible deeper and deeper mining. The ready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttime illumination to be discovered in a millennium and a half. Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles, and early in the new century, well-to-do Londoners grew accustomed to gas-lit houses and even streets. Iron manufacturers, which had starved for fuel while depending on charcoal, also benefited from ever-increasing supplies of coal: blast furnaces with steam-powered bellows turned out more iron and steel for the new machinery. Steam became the motive force of the industrial revolution as coal and iron ore were the raw materials.By 1800 more than a thousand steam engines were in use in the British Isles, and Britain retained a virtual monopoly engine production until the 1830s. Steam power did not merely spin cotton and roll iron; early in the new century, it also multiplied ten times over the amount of paper that a single worker could produce in a day. At the same time, operators of the first printing presses run by steam rather than by hand found it possible to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty. Steam also promised to eliminate a transportation problem not fully solved by either canal boats or turnpikes could cross the hills, but the roadbeds could not stand up undergreat weights. These problems needed still another solution, and the ingredients for it lay close at hand, in some industrial regions, heavily laden wagons, with flanged wheels, where being hauled by horses along metal rails; and the stationary steam engine was puffing in the factory and mine. Another generation passed before inventors succeeded in combining these ingredients, by putting the engine on wheels and the wheels on the rails, so as to provide a machine to take the place of the horse. Thus the railroad age sprang from what had already happened in the eighteenth century.6. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the first passage?A. Running water was the best power source for factories since it could keep machines operating continuously, but since it was abundant only in Lancashire and Scotland, most mills and factories that were located elsewhere could not be water driven.B. The disadvantage of using waterpower is that streams do not necessarily flow in places that are the most suitable for factories, which explains why so many water-powered grain and textile mills were located in undesirable places.C. Since machines could be operated continuously only where running water was abundant, grain and textile mills, as well as other factories, tended to be located only in Lancashire and Scotland.D. Running water was the only source of power that was suitable for the continuous operation of machines, but to make use of it, factories had to be located where the water was, regardless of whether such locations made sense otherwise.7. According to paragraph 2, the “atmospheric engine” was slow because .A. it had been designed to be used in coal minesB. the cylinder had to cool between each strokeC. it made use of expanding steam to raise the piston in its cylinderD. it could be operated only when a large supply of fuel was available8. In paragraph 3, the author mentions William Murdoch’s invention of a new form of nighttime illumination in order to .A. indicate one of the important developments made possible by the introduction of Watt’s steam engineB. make the point that Watt’s steam engine was not the only invention of importance to the Industrial RevolutionC. illustrate how important coal was as a raw material for the Industrial RevolutionD. provide an example of another eighteenth-century invention that used steam as a power source9. According to paragraph 4, which of the following statements about steam engines is true?A. They were used for the production of paper but not for printing.B. By 1800, significant numbers of them were produced outside of Britain.C. They were used in factories before they were used to power trains.D. They were used in the construction of canals and turnpikes.10. According to paragraph 4, providing a machine to take the place of the horse involvedcombining which two previously ingredients?A. Turnpikes and canalsB. Stationary steam engines and wagons with flanged wheelsC. Metal rails in road beds and wagons capable of carrying heavy loadsD. Canal boats and heavily laden wagonsSection 2 Answering questions(20’)Directions:Read the following two passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answers on the answer sheet.Questions 1-3Americans today choose among more options in more parts of life than has ever been possible before. To an extent, the opportunity to choose enhances our lives. It is only logical to think that if some choices are good, more is better; people who care about having infinite options will benefit from them, and those who don’t can always just ignore the 273versions cereal they have never tried. Yet recent research strongly suggests that, psychological, this assumption is wrong, with 5% lower percentage announcing they are happy. Although some choices are undoubtedly better than none, more is not always better than less.Recent research offers insight into why many people end up unhappy rather than pleased when their options expand. We began by making a distinction between “maximisers” (those who always aim to make the best possible choice) and “satisfiers” ( those who aim for good enough whether or not better selection might be out there).In particular, we composed a set of statements---the Maximisation Scale---to diagnose people’s propensity to maximize. Then we had several thousand people rate themselves from 1 to 7 (from completely disagree to completely agree) on such statements as “I never settle for second best.”We also evaluated their sense of satisfaction with their decisions. We didn’t define a sharp cutoff to separate maximisers from satisfiers, but in general, we think of individuals whose average scores are higher than 4 (the scale’s midpoint) as maximisers and those whose scores are lower than the midpoint as satisfiers. People who score highest on the test---the greatest maximisers---engage in more product comparisons than the lowest scorers, both before and after they make purchasing decisions, and they take longer to decide what to buy. When satisfiers find an item that meets their standards, they stop looking. But maximisers exert enormous effort reading labels, checking out consumer magazines and trying new products. They also spend more time comparing their purchasing decisions with those of others.We found that the greatest maximisers are the least happy with the fruits of their efforts. When they compare themselves with others, they get little pleasure from finding out that they did better and substantial dissatisfaction from finding out that they did worse. They are more prone to experiencing regret after a purchase, and if their acquisition disappoints them, their sense of well-being takes longer to recover. They also tend to brood or ruminate more than satisfiers do.Does it follow that maximisers are less happy in general than satisfiers? We tested this by having people fill out a variety of questionnaires known to be reliable indicators of well-being. As might be expected, individuals with high maximisation scores experienced less satisfactionwith life and were less happy, less optimistic and more depressed than people with low maximization scores. Indeed, those with extreme maximization ratings had depression scores that placed them in the borderline of clinical range.Several factors explain why more choice is not always better than less, especially for maximisers. High among these are “opportunity costs.”The quality f any given option cannot be assessed in isolation from its alternatives. One of the “costs” of making a selection is losing the opportunities that a different option would have afforded. Thus an opportunity cost of vacationing on the beach in Cape Cod might be missing the fabulous restaurants in the Napa Valley. Early Decision Making Research by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky showed that people respond much more strongly to losses than gains. If we assume that opportunity costs reduce the overall desirability of the most preferred choice, then the more alternatives there are, the deeper our sense of loss will be and the less satisfaction we will derive from our ultimate decision.The problem of opportunity costs will be better for a satisfier. The latter’s “good enough” philosophy can survive thoughts about opportunity costs. In addition, the “good enough” standard leads to much less searching and inspection of alternatives than the maximiser’s “best” standard. With fewer choices under consideration, a person will have fewer opportunity costs to subtract.Just as people feel sorrow about the opportunities they have forgone, they may also suffer regret about the option they settled on. My colleagues and I devised a scale to measure proneness to feeling regret, and we found that people with high sensitivity to regret are less happy, less satisfied with life, less optimistic and more depressed than those with low sensitivity. Not surprisingly, we also found that people with high regret sensitivity tend to be maximisers. Indeed, we think that worry over future regret is a major reason that individuals become maximisers. The only way to be sure you will not regret a decision is by making the best possible one. Unfortunately, the more options you have and the more opportunity costs you incur, the more likely you are to experience regret.In a classic demonstration of the power of sunk costs, people were offered season subscriptions to a local theatre company. Some were offered the tickets at full price and others at a discount. Then the researchers simply kept track of how often the ticket purchasers actually attended the plays over the course of the season. Full-price payers were more likely to show up at performances than discount payers. The reason for this, the investigators argued, was that thefull-price payers would experience more regret if they didn’t use the tickets because not using the more costly tickets would constitute a bigger loss. To increase sense of happiness, we can decide to restrict our options when the decision is not crucial.1. What is the aim of the Maximisation Scale composed by the researchers? Who tend to be least happy when making choices?2. Why were the full-price ticket payers more likely to show up at the performances?3. According to the passage, what can be done to increase the sense of happiness when making a better choice?Questions 4-5The raging battle over SOPA and PIPA, the proposed anti-privacy laws, is looking more and more likely to end in favor of Internet freedom-but it won’t be the last battle of its kind. Although, ethereal as it is, the internet seems destined to survive in some form or another, experts warn that there are many threats to its status quo existence, and there is much about it that could be ruined or lost.Physical destructionA vast behemoth that can route around outages and self-heal, the Internet has grown physically invulnerable to destruction by bombs, fires or natural disasters---within countries, at least. It’s “very richly interconnected,” said David Clark, a computer scientist at MIT who was a leader in the development of the Internet in the 1970s. “You would have to work really hard to find a small number of places where you could seriously disrupt connectivity.”On 9/11, for example, the destruction of the major switching center in south Manhattan disrupted service locally. But service was restored about 15 minutes later when the center “healed” as the built-in protocols routed users and information around the outage.However, while it’s essentially impossible to cripple connectivity internally in a country, Clark said it is conceivable that one country could block another’s access to its share of the Internet cloud; this could be done by severing the actual cables that carry Internet data between the two countries. Thousands of miles of undersea fiber-optic cables that convey data from continent to continent rise out of the ocean in only a few dozen locations, branching out from those hubs to connect to millions of computers. But if someone were to blow up one of these hubs—the station in Miami, for example, which handles some 90 percent of the Internet traffic between North American and Latin America, the Internet connection between the two would be severely hampered until the infrastructure was repaired.Such a move would be “an act of cyber war,” Clark told Life’s Little Mysteries, a sister site to Livescience.content cacheEven an extreme disruption of international connectivity would not seriously threaten the survival of Web content itself. A “hard” copy of most data is stored in nonvolatile memory, which sticks around with or without power, and whether you have Internet access to it or not. Furthermore, according to William Lehr, an MIT economist who studies the economics and regulatory policy of the Internet-infrastructure industries, the corporate data centers that harbor Web content-everything from your enemies to this article have sophisticated ways to back up and diversely store the data, including simply storing copies in multiple locations.Google even stores cached copies of all Wikipedia pages; these were accessible on Jan.18 when Wikipedia took its own versions of the pages offline in protest of SOPA and PIPA. This diversified storage plan keeps the content itself safe, but it also offers some protection against loss of access to any one copy of the data in the event of a cyber war. For example, if power were cut to a server, you may be unable to reach a website on its home server, but you may find a cached version of the content stored on another, accessible server. Or, “if you wanted data that was not available from a server in country X, you may be able to get substantively the same data from a server in country Y.” Lehr said.Internet arms race。

全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试考试总纲总　则全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会在《全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》（见学位办[2009]23号文）中指出，MTI教育的目标是培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才。

MTI教育重视实践环节，强调翻译实践能力的培养。

全日制MTI的招生对象为具有国民教育序列大学本科学历（或本科同等学力）人员，具有良好的双语基础。

根据《全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》以及教学司[2009] 22号文件精神，现制定全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲。

一、考试目的本考试旨在全面考察考生的双语（外语、母语）综合能力及双语翻译能力，招生院校根据考生参加本考试的成绩和《政治理论》的成绩总分（满分共计500分），参考全国统一录取分数线来选择参加复试的考生。

二、考试的性质与范围本考试是全国翻译硕士专业学位研究生的入学资格考试，除全国统考分值100分的第一单元《政治理论》之外，专业考试分为三门，分别是第二单元外国语考试《翻译硕士X语》（含英语、法语、日语、俄语、韩语、德语等语种），第三单元基础课考试《X语翻译基础》（含英汉、法汉、日汉、俄汉、韩汉、德汉等语对）以及第四单元专业基础课考试《汉语写作与百科知识》。

《翻译硕士X语》重点考察考生的外语水平，总分100分，《X语翻译基础》重点考察考生的外汉互译专业技能和潜质，总分150分，《汉语写作和百科知识》重点考察考生的现代汉语写作水平和百科知识，总分150分。

（考试科目名称及代码参见教学司[2009]22号文件）三、考试基本要求1.具有良好的外语基本功，掌握6000个以上的选考外语积极词汇。

2.具有较好的双语表达和转换能力及潜质。

3.具备一定的中外文化以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。

对作为母语（A语言）的现代汉语有较强的写作能力。

四、命题由各招生院校MTI资格考试命题小组根据本考试大纲，分别参照翻译硕士外语考试《翻译硕士X语》、基础课考试《X语翻译基础》及专业基础课考试《汉语写作和百科知识》考试大纲及样题的要求，自主负责命题与实施。

最近也陆续有学弟学妹来问考研的经验帖，坦诚说没什么经验，接下来所谈也只能说是经历帖，希望能给予一些帮助或启发，基本是针对MTI（英语笔译）。

一、一些写在前面的话：先自报家门，本人英专，底子中等也算不上，大学里第一专业也是环境工程，转专业去的英专。

考研动机：自己目前的知识和能力撑不起自己想要的target job，简单粗暴的说就是自己不适合在现阶段工作吧。

在扯一句，为什么考研很重要，很重要，很重要，所以说了三遍，不然你到后期坚持不下去，还有你要么不准备，准备了请别放弃，半途而废等于浪费时间。

考研专业：作为英专，考研能选的专业不多，因为没学过高数，线代和概率，大一上那一个学期的高数，早忘了，因此，顶多就剩教育学，等等了，然而不喜欢背书。

所以只剩下外国语言学和应用语言学，以及MTI了，前者要考二外，嫌烦，就选了MTI。

考研择校：土生土长的浙江人，高考的时候还有心情折腾，拼了命想出去，不过也没有成功。

读研就想安安心心在浙江读一下，毕竟以后基本是在浙江工作啊，所以剩下的学校不多，浙大当然不在考虑范围之内，剩下留给我的也只有浙师大的英语专业了，毕竟它的翻译专业是全国唯七翻译独立成系的，并不归在英语系下面，实力还可以。

二、一些曾经亲生经历的话：MTI（Master of Translating and Interpreting),俗称翻译硕士（包括笔译和口译）。

考试科目为：1.思想政治理论；2.翻译硕士英语；3.英语翻译基础；4.百科知识与汉语写作。

自己的分数为64，66，117，115；362.1.思想政治理论：64/100政治并没有什么经验，因为分数低于预期，只要跟住大部分考研人的步伐就行，无非也就是跟着肖秀荣，后期我记得有个叫徐涛的，他会出一本小黄书，近两年有压中原题，和我一起准备的基友有用，我到后期大概就把肖四背了4遍吧，主观题就上了，自己没动手写过，选择题反正买了就做，做了对答案，好好理解，吃透就行，最主要是把点弄懂，记牢，因为基本不会考原题。

浙江师范大学翻译硕士汉语写作学位MTI考试真题2013年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}第一部分百科知识{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}选择题{{/B}}(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.太阳系中体积最大、自转最快的行星是______。

∙ A.木星∙ B.土星∙ C.天王星∙ D.金星（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.狮子座流星雨得名的缘由是______。

∙ A.所有的流星都来自狮子座∙ B.其发现者就是狮子座的命名者∙ C.流星雨的方位与狮子座在天球上的投影相重叠∙ D.发生于每年7月23日至8月22日，即狮子座入主黄道期间（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.以下不属于“初唐四杰”的是______。

∙ A.卢照邻∙ B.骆宾王∙ C.王勃∙ D.贾岛（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.古希腊神话中，波塞冬(Poseidon)与宙斯是______关系。

∙ A.连襟∙ B.兄弟∙ C.父子（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.第一届现代奥运会于______年在希腊雅典举行。

∙ A.1892∙ B.1896∙ C.1900∙ D.1904（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.“格雷欣法则”(Gresham's Law)是指______。

∙ A.劣币驱逐良币的规律∙ B.通货膨胀的规律∙ C.股市大盘涨跌的规律∙ D.绩优股升值规律（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.《长生殿》是我国清代著名的悲剧，其作者是______。

∙ A.孔尚任∙ B.李玉∙ C.方成培∙ D.洪升（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.“一骑红尘妃子笑，无人知是荔枝来”是唐代著名诗人______《过华清宫绝句》中的名句。

∙ A.杜甫∙ B.李白∙ C.杜牧（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.我国人口最少的少数民族是______族。

∙ A.珞巴∙ B.哈尼∙ C.独龙∙ D.仫佬（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.20世纪中叶的朝鲜战争始于______年，终于______年。