河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生

河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试管理学试卷题号一二三四五六总分核分人分数2分，共40分）得分评卷人在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题干后面的括号内。

不选、错选或多选者，该题无分。

１．管理人员一般需要具备多种技能、关于高层管理人员的技能，按其重要性程度从低到高排序，正确的是【】Ａ．人际技能、概念技能、技术技能Ｂ．技术技能、人际技能、概念技能Ｃ．概念技能、人际技能，技术技能Ｄ．概念技能、技术技能、人际技能２．保证在组织中“事事有人做”属于管理的【】Ａ．计划职能Ｂ．组织职能Ｃ．领导职能Ｄ．控制职能３．1990年，彼得·圣吉教授出版了一本享誉世界之作，这就是【】Ａ．《企业再造工程》Ｂ．《管理的革命》Ｃ．《第五项修炼》Ｄ．《管理的实践》４．梅奥在西方电气公司进行的霍桑试验，在哪个阶段试验得出了企业中存在非正式组织的结论【】Ａ．工场照明试验Ｂ．继电器装配室试验Ｃ．大规模访谈Ｄ．接线板接线工作室试验５．激励理论中的双因素理论，关于保健因素说法正确的是【】Ａ．保健因素能预防和减少员工的不满，但不能使其对工作非常满意Ｂ．保健因素最大的作用是确保员工的生理与心理健康Ｃ．保健因素的满足，能使员工对工作非常满意Ｄ．保健因素的满足，有助于员工潜力的发挥６．“士为知己者死”这一古训反映了有效的领导始于【】Ａ．上下级之间的友情Ｂ．为下属设定崇高的目标Ｃ．为了下属的利益不惜牺牲自己Ｄ．了解下属的欲望和需要７．某企业生产某种产品，固定成本为16万元，单位变动成本为1万元，每台售价12000元，该产品的盈亏平衡点是【】Ａ．60台Ｂ．70台Ｃ．80台Ｄ．90台８．根据领导生命周期理论，推销型领导方式适用于【】Ａ．高任务、高关系Ｂ．高任务、低关系Ｃ．低任务、高关系Ｄ．低任务、低关系９．美国管理学家孔茨认为，管理的职能包括【】Ａ．计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制Ｂ．计划、决策、组织、领导、控制Ｃ．计划、组织、人员配备、指导、控制Ｄ．计划、组织、人事、指挥、协调１０．为了提高劳动生产率，必须为工作挑选第一流的工人，依据的是泰罗科学管理的什么原理 &nbs, , p; 【】Ａ．差别计件工资制Ｂ．标准化Ｃ．能力与工作相适应 &nb, , sp; Ｄ．工作定额１１．企业获得分销商或零售商的所有权或加强对他们的控制，这种战略类型属于【】Ａ．前向一体化Ｂ．后向一体化Ｃ．混合一体化Ｄ．横向一体化１２．管理学中有一原则叫“跳起来，摘桃子”，这一原则可用来描述目标的【】Ａ．可接受性Ｂ．挑战性Ｃ．可实现性Ｄ．可考核性１３．市场占有率低、业务增长率高的经营单位是【】Ａ．金牛Ｂ．瘦狗Ｃ．明星Ｄ．幼童１４．下列哪种正强化方式更有利于组织目标的实现【】Ａ．连续的、固定的正强化Ｂ．连续的、不固定的正强化Ｃ．间断的、不固定的正强化Ｄ．间断的、固定的正强化１５．某企业到了2月底，发现甲产品一季度计划才完成50％，便采取日夜轮班生产来平衡实际与计划之间的偏差；发现乙新产品供大于求，价格下降，这时决定立即减少或停止这种新产品的生产，这些措施【】Ａ．均属于前馈控制Ｂ．均属于反馈控制Ｃ．前者属前馈控制，后者属反馈控制Ｄ．前者属反馈控制，后者属前馈控制16．美国心理学家马斯洛认为人类的需要可分为五个层次，其由低到高的顺序为【】Ａ．生理需要、安全需要、社交需要、尊重需要、自我实现需要Ｂ．安全需要、生理需要、社交需要、尊重需要、自我实现需要Ｃ．尊重需要、生理需要、安全需要、社交需要、自我实现需要Ｄ．生理需要、安全需要、尊重需要、社交需要、自我实现需要１７．从期望理论中，我们得到的最重要的启示是【】Ａ．效价高低是激励是否有效的关键Ｂ．期望值高低是激励是否有效的关键Ｃ．由于存在着负效价，应引起领导者注意Ｄ．应把效价和期望值进行优化组合１８．组织成员士气高昂，具有比较一致的满意度，沟通渠道不多。

2020年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试英语Part I Vocabulary and Structure(1x40)Directions:There are40incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence,and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.There wasn’t anyone in the room at that time,?A.isn’t thereB.wasn’t thereC.was thereD.is there2.It was so noisy that the speaker couldn’t make himself.A.hearB.hearsC.hearingD.heard3.Walk another block and cross the traffic lights,and you will see the hotel your left.A.byB.onC.inD.for4.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，it will keep for two or three weeks.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.where5.So little about the British history that the lecture was completely beyond me.A.do I knowB.I knewC.did I knowD.I know6.Professor Smith had a little trouble data for his research.A.collectB.collectedC.collectingD.to collect7.If only I what you want now!A.knownB.knewC.had knownD.have known8.David has been studying here for three years and by next August he.A.will graduateB.will be graduatedC.will be graduatingD.will have graduated9.Busy she is,Catherine still does a lot of reading and writing after work.A.asB.howeverC.althoughD.since10.John wishes that he in business instead of politics when he was at college.A.majoredB.had majoredC.have majoredD.major11.We still have two hours as the plane will not until10o’clock.A.take afterB.take offC.take awayD.take out12.I don’t doubt he will pass the examination.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.whether13.Although Peter was in a hurry,he stopped an old lady with a heavy box.A.helpingB.being helpedC.to helpD.helpedst week,the teacher,as well as a number of her students,to attend the meeting.A.was askedB.were askedC.had askedD.had been asked15.Helen a good job since she graduated from the university.A.doesn’t findB.hasn’t foundC.didn’t findD.hadn’t found16.The reason why Beethoven went away to the country was he was graduallygoing deaf.A.sinceB.asC.forD.that17.We will go to visit the Great Wall next year we have enough money.A.unlessB.lestC.untilD.provided18.Only when the war was over in1945to his hometown.A.he returnedB.did he returnC.he did returnD.had he returned19.a wonderful trip he had in China!A.WhereB.HowC.ThatD.What20.Tom his former English teacher when he was shopping the day before yesterday.A.ran awayB.ran upC.ran overD.ran into21.When you have any difficulty,you could your friends for help.A.turn toB.turn outC.turn overD.turn on22.My new job is good salary,but it does not seem to have opportunities forpromotion.А.in charge of B.in case of C.in terms of D.in favor o23.You will be able to pass the examination if you do not lose.A.weightB.heartC.temperD.sight24.The policeman had to let him go,for there wasn’t enough to prove his guilt.A.signB.sceneC.evidenceD.symbol25.The employee’s demand for a pay rise was by his boss.A.refusedB.resultedC.reviewedD.requested26.He is as as a donkey doing everything in his own way and refusing to listen toadvice.A.strictB.stubbornC.objectiveD.particularA.the;aB.the;/C./;/D./;a36.If you find this question too difficult to,it is advisable to leave it as it is andmove on to the next one.A.work outB.work onC.work forD.work at37.of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night.A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All38.If I take this medicine three times a day,it should my cold.A.healB.cureC.treatD.recover27.After a long summer holiday,Tom finds it difficult tolife on campus.himself to the busy39.Being chased by a dog,Jack jumped the fence.A.upB.overC.onD.fromA.adoptB.carryC.liftD.adjust28.Travelers had better get their reservations well advance if they fly during theChristmas holidays.A.aboveB.outC.withD.in29.This dictionary is very useful and I often the words I don’t know in it.A.look atB.look upC.look forD.look into30.Two the students in our school will go to the summer camp.A.hundreds ofB.hundredsC.hundredD.hundred of31.I hear you are going hiking this weekend.Would you mind if I?e one upe oute along32.Jenny came here to that everything was all right.A.think ofB.try outC.think overD.make sure33.Mrs.Smith is kind and always her help to others.A.offersB.makesC.sharesD.receives34.It is too bright and sunny,Why not your sunglasses?A.conveyB.wearC.breakD.clean35.In most countries,a university degree can give you flying start inyour career.40.Self-criticism is very necessary it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.A.by thatB.at thatC.on thatD.in thatPart ll Cloze(1×20)Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each of the blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should choose ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Throughout the history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die,but people now live longer than they41.Yet,all living things still show the42of aging, which will eventually43death.Aging is not a disease,but as a person passes maturity,the cells of the body and the44they form do not function as well as they 00045000in childhood and adolescence(青春期).The body provides less46against disease and is more inclined47have an accident.A number of related causes may 48aging.Some cells of the body have a fairly long life,but they are no49 when they die.As a person ages,50of brain cells and muscle cells decreases.51 body cells die and are replaced by new cells.In an aging person the52cells may not be as viable(能生存的)or as capable53growth as those of a young person.Another54in aging may be changes within the cells55.Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known56with age and become less elastic(有弹性的).This is why the skin of old people wrinkles and57.This is also the reason why old people shrinks in58.There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals,such as DNA and RNA,store and59information that the cells need.Aging may affect this60and change the information carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.41.A.would B.be used to ed to ed42.A.function B.courage C.affect D.sign43.A.lead in B.give in C.run into D.result in44.A.hands B.feet C.heart ans45.A.do B.has done C.did D.had done46.A.energy B.protection C.vigor D.power47.A.to B.with C.for D.of48.A.attend to B.contribute to C.add to D.devote to49.A.replaced B.rebuilt C.recovered D.surrendered50.A.a number B.the amount C.the number D.a great deal51.A.The others B.Others C.Another D.Other52.A.old B.left C.new D.young53.A.to B.for C.of D.in54.A.factor B.effect C.reason D.element55.A.for themselves B.of themselves C.themselves D.on their own56.A.change B.to have changed C.to change D.to be changed57.A.hangs looseC.is hanging loosely B.hangs looselyD.is hanging loose58.A.body B.height C.shape D.skin59.A.pass away B.pass by C.pass off D.pass on60.A.improvement B.procession C.approach D.processPart III Reading Comprehension(2x20)Directions:There are4passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences.For each of them there are4choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage1Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss.The noise can be the sound of a jet airplane or machines in factories or loud music or other common sounds found at home or at work.A person only needs to hear the noise for a little more than one second to be affected.An American scientist has found that using aspirin can increase the temporary hearing loss or damage from loud noise.He did an experiment, using a number of male students at a university who all had normal hearing.He gave them different amounts of aspirin for different periods of time，and then he tested their hearing ability.He found that the students who were given four grams of aspirin a day for two days suffered much greater temporary hearing loss than those who did not use aspirin.The hearing loss was about two times as great.The scientist said millions of people in the United States use much larger amounts of aspirin than were used in the study.He said these people face a serious danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noise.61.Hearing damage or loss may be caused by.A.loud musicB.the sound of a jet airplane or machinesmon sounds at home or at workD.all of the above62.The passage suggests that one’s hearing.A.will be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little more than one secondB.will be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little less than one secondC.will not be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little more than one secondD.will not be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little less than one second63.According to this passage,we can draw a conclusion that aspirin.A.should never be taken more than four grams a dayB.makes hearing damage from noise worseC.decreases hearing damage by two timesD.should never be taken for more than two dayslions of Americans are in danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noise because they.A.take too much aspirinB.like listening to loud musicC.make loud noise at home and at workD.often take jet airplanes65.The scientist found from his experiment that a day for two days would affect a person’s hearing.A.one gram of aspirinB.two grams of aspirinC.three gram of aspirinD.four grams of aspirinPassage2It is exciting to apply for a job that really appeals to you.In making your application, there are a number of points for you to observe.In your letter of application,say just enough to give a good account of yourself without being wordy.If you are answering an advertisement,any information for which it asks must, of course,be given.This will usually cover your academic record and any further education and training.You may also be asked to give the names of one or two persons to supply reference.For this purpose you should choose people who know you well enough to vouch(保证)for your character and ability;and to be polite,you should seek in advance their permission to be named as referees.It will depend on circumstances how much you can carefully add about yourself.Your purpose is to bring to the notice of the employer any good reason why you rather than any of the other applicants should be chosen for the job.Therefore,if you feel you have any special skill or talent for the work,or particular interest in the line of the business,let it be known.Finally,there is your use of language.You cannot go wrong if you keep your sentences and paragraphs short,making sure the sense is clear and well-expressed.Chose plain words so long as they convey the meaning.66.The aim of writing a letter of application is to.A.indicate why you are the most suitable for the jobB.reveal to the employer your academic recordC.show your character and abilityD.give more information about yourself67.In your letter of application,try to.A.keep it as long as possibleB.give more information about your education and trainingC.cover more of your academic recordD.say briefly with enough information68.The author suggests you choose words so long as they can express your meaning.A.beautifulB.plainC.specialD.particular69.The underlined word“referees”in Paragraph2refers to people.A.who examine the application lettersB.who write reference books for the employeesC.who solve problems for the employersD.who give you reference letters70.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A.Making a Job ApplicationB.Effective Letter WritingC.Writing Letters to EmployersD.Writing for AdvertisementsPassage3Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals.Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.Accommodation ZonesHomestays are located in London mainly in Zone2.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential.Zones3and4often offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area.It is very convenient to travel in London by underground.Meal Plans Available♢Continental Breakfast♢Breakfast and Dinner♢Breakfast,Packed Lunch and DinnerIt’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal,bread and tea or coffee.Cheese,fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England.Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert,fruit and coffee.FriendsIf you wish to invite a friend over to visit,you must first ask your host’s permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.Self-Catering Accommodation in Private HomesAccommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room.This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.However,it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.71.The passage is probably written for.A.hosts willing to receive foreign studentsB.foreigners hoping to build British cultureC.travelers planning to visit families in LondonD.English learners applying for living in British homes72.Which of the following will the host provide?A.Room cleaning.B.Medical care.C.Free transport.D.Physical training.73.What can be inferred from Paragraph3?A.Zone4is more crowded than Zone2.B.The business centre of London is in Zone1.C.Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre.D.Accommodation in the city centre is not provided.74.According to the passage，what does Continental Breakfast include?A.Dessert and coffee.B.Fruit and vegetables.C.Bread and fruit juice.D.Cola and cold meat.75.Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?A.To experience a warmer family atmosphere.B.To enrich their knowledge of English.C.To entertain friends as they like.D.To enjoy much more freedom.Passage4The native Americans,the people we call the“Indians”had been in America for many thousands of years before Columbus arrived in1492.Columbus thought he had arrived in India,so he called the native people“Indians”.The Indians were kind to the early settlers.They were not afraid of them and they want to help them.They showed the settlers the new world around them.They taught them about the local crops like sweet potatoes,corn and peanuts.They introduced the Europeans to chocolate and to the turkey;and the Europeans did business with the Indians.But soon the settlers wanted bigger farms and more land for themselves and their families. More and more immigrants were coming from Europe and all these people needed land.So the Europeans started to take the land from the Indians.Naturally,when the whites started taking all the Indians’land,the Indians started fighting back.But the whites were stronger and cleverer.Slowly they pushed the Indians into those parts of the continent that the whites didn’t want—the parts where it was too cold or too dry or too mountainous to live comfortably.By 1875,the Indians were living in a special place called“reservation”.But even here the whites took land from them—perhaps the whites wanted the wood,or perhaps the land had important minerals in it,or they even wanted to make national parks there.So even on their reservations the Indians were not safe from the whites.There are many Hollywood films about the fight between the Indians and the whites. Usually in these films the Indians are bad and the whites are good and brave.But was it really like that?What do you think?Do you think the Indians were right or wrong to fight against the whites?76.Why did Columbus call the native people“Indians”?A.Because he thought he had arrived in India.B.Because he knew they were from India.C.Because he liked Indian culture very much.D.Because he was an Indian himself.77.How did the Indians react to the early settlers’arrival at first?A.They were angry at the early settlers.B.They seldom helped the early settlers.C.They fought against the early settlers fiercely.D.They were warm-hearted and kind to the early settlers.78.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.The settlers wanted to buy land from the Indians.B.The Indians were stronger and cleverer than the settlers.C.The whites even wanted more land on Indians’reservations.D.The Indians gave up their land willingly.79.We can learn from the last paragraph that.A.films about the fight between the Indians and the whites are very limitedB.the Indians are usually beautified in the filmsC.the author is doubtful about what the films show to usD.films about fights are the most popular ones in the market80.The passage is most probably taken from the column of a newspaper.A.entertainmentB.historyC.economyD.culturePart IV Translation(2*10points)Directions:T here are10sentences in this part.Please translate sentences81~85from Chinese into English,and translate sentences86~90from English into Chinese.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.81.我们现在住的房子离公司太远了。

2023年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试《管理学》回忆版一、单选题1．在组织管理活动中，解决具体问题时，要统筹考虑，不仅要考虑对现在的影响还要考虑对未来可能产生的影响，这运用了管理的什么原理(C)A．人本原理B．效益原理c．系统管理D．适度原理2海尔为适应全球一体化的发展，扩大对外投资，推行国际化战略，母公司集中决策，并对海外业务实行严格的控制，这种组织模式是(A)A全球组织模式c多国组织模式B．国际组织模式D．跨国组织模式－3管理道德的阶段有三个层次，那个是正确的(D)A．中间阶段是原则层次c．可能会出现中断，停留和跨越B最重要的是惯例层次D．最低层次是前惯例层次4．市场化是指市场机制而不是行政命令进行的资源配置，主要包括(B)A投资机制，供求机制，创新机制B．价格机制，供求机制，创新机制C价格机制，供求机制，竞争机制D投资机制，供求机制，竞争机制5业务流程再造，也被称为业务流程重组或企业经营过程再造哈默提出了七个原则，下列正确的是(B) A．围绕任务而不是结果进行组织B．让使用流程最终产品的人参与流程的进行C．将任务集成而不是将并行的活动集成D．在工作未被完成的地方进行决策，将控制融入流程中6决策者虽不能准确预测每一备选方案的结果，但却因拥有充分的信息而能预告各备选方案及其结果发生的可能性，该决策类型是(C)A．确定型决策B．程序型决策c．风险型决策D．不确定性决策7在不确定情境下，包括乐观准则，悲观准则(D)A最小后悔值，大概率准则C．最小后悔值，最优准则B最小后诲值，等概率准则D．大概率准则，最优准则8．任何决策都需要不同程度的创造性思维，创造性思维过程包括四个阶段(A) A．无意识审视B．直觉c．洞察力D．实验9预算管理中经营预算包括(A)A现金预算，直接制造费用C．全面质量管理阶段B生产费用，现金预算D质量管理国际化阶段10．环境分析最常用的是一般环境分析，对特定的组织而言，需要对特定的环境进行分析，其中，公民的环保意识，消费观念，就业观念属千Cc)A.P（政治与经济）c.s（社会与文化）B.E（经济）D.T（技术）11．某航空公司采取打折机票，后续也有航空公司模仿，这对高铁行业的竞争XXXX,根据迈克尔波特五力模型X XXX(D)A潜在进入者c．买方议价的能力B．行业内现有竞争者D替代品生产商12哈佛大学安德鲁斯等人提环境分析技术出的SWOT分析方法，WO战略指的是(B)A增长型战略B．扭转型战略c多元化战略D．紧缩型战略13诀策者制定决策时，通过广泛协商，讨论，协调利益关系，在达成要协的基础上进行决策，这种非理性决策属千(C)A．精英决策模型B．渐进模型c．领导集体模型14按照所涉及活动内容分类某项工程建设计划属千(C) A．作业计划B．综合计划c．项目计划D．政治协调模型D．作业计划15．组织中的所有管理人员都需要做计划，从高层到第一线基层，体现了计划的什么特征(A) A．普遍性B．效率性c．秩序性D．目的性16属千有机式组织适用条件的是(D)A环境相对稳定C技术相对统一17属千矩阵式组织结构的优点是(D)B企业规模较大D．任务多样且多变A有利千培养通才B权责关系明确C减轻管理人员压力D．目标明确，人员结构稳定18当组织规模一定时，管理幅度小，那么管理层级(B)A．越多B．越少c．无影响D．无法判断19影响组织分权程度的因素是(A)A．组织规模B．接收方的条件C．信息的共享D．工作内容和性质20题组织内部选聘的优点(D)A人才来源广泛c．为组织带来新鲜血液B避免近亲繁殖D．有利千调动员工的工作积极性21．新员工入职，在公司对其进行一周培训，使其了解工作内容，熟悉工作环境，这种培训方法属千(C)A．在职培训B．专题培训c．岗前培训D．综合培训22金无足赤，美玉有瑕体现了人员配备(A)A．用人所长B．任人唯贤c．因事择人D．动态平衡23．采用工作讨论方法来培训管理人员，最大优点(B)A激发学员解决问题的热情c．提高员工的个人能力与沟通能力B．信息多项传递反馈效果好D．提高员工解决问题的能力24．组织文化有三个层次，其中格力空调好格调，格力空调拥有核心技术属千哪个层次(A) A．精神层B制度层c．物质层D．文化层25有一种组织文化，具有内向式的关注中心和对稳定环境的一致性定位，支持商业运作程式化的文化，遵循传统和随之确定的政策与实践，这种组织文化是(D)A适应型组织文化C．小团体型组织文化B愿景型组织文化D．官僚型组织文化26组织文化的特征，除了独特性，长期性，可塑性，还有哪个特征(B) A精神性绝对稳定性动态性融合性B精神性系统性相对稳定性融合性专C精神性科学性相对稳定性融合性D．精神性系统性整体性融合性与发展中心27这个组织是创新型和以人为本型组织。

2020年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试管理学一、单选题（共40题，40分）1. 管理者影响人的行为的手段无非两类：一类与权力有关，另一类与（）有关。

A.组织文化B.企业宗旨C.组织目标D.经济利益2. 下列关于西方工厂制度早期的管理思想说法正确的是（）A.罗伯特·欧文是我们所熟悉的空想社会主义者，他是18世纪英国初期最有成就的实业家之一B.亚当·斯密是著名的古典经济学家，他认为劳动是国民财富的重要源泉之一C.哲学家查尔斯·巴贝奇继续了斯密关于劳动分工的研究，为管理理论的系统形成奠定了坚实的基础D.欧文、斯密、巴贝奇以及其他一些人对工厂制度早期管理问题的思考是综合的，不零散的3. 泰勒认为科学管理的中心问题是（）A.提高工人的劳动积极性B.提高劳动生产率C.制定科学的作业方法D.实行有差别的计件工资制4. 行为决策代表性模型不包括（）A.DHS模型B.WS模型C.BHS模型D.HS模型5. 最早提出领导权变理论的是（）A.吉沙利B.费德勒C.布莱克D.施密特6. 现有两个所需代价相同的投资，下面说法正确的是（）获利可能性损失可能性第一方案100万元60%50万元40%第二方案500万元60%650万元40%A.第二方案的经营风险性要比第一方案大B.由于这两个方案都有40%的可能失败，所以均不可能获利C.这两个方案的获利期望值都是40万元，所以这两个方案没有什么差别D.第二方案成功时可获利500万元，由此可见，第二方案要比第一方案好7. 下列关于决策任务表述不正确的是（）A.从组织外部视角看，决策的任务是增强核心竞争优势B.从组织内部视角看，决策的任务还包括调整和优化组织管理体系C.从外部环境视角看，决策的任务是让组织灵活适应外部环境的变化D.从未来发展的角度看，让组织保持创业精神也是决策的题中应有之义8. 管理幅度的含义是（）A.直接管理的下属数量B.所管理的部门数量C.所管理的全部下属数量D.B和C9. 管理方格理论的横坐标是（）A.对生产的关心B.对人员的关心C.对组织的关心D.对职位权力的关心10. 当冲突双方势均力敌，争执不下，同时事件重大，双方不可能妥协时，可以采用的策略是（）A.回避B.合作C.强制D.迁就11. “站着说话不腰疼”说明沟通中存在（）A.文化差异B.地位差异C.知识经验差异D.心理差异12. 根据人的能力和素质的不同，去安排不同要求的工作是遵循人员配备的（）A.因材器使原则B.用人所长原则C.人事动态平衡原则D.统一指挥原则13. 美国管理大师彼得·德鲁克说过，如果你理解管理理论，但不具备管理技术和管理工具的运用能力，你还不是一个有效的管理者。

2021年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段考试生理学、病理解剖学一、选择题(每小题1分，共80分)生理学1-40题，病理解剖学41-80题)在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一一个正确答案，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.1.维持内环境稳态主要靠:A.体液调节B.自身调节C.正反馈D.负反馈2.对体液调节特点的叙述，正确的是:A.作用范围广泛，作用短暂B.作用范围广泛，作用持久C.作用范围局限，作用持久D.作用范围局限，作用短暂3.关于局部电位特点的描述，下述选项不正确的是:A.电紧张扩散B.反应具有等级性C.总和D.“全或无"现象4.骨骼肌静息电位靠什么维持:A.Na+内流B.K+内流C.Na+外流D.K+外流5.神经纤维中相邻两个峰电位，其中后- -个峰电位最早见于前一次兴奋的:A.相对不应期B. 绝对不应期C .低常期D.超常期.6.在血管外，红细胞被破坏的主要场所是:A.肝B.脾C.胸腺和骨髓D.肺7.能使血沉加快的情况是;A.血浆球蛋白增加B.血浆白蛋白增加C.血浆纤维蛋白原减少D.血浆卵磷脂增加8.成人促红细胞生成素合成的主要部位是:A.骨髓B.肾脏.C.肝脏D.脾脏9.影响血细胞内外水分分布的主要因素是:A.血浆晶体渗透压B.血浆胶体渗透压.C.血浆蛋白D.组织液胶体渗透压10.心动周期中，在下列哪个时期左心室容积最大:A.等容舒张期末B.快速充盈期末C.心房收缩期末D.减慢充盈期末11.生理情况下能引起左心室后负荷增高的主要因素是:A.肺动脉血压升高B.主动脉血压升高C.回心血量增加D.主动脉瓣关闭不全12.第一心音标志着:A.心房收缩期开始B.心房舒张期开始C.心室收缩期开始D.心室舒张期开始13.自律细胞产生自动节律性的电生理基础是:A.静息电位增大B.舒张期自动去极化C.阈电位增大D.阈电位降低14.与心室肌细胞比较，浦肯野细胞动作电位主要特征是:A.平台期时长更长B.没有1期C.4期自动去极化D.0期去极化速度慢15.生理情况下影响组织液有效滤过压变化的主要因素是:A.毛细血管血压和血浆晶体渗透压B.毛细血管血压和组织液静水压C.毛细血管血压和血浆胶体渗透压D.血浆晶体渗透压和血浆胶体渗透16.形成心室肌细胞动作电位快速复极末期的原因是:A. Na+内流B.K+外流C.Ca2+内流D.CI-内流17.当颈动脉窦压力感受器的传入神经增多，可引起:A.心迷走神经兴奋B.心交感神经兴奋C.心率增快D.心输出量增加18.关于胸膜腔内压的叙述，不正确的是:A.胸膜腔内压=一肺回缩压B.通常较大气压低C.吸气时负值减小，呼气时负值增大D.胸膜腔内压有利于静脉血液回19.下列哪项不是氧解离曲线的影响因素:A.血液温度B.血液CO2分压C.血液PH值D.通气/血流比值20.在肺换气的过程中使肺泡气中氧气进人肺泡血液的动力是:A.氧气的分压差B.氧气的溶解度C.氧气的分子量D.机体温度21.PCO2从低到高的顺序一般为:A.呼出气<组织细胞<静脉血<肺泡气B.呼出气<肺泡气<静脉血<组织细胞C ,呼出气<肺泡气<组织细胞<静脉血D.静脉血<呼出气<肺泡气<组织细胞22.呼吸阻力中非弹性阻力的主要成分是:A.肺回缩力B.肺泡表面张力C.组织黏滞阻力D.气道阻力23.小肠黏膜对葡萄糖的吸收主要依赖于:A.血浆中K+浓度B.腔膜内Ca2+浓度C.肠腔内的Na+'浓度D.肠腔内的K+浓度24.营养物质吸收的主要部位是:A.十二指肠B.大肠C.胃D.小肠25.下列哪一项不能促进胰液的分泌:A.迷走神经兴奋B.胰高血糖素C.缩胆囊素D. 促胰液素26.胆汁的主要作用是:A.分解蛋白质B.保护肠黏膜C.激活胰蛋白酶原D.促进脂肪的消化和吸收27.所谓“食道下括约肌”是指:A.食道与胃交界处增厚的括约肌B.食道与胃交界处的高压区C.能阻止食物进人胃的瓣膜装置D.食道与胃交界处的横纹肌28.用于测量肾血浆流量的物质是:A.菊粉B.葡萄糖C.碘锐特D.肌酐29.酸中毒伴高血钾是什么原因:A.氢钠交换减弱B.钾钠交换减弱C.肾小球对钠的吸收增多D.氢钾交换增多30.肾小球肾炎时滤过膜机械屏障作用增加，其主要影响的是:A.出现尿糖B.肾小球滤过率下降C.出现蛋白尿D.肾小球滤过量增加31.损毁视上核，将出现下列哪种变化:A.尿量增加，尿浓缩B.尿量减少，尿高度稀释C.尿量减少，尿浓缩D.原量增加，尿高度稀释32.关于感受器一般生理特性描述，下列选项不正确的是:A.换能做用B.适应现象C.编码作用D.放大作用33.生理状态下主要通过调节下列哪个部位调整眼的折光能力:A.角膜B.晶状体C.玻璃体D.房水34.听觉感受器位于:A.耳蜗B.前庭器官C.外耳D.中耳35.属于中枢兴奋性递质的是:A.门冬氨酸B.谷氨酸C.甘氨酸D.V-氨基丁酸36.释放ACh递质的神经纤维，不包括:A.交感神经节前纤维B.副交感神经节前纤维C.大部分交感神经节后纤维D.副交感神经节后纤维37.关于中枢内兴奋传递特征的叙述，其中错误的是:A.单向传递B.中枢延搁C.易受内环境条件改变的影响D.不发生突触传递疲劳38.内胜痛最主要的特点是:A.持续时间短B.定位不准确C.必有牵涉痛D.对切割、烧灼刺激敏感39.妊娠时维持黄体功能的主要激素是:A.雌激素B.人绒毛膜促性腺激素C.卵泡刺激素D.黄体生成素40.甲状腺激素的生理作用不包括:A.促进机体新陈代谢B.促进糖的吸收C.促进血钾进人细胞内D.提高机体的产热量41.-种分化成熟的细胞转变成另一种分化成熟的细胞的现象称: .A.分化B.化生C.增生D.再生42.炎症本质是:A.以损伤为主的反应B.以防御为主的反应C.出现红、肿、热痛、功能障碍D.出现变质、渗出和增生43.下列不属于液化性坏死的是:A.急性坏死性胰腺炎B.心肌梗死C.高血压引起脑梗死D.疖44.下列对肉芽组织描述错误的是:A.鲜红色B.湿润C.触之易出血D.牢固45.与血栓形成无关的是:A.血流缓慢B.涡流产生C.纤维蛋白溶解酶增多D.心血管内膜损伤46.高血压病的脾中央动脉发生:A.玻璃样变性B.细胞水肿C.淀粉样变性D.脂肪变性47.左心室前壁和心尖部广泛梗死，阻塞的血管是:A.左冠状动脉前降支B.左冠状动脉旋支C.右冠状动脉D.左冠状动脉主干48.弥散性血管内凝血易形成哪种血栓:A.白色血栓B.红色血栓C.混合血栓D.微血栓49.下列哪个器官容易发生出血性梗死:A.心B.肺C.脾D.肾50.下列对动脉充血描述不正确的一项是:A.充血器官肿胀B.危害相对静脉淤血大C.局部组织鲜红D.毛细血管扩张、充血51.急性细菌性炎症时，患者周围血象可能出现:A.中性粒细胞增高B.嗜酸性粒细胞增加C.巨噬细胞增高D.嗜碱性粒细胞增加52.假膜性炎症是:A.发生在浆膜的纤维素性炎B.发生在浆膜的化脓性炎C.发生在黏膜的纤维素性炎D.发生在黏膜的化脓性炎53.患者肛周脓肿在表皮处穿破，形成一个开口的病理性通道，称为:A.瘘管B.空洞C.窦道D.溃疡54.伤寒细胞来源于:A.中性粒细胞B.巨噬细胞C.淋巴细胞D.成纤维细55.下列再生能力最弱的是:A.结缔组织B.软骨C..上皮细胞D.神经细胞56.下列属于良性肿瘤的是:A.多形性腺瘤B.精原细胞瘤C.黑色素瘤D.淋巴瘤57.肿瘤性增生与炎性增生的根本区别是:A.有肿块形成B.细胞生长活跃C.有核分裂象D.细胞不同程度失去了分化成熟的能58.移行细胞癌最常见的好发部位是:A.肾盂B.输尿管C.膀胱三角区D.膀胱前壁59.肿瘤细胞的分化程度愈高:A.恶性程度愈低B.恶性程度愈高C.转移愈早D.浸润性越强60.下列哪-项是高血压最严重的并发症:A.心肌梗死B.高血压性心脏病C.脑出血D.脑血栓形成61.关于风湿病的描述，不正确的是:A.风湿性关节炎75%以上留下后遗症B.皮肤环形红斑常在1-2天内消退C.皮下结节多无疼痛，可活动D.风湿小体常出现在心内膜下、心肌间等处62.二尖瓣关闭不全时心脏杂音出现的时机及性质、心脏的形状分别是:A.舒张期隆隆样杂音、梨形心B.收缩期隆隆样杂音、梨形心C.舒张期吹风样杂音.球形心D.收缩期吹风样杂音、球形心63.下列哪项不是动脉粥样硬化常累及的血管:A.冠状动脉B.肾小叶间动脉C.腹主动脉D.主动脉分支开口处64.慢性支气管炎患者咳痰的病变基础是:A.支气管黏膜上皮细胞坏死脱落B.腺体肥大、增生C.支气管壁充血、水肿D.纤毛粘连、倒伏65.不符合肺肉质变的因素是:A.肺泡腔内纤维素多B.单核细胞渗出过多C.肺泡内纤维素渗出物不能被完全分解吸收清除D.中性粒细胞渗出过少66.肺硅沉着病的特征性病变是:A.肺门淋巴结肿大B.肺质地变硬C.胸膜纤维化D.硅结节形成67.急性普通型肝炎最常见的变性是:A.脂肪变性B.细胞水肿C.玻璃样变性D.嗜酸性变68.食管癌的好发部位递减依次是:A.食管中段、上段、下段B.食管上段、中段、下段C.食管中段、下段、上段D.食管下段、中段、.上段69.大肠癌最常见的部位是:A.直肠B.横结肠C.升结肠D.降结肠70.慢性肾盂肾炎时，肾的外观:A.颗粒性固缩肾B.大白肾C.大红肾D.瘢痕肾71.膀胱癌最常见的临床症状是:A.尿频、尿急、尿痛B.无痛性血尿C.肾脏积脓D.腰痛72.下列哪个变化不是肾病综合征的表现:A.低蛋白血症B.血尿C.严重水肿D.高脂血症73.肾细胞癌最常见的病理类型为:A.嫌细胞癌B.乳头状癌C.鳞状细胞癌D.透明细胞癌74.甲状腺癌中，哪种类型最常见:A.嗜酸细胞腺癌B.滤泡癌C.乳头状癌D.未分化癌75.梅毒的特征性病变是:A.树胶样肿B.闭塞性动脉内膜炎C.血管周围炎D.血管中毒性损害76.下列哪个部位最容易发生子宫颈癌:A.子宫颈内口B.子宫颈前唇C.子宫颈管D.子宫颈外口77.胃癌在卵巢形成的Krukenberg瘤是哪种转移方式的结果:A.直接蔓延B.血道转移C.种植性转移D.淋巴道转移78.光镜下，流行性脑脊髓膜炎蛛网下腔主要的炎细胞是:A.中性粒细胞.B.嗜碱性粒细胞C.嗜酸性粒细胞D.淋巴细胞79.下列对糖尿病描述错误的是:A.胰岛素本身存在结构缺陷B.体内胰岛素相对或绝对不足C.靶细胞对胰岛素敏感性降低D.尿糖增高，血糖降低80.肠伤寒穿孔多见于哪一期病变:A.愈合期B.坏死期C.髓样肿胀期D.溃疡期生理学部分二、填空题(每空0.5分，共5分)81-82.凝血因子II. VII. IX. X的合成需要_______的参与，_______因子不是蛋白质。

河南省2019年专升本管理学真题(带答案)2019年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段研究考试管理学。

一、选择题（每小题1分，共40分）1.管理的载体是什么？A、管理者B、技术C、组织D、工作2.管理的职能活动中，最基本的职能是什么？A、计划B、组织C、领导D、控制3.计划的制定过程一般包括哪些步骤？A、⑤③②④①B、⑤④②③①C、④③①②⑤D、①②④③⑤4.著名的管理学家XXX关于管理者素质的论述有一个形象的比喻，他说“领导者必须靠三条腿走路，第一条腿雄心壮志，第二条腿领导才能，第三条腿优秀的道德品质。

”这个比喻说明了领导者的素质具有什么特点？A、复杂性B、综合性C、层次性D、时代性5.高校普遍实施了“学评教”活动。

这种控制活动属于哪种控制？A、前馈控制B、同期控制C、反馈控制D、程序控制6.美国心理学家XXX的公平理论属于哪种激励理论？A、行为改造型激励理论B、内容型激励理论C、过程型激励理论D、行为强化型理论7.某管理者为了节省成本，维护大多数人及股东的利益，决定裁员20%。

这位管理者的伦理观是什么？A、功利主义道德观B、权利至上道德观C、公平公正道德观D、推己及人道德观8.下列人员中，以参谋身份从事管理的是谁？A、车间主任B、销售经理C、会计师D、营销主管9.当前，困扰民企的一个普遍问题是人员流动率较高。

这一方面说明社会上对就业价值观发生了变化：一个人一生中不可能只从事一份工作；另一方面用人单位也有自己的用人观念：在人才和知识密集的社会，只要努力去寻找，就能获得企业所需的人才。

所以很多企业在内部人员去留问题上，一般不会主动挽留；而在选拔管理者时，也倾向于从企业外部选拔，因为企业认为外部人力资源更丰富。

你认为这种看法是否正确？A、对，企业外部的确有较丰富的人力资源B、不对，从外部选拔人员肯定会挫伤内部员工的积极性C、不能一概而论，应视具体情况确定D、以上说法都不对10.环式沟通最突出的优点是什么？A、信息渠道不通畅B、满意程度高C、信息易被曲解D、信息单向传递11.XXX加高级管理培训班后，决定改变领导风格，推行参与式管理模式。

2023年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试高等数学 解析:及解析一、选择题（每小题2分,共60分）1．解析:C.【解析】:202220x x x ->⎧⇒-<<⎨+>⎩,应选C.2．解析:B.【解析】:令1,x t +=,则1x t =-,有22()(1)2(1)21f t t t t =-+-+=+,所以()f x =21x +,应选B.3．解析:A.【解析】:根据奇偶函数地结论:一奇一偶函数地乘积为奇函数,应选A. 4.解析:C.【解析】:无穷小量与有界变量之积为无穷小量,因此01lim sin0x x x→=,应选C. 5．解析:B.【解析】:0(2)(3)lim5()5h f x h f x h f x h→+--'==,应选B.6.解析:D.【解析】:00sin(sin )sin lim lim 2x x x x x xx x→→++==,应选D.7．解析:B.【解析】:0lim ()0,lim ()1x x f x f x +-→→==,应选B.8．解析:D.【解析】:(sin )cos x x '''=-,应选D.9．解析:A.【解析】:(arcsin arccos )0arcsin arccos x x x x C'+=⇒+=取0x =,得arcsin arccos x x +=π2,应选A.10．解析:B.【解析】: 根据取得极值地第二充分条件知,0x 是函数()f x 地极小值点,应选B.11.解析:A.【解析】:1lim lim arcsin0;0x x y x x →±∞→±∞==→时,1arcsin y x=无意义,因此仅有水平渐近线,应选A.12.解析:D.【解析】:110222101111dx dx dx x x x --=+⎰⎰⎰,是二个q 广义积分都发散,因此原积分发散,应选D. 13．解析:B.【解析】:设函数()sin 1f x x x =+-,则(0)1,(1)sin1f f =-=,()cos 10f x x '=+>,方程有唯一实根,应选B.14．解析:A.【解析】:()cos f x x '=,则d ()()d cos d sin f x f x x x x x C '===+⎰⎰⎰,应选A.15．解析:C.【解析】:2π2π2costcost cos ()sin d cos 0x x x txxxF x et t e d t e π+++==-=-=⎰⎰,应选C.16．解析:A.【解析】:b x t tx x bd d te dt te dt xe dx dx =-=-⎰⎰, 应选A.17．解析:B.【解析】: ππ00sin d cos 2S x x x ==-=⎰,应选B.18．解析:A.【解析】: 根据微分方程通解地概念知,通解中一定含有两个任意常数,应选A.19．解析:D.【解析】:这是一阶线性微分方程,代入通解公式有通解为3333dx dx x x y e xe dx C e xe dx C --⎡⎤⎰⎰⎡⎤=+=+⎢⎥⎣⎦⎣⎦⎰⎰,应选D.20．解析:D.【解析】: 111010i j ki k =-+,应选D.21．解析:C.【解析】:因为a b b a ⨯=-⨯,应选C.22．解析:A.【解析】:直线地方向向量与平面法向量相互垂直,则直线在平面内或直线平行于平面；而点（0,0,0）不在平面内,应有直线平行于平面,应选A.23．解析:C.【解析】:222200111limlim lim lim sin sin 2x x x x y y y xy xy xy x x →→→→→→=⨯==,应选C.24．解析:D.【解析】: 偏导数都存在不一定连续,连续也不一定偏导数存在,应选D.25．解析:B.【解析】:lnln()ln x y dx dy dydz d d x y d y y x y y ++==+-=-+11(dx dy x y x y y =+-⇒++(1,1)dz =1()2dx dy -,应选B.26．解析:C.【解析】:{(,)|01,0x y y x ≤≤≤≤={}2(,)|01,01x y x y x≤≤≤≤-,应选C.27．解析:D.【解析】:因为1,1P Q y x∂∂=-=∂∂,则 (3)d (2)d L D Q P x y x x y y dxdy x y ⎛⎫∂∂-+-=-- ⎪∂∂⎝⎭⎰⎰⎰ 221Ddxdy S ∆=-=-=-⎰⎰,应选D.28．解析:B.【解析】: 根据二重积分地对称性可知,此积分值为零,应选B.29．解析:C.【解析】:A 、B 、D 都可以举出反例,对于C,利用反证法,假设1(||||)nn n ab ∞=+∑收敛,可得1||n n a ∞=∑收敛,从而1n n a ∞=∑是收敛,矛盾,应选C.30．解析:C.【解析】:令2x t -=,化为级数级数1nn n a t∞=∑在4t =-处收敛,问2t =处是否收敛地问题,根据阿贝尔定理绝对收敛,应选C.二、填空题（每小题2分,共20分）31.解析:1-e .【解析】:()()111100lim 1lim 1xx x x x x e ---→→⎡⎤-=-=⎢⎥⎣⎦.32.解析:3.【解析】:()()()()f x f x f x f x ''-=-⇒-=⇒()03f x '-=.33.解析:1-=x y .【解析】:11y k x'=⇒=,所以切线方程为1y x =-.34. 解析:C xx +-1ln.【解析】:1111ln |1|ln ||ln (1)1x dx dx x x C C x x x x x -⎛⎫=-=-++=+ ⎪--⎝⎭⎰⎰.35.解析:044=+'+''y y y .【解析】:2212xx C eC xe --+为通解说明特征方程有两个相等实根-2,所以4,4p q ==,故二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程为440y y y '''++=.36.解析:()3,2,1--.【解析】:根据关于y 轴地对称点地特点知,所求对称点为（-1,2,-3）.37.解析:dy dx +.【解析】:()x ydz e dx dy +=+⇒(0,0)dz dx dy =+.38.解析:21-.【解析】:101dy y dx dy xdy ydx dx x--+++=⇒=+,当1x =时,0y =,所以(1,0)12dy dx =-.39.解析:321+.【解析】:从点（1,2）到点（）方向向量为{s = ,单位化后为012s ⎧⎪=⎨⎪⎩ ,则(1,2)1(1,2)cos (1,2)sin 212x ff f lαβ∂=+=⨯+=+∂.40.解析:()1,1-.【解析】:1lim1nn n a R a →∞+==,所以收敛区间为（-1,1）。

@备考资料首选通过无忧轻松拿下考试基础阶段—专业知识刷题阶段—重点题库冲刺阶段—押题点睛考点覆盖—精编习题紧扣考纲—直击考点历年真题—押题抢分本封面内容仅供参考，实际内容请认真预览本电子文本祝您考试顺利2023年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试《公共英语》Part I Reading Comprehension(40points)Directions:There are4passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences.For each of them there are4 choices marked A，B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.(2x20)Passage1We use it every day.At your supermarket,you can see local shelves filled with the stuff(东西).It's soap.But how did people start using soap and how is it made?The word of""soap"comes from the Celtic word"“saipo"which means“fat”,the material that soap is made from.The oldest soap dates back to3.000BC,when people in Mesopotamia used it for cleaning the wool.Over the following centuries,soap continued to be used to clean everything but the human body.In the second century,a Greek doctor named Galen wrote about the practice of using soap to clean the body.However,bathing with soap was still not common.It wasn't until the seventeenth century that soap was used for bathing in Europe,but only the wealthy could afford it.In the nineteenth century,the soap became available to most people.As aresult,cleanliness standards improved in many places.One reason that soap has been so common throughout history is that it isn't hard to make.To make it,take some alkali(碱)and mix it with fat or oil.Once everything is mixed，leave the soap in a mold(模具)until it becomes hard.After24hours,it's ready to cut into pieces.But you'll need to be patient.That's because the soap still needs around two to three weeks to become hard enough before you can use it.Easy to make,soap has helped humans stay clean all the way to the modern age.You could even say it's one of the most important inventions in human history.1.What was the original purpose of soap in Mesopotamia?A.To wash handsB.To wash dishesC.To clean the woolD.To clean the wood2.When did soap become available to most people?A.the third centuryB.the second centuryC.the nineteenth centuryD.the seventeenth century3.How long docs it need for the soap to become hard enough before you can use it?5.Where is the passage most probably from?A.A recipe book.B.A health magazine.C.A science fiction.D.A geography textbook.Passage2My mum's a big fan of posting pictures on her WeChat moments: from the bright blue sky,lush green mountains to tranquil clear waters—these were what our family enjoyed when camping in a park near our community in this holiday.And in fact,it is not difficult to find such places in our cities these days,because in the past decade, hundreds of millions of parks have been built in China,some even transformed from garbage dumps and factories.My mom especially cherishes natural scenery and green environments,because she comes from a small,poor village where people's livelihoods depended on mining.When she was my age,the air there was so polluted that even the green bamboo leaves on the mountains were shrouded in black coal dust.However,in the past decade,thing shave changed.With the mines closed,the environment has improved and the local people have found new ways to live.Many of our relatives there are now engaged in businesses such as selling tea and running a hostel,and one third of the local population lives ontourism-related services.Their experiences truly prove that"Green mountains are gold mountains.”The past decade has witnessed a momentous shift in China's development strategies toward respect and protection for nature,and we've undertaken the path toward green development and a more beautiful China.7years ago,for example,Beijing won its bid to host the 2022Winter Olympics and promised a greener Olympic Games;and7 months ago,we enjoyed the most eco-friendly and sustainable Olympic Games inhuman history.Shougang Park,where Aileen Gu amazed the world,had been transformed from an abandoned steel mill;Chongli, once an extremely poor county in Zhangjiakou,provided the stage for most of the snow events and officially eliminated poverty in2019.These Chinese contributions to world environmental efforts represent China's wisdom,setting a global example.6.According to the passage what does the author's mother like?7.Which of the following is NOT the present condition about the mother's hometown?8.What does the word“momentous”(in para.4)mean in the passage?A.necessaryB.very importantC.not importantD.just so so9.How does the mother learn about natural scenery and green environments?A.likeB.dislikeC.indifferent10.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?Passage3话题：残疾人俱乐部Lucky Club，说了举办时间、宗旨；俱乐部充满了自由和友爱，没有歧视，为残疾人带来幸福。

2002 年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试公共英语试卷PartI.Vocabulary and Structure (30 points).Directins:There are 30 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by choosing the most appropriate wod or words with a “”from the four choices marked a,b,c and d.1.What he said is worthy note.a.inb.ofc.tod.on2.The fonal examination will cover all tautht this term.a.what has beenb.that has beenc.that wasd.which has been3.I hope you can visit my country soon,because to show you some of the beartiful placesnear my home.a.I likeb.I'd likec.I will liked.I shall like4.It was not until she arrived in class realized she had forgotten her book.a.and sheb.when shec.shed.that she5.It was such a hot day that everyone swimming in the ruver.a.felt likeb.tended toc.made ford.tumed out6.I didn't know what to do bur then an idea suddenly to me.a.happenedb.enteredc.occurredd.dit7.It's time the dog how to behave properly.a.is learningb.learnsc.learnedd.to learn8.Why don't you bring his attention that you're too ill to go on working?a.that tob.this onc.it tod.one as9.Although he is talkative, he is to tell us anything about his family.a.wilingb.reluctantc.alertplacent10.When I asked what he liked to take, he saida.he preferred beefsteakmore that any other meatb.he preferred beefsteakmore to any other meatc.he preferred beefsteakmore better that any other meatd.he preferred beefsteakmore to any meat11.I'm of what he is going to do.a.voidposedc.ignorantd.cautious12.We are aware that ,the situation will get worse.a.if not dealing with carefullyb.if dealt not carefully withc.if not carefully dealt withd.if not carefully dealing with13.Under the dim light, she could only see the house number .a.instincivelyb.slightlyc.uneasilyd.vaguely14.Mr.Smith is too busy to spareany time, Sunday afternoon.a.only inb.except forc.unless ond.except on15.I had a lot of trouble the car this morning.a.to get,startedb.to get,startingc.getting,startedd.getting,starting16. the fact that I don't like my job,I must work very hard.a.In spite ofb.Instead foc.As tod.Incase of17.He says till eleven o'clock vevery morning.a.in bedb.in a bedc.in the bedd.on the bed18. , we missed our plane.a.The train being lateb.To be latec.The train is being lated.The train which is late19.The exam will be on the first half of the book. That means we'll have to finish .a.fifteenth chapterb.fifteen chapterc.chapter fifteend.chapter fifteenth20.It is requested that the rent for the house in advance.a.will have to be paidb.has to be paidc.should have to be paidd.should be paid21.I didn't go to his party last night, because ,I changed my mind.a.on a second thoughtb.by second thoughtsc.on second thoughtsd.on the second thought22.We have all learned a lot from the .a.three month's training courseb.three-month training coursec.three-month-training coursed.three-month's training course23.By the time you get to the Greenwich you the most historic parts of London.a.will be seeingb.wil seec.are going to seed.will have seen24.He is said two trips to China in the last two years.a.to be makingb.to makec.to have maded.to have been making25.Jack can never find his textbook,his tape, .a.calculator and homeworkb.his calculator and homework.c.calculator and his homeworkd.his calculator and his homework26.Michael is home after a year in Germany. He looks just before.a.same likeb.as same asc.the samed.the same as27.The forst three of the five chapters in the book very easy ,but the rest difficult.a.is,areb.are,isc.was,wered.were,were28. he would have come to class.a.If Mike is able to finish his homework,b.Would Mike be able to finish his homework,c.If Mike coukd finish his homework,d.I Mike had been able to finish is homework,29.You me because Ididn't say that.a.must misunderstandb.must be understandingc.must have understoodd.had to misunderstand30.I'd just as soon those important papers with you.a.that you won't takeb.your not takingc.please don't you taked.you didn't takePart II Reading Comprehension(50 points)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four ishen statements. For each of them there are four choices marked a,b,c,and d.Choose the ONE correct answer with a“”Passage 1Australia'spoprlation passed 18 million for the first time in March this year.But as Australia grows, environment groups yesterday urged the govern-ment to develop a national population policy to avoid severe environmental degradation(恶化).Australian Bureau of Statistics(ABS)reserarch shows the birth or arrival of 68,700 new Australians in the year to March pushed the population to 18,000,500. Victoria's population increased by 23,000 to 4.5 million by 2006 and 24 million by 2033.Australia reached its first million in 1858.While immigration was responsible for a large part of the population booms in the past, over the last five years new born made up 68 per rent of the 1 million increase in population.Australia has one of the lower population growth rates in the region,with New Zealand growing at 1.4 percent. Indonesia at 1.7 percent and PNG at 2 percent,ABS spokesman Mr.John Paice said.Australians for an Ecologically Sustainable Population；a group of 560 academics, scientists and public, yesterday urged the government to develop a sustainable population strategy to avoid further land and water degradation.National ALP president Barry Jones last year chaired a parliamentary inquiry into what population levels Australia could reach without risking serious pollution and degradation problems.Many of the opinions to the inquiry suggested a population limit of 17-23 million. The government was expected to respond to the Jones report by July, but did not.CSIRO research scientist Dr.Dong Cocks agreed the government needed to develop a population policy."With population size(in Australia)doubling every 40 to 50 years, we would need another couple of Melboumes and Sydneys by 2050,"Dr.Cocks said.Notes: ABS 澳大利亚统计局PNG 巴布亚新几内亚ALP 澳大利亚工党CSIRO 联邦科学--工业研究组织31.As population grows, environment experts may be concerned about all the followingexcept______.a.water resourcesb.food supplyingc.housingd.radioactive pollution32.From the passage we may infer that______.a.Victoria's population growth rate was higher than the average rateb.In the year to March,the new arrivals were more than new borns in Victoriac.Five years ago, new borns were more than new arrivals in Victoriad.Victoria's population always grew faster than that of any other state.33.Australia's population growth rate is .a.higher than 2 percentb.higher than 1.4 percent but lower than 1.7 percentc.higher than 1.7 percent but lower than 2 percentd.lower than 1.4 percent34.According to the ABS' forecast, by the year of 2006 Australia is population will increase.a.20 millionb.2 millionc.4 milliond.24 million35.Which of the following statements is true? .a.Australia is planning to build another Melbourne and Sydneyb.The Australian government has paid great attention to the pubic opinion about population controlc.The Australian government has developed a successful population policyd.At present, the environmental problems in Australia are not very serious yetPassage 2Learn More in Five Days Than Some Managers Learn in Forty Weeks Interpersonal Skills for Senior Managers People management skills are the most important skills a manager can develop. What differentiates the leader from a manager that the leader has acquitted not just the technical and strategic skills but has the interpersonal skills to make things happen.No doubt on your way up through the ranks, you have come across managers who------while they may be very good at other aspects of their job------are decidedly lacking in interpersonal skills. And you know, and they have been told, that their future will be affected greatly by this lack of human skills.This program is totally devoted to developing those managerial skills in people on their way to the top. It covers motivating, assessing, rewarding, leading and developing people. Very simple models of interpersonal relationships are used to focus attention on understanding one's own behavior, its impact on others, understanding the goals of others and integrating a group into a winning team.Professor John Hunt, Program Director, deliberately limits the number of people on this program to guarantee personal attention between tutors and participants. To match the content precisely to your needs, we ask you to do some pre-course work which includes a survey of those who work with you. This data is linked to our own large databank on how effective managers operate. We then work with you to develop your own specific goals as a manager.36.How long is the course program? .a.Five daysb.Ten weeksc.Forty weeksd.Not mentioned37.The course is intended for managers who .a.want to strengthen their leadershipb.want to improve their strategic and technical skillsck managerial skills in generalck human management skills38.Some managers will not be promoted simply because .a.they are lacking in management strategiesb.they are not good at interpersonal skillsc.they cannot improve their technical skillsd.they cannot go up through the ranks39.What is not true of a leader? .a.He understands the impact of his own behaviorb.He understands the goals of other peoplec.He understands his attention on other people's behaviord.He knows how to motivate people40.According to the last paragraph, which of the following is true? .a.Tutors will make a survey of the participantsb.The participants will finish a survey as a course projectc.The number of participants is restrictedd.Effective managers will present lectures for participantsPassage 3Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave,25 feet high and 500 feet long it face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent,affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms(600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as a day without a breath of wind.41.According to the passage ,destruction caused by high waves occurs .a.regularlyb.rarelyc.alwaysd.predictably42.We know from this passage that our at sea. when waves going in opposite directions meet. Their forcea.causes great damageb.is liable to lessenc.extends to the ocean floord.increase rapidly43.It's clear from the passage that coastal deptha.is the only factor influencing the strength of high wavesb.influences the power of high wavesc.has no influence upon the strength of very high wavesd.is irrelevant to the question of the power of high waves44.From the second paragraph of the passage we know that the power of very high waves striking theshore is .a.constantb.equalizedc.variabled.perpetual45.From your reading of the passage, which of the following is true?a.At a depth of 1200 feet the effects of a violent surface storm are frightfulb.A submarine commander navigating his vessel at a depth of 700 feet will not be affected by araging surface stormc.A typhoon 500 miles out at sea can stir up the ocean floord.If high waves can strike the shore with a horizontal force of 75 million pounds, the vertical force of such waves can have an even greater effect upon the floorPassage 4Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life's essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite on the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1997 and 1983,the latest years for which figures and available, the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33 percent---from 8.8 million to 11.7 million----according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.For those who feel pain or guilt about not eating breakfast however, there is some good news.Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. "Gong without breakfast does not affect performance." Said Arnold E.Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London." nor does giving people breakfast improve performance."Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and mst of the recent work involves children, not adults. "The literature," says one researcher, Dr.Ernesto Poillit at the University of Texas," is poor."46.The passage is mainly concerned with _______a.a study of the Chicago-based Market Research Corporationb.one of life's essentialsc.atest figures of people who don't eat breakfastd.breakfast and human health47.For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that ______a.several studies have been done in the past few yearsb.not eating breakfast does no harm to one's healthc.adults have especially made studies in this fieldd.eating little in the morning may be good for health48.In the third paragraph "nor does giving people breakfast improve performance." means _______a.anyone without breakfast does improve his performanceb.not giving people breakfast improves performancec.people having breakfast do improve their performanced.having breakfast does not improve performance, either49.The word "literature" in the last sentence refersto ______a.stories about breakfastb.written works on a particular subjectc.any particular materialsd.the modern novels of American50.What is building but NOT stated by the health of children.a.not eating breakfast might affect performanceb.breakfast does not affect performancec.Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in Londond.people who don't eat breakfast have increasedPart III.Part of Speech(20 points)Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in brackets.51.(profit）Collecting stamps can be more than a hobby. It can be a _____________ business.52.(expect)There was an ___________ two-hour delay because of the bad weather.53.(instinct)The fact that many people have an _________ dread of snakes puzzles scientists.54.(lead)Attracted by a _________ advertisement in the newspaper, a great number of peoplebought the new brand of wine and became seriously sick.55.(observe)After two months' careful ________ the two scientists came to quite differentconclusions.56.(fair)Though he felt it ________ to punish only him, he could do nothing about it.57.(origin)My ________ plan was to become a scientist but I didn't succeed.58.(energy)An ________ effort on the part of all members will ensure the success of our plan.59.(rich)Many foreign works and phrased have _______the English language.60.(like)I have a ________ for studying and would rather play football.Part IV.Short Answer Questions(20 points)Directions: Read the following passage. Then give brief answers to the 5 questions below it.In everyday usage 'hot' means 'having a lot of heat.' Many people think that 'cold' is something completely separated from heat. But this is not true. 'cold' simply means 'having very little heat.'Your life depends on heat. In fact, every living thing depends on it. Without heat, every living thing would be frozen to death. All living things get their heat from the sun, which provides the conditions in which life is possible.Since before the dawn of history, man has been able to make his own heat. He has been able to release the sun's heat that is trapped in things such as wood, coal, and oil. And he has been able to use this heat.Heat has made civilization possible. With heat, man could melt metals. As man learned to use metals and fuels, industries grew. As a result, engines were invented. These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy. Engine can do the work of many men. Without engines industrial civilization is impossible.Yet when the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. "What is it?" they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer.61.What does "hot" mean in everyday usage?________________________________________________62."Your life depends on heat." What does the sentence mean?___________________________________________________63.Where can man get heat?__________________________________________________64.What started industrial civilization?___________________________________________________65.When did man find the nature of heat?__________________________________________________PartV.Writing(30point)Directions: For this part you are supposed to write a composition about STAYING HEALTHY in several paragraphs. Use the words and expressions given below. You are given the opening of the composition should be about to words.Useful words and expression1.need, care, in good health, right, foods ,enough sleep, exercise, regularly2.proper nutrition ,avoid ,high protein foods ,vegetable ,fruits3.finally ,exercise, improve ,heart and lungs, prevent ,gain weightStaying HealthyGood health is the most valuable possession a person can have----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2002年河南省专升本公共英语真题参考答案1-5 CBBDA 6-10 CCCBB 11-15 CCDBC 16-20 AAACD21-25CBDCB 26-30 DADAD 31-35DABBD 36-40ADBCC41-45BBBCB 46-50DBDAA51.profitable 52.unexpected 53.instinctive 54.leading 55.unfair 56.original 57.energetic 58.enriched 59.dislike 60.dislike61.“Hot” mean having a lot of Heat62.Heat provides theconditions which life is possible63.From the sun64.engineers65.The early years of the 19th centhry作文（略）。