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社会科学研究方法与论文写作智慧树知到期末考试答案章节题库2024年北京第二外国语学院1.What are key components of research design? （）答案:Timeframe.###Sampling Strategy.###Data Collection Methods.2.The following aspects of informed consent that are essential in researchethics include （）.答案:Researchers explaining potential risks andbenefits.###Participants being allowed to withdraw from the study.3.When should all authors be included in the in-text citation, according to theAPA style? （）答案:When there are two authors.###When there are three to fiveauthors.4.What are some essential tips for writing an effective abstract? （）答案:Use keywords###Emphasize points differently from thepaper.###Use passive verbs5.Which statements are suggested solutions for improving the Methodologysection? （）答案:Eliminate the use of first-person pronouns.###Provide a clearrationale for the chosen methods.6.What's the difference between methodology and method? （）答案:Methodology encompasses the broader theoretical framework and guiding philosophy of the research process.###Methods encompass the specific techniques and procedures employed for data collection andanalysis.###Methodology is presented as a distinct section in aresearch thesis, explaining the overall approach and rationale.7.What are the downsides of mere listing in a literature review? （）答案:It does not present themes or identify trends.###It often indicatesa lack of critical synthesis.8.The common problems to be aware of in thesis writing include（）.答案:Excessive reliance on qualitative data###Lack of theoreticalsupport###Failure to integrate theory and practice.###Misuse of tense ponents that are typically embedded in the structure of an academicpaper, especially the journal article, include （）答案:Introduction###Results and Discussion10.Which of the following examples are misconducts? （）答案:Facilitating academic dishonesty.###Unauthorizedcollaboration###Misuse of Patients11.What are the three main elements of a definition, as mentioned in the lecture?（）答案:Term, Category, and Features.12.In the Methods section, why is it important to detail the tools or materials fordata collection? （）答案:To explain how instruments to be used to answer researchquestions.13.Which is the method suggested to avoid plagiarism when summarizinginformation from sources? （）答案:Summarize immediately after reading without referring back tothe source.14.The purpose of control variables in research is （）.答案:To keep certain factors constant and prevent them frominfluencing the dependent variable.15.What is the purpose of using sampling techniques in research? （）答案:To draw conclusions about the population based on data collected from the sample.16.According to Wallwork’s tips for the final check, what is one way to ensureyour paper is as good as possible before submission? （）答案:Anticipate referees’ comments.17.What does external validity assess? （）答案:The extent to which research findings can be applied orgeneralized to other situations and populations.18.Which of the following expressions are correctly used in the Methods Section?（）答案:"We conducted the experiment in a controlled environment."19.Which of the following is NOT a recommended guideline for using tables in aresearch paper? （）答案:Using as many tables as possible to provide comprehensiveinformation.20.What does a structured abstract typically include to make it more readable?（）答案:Eye-catching font for the title21.What is the main function of the preparation stage in writing a literaturereview? （）答案:To locate relevant literature and prepare for writing.22.The primary focus of academic integrity is （）.答案:Fostering honesty and responsible behavior.23.The act of using someone else’s ideas and writings as your own can beconsidered as （）.答案:Plagiarism24.Which step is NOT part of the suggested three-step approach for revisingyour paper? （）答案:Rewrite the entire paper.25.Which is not the reason for an overly broad title being problematic? （）答案:It encourages depth in the study.26. A good thesis or dissertation should tell the reader not just “what I havedone,” but “why what I have done matters.” （）答案:对27.Coherence in academic writing refers to the clarity of the thesis statementand the organization of the paper. （）答案:对28.The research methods section helps readers and reviewers gauge thetransparency, validity, and reliability of the research. （）答案:对29.Research papers are published to share new, original results and ideas withthe academic community. （）答案:对30.Relying solely on secondary sources ensures the originality of researchfindings. （）答案:错31.In introduction writing, it is recommended to delve into an exhaustive reviewof the entire field to provide comprehensive context. （）答案:错32.The Background Method in introduction writing kicks off by presenting aproblem and then addressing the solution. （）答案:错33.Multiculturalism seeks to enhance the self-esteem and identities ofmarginalized groups. （）答案:对34. A Doctoral-level literature review is typically less comprehensive than aMaster's-level literature review. （）答案:错35."Hoaxing" involves deliberately publishing false information with theintention of deceiving others. （）答案:对36.Reflecting on the research process at the end is essential for evaluating itsstrengths and limitations. （）答案:对37. A well-crafted title should engage a wide audience effectively. （）答案:对38.In order to avoid plagiarism, it is suggested to avoid citing references. （）答案:错39.Predicting difficulties and providing countermeasures in a research proposalis essential to show the depth of thinking and enlist expected guidance. （）答案:对40.Conducting a literature review is not necessary when selecting a researchtitle. （）答案:错41.What can authors do to ensure a timely publication in a journal that reviewspapers for job hunting purposes?（）答案:Submit the manuscript without checking for errors###Seekinformation from editors about review times###Be efficient in making revisions42.When preparing a manuscript for publication, it is crucial to focus on ethicalstandards.（）答案:对43.Why do researchers want to publish their papers?（）答案:To share new results and ideas44.How can you identify an appropriate journal for publication? （）答案:Look for journals that publish work similar to your research.45.The editor-in-chief makes the final decision on whether a submitted paper isaccepted or rejected in the review process.（）答案:对ing cut and paste extensively is recommended during the final check tosave time.（）答案:错47.Exchanging texts with another student for proofreading is encouraged to findcareless errors in your own work.（）答案:对48.What is the key idea that should be remembered by the audience from yourtalk？（）答案:The key idea of your research49.Why is it important to avoid errors that may distort meaning in your writtenwork? （）答案:To enhance the quality of your writing###To ensure clarity ofcommunication50.What is the main purpose of doing a presentation?（）答案:To engage, excite, and provoke the audience51.Making academic writing more tentative involves avoiding over-generalizations and using linguistic hedges and tentative phrases.（）答案:对52.What is the purpose of the checklist questions provided for paper revision?（）答案:To help improve the writing53.Which of the following are strategies for achieving cohesion in academicwriting? （）答案:Organizing the paper logically###Using transitional words andphrases###Employing reference words54.Redundancy and colloquialisms are considered desirable features ofconciseness in academic writing. （）答案:错55.What should you do when revising your paper writing to improve clarity andspecificity? （）答案:Be self-contained56.What are the characteristics of informative abstracts? （）答案:They may replace the need for reading the full paper###Theycommunicate specific information about the paper###They provide aconcise summary of the paper’s content57.Structured abstracts may have clear subheadings to mark different sections.（）答案:对58.What is the recommended maximum word limit for a conference abstract?（）答案:250 words59.Which tense is often used when writing an abstract? （）答案:Present tense60.The primary purpose of an informative abstract is to indicate the subjectsdealt with in a paper. （）答案:错61.What are some reasons for using citations in academic writing? （）答案:To show you are a member of a particular disciplinarycommunity###To acknowledge the intellectual property rights ofauthors###To avoid plagiarism62.Self-plagiarism is not considered an ethical concern in academic writing.（）答案:错63.What is the primary purpose of citation in academic writing? （）答案:To acknowledge the intellectual property rights of authors64.What is self-plagiarism? （）答案:Presenting one's own previously published work as new65.All sources cited in the text must be documented in the References section.（）答案:对66.Which type of conclusion is more common in research papers and theses andfocuses on summarizing research outcomes and aligning them with the initial thesis? （）答案:Thesis-oriented Conclusion67.What are the four sections typically found in the Conclusion section of aresearch paper, according to the material? （）答案:Summary of findings, implications, limitations, further studies68.What is one of the purposes of the conclusions chapter? （）答案:To forestall criticisms by identifying limitations of the research69.Which of the following are types of conclusions discussed in the material? （）答案:Summary type###Field-oriented conclusion###Evaluation type of conclusion###Recommendation type of conclusion70.The conclusion section in academic papers typically follows a uniformstructure across all disciplines.（）答案:错71.What is one of the purposes of making comparisons with previous studies inacademic writing? （）答案:To justify the methods or procedures followed72.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common type of graphicalfigure in the material? （）答案:Map illustrations73.What can we do in demonstrating our research results in paper? （）答案:Use figures and tables to summarize data###Show the results ofstatistical analysis74.In which field are Qualitative Research methods often used?（）答案:Liberal Arts and Social Sciences75.What factors should be considered when choosing research methods for athesis? （）答案:Traditional approaches.###Research questions andobjectives.###Nature of the subject matter.76.What does "Research Design" refer to in the research process?（）答案:The overall plan guiding the research study.77.All the following moves are included in the method section except （）.答案:Describing the commonly used methods in certain field.78.The research methods section in a thesis is often presented as a distinctsection, separate from the literature review.（）答案:对79.What are the two core abilities essential for writing an effective literaturereview? （）答案:Information seeking and critical appraisal.80.Where can a literature review be placed in a research paper or thesis? （）答案:In different places depending on research goals and fieldconventions.81.Which type of literature review focuses on organizing literature aroundspecific research questions?（）答案:Question-oriented review.82.The purpose of creating a visual representation, such as a literature map, isto replace the need for drafting concise summaries.（）答案:错83.What are the recommended tenses to use when discussing the content of thesources in a literature review? （）答案:Simple Past.###Present Perfect.###Simple Present.84.What is the role of the Problem Statement in the Introduction? （）答案:Justify the importance of the research.85.Which is NOT one of the three methods could be used to write anintroduction? （）答案:Reference Method86.The location and structure of the introduction are standardized across alltypes of research theses. （）答案:错87.In Metadiscourse research, what is the recommended way for a researcher torefer to themselves in the introduction?（）答案:Refer to themselves as "this thesis" or a specific section.88.What are the key elements included in Move 2 of the "Create a ResearchSpace" (CARS) framework?（）答案:Identifying gaps in prior research.###Indicating a gap.89.What role do Research Grant Proposals play?（）答案:Both securing financial support and convincing funding agencies.90.What questions does a research proposal eloquently answer? （）答案:How are you going to do it?###What do you plan toaccomplish?###Why do you want to do it?91.The "Aims/Purposes" section in a research proposal outlines the centralissues to be tackled in the study. （）答案:对92.To whom is a research proposal usually submitted for approval and support?（）答案:Funding agencies, academic institutions, or research supervisors.93.What is the purpose of predicting difficulties and providing countermeasuresin the research proposal?（）答案:To show the depth of thinking and enlist expected guidance.94.The recency of sources is crucial in research, and older sources are alwayspreferred for their depth.（）答案:错95.Which database is specifically mentioned for searching Master's and DoctoralDissertations? （）答案:CNKI96.When conducting a critique of a study, what should be considered about themethods used?（）答案:The validity for studying the problem.97.What is the primary characteristic of primary sources in research materialcollection? （）答案:They offer synthesized information from various perspectives. 98.What are common approaches to collecting primary source materialsmentioned in the lecture? （）答案:Surveys and questionnaires###Controlled experiments###One-on-one interviews99.What are potential mistakes in the title selection process? （）答案:Having unclear titles that do not convey the subjectmatter.###Using contemporary language to make the title appearoutdated.100.How does the researcher balance the focus of a research title?（）答案:By clearly defining the scope of the study.101.What is the purpose of conducting a comprehensive literature review in the title selection process? （）答案:To identify gaps, controversies, or areas requiring furtherexploration.102.An overly narrow title might limit the potential impact and relevance of the research. （）答案:对103.What is the significance of a well-chosen title? （）答案:It significantly enhances the academic value of the work.104.What are key characteristics of deconstruction in literary theory? （）答案:Highlighting textual undecidability and paradoxes.###Challenging traditional assumptions about language and meaning.###Questioning binary oppositions.105.What distinguishes quantitative data from qualitative data in research? （）答案:Quantitative data are numerical, while qualitative data can bedescribed in words.106.What is the primary goal of case studies in applied linguistics? （）答案:To enhance understanding of a phenomenon, process, person, or group.107.Case studies use a single data source, such as interviews, to explore particular phenomena. （）答案:错108.What are the three types of cultural studies? （）答案:New historicism, postcolonialism, American multiculturalism. 109.The dependent variable in a study investigating the effects of different study methods on exam performance is （）.答案:Exam performance110.What role does a moderating variable play in a research study? （）.答案:It influences the strength or direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables.111.External validity assesses the extent to which research findings can be applied to populations, settings, or conditions beyond the specific study. （）答案:对112.How does deduction differ from induction in research? （）答案:Deduction is the process of reasoning from general principles tospecific predictions.113.The purposes of research include （）答案:Solving real-world problems###Testing existingtheories###Meeting graduation requirements###Advancingknowledge114.The potential academic consequences for students who engage in academic dishonesty include （）.答案:Monetary fines、Academic suspension and Expulsion from theInstitute115.The three key principles that experimental researchers need to carefully consider and implement before, during and after recruiting researchparticipants are （）.答案:Anonymity###Informed consent###Confidentiality116.It is unethical to conduct research which is badly planned or poorly executed.（）答案:对117.The primary focus of academic integrity in the context of research ethics is （）.答案:Fostering responsibility and trustworthiness in academic work 118.The pillars of academic integrity include all the aspects except （）答案:Excellence119.The primary purpose of literature reviews in research articles is （）.答案:To evaluate previously published material120.Methodological articles typically present highly technical materials, derivations, proofs, and details of simulations within the main body of thearticle. （）答案:对121.In a research article, many different sections can be found in empirical studies, including （）.答案:Method###Literature review###Introduction###Discussion 122.According to the lecture, which step in the procedures of thesis writing involves drafting a title and abstract? （）答案:Step 1: Choice of Topic123.The primary use of case studies is （）.答案:To illustrate a problem or shed light on research needs。
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas词汇预习·夯实基础Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意1. storytelling n. ____________2．wonderland n. ____________3．extent n. ____________4．epic adj. ____________5．cinematic adj. ____________6．turkey n. ____________7．fictional adj. ____________Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形1．________ adj.短暂的；简要的 n．摘要；大纲→briefly adv. 简要的；短暂的2．________ adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappoint v．使失望；使扫兴→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望；沮丧3．________ adj.原先的，最初的→originally adv.原先，最初→origin n．起源；出身，血统Ⅲ.短语互译1．____________ live up to2．____________ to some extent3．____________ result from4．____________ describe... as...5．____________ escape from6．____________ take... for example7．____________ with this in mind8．____________ in one's own right9．____________ stand out10．____________ 描述预习验收·对接课堂Ⅰ.单词拼写1．At the beginning of the class, the teacher gave us a ________ (简短的) introduction about storytelling.2．Please download the ________(原始的) version of the software.3．She believed that the child would behave himself,but she was ________(失望的) at his behaviour.4．In my heart, I feel that her absence is absolutely ________ (正常的).5．On this occasion,T om________(逃离)from his post,which made everyone awkward.6．T o some ________ (程度), she should take responsibility for the accident.7．The absence of the chairman made us disappointed and ________ (尴尬的).8．________ (虚构的) characters are created by the author in this comedy.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．All too often,great words in a book end up________(turn)into cinematic “turkeys”．2．Would you please ________ (brief) introduce your arrangements to us?3．He admitted that he had made an effort to escape ________ (punish).4．________(normal),the transport system in Paris carries950，000 passengers a day.5．Everyone complained about your rude ________ (behave).6．If you had a brief look at the books, the movies ________ (base) on them would have anyone questioning this common saying.7．We are extremely ________ (disappoint) at his rude behaviour.8．The film was based on a fictional story and met with ________ (mix) reviews from the audience.9．If you have to make a choice ________ novel and poetry, which one doyou prefer?10．He lost his job and, ________ top of that, his wallet disappeared.Ⅲ.重点句型1．find＋宾语＋宾补也许有一天，F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最受推崇的作品的读者们会发现，自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧情牢牢地吸引住了。
XLM论⽂原理解析1. 前⾔近⼀年来，NLP领域发展势头强劲，从ELMO到LSTM再到去年最⽜叉的Google Bert，在今年年初，Facebook⼜推出了模型，在跨语⾔预训练领域表现抢眼。
实验结果显⽰在XNLI任务上⽐原来的state-of-the-art直接⾼了4.9个百分点；在⽆监督机器翻译WMT’16 German-English 中，⽐原来的state-of-the-art⾼了9个BLEU；在有监督的机器翻译WMT’16 Romanian-English中，⽐原来的state-of-the-art⾼了4个BLEU。
最近的研究已经证明了⽣成预训练对于英语⾃然语⾔理解的有效性。
在这项⼯作中，我们将这种⽅法扩展到多种语⾔并展⽰跨语⾔预训练的有效性。
我们提出了两种学习跨语⾔语⾔模型（）的⽅法：⼀种是⽆监督⽅式，只依赖于单语⾔数据，另⼀种是监督，利⽤新的跨语⾔语⾔模型⽬标来利⽤并⾏数据。
我们获得了关于跨语⾔分类，⾮监督和监督机器翻译的最新结果。
2. 介绍句⼦编码器的⽣成式预训练(Generative pretraining)已经使许多⾃然语⾔理解的 benchmark 取得了显著的进步。
在此背景下，Transformer 语⾔模型在⼤型⽆监督⽂本语料库上学习后，再针对具体的⾃然语⾔理解 (NLU) 任务进⾏微调，如分类或⾃然语⾔推理。
尽管⽬前研究⼈员对学习通⽤句⼦表⽰的兴趣激增，但该领域的研究基本上都是集中在英语 Benchmark上。
学习和评估多语⾔的跨语⾔句⼦表⽰的最新进展，旨在减轻以英语为中⼼的偏见，并提出可以构建通⽤的跨语⾔编码器，将任何句⼦编码到共享嵌⼊空间中。
在本⽂的⼯作中，证明了跨语⾔模型预训练在多个跨语⾔理解(XLU)benchmark 上的有效性。
具体来说，本⽂⼯作有以下贡献：提出了⼀种新的⽆监督⽅法。
使⽤跨语⾔语⾔建模来学习跨语⾔表⽰，并研究了两种单语预训练的⽬标函数。
提出⼀个新的监督学习⽬标。
2019新人教高中英语选择性必修三Unit 2 Healthy LifestyleReading and Thinking 公开课教案Teaching aims:1.Enable students to discover the elements of the habit cycle and understand how the habit cycle works.2.Guide students to explore the textual pattern and the writing skills of the text.3.Help students to build up the confidence and ability to develop good health habits.Teaching key points:1.Lead students to develop good habits using the habit cycle.2.Help students master the problem-solution pattern and writing skills of the text.Teaching difficult points:1.Enable students to figure out the textual pattern.2.Lead students to understand how the habit cycle works.Teaching procedures:StepⅠLead-inShow some pictures to the students and ask them questions.1.What kind of lifestyle do you lead?2.Do you have any unhealthy and bad habits? What are they?3.Are bad habits easy to change?Why or why not?Suggested answers:1.I lead a healthy/an unhealthy lifestyle.2.Unhealthy habits include eating junk food, playing too much on your computer or phone,not doing enough exercise and staying up late,etc.3.Bad habits are hard to change because we are usually doing something we really like,but we are ding it too much.StepⅠWhile-readingActivity1 PredictionLook at the title and the picture on page 14 and answer these questions.1.What are the key words in the title?_____________________________________________2.What may the genre(体裁) of the text be?A.Narration(记叙文).B.Exposition(说明文).C.Argumentation(议论文).Suggested answers:1.Habits;Healthy2.BActivity 2 Read for the text organisation and the main idea.1.Scan the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 A.How to change a bad habit and create good onesPara.2 B.The cycle of how habits are formedPara.3 C.Changing habits graduallyPara.4 D.No easy way to change bad habitsPara.5 E.What a habit isPara.6 F.Why bad teenage habits should be changed2.Identify the textual pattern and write information from passage into the graphic organiser.Suggested answers:1.FEBACD2.Why bad teenage habits should be changed;What a habit is and how to change bad habits;No easy way to change bad habits;Problem-solution.Activity 3 Read for detailed information.1.Read paragraph 1 and answer the questions.(1)Why bad habits should be changed?____________________________________________________(2)What should teenagers do with bad habits?_____________________________________________________2.Read paragraphs 2—5 and answer the questions.(1)How can a choice lead to a habit?Show the process in a diagram._____________________________________________________(2)What ’re the three stages of the habit cycle?______________________________________________________(3)What should we do to change a bad habit?Give an example by filling in the following table.The habit cycle Bad habit New habit Cue feel unhappy feel unhappyRoutineReward feel happier but it’s not healthy(4)How can a person use discipline to help change a bad habit?______________________________________________________Suggested answers:1.(1)Because if left unchecked,the bad habits could lead to more serious ones.(2)They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.2.(1)A choice can lead to a habit if we make the same choice over and over again.(2)The three stages of the habit cycle are the cue,routine,and reward.(3)To change a bad habit,we should examine our habit cycles and then try toadapt them.The habit cycle Bad habit New habit Cue feel unhappy feel unhappyRoutine eat lots of unhealthysnackslisten to some musicReward feel happier but it’snot healthyfeel relaxed(4)A person can use discipline to change a bad habit by taking many small steps to reach the goal of change.Activity 4 Analyse the writing techniques.1.How does the writer explain his opinion in this paragraph?_______________________________________________________2.What is the purpose of writing the passage?_______________________________________________________3.Who is the passage written for?________________________________________________Suggested answers:1.By giving examples,giving definition and using direct quotes.2.The writing purpose is to tell the teenagers to live a healthy life full of good habits.3.This passage is designed for teenagers.StepⅠ Post-readingWork in groups and complete the tasks.1.Think of one bad habit and write down the cue,routine,and reward.Then come up with an idea of how to break the bad habit.2.Do you know any alternative ways to better habits?Discuss with your partner which way you think is the most effective.Suggested answers:1.CUE:Boredom/Waiting/Being anxious.ROUTINE:Biting nails.REWARD:Stress relief/Distraction.Break the habit:Chew gum,get a stress ball or fidget spinner to hold,wear gloves or stickers on your nails.2.Alternative ways to better habits:Tell someone else what you want to change.Peer pressure from someone else will help.Fine yourself.Every time you do the bad habit,put a small amount of money in a box.Make it harder to do the habit.For example,hide your favourite apps on your phone so it is more of a hassle to get to them.Change your environment.If the habit happens in certain places or with certain people,avoid them!。
2025年教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力自测试题及解答参考一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、In the following sentence, which option should fill in the blank to make it grammatically correct and meaningful: “She___an important document to the meeting.”A. bringB. broughtC. bringsD. has broughtAnswer: B. brought解析: 该句中需要的是过去时态，因此选择B. brought。
2、Which of the following is NOT a part of the 5C framework in English teaching?A. CommunicationB. CultureC. CooperationD. ContinuationAnswer: D. Continuation解析: 5C框架包括Communication（交流）、Culture（文化）、Cognition（认知）、Comprehension（理解）和Cohesion（连贯性），而Continuation并不是5C框架的一部分。
3、The present perfect tense is best used to describe an action that:A) Happens frequentlyB) Has just occurred or recently happenedC) Will occur in the futureD) Is in the process of happeningAnswer: B解析：Present perfect tense (has/have + past participle)通常用于描述一个刚发生或最近发生的动作，它强调的是动作的完成及其对现在的影响。
Guided Teaching with Learning PlanUnit 6 Space and beyondPeriod 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas导学案1. To learn new words and expressions for reading and writing in this period .2. To develop the reading ability by analyzing the passage themed “Eyes upon the night ”.3. To pare and explain the features of the two passages in this unit reflecting the spirit of exploration.4. To develop the writing ability by writing a journey entry about living in space.1. To have a better understanding the theme of this unit and develop their the spirit of space exploration.2. To learn how to write a journey entry about living in space with the writing help.3. To prepare and share a short presentation of an next imagined Voyager mission.Key words and expressions for Period One1 telescope 10 straightforward2 the naked eye 11 selfdiscipline3 angle 12 fetch4 galaxy 13 muscle5 cosmic 14 pepper6 conceivably 15 sneeze7 subatomic 16 disc8 particle 17 interior9 invisible 18 earthbasedStep 1 Before readingActivity 1 & Activity 21. Look at the images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and match them to their nicknames.1. The Pillars of CreationA.2. The HorseheadB.3. The Cat’s EyeC.2. Look at the title of the passage and predict what “eyes” refers to.Step 2 Fast readingSkim the text and answer the following questions.1. In ancient China, how did people understand the night sky?2. When did human’s power to see the sky start changing dramatically?3. What did the Hubble Space Telescope help people do when it was launched in 1990? Step 3 Further reading Activity 31. The structure of the text and the theme2. plete the timelineStep 4 Post reading:1. Why do you think people have always been interested in the stars?2. Which development in astronomy mentioned in the passage has made the greatest impression on you?3. In what different ways do the two reading passage in this unit reflect the spirit of exploration?Activity 4Give a talk about the quote:Step 5 Before writingActivity 51. Read the passage on Page 71 and answer the questions.①What is the main reason why everyday tasks are less simple in space?②Why is it important for astronauts to exercise regularly?③What else do you know about life on a spacecraft?2. Help the students know more about the writing content and master useful expressions about the topic. Step 6 WritingActivity 6 & Activity 71. Write a passage about life that you imagine being on board a spacecraft.2. Work in pairs. Polish each other’s journal entries and share them with the class.Step 7 Presenting ideasActivity 11. Read the news report and find out what the Voyager 1 spacecraft took into space.Activity 2, Activity 3 & Activity 42. Ask students to decide which three things would be put on a disc to be set up on the next flight mission.3. Discuss and prepare a short presentation about what will be on a final list.Step 8 Language appreciation1. ... increasing as it did the power of the human eye and enabling us to understand that the universe is farlarger than was previously imaginable.[句式分析]as it did the power of the human eye是由as引导的状语从句，其中助动词did代替实意动词________________; 比较连词than连接的状语从句省略了主语the universe,其完全形式为“_________________________________________. ”[尝试翻译] ____________________________________________________________________。
管理岗英语测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of management?A. PlanningB. OrganizingC. ControllingD. Manufacturing2. The process of management includes:A. Planning, Organizing, Leading, ControllingB. Planning, Organizing, Controlling, LeadingC. Organizing, Leading, Controlling, PlanningD. Controlling, Planning, Organizing, Leading3. According to the principles of effective communication, which of the following statements is incorrect?A. Communication should be clear and concise.B. Communication should be done in a timely manner.C. Feedback is not necessary in communication.D. Communication should be two-way.4. The primary goal of a business is:A. ProfitB. Market shareC. Customer satisfactionD. Employee welfare5. In the context of management, which of the following is considered a resource?A. MoneyB. TimeC. InformationD. All of the above6. What is the main purpose of strategic planning?A. To increase market shareB. To reduce costsC. To determine the long-term goals and actions of an organizationD. To improve employee morale7. Which of the following is an example of a contingency plan?A. A budget for the next fiscal yearB. A marketing strategy for a new productC. A plan to handle a potential crisisD. A schedule for a company retreat8. The term "SWOT analysis" stands for:A. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, ThreatsB. Skills, Workforce, Opportunities, TacticsC. Systems, Workflow, Objectives, TechnologyD. Special, Weak, Opportunities, Threats9. In management, what does the acronym "SMART" stand forwhen setting goals?A. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-boundB. Simple, Measurable, Accurate, Realistic, TimelyC. Significant, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-sensitiveD. Specific, Manageable, Agreed, Realistic, Timely10. Which of the following is a key principle of effective delegation?A. The manager should do all the work.B. The manager should not delegate tasks.C. The manager should delegate tasks to the most qualified person.D. The manager should delegate tasks without providing guidance.答案：1. D2. A3. C4. A5. D6. C7. C8. A9. A10. C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The four basic functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and _______.12. In a management context, "TQM" stands for Total _______ Management.13. The process of setting goals, organizing, motivating, and controlling is known as the _______ theory of management.14. A _______ is a tool used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a business.15. The SMART criteria for setting goals ensure that thegoals are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and_______.16. The acronym "PDCA" stands for Plan, Do, Check, and_______.17. Effective communication in management involves both the sender and the receiver, and it should be _______ and _______.18. The process of delegating involves assigning tasks to others, providing the necessary authority, and ensuring_______.19. A _______ plan is a strategy prepared for dealing with potential risks or crises.20. The main objective of strategic planning is to align the organization's actions with its long-term _______.答案：11. controlling12. Quality13. Management14. SWOT analysis15. Time-bound16. Act17. Clear, Concise18. Accountability19. Contingency20. Objectives三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. What are the three main types of planning in management?22. Explain the importance of feedback in the communication process.23. What is the difference between leadership and management?24. Describe the steps involved in the decision-making process.答案：21. The three main types of planning in management are strategic planning, operational planning, and tactical planning.22. Feedback in the communication process is important because it confirms understanding, clarifies misunderstandings, and allows for adjustments to be made to improve the effectiveness of communication.23. Leadership is about influencing others to achieve goals, while management involves planning, organizing, and controlling resources to accomplish objectives.24. The steps involved in the decision-making process include identifying the problem, gathering information, developing alternatives, evaluating alternatives, making a decision。
