在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷12

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷1(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：4，分数：40.00)It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don"t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth"s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but "nice" isn"t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you"ll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. (345 words)（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should______.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask for the salary he hopes to get √解析：解析：本题属于简单推理题。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict. Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators. In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Griven the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions. (253 words)1．In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is______.A．wrongB．oversimplifiedC．misleadingD．unclear正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows______.A．the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB．the real value of conflictC．the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD．the complexity of defining the roles of conflict正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．We can learn from Schwenk’s research that______.A．a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization B．conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC．different people resolve conflicts in different waysD．it is impossible for people to avoid conflict正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations______.A．there is no end of conflictB．expression of different opinions is encouragedC．decisions must be justifiableD．success lies in general agreement正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．People working in a not-for-profit organization______.A．seem to be difficult to satisfyB．are free to express diverse opinionsC．are less effective in making decisionsD．find it easier to reach agreement正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship”to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent (慈善的) orthat consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction—the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled! (269 words)6．The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ______.A．the practice of turning goods into moneyB．making goods available for purchaseC．the customer-centered approachD．a form of persuasive salesmanship正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A．The needs of the market.B．The efficiency of production.C．The satisfaction of the user.D．The preferences of the dealer.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible”(Line 4, Para. 1) means “______”.A．to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB．to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC．to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD．to redesign these goods for large-scale production正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A．Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B．It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C．Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D．Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on______.A．its main characteristicB．its social impactC．its possible consequenceD．its theoretical basis正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves. “he says. “Resume (简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate,”Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,”says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco. “We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.”Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time. “says Garfield, “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. “ Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake. Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow. (271 words)11．According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected______.A．because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resumeB．because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resumeC．because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applicationsD．because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．The word “perfectionists” (Line l, Para. 3) refers to those who______.A．demand others to get everything absolutely rightB．know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstancesC．pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectivesD．are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?A．Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.B．Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.C．Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.D．Careless applicants are not to be trusted.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that______.A．minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectivesB．failure is the mother of successC．adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any workD．keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked 正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．The best title for this passage would be______.A．Don’t Be a PerfectionistB．Importance of AdjustmentsC．Details and Major ObjectivesD．Hard Work Plus Good Luck正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people”. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, “the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials (文凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. “The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an “integrated core” of common learning. Such a core would introduce students “to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. “Although the key to agood college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: “Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most. “Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculty say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that “There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. “ (320 words)16．When a college tries to be “all things to all people” (Lines 1~2, Para. 1) it aims to______.A．satisfy the needs of all kinds of students simultaneouslyB．focus on training students in various skillsC．encourage students to take as many courses as possibleD．make learning serve academic rather than productive ends正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．By saying that “in too many academic: fields, the work has no context”(Line 5, Para. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas______.A．ignores the actual situationB．is not based on the right perspectiveC．only focuses on an integrated core of common learningD．gives priority to the cultivation of a global vision among students正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that______.A．a narrow vocationalism has come to dominate many collegesB．students don’t have enough freedom in choosing what they want to learnC．skills are being taught as a means to an endD．students are only interested in obtaining credentials正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．American colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates because______.A．most of them lack high-quality facultiesB．the interests of most faculty members lie in researchC．there are not enough incentives for students to study hardD．they attach greater importance to research and publication than to teaching 正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．It can be inferred from the passage that high-quality college education calls forA．putting academic work in the proper contextB．a commitment to students and effective teachingC．the practice of putting learning to productive endsD．dedication to research in frontier areas of knowledge正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷11(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：5，分数：50.00)What you give your relatives, friends, husband, or wife can help you know yourself better. Also, what they give you can tell you something about their personality. Most gift-giving(and getting)shows nothing more than the spirit of love and friendship. But it is possible to form some associations between the kinds of things bought and the people buy them. Here is a guide to give what and why. The clothes you wear tell something about your personality. They tell the world not only how you want to be seen but how you see yourself as well. When someone gives you something to wear that agrees with your self-image, they"re saying, "I agree with you. I like the way you are. " Such a gift should be taken as a form of compliment. On the other hand, a gift of clothing that doesn"t match your personality could be an insult to your character. Making something by hand has become the exception in many countries today—so much so that giving a homemade gift is sometimes considered unusual. If you receive a homemade gift, you are lucky. It may not be made perfectly, but it will show a certain quality of love. People who give homemade gifts may be said to be very generous. They have given time and emotion, two important characteristics of being creative. A person who thinks of food when thinking of a gift is good example of what human warmth means. Whether you give a box of chocolates, a bag of oranges, or a ball of cheese, all carry the same message of comfort and support. People who give books as gifts either like reading or would like everyone to think they do. If you happen to receive a large, heavy book, its giver may be much more interested in the way things appear than in the way they actually are. Of course, reading is a way of feeling the emotions of another person and of learning new things. Giving a book can be a way of sharing a feeling or a newly learned meaning. The giver is probably trying to say to you what the book said to him.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph is written mainly to tell readers that______.（分数：2.00）A.the gifts you give can help you understand yourself betterB.the gifts you receive are helpful for you to know the personality of those who give themC.gifts can show friendship and loveD.there is a certain relationship between the kinds of gifts and the people who give them √解析：解析：这是一道段落大意题。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest—curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. (227 words)1．The passage mainly discusses______.A．a new way of highway speed controlB．a new pattern for painting highwaysC．a new approach to training driversD．a new type of optical illusion正确答案：A解析：本题属于主旨大意题。

[考研类试卷]在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编3一、英文阅读理解题0 To the people of ancient Egypt, life on earth was short. Life after death, however, was eternal. Therefore they built their tombs of stone and they took their possessions with them into another world.The more important the people, the greater the tomb. The Pharaohs were the rulers of the country and when they died they became gods. Many of their tombs remain, and some have become a wonder of the world.These are the pyramids.The purpose of these stone mountains was to protect the burial chamber from the weather and from thieves who might try to steal the gold, jewels and precious possessions placed there to accompany the dead ruler into eternal life.Their shape, with four triangular sides spreading from a single point, represented the rays of the sun. Their position on the west bank of the River Nile was where the sun set every day and where they believed it began its journey into the other world. All the burial grounds in ancient Egypt were on the west bank of the river.1 Why did the people of ancient Egypt build their tombs of stone?（A）Because they thought life on the earth was short, but life after death was eternal. （B）Because they wanted to bring all their possessions into another world.（C）Because they wanted to protect their possessions into another world.（D）All of the above.2 Where were these pyramids located?（A）Along the both banks of the Nile.（B）In another world.（C）Near the place where they lived.（D）On the west bank of the River Nile.3 Which of the following is NOT true?（A）Only the important people can have the tombs of stone.（B）The Pharaohs became gods after their death.（C）Thieves might steal the precious things placed in the tombs.（D）Some pyramids have become a wonder of the world.4 Whose tombs were the largest and the most impressive of all?（A）The tribe leaders' tombs.（B）The Pharaohs' tombs.（C）The tombs of those who built them.（D）The rulers' wives' tombs.5 In the last paragraph, the italicized "it" indicates______.（A）the sun（B）the river Nile（C）their position（D）a single point5 U. S. jeans maker Levi Strauss & Co. denied it was playing on consumer fears by launching a line of trousers fitted with "anti-radiation(防辐射)" pockets for mobile phones. The trousers, with a lining which the makers say shields(防护物)against radiation, are designed by Dockers, a brand name of Levi Strauss. "We are not implying in any way that mobile phones are dangerous. Our intention is not to cash in on consumerfears but provide the consumers with what they want," Levi's European communications manager Cedric Jungpeter said. The design was the fruit of extensive market research showing that the fashion conscious was also health conscious, Jungpeter said. "The debate is open. Although no study has proved mobile phones are harmful, no study has proved the contrary either. " He added. Worldwide studies into the possible dangers of mobile phones produce often conflicting conclusions. A recent one carried out by Australian researchers over a three-year period showed that radio emissions from mobile phones did not trigger the growth of tumors in mice, and therefore probably did not do so in humans either. And another Australian study concluded cellular phones could foster tumor growth. Swedish research published recently concluded that long-term users of first generation mobile phones faced an up to 80 percent greater risk of developing brain tumors than non-users. But a Danish study last year of 400,000 mobile phone users showed no increased cancer risk.6 The passage focuses on______.（A）the debate on mobile phone's radiation（B）the trousers concerned with mobile phones（C）the researchers on mobile phones'dangers（D）the fruit of worldwide studies into mobile phones7 Levi Strauss Company brought out a line of trousers fitted with "anti-radiation" pockets with a view to______.（A）attracting possible consumers with new fashion（B）improving their efficiency by taking advantage of consumer fears（C）satisfying the consumers' needs for good health（D）promoting sales with peculiar fashion and advertisement8 Which of the following statement is NOT true?（A）Levi Strauss Company bases its products on the extensive market research.（B）Levi Strauss' newly-designed trousers made the mobile phones' possible dangers known to the public.（C）Cedric Jungpeter's statements aim to maintain Levi Strauss' image.（D）Dockers is one of the famous brands of Levi Strauss.9 The author implies that______by declaring "The debate is open".（A）everyone may be involved in the mobile phone debate（B）all studies into the possible dangers of mobile phones have not yet reached valuable conclusions（C）it's still a controversy whether the mobile phones are harmful（D）consumption of mobile phones will be affected by the endless debate10 We may infer from the passage that______.（A）anti-radiation trousers will fuel mobile phone debate（B）long-term users of mobile phones face a greater cancer risk than non-users（C）radiation from mobile phones could foster tumor growth in mice（D）anti-radiation trousers are a fearful sign that mobile phones are dangerous10 Television, the modern wonder of electronics, brings the world into your own home in sight and sound. And the word "television" means seeing far.Television works in much the same way as radio. In radio, sound is changed into electromagnetic waves which are sent through the air. Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago. By the 1920s inventors and researchers had turned the early theories into working models. Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become industry.The influence of TV on the life of people is incalculable: it can influence their thoughts and their ways of life. It can also add to their store of knowledge. Educational TV stationsoffer teaching in various subjects. Some hospitals use TV for medical students to get close-up views of operations. At first television programs were broadcast in black-and-white. With the development of science and technology, the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved and by the middle 1960s the national networks were broadcasting most of their programs in color.The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones. Since the launching of the first communications satellite, more and more programs are telecast "live" from all over the world. People in San Francisco were able to watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo. And live telecasts now come from outer space. In 1969, the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic "moon walk" to viewers on the earth. Since then, astronauts have regularly sent telecast to the earth.11 The launching of communications satellites made it possible for people in San Francisco to______.（A）get close-up views of operations（B）store knowledge（C）watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo（D）watch national programs12 The development of science and technology made it possible for television programs to______.（A）be telecast in full color（B）be telecast in San Francisco（C）be telecast in Tokyo（D）be telecast in black-and-white13 The word "incalculable" means______.（A）easy to tell（B）very great（C）difficult to tell（D）very small14 Television is said to be the modern wonder of electronics, because______. （A）it influences people's way of life（B）it makes people see far（C）it brings the world into people's own home in sight and sound（D）it works as radio15 The television became an industry in______.（A）1950（B）the 1960s（C）the 1920s（D）the 1950s。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Wal-Mart’s achievement caps a bigger economic shift—from producing goods to providing services. Manufacturing’s share of U. S. employment peaked in 1953, at 35%. It has been declining steadily since. In the decade that will end in 2010, the Bureau of Labor Statistics figures that goods-producing industries will create 1. 3 million new jobs, compared to 20 million for service industries. To look at it another way, today there are about four times as many people working in service jobs as in other kinds of jobs. And even within manufacturing, services are an increasingly large share of operations. As America got richer, consumption got more complicated. With more income to throw around, people started spending more on services—movies and travel, mortgages to buy houses, insurance to protect those houses, the occasional weekends at a luxury hotel; Fortune calls this a shift in the demand pattern. Over the few years, only three of the ten fastest-growing occupations(software engineers, nurses, and computer support)pay middle-class salaries. The rest could be called Wal-Mart kinds of jobs—cashiers, retail assistants, food service, and so on. In short, the service economy is delivering more good jobs than ever before.11．In 1993, Wal-Mart could have a sales volume of two billion dollars in______.A．one weekB．two weeksC．one dayD．two days正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节推断题。

2023在职研究生全国联考艺术硕士真题2023在职研究生全国联考艺术硕士真题一、单项选择1.欧洲巴洛克音乐最具代表性的作曲家( )A 莫扎特 B亨德尔 C鲍罗丁 D德魁西2.贝多芬《第九“合唱”交响曲》第四乐章合唱局部的歌词是取自德国诗人的作品A席勒 B海涅 C普希金 D歌德3.《列宁格勒交响曲》亦称《第七交响曲》，其作者是( )A柴可夫斯基 B舒伯特 C肖斯塔科维奇 D普罗科菲耶夫4.《黄河大合唱》是作曲家冼星海代表作，其中女高音独唱的名曲( )A保卫黄河 B黄河颂 C黄河谣 D黄河怨5.由田汉作词、聂耳谱曲的《义勇军进展曲》是影片( )的主题歌，创作于1935年。

A,《风云儿女》 B《渔光曲》 C《马路天使》 D《大路》6.《兰亭序》是( )的作品A张旭 B王羲之 C欧阳修 D王献之7.《富春山居图》是( )的作品。

A黄公望 B徐渭 C虚谷 D倪瓒8.意大利文艺复兴时期的画家拉斐尔创作了( )A《最后的审讯》 B《自由____民》 C《雅典学派》 D 《日出·印象》9.法国雕塑家罗丹创作了( )A《加莱义民》 B《大卫》 C《舞女》 D《骑士像》10.( )是后印象派画家梵高的代表作之一。

A《向日葵》 B《紫丁香》 C《睡莲》 D《郁金香》11.“离间效果”或“生疏化效果”理论是由( )提出的。

A斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基 B布莱希特 C格洛托夫斯基 D阿尔托12.西方戏剧在中国于20世纪( )被改成为话剧。

A 30年代末 B40年代初 C 20年代末 D 30年代初13.金子是曹禺剧本中的人物。

A《原野》 B《北京人》 C《雷雨》 D《日出》14.( )是古希腊喜剧作家阿里斯多芬的作品。

A《美狄亚》 B《被束缚的普罗米修斯》 C《安提戈涅》D《鸟》15.( )不是挪威剧作家易卜生的剧本。

A《玩偶之家》 B《樱桃园》 C《社会支柱》 D《培尔金特》16.《伪君子》是( )的作品。

A高乃依 B拉辛 C莫里哀 D萨特17.( )是中国著名的芭蕾表演艺术家，被誉为中国的第一只“白天鹅”。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea. Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea. Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home. (282 words)1．What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?A．The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B．The experts’ lack of knowledge.C．The washing-away of limestone cliffs.D．The rising of the sea level.正确答案：C解析：本题属于细节推断题。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Oscar Night Oscar Night is one of the most awaited events in the entire entertainment industry of the world. The award ceremony has become an inseparable component of the life of all the people associated with Hollywood. One cannot simply escape the charm of this wonderful night. The scheduled time of the glitzy evening of Academy Award is usually late February or early March. It is time when the awards are presented for the year-best achievements in the Motion Picture Industry. The Oscar statuette, presented during the Awards night, is regarded to be the most prestigious honor for Hollywood artists. Oscar ceremony was started with the intention of acknowledging the excellence in Hollywood. It was also an approach, made a long time back, to encourage the spirit of the people connected with the Motion picture industry. The various categories of award try to honor people involved in all the facets of film-making. Academy Awards Night comprises of that point of time when the talented artists of the film fraternity get the apt recognition. It is the best way of honoring the efforts and dedication that go into the making of a movie. Oscars are organized in a grand manner, with an alluring appeal. This mega event takes place at the Kodak Theatre, in Los Angles, annually. Oscar Night is the much-awaited moment, when all the stars of Hollywood gather at a single venue. The Red Carpet is rolled out for the dignitaries of the function. The air is filled with the gusto and zeal of the celebrities, who are invited to witness this ceremony. The atmosphere of Oscar Night is ruled by an element of surprise. It is the night when the mystery unfolds with each passing moment, with the announcement of winners in various categories.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, ______.（分数：2.00）A.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all those who are related to Hollywood √B.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all the people who are associated with Los AngelesC.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all those who are living in HollywoodD.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all the people who are working in film industry解析：解析：这是一道细节题，考查考生对第一段第二句话“The award ceremony has be—come an inseparable component of the life of all the people associated with Hollywood．”的理解。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a “virtual” or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners (从业者). “With virtual reality we’ll be able to put a surgeon in every trench,”said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers. The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier. Although Satava’s vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound. These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient’s brain taken before surgery. During these procedures—operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered—surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can. Satava says, “We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine. “ (392 words ) 1．According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality tomedicine______.A．will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefieldB．can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefieldC．will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefieldD．can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield正确答案：C解析：本题属于细节辨析题。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Researchers have shown that noise can adversely affect human in both physiological and psychological ways. Hearing losses in particular occupations such as shipbuilding and construction work are well-known. In fact, however, we all find hearing more difficult as we age. Young ears can distinguish a wide range of sounds from low to very high frequencies, while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high-pitched sounds. A comparison of people living in some industrialized and non-industrialized areas suggests that this hearing loss may not necessarily accompany old age. Furthermore, a closer inspection of other data reveals economic effects. For instance, an increased turnover in property has been observed in noisy areas near airports. Job performance can be adversely affected by loud noise, especially if accuracy and mental effort are involved. The use of outdoor areas for conversation is not possible for an estimated 5 to 10 million people who live or work in urban areas. When interference with television or speech or sleep is included, as many as 22 to 24 million people can be said to have lost part of the use of their homes and grounds because of noise. Thus noise pollution is a serious environmental concern. The indifferent attitude toward noise should be overcome; considerable efforts should be made to alert people to the grave effects that may stem from an excessively noisy environment.1．We can learn from this passage that______.A．young people are sensitive to high-pitched soundsB．young people distinguish low frequency noise better than old peopleC．high frequency noise can cause hearing loss in old peopleD．people in industrialized areas will suffer hearing loss when they are old正确答案：A解析：这是一道细节题，可定位在本文第1段“Young ears can distinguish a widerange of sounds from low to very high frequencies，while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high—pitched sounds．”说明年轻人比老年人更能分辨高频声音，选项A是其同义表达。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist. Using census(人口普查)data for more than one million people in Austrian, Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Plank Institute for Demographic(人口统计的)Research found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50. Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a new-born baby and could influence its life expectancy in old age. “A mother giving birth in spring spends the last stage of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat fewer vitamins than in summer,”said one of the scientists. “When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies are inclined to infections of the digestive system. “In Austria, adults born in autumn lived about seven months longer than those born in spring, and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture is similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data. Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists.1．People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring because______.A．a baby born in autumn is never subject to any infectionsB．a baby born in spring receives no protection from infectionsC．a mother giving birth in spring has less nutrition during her pregnancyD．a mother giving birth in autumn eats more vitamins during the last stage of her pregnancy正确答案：D解析：这是一道细节题，要求回答秋季出生的人比春季出生的人长寿的原因。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷13(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice”isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. (345 words)1．According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should______.A．demonstrate his capabilityB．give his boss a good impressionC．ask for as much money as he canD．ask for the salary he hopes to get正确答案：D解析：本题属于简单推理题。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand—he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. If one painter choose to paint a gangrenous(生坏疽的)leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing out attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, and emphasizing something—all of which mean that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.1．All artists are common in that______.A．they use shapes and colors instead of wordsB．they are trying to teach the publicC．what they want to teach is difficult to explainD．they want to learn from the public正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节题。

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷9(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car"s movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1, 500 to 2, 000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway. (300 words)（分数：10.00）(1).One significant improvement in the future car will probably be______.（分数：2.00）A.its power sourceB.its driving systemC.its monitoring systemD.its seating capacity(2).What is the author"s main concern?（分数：2.00）A.How to render automobiles pollution-free.B.How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C.How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D.How to develop an automated subway system.(3).What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?（分数：2.00）A.A rail.B.An engine.C.A retractable arm.D.A computer controller.(4).In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is to______.（分数：2.00）A.keep in the right laneB.wait to arrive at his destinationC.keep in constant touch with the computer centerrm the system of his destination by phone(5).What is the author"s attitude toward the future of autos?（分数：2.00）A.Enthusiastic.B.Pessimistic.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You"re supposed to remember something, but you haven"t encoded it deeply. " Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don"t pay attention to what you did because you"re involved in a conversation, you"ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in you wardrobe (衣柜). "Your memory itself isn"t failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn"t give your memory system the information it needed. " Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox. " Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that. Visual cues can help preventabsent-mindedness, says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don"t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another common episode of absent-mindedness; walking into a room and wondering why you"re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you"ll likely remember. (295 words)（分数：10.00）(1).Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?（分数：2.00）A.It helps us understand our memory system better.B.It enables us to recall something from our memory.C.It expands our memory capacity considerably.D.It slows down the process of losing our memory.(2).One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that______.（分数：2.00）A.they have a wider range of interestsB.they are more reliant on the environmentC.they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD.they are more interested in what"s happening around them(3).A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because______.（分数：2.00）A.it will easily get lostB.it"s not clear enough for you to readC.it"s out of your sightD.it might get mixed up with other things(4).What do we learn from the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.B.Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.C.Repetition helps improve our memory.D.If we keep forgetting things, we"d better return to where we were.(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.The process of gradual memory loss.B.The causes of absent-mindedness.C.The impact of the environment on memory.D.A way of encoding and recalling.In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity (紧缩) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items fanners boughtremained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1930s. In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers. President Hoover"s successor attached even more importance to this problem. One of the first measures proposed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was subsequently passed by Congress. This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people. However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nation"s soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens. Later the government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery, hybrid (杂交) grain, and fertilizers. (287 words)（分数：10.00）(1).What brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products?（分数：2.00）A.The impact of the Great Depression.B.The shrinking of overseas markets.C.The destruction caused by the First World War.D.The increased exports of European countries.(2).The chief concern of the American government in the area of agriculture in the 1920s was______.（分数：2.00）A.to increase farm productionB.to establish agricultural lawsC.to prevent farmers from going bankruptD.to promote the mechanization of agriculture(3).The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to______.（分数：2.00）A.reduce their scale of productionB.make full use of their landC.adjust the prices of their farm productsD.be self-sufficient in agricultural production(4).The Supreme Court rejected the Agricultural Adjustment Act because it believed that the Act______.（分数：2.00）A.might cause greater scarcity of farm productsB.didn"t give the Secretary of Agriculture enough powerC.would benefit neither the government nor the farmersD.benefited one group of citizens at the expense of others(5).It was claimed that the new laws passed during the Roosevelt Administration were aimed at______.（分数：2.00）A.reducing the cost of farmingB.conserving soil in the long-term interest of the nationC.lowering the burden of farmersD.helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayersThe decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad. The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation"s moral climate, says this ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it. But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. "The thought that "I"m in it forme" has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness," Ms. Elshtain says. Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today"s greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self. In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. and Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that; Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers. The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent "golden age," Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice. Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. "Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that can"t be bought. " (293 words)（分数：10.00）(1).Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans______.（分数：2.00）A.have adapted to a new set of moral standardsB.are longing for the return of the good old daysC.have realized the importance of material thingsD.are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards(2).The moral decline of American society is caused mainly by______.（分数：2.00）A.its growing wealthB.the self-centeredness of individualsC.underestimating the impact of social changesD.the prejudice against women and minorities(3).Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities?（分数：2.00）A.Great mobility.B.Concern for one"s neighbors.C.Emphasis on individual effort.D.Ever-weakening social bonds.(4).In the 1950s, classroom violence______.（分数：2.00）A.was something unheard ofB.was by no means a rare occurrenceC.attracted a lot of public attentionD.began to appear in analysts" data(5).According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed______.（分数：2.00）A.if people can return to the "golden age"B.when women and men enjoy equal rightsC.when people rid themselves of prejudiceD.if less emphasis is laid on material things。

在职硕士学位入学资格考试艺术硕士MFA真题2007年(总分：450.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、单项选择题(共44 题，每小题1 分，共44 分。

以下各题四个选项甲，只有一个选项正确）(总题数：44，分数：44.00)1.舞剧《天鹅湖》的曲作者是（）。

（分数：1.00）A.贝多芬B.柴科夫斯基√C.德彪西D.莫扎特解析：考查西方浪漫主义音乐的重要人物和作品。

柴可夫斯基最著名的作品有歌剧《黑桃皇后》《奥涅金》，舞剧《天鹅湖》《胡桃夹子》。

另外，他共写作有六部交响曲，其中《第六“悲怆”交响曲》尤其感人至深。

2.巴赫和亨德尔是欧洲音乐史上( )时期的两位代表性作曲家。

（分数：1.00）A.浪漫主义B.印象主义C.巴洛克√D.文艺复兴解析：考查西方音乐巴洛克时期的知识点。

巴赫和亨德尔是巴洛克音乐的代表人物，其中巴赫的创作代表了巴洛克音乐的最高成就，亨德尔在清唱剧领域享有盛名。

3.由“呈示部-展开部—再现部”构成的曲式类型叫( )。

（分数：1.00）A.变奏曲式B.迥旋曲式C.二部曲式D.奏鸣曲式√解析：考查曲式的相关知识点。

奏鸣曲的基本曲式是以“呈现部—展开部—再现部”的三部结构组成的。

变奏曲式是同一主题旋律的不断反复，但每次反复都有变化。

二部曲式是考生首先应该排除的选项，因为本题的题干列出的是三部结构的曲式类型。

4.奥地利作曲家海顿创作的《创世纪》，是一部（）作品。

（分数：1.00）A.清唱剧√B.交响乐C.歌剧D.协奏曲解析：考查西方音乐史体裁。

古典乐派的海顿创作有《创世纪》《四季》等清唱剧作品5.（）是一种日本古典市民艺术，形成于17 世纪。

（分数：1.00）A.歌舞伎√B.甘美兰C.盘索里D.伦巴解析：考查世界音乐知识的日本音乐。

歌舞伎是日本的非物质文化遗产，历史悠久，集歌舞、器乐和戏剧为一体。

6.( )是中国民间音乐中说唱音乐的主要体裁之一。

（分数：1.00）A.京韵大鼓√B.江南丝竹C.花灯D.山东鼓吹解析：考查中国音乐史的相关知识。