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句子在阅读中的作用知识梳理一、某句话结构上在文中的作用1、文首：点明题意；开门见山，点明主旨；渲染气氛，为全文奠定感情基调（散文）；埋下伏笔（记叙类文章），设置悬念，吸引读者（小说）；为下文作辅垫；总领全文。
2、文中：承接上文，开启下文，承上启下；提示思路，为下文作铺垫，埋下伏笔；引领下文；总结上文。
3、文末：总结全文、照应开头、点明中心、深化主题；独立成段，使文章意味深长，发人深省；升华感情，言有尽而意无穷；提出问题，引起思考。
二、语句在表情达意（内容上）方面的作用渲染气氛、烘托人物形象（或人物感情）、点明中心（揭示主旨）、突出主题（深化中心）三、赏析句子的表达效果的提问方式：1、从修辞角度，赏析文章中某个划线句子的表达效果。
答题格式：本句运用了什么（修辞手法），生动形象地写出了什么（内容），突出了什么（表达效果）。
2、从人物描写的角度说说文中某个划线句子的表达效果。
答题格式：运用了XXX的手法+对具体内容的解释+生动形象地写出了XXX+表达了...3、某个句子在表达效果上有什么作用？4、赏析文中划线的句子。
答题角度：除了从修辞与描写的角度回答，还可以从句子中找典型的或特殊的修饰词。
修饰词角度答题格式：词语的语境意+词语描写对象的特点+作品中的人物或作者的情感。
四、语句特色评价用词：准确、严密、生动、形象、深入浅出、通俗易懂、语言简练、简洁明了、言简意赅、富有感染力、节奏感强、委婉含蓄、意味深长、发人深省、寓意深刻、引发阅读兴趣、说理透彻、有说服力。
五．一段话或一句话的作用内容：思路上包括修辞手法、何种描写、人物内心或品质、文章主旨，甚至是叙述顺序比如插叙的作用结构：例题精讲阅读下文，完成下面小题大年初一两局棋胡延楣（1）大年初一，窗外的冬雨没完没了，白茫茫的一片。
前天武汉封城，这时候要静下心来做事，有点为难。
今日唯有围棋可助下棋人逆长江之流，西赴黄鹤楼。
（2）我打开弈城围棋网，问：“有武汉的吗？”一秒钟，出来了两个名字。
英语精读4课后翻译答案2你能强迫一个学生来上课，但你不能强迫他思考。
1)You can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think.2)学习文学不仅能帮你了解他人，还有助于你了解自己。
The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself.3)通过阅读范文和练习写作，你可以提高你的写作能力。
You can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing.4)在中世纪人们以为地球是平的，他是宇宙的中心。
In the Middle Ages, people believed that the earth was flat and that it was the center of the universe.5)我既没有时间也没有钱去陪那些大亨们玩高尔夫球。
I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses.6)小金决定不了大学已毕业就考研还是找工作。
Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first.7)爱能够改善人们的心灵—无论是那些给予爱的人还是对得到爱的人。
Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it.8)优秀的企业不相信完美，只相信不断的改进，不断的变化。
大学英语精读精练4课后答案陈安玲1、53．On your way home, you can buy some fruit, meat, vegetables and ________. [单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．else somethingC．everything elseD．else everything2、I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don't have enough money to buy _____. [单选题] *A. it(正确答案)B. oneC. thisD. that3、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long4、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)5、You wouldn' t have caught such ____ bad cold if you hadn' t been caught in ____?rain. [单选题] *A. a, /B. a, aC. a,the(正确答案)D. /, /6、26．—Mary, is this your pen?—No, it isn't. ________ is black. [单选题] *A．MyB．IC．MeD．Mine(正确答案)7、--Could you please tell me _______ to get to the nearest supermarket?--Sorry, I am a stranger here. [单选题] *A. whatB. how(正确答案)C. whenD. why8、One effective（）of learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context. [单选题] *A. approach(正确答案)B. wayC. mannerD. road9、Online shopping _______ very popular now. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. wasD. were10、Two（）in our school were sent to a remote village to teach for a month. [单选题] *A. women teachers(正确答案)B. woman teachersC. women teacherD. woman teacher11、Which do you enjoy to spend your weekend, fishing or shopping? [单选题] *China'shigh-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past fewyears.A. are growing(正确答案)B. have grownC. will growD. had grown12、He often comes to work early and he is _______ late for work. [单选题] *A. usuallyB. never(正确答案)C. oftenD. sometimes13、My dog is very _______. It is safe to touch it if you want to. [单选题] *A. luckyB. deliciousC. friendly(正确答案)D. helpful14、Alice hopes to _______ more friends at her new school. [单选题] *A. visitB. make(正确答案)C. missD. take15、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went16、一Mary wants to invite you to see the movie today. 一I would rather she（B）me tomorrow. [单选题] *A.tellsB. told (正确答案)C. would tellD. had told17、—Are these your sheep? [单选题] *A）on grass at the foot of the hill.(正确答案)B. feedC.is fedD. is feeding18、27．Will it ______ warm in the room? [单选题] *A．areB．be(正确答案)C．isD．going to be19、_______ songs is my favorite. [单选题] *A. To Singing EnglishB. Singing English(正确答案)C. Singings EnglishD. Sing English20、--How is your friend coming?--I’m not sure. He _______ drive here. [单选题] *A. may(正确答案)B. canC. mustD. will21、At half past three she went back to the school to pick him up. [单选题] *A. 等他B. 送他(正确答案)C. 抱他D. 接他22、We have _______ a double room with a bath for you in the hotel. [单选题] *A. boughtB. reserved(正确答案)C. madeD. taken23、He was very excited to read the news _____ Mo Yan had won the Nobel Prize for literature [单选题] *A. whichB. whatC. howD. that(正确答案)24、Mr. Brown ______ the football match next week.（）[单选题] *A. is seeingB. seesC. sawD. is going to see(正确答案)25、Something must be wrong with the girl’s _______. She can’t hear clearly. [单选题] *A. ears(正确答案)B. noseC. armsD. eyes26、32．Mr. Black is ______ now, so he wants to go to a movie with his son. [单选题] * A．busyB．free(正确答案)C．healthyD．right27、They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was night began to fall. [单选题] *A. thatB. itC. what(正确答案)D. which28、Don’t swim in the river. It’s too _______. [单选题] *A. interestingB. easyC. difficultD. dangerous(正确答案)29、One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but at least can help cover my living（）. [单选题] *A. billsB. expenses(正确答案)C. pricesD. charges30、He used to get up at six in the morning,（)? [单选题] *A. used heB. did heC. didnt he (正确答案)D. should he。
大学英语精读第四册课文翻译Unit 1两个大学男孩 不清楚赚钱需要付出艰苦的劳动 被一份许诺轻松赚大钱的广告吸引了。
男孩们很快就明白 如果事情看起来好得不像真的 那多半确实不是真的。
轻轻松松赚大钱约翰•G•哈贝尔“你们该看看这个 ”我向我们的两个读大学的儿子建议道。
“你们若想避免因为老是向人讨钱而有失尊严的话 这兴许是一种办法。
”我将挂在我们门把手上的、装在一个塑料袋里的几本杂志拿给他们。
塑料袋上印着一条信息说 需要招聘人投递这样的袋子 这活儿既轻松又赚钱。
“轻轻松松赚大钱!” “我不在乎失不失尊严 ”大儿子回答说。
“我可以忍受 ”他的弟弟附和道。
“看到你们俩伸手讨钱讨惯了一点也不感到尴尬的样子 真使我痛心 ”我说。
孩子们说他们可以考虑考虑投递杂志的事。
我听了很高兴 便离城出差去了。
午夜时分 我已远离家门 在一家旅馆的房间里舒舒服服住了下来。
电话铃响了 是妻子打来的。
她想知道我这一天过得可好。
“好极了!”我兴高采烈地说。
“你过得怎么样?”我问道。
“棒极了!”她大声挖苦道。
“真棒!而且这还仅仅是个开始。
又一辆卡车刚在门前停下。
”“又一辆卡车?”“今晚第三辆了。
第一辆运来了四千份蒙哥马利-沃德百货公司的广告 第二辆运来四千份西尔斯-罗伯克百货公司的广告。
我不知道这一辆装的啥 但我肯定又是四千份什么的。
既然这事是你促成的 我想你或许想了解事情的进展。
”我之所以受到指责 事情原来是这样 由于发生了一起报业工人罢工 通常夹在星期日报纸里的广告插页 必须派人直接投送出去。
公司答应给我们的孩子六百美金 任务是将这些广告插页在星期天早晨之前投递到四千户人家去。
“不费吹灰之力!”我们上大学的大儿子嚷道。
“六百块!”他的弟弟应声道 “我们两个钟点就能干完!”“西尔斯和沃德的广告通常都是报纸那么大的四页 ”妻子告诉我说 “现在我们门廊上堆着三万二千页广告。
就在我们说话的当儿 两个大个子正各抱着一大捆广告走过来。
这么多广告 我们可怎么办?”“你让孩子们快干 ”我指示说。
ReadingIn most situations, light helps us see. But nowadays humans are using too much light and it is in fact a kind of pollution.When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights : stars, planets(星球) and even galaxies(星系).According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by human eyes without using any special equipment. But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city. In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars as they did in their childhood.Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky. Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too. When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles until they drop from tiredness. Sea turtles need dark beaches for laying eggs , but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights.Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that. They are still learning more.In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution. Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night. Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed. They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels.Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and un disturbed life, too.He's a bit of an expert when it comes to computers.当谈到流行音乐时，她总是很开心当谈到购物时，他开始变得沉默Street artists are a common sight in Europe.As he reached the front door he saw a strange sight .the sights and sounds of the forestaccording to sb我们老师说，明天有家长会John说，Tom交了个新女朋友报纸上说，20人死于这次车祸No more thanWe were standing no more than 10 metres away from the scene of the crime and we didn't realize itDavid watched the car drive slowly away, until it was no more than a speck (小点) in the distanceAS?LIKE?I'm going to be a pop star _____ Michael Jackson.He got divorced, as his parents had done years before.She looks a bit like the QueenAs I was just saying, I think the proposal needs further consideration.affectinfluenceBoth buildings were badly _____ by the fire.My dad _____me to become a soldier.I was deeply _____ by the filmHarm/damageSmoking can seriously harm your healthIt is now clear that these gases harm the ozone layer (臭氧层）Some houses were damaged during the earthquakeBe bad forHave a bad effect onLieLayPrevent谁也阻止不了我们结婚爸爸阻止我学开车Reduce降价减轻压力减速降低风险降低成本减去体重take action to do sth采取行动; 行动起来: We must take action to save the child’s lifePeople must take action to protect our environmentII. Choose the best answers.1．Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?A．Because there are fewer and fewer stars.B．Because human health has been affected.C．Because too much light is a waste of energy.D．Because some of the wildlife can be harmed.2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned(提到)in this passage?A．The problems that light pollution has caused.B．The reason why humans use too much light.C．The ways that light pollution can be reduced.D．The reason why fewer stars can be seen than before.3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．There are about 2,500 stars in the sky.B．Humans want to do nothing to reduce light pollution.C．Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness.D．Something has been done to reduce light pollution.IV. Use the phrases and sentence patterns to complete the sentences.1. 根据研究表明，吃太多的肉对健康不好。
___________ the research, eating ______________ meat is bad for health.2. 大雨使我们不能按时到达机场。
The heavy rain ___________________ to arrive at the airport.3. 由于他的粗心，有十多份报告得重写。
_______________ his carelessness, ______________ ten reports had to be rewritten.4. 要是你在沙漠中迷路了，你应该保持冷静而不是哭泣。
If you ______________ in the dessert, you should keep calm ________________crying.5. 没人可以阻止我实现我的梦想。
Nobody can _______________________________________ realizing my dream.6. 我希望世界充满爱。
I hope that the world _______________________ love.1．The sun disappeared from ____________ behind a cloud.2．The cuckoo (杜鹃) always ________________ its eggs in other birds' nests.3．He has ______________ his weight from 98 to 92 kilos.4．The president hopes to have a (n) _________________ life with his family.5．We were deeply ________________ by the news of her death.6．The _____________________ into the causes of cancer has made great progress. 7．The government has set up a new ___________to raise money for the refugees. 8．We should do something to reduce water ______________.IV. Use the phrases and sentence patterns to complete the sentences.1．根据研究表明，吃太多的肉对健康不好。
