下载文档原格式
新编大学英语教案〔4〕Unit 6 RisksAims of TeachingMaster the words describing some risky activitiesImprove the students’ abilities of reading comprehension and writingKey PointsIntroducing the methods of locating the key sentence of each paragraph to sum up the whole textUsing multi-media teaching equipmentGroup-DiscussionLiving performanceUnit 6 RisksPart one preparation1> T and Ss list different jobs, and then Ss discuss the corresponding risks Jobs: nurse, psychiatrist, businessman, policeman, coal miner, lawyer, stockbroker, presidents, secretary, beggar, teacher, fighter pilot, accountant, footballplayer, interpreter, fireman, singer, civil servant, ambassador…Categorize them into three types: physical ones, financial ones, emotional ones 2> Which activity is riskier?Rock climbing, working on a farm, driving a car, skiing, being a 65-year-old man, flying in an airplane, driving a motorcycle, and skydiving3> Issue discussion: Do you think CET-4 causes risks in the students? If there issome, what are they? <certificate, degree, emotional influence>In-Class Reading: Risks and You1. Words and expressions1. or other: <usu. used with somebody/something/somewhere, someday, somehow, etc.>expressing uncertainty or vagueness about a person, thing or place.a. The box is somewhere or other in the kitchen.箱子在厨房的某个地方。
新视野大学英语(第二版)第四册读写教程课文翻译An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。
The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。
"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。
The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。
Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。
（第二版）第四册Unit11.a艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。
成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。
对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。
追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。
尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。
享受成功的无上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。
成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格。
为了能迅速走红，代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。
他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。
他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。
尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。
若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。
公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。
有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。
公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。
知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。
同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。
他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。
名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。
骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。
它让你失去自我。
你必须是公众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。
艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。
1.Our uncertainties multiply indefinitely.2.Such disputes multiplied in the 19th and 18th centurnies.3.Once we understand that risk can never be totally eliminated from any situation…4.Fatty foods should be eliminated from the diet.5.If you are opposed to risks,you will want to choose your activities by focusing onthesmallratioexposures.6.The visit to Germany gave them exposure to the language.7.Anxiety about the risks of life is a bit like hypochondria; in both, the fear or anxiety feeds onpartial information.8.This is only a partial solution to the problem.9.However, heart disease tends to strike the elderly in much greater proportions than youngerpeople.10.Three earthquakes struck Peru on April 5th and 6th.11.The kinds of experiences that travel agents like Peter Evans are offering range from white-waterrafting on Africa’s Zambezi River, to climbing some of the world’s highest mountains.12.The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to grandpareents.13.The whole concept of living life to the maximum, living for now, is what Pepsi Max is all about.And the whole area of extreme sports really fulfills that ambition.14.They hope to fulfill their objectives by 2008.15.But what if the bag accidentallyinflates while you are driving down the highway, thus causingan accident that would never have occurred otherwise?16.Her life jacket failed to inflate.17.The ultimate risk avoider minght, for instance, buy a tank or an armored car, thus minimizingthe risk of death or injury in a collision.18.You can try to minimize the damage to innocent civilians.19.And, at home, companies are lining up to offer people the chance to experience danger.20.Fans lined the street just to get a glimpse of the band.21.We the faculty take no pride in our educational achievement with you.22.Students and some faculty attended the conference.23.But starting now, in the world to which you go, failure marks you.24.The disease had marked her face for life.25.With us you could argue about why your errors were not errors, why mediocre work really wasexcellent…26.The teacher should make sure that each child has a piece of work displayed on the wall.27.But tomorrow,in the world to which you go, you had best not defend errors but learn fromthem.28.The workers were trying hard to defend their interests.29.When you were garrulous and talked to hear yourselves talk, we listened as if it mattered.30.It doesn’t matter what you wear, as long as you look neat and tidy.31.It is conventional to quote in addresses such as these.32.The new President delivered his inaugural address on a rainy day.33.He is completely ignoring all the pressures and hard times students go through to make it atcollege.34.It’s devastating for a mother to watch her child go through misery.35.Neusner believes that in college we are trained to think that “failure leaves no record”becausewe can supposedly get away with mistakes easily.36.The thieves got away with jewelry worth over $50,000.37.When the going gets tough, the tough have to get down to work because, unlike what Neusnerbelieves, college does not give “painless” solutions to mistakes.38.The reporter kept asking a lot of tough questions, which made the actor a bit annoyed.39.I knew that thousands of students were up there at that very moment,…trying against all oddsto memorize arcane facts and figures that they really cared nothing about.40.We’re surprised to find that he has an income of six figures.41.They walked into trees, steadied their bodies, and kept walking.42.The old lady reached the chair and steadied herself.43.First, my parents had paid for my tution and I feared they would pull out their financial supportand leave me destitute.44.The project became so expensive that we had to pull out.45.These symptoms can contribute to heart disease and strokes, two of our most frequent causesof death.46.I looked after my father after he had a stroke.47.They were all time addicts, taught since childhood to schedule their lives by society’s clock, andall felt lost without the security of a timepiece.48.This insurance plan offers your family financial security in the event of your death.49.Almost all living things in our world carry their own biological clocks synchronized with therhythms of nature.50.Older managers carry more authority in a crisis.51.Even body temperatures started to rise and fall together, a sign that subtle biochemicalchanges in each body were now happening together.52.The pictures are similar, but there are subtle differences between them.53.People brought back from the brink of death often recall their entire lives flash before them inan instant.54.Her life flashed before her eyes when she was lying at the bottom of the cave, unable to moveor cry.55.To illustrate that time is relative, Einstein observed that to a person sitting on a hot stove, twominutes could feel like two hours.56.Keynesobserved that humans fall into two classes.57.Tap our body’s power to change time.58.We hope that additional sources of funding can be tapped.59.Most people can summon it up merely by dismissing disturbing thoughts and by controllingtheir breathing.60.He tried without success to dismiss her from his thoughts.61.The cultural pattern we call time is learnt, and if we wish to live in harmony with nature wemust learn to recognize that its time still shapes our world and should not be ignored.62.One must recognize that homesickness is natural.63.We use the phrase”thebeat of a different drummer” to explain any pace of life unlike our own.64.We heard the beat of a drum in the distance.65.I could not, in all honesty, attribute their lingering to my superb teaching style.66.The success in his work is solely attributed to his diligence.67.Because it is manipulated less consciously, it is subject to less distortion than the spokenlanguage.68.All train times are subject to change in bad weather conditions.69.The Atomic Age dawned in 1945.70.As the Cold War dawned in 1949, Galvin was starting his military career.71.It is certain that technology, especially computer technology, will rule our lives to a greater andgreater degree.72.Don’t let yourself be ruled by your feelings in this matter.73.When scientists talk about the remarkably adaptable nature of people, they probably havethese people in mind.74.It’s human nature never to be completely satisfied.75.We have read a lot about scientific and technological change, but that is only part of thepicture of modern life.76.The economic picture has changed a lot in the last couple of weeks.77.There is often a great lag between scientific discovery and cultural acceptance.78.Thereis always a lag between the policy being announced and its implementation.79.The scientific mothod has shown us endless marvels and wonders, but methods can’t provideall the answers.80.The internet has introduced millions to the wonders of digital photos and graphics.81.People believed that science would lead them to a new era of endless prosperity andhappiness.But it didn’t work out that way.82.We hoped to be able to move into our new house at the end of the month, but things did notwork out as we had expected.83.He said,”Eliminate all younger than 25, all older than 40. Then eliminate all with an IQunder120; allwith a height under 150 centimeters and over 175 centimeters.”84.The police have eliminated two suspects from their inquiry.85.Eight were very good matches and Milton said, “Good, you have their data banks. Studyrequirements and needs in the job market and arrange to have them assigned here. One at a time, of course.”86.Moina was a perfect match for him.87.“Absolutely,” he said.”I would have hnown this if I had had more to do with women in my life.Of course, thinking about it makes it all plain now.”88.It was plain to everyone at the office that Bill would soon be fired for his bad performance.89.The people at the Alcor Life Extension Foundation have not only brought Duane back to life,they have given him back his youth, using the latest computer technology.90.The science program was funded by a grant from the Ford Foundation.91.Mr.Garfield seems to hold science in higher regard than most people, including scientiststhemselves.92.Her work is held in very high regard by her fellow researchers.93.Scott Robertson, the school’s young English instructor, adjusted his glasses and looked to rightand left to see if they were overheard.94.Liz adjusted her mirror and then edged the car out of its parking bay.95.He looked vaguely about for another drink and didn’t find any.96.“how was it?” he asked vaguely , absorbed in his own thoughts.97.Bald and an ugly mustache. He spoke in a thick brogue. viewers will get just one more chance to hear his thick Scottish accent.99.A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great State of New York, to run againstStewart L.Woodford and John T. Hoffman, on an independent ticket.100.He withdrew his name from the Democratic ticket.101.By this time there was such a clamor for an “answer” to all the dreadful charges that were laid to me, that the leaders of my party said it would be political ruin for me to remain silent any longer.102.Wallace denied charges that he had lied to investigators.103.Then came the charge of poisoning my uncle to get his property.104.The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests; personal property.105.In what way are we inferior? Can we not establish our superiority? We must do something about it.106.He’d already begun to establish quite a reputation as a journalist.107.I am pleased to place before you four major points over which we have to deliberate. 108.She deliberated over the decision for a long time before she made up her mind.109.Man as well as the other animals are born alike, of the womb of the mother.Then why should animals be called”janthu” and man as “manava”? They should be addressed alike. 110.The president should be addressed as “Mr.president”.111.Promising new technologies can power our homes，factories and cars with cleaner，more efficient energy---cutting emissions while strengthening our economy．112.前景广阔的新技术可以为我们的家庭、工业和汽车提供更干净、更有效率的能源——既能减少废气排放，又能促进经济发展。
新视野大学英语(第二版)第四册读写教程课文翻译.An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。
The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。
"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。
The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。
Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。
Unit 6[4] All of this is another way of saying that nothing we do is completely safe.There are risks, often potentially serious ones, associated with every hobby we have, every job we take, every food we eat—in other words, with every action.But the fact that there are risks associated with everything we are going to do does not, or should not, reduce us to trembling neurotics. Some actions are riskier than others.The point is to inform ourselves about the relevant risks and then act accordingly[N].4 上面说的这一切，只是从另一角度说明我们所做的事没有一件是百分之百安全的。
有些风险——常常是潜在的重大风险——与我们的每个业余爱好、所做的每项工作、所吃的每种食物有关，换句话说，与所进行的任何活动有关。
但我们又不能，也不该因危险存在于我们将要做的每件事，而变成战战兢兢的神经症患者。
有些活动是比其它活动更危险。
关键在于要让自己了解相应的风险，然后相机行事。
8] Once we understand that risk can never be totally eliminated from any situation and that, therefore, nothing is completely safe, we will then see that the issue is not one of avoiding risks altogether but rather one of managing risks in a sensible way[N].Risk management requires two things: common sense and information about the character and degree of the risks we may be running.8 我们一旦明白了风险是永远无法从任何情况中完全去除的，因而就没有绝对安全的事，我们也就会明白问题的关键不是要彻底避免风险，而是要理智地管理风险。
英语翻译Unit one Nine to fivepassage1 大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。
在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？1 七月，你看着英俊的21岁的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着大学荣誉学位证书，拍毕业照。
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会的记忆开始消退。
但现在，你又不得不再考虑钱的问题。
2 等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你却发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。
除此之外，他只是偶尔发发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，或者去酒吧喝酒。
这位属于“千禧一代”的年轻人一夜之间变成了“抱怨一代”的成员。
他能找到工作吗？3 这就是成千上万家庭所面临的状况：今年夏天，超过65万的大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下，他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。
父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者。
他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。
4 来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。
他走进大学就业服务中心，但又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。
跟他一起住的另外5个男孩子也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。
找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划。
5 他说：“我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒绝了。
他们给的年薪是1.8万镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐豆子，可他们还要有工作经历或硕士学位的人。
然后我又申请参加快速晋升人才培养计划，并通过了笔试。
但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家政治论者’。
我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。
”6 打那以后，他整个夏天都在“隐身”。
他能够轻松地复述出电视剧《交通警察》中的若干片段。
他白天看电视的时间太长，已经到了影响健康的地步。
新编⼤学英语4课后答案新编⼤学英语4 浙江⼤学编著Part Three FURTHER DEVELOPMENT Unit 1 Leisure Activities1. Enriching Your Word Power1) B 2) A 3) B 4) A 5) A 6 C 7) B 8) C 9) B 10)A 11)C 12) C2. Translation Practice这位上了年纪⽽从未结过婚的英国⼥⼠，在1930年第⼀次出现在⼩说《牧师住宅的谋杀案》中时，年纪⼤约在65到70岁之间。
在长达41年多的时间⾥，她出现在12部长篇⼩说、20篇短篇⼩说中——最后⼀次破案时她已经很⽼了。
从外表上看，马普尔⼩姐⾼⾼瘦瘦，⾯⾊红润⽽布满皱纹，有着⼀双淡蓝⾊的眼睛，雪⽩的头发在头上盘成⽼式的发髻。
她的外表看上去不会给任何⼈造成伤害。
再加上她那漫⽆边际的闲谈以及永远都在⾝边的⽑线针，她常常会引起⼈们的误解，把她仅仅看成是⼀位“犹犹豫豫的⽼⼥⼈”。
那可真是⼩看了她。
那些真正了解她的⼈都明⽩，她是⼈类本性敏锐的观察者，⽽且“不可思议地总是正确的”。
虽然马普尔⼩姐⼀⽣都⽣活在看上去枯燥乏味的圣玛丽牧场，她却相当⽼到地明⽩并接受“我们周围尽是邪恶”这个事实。
就像她经常指出的那样，⼤城市能找到的⼈性特征和邪恶，在她住的村⼦及周边也都能找到。
于是，她的破案⽅式就是找出圣玛丽牧场和外⾯世界在⽣活和⼈物⽅⾯的相似之处。
Unit2 The Power of Words1. Enriching Your Word Power1) C 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) B 6) A 7) C 8) A 9) A 10) A1. Translation Practice1) 另⼀⽅⾯，打电话更快捷，所以当你需要很快得到⼀个答复时，电话更合适些。
2) ⼀些最精彩的信是灵感突现时写的，所以要把⽂具放在你能坐⼏分钟、很快给朋友写短信的地⽅。
课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4)Unit 1享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。
这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。
那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢？2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。
这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。
我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。
这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。
3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。
而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。
我们都听人说过这样的话：―我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。
‖有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。
一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。
一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的人。
一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。
这么说是有道理的。
4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。
我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。
通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩—我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。
而且，她们的这种喜欢是相互的。
布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗到外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。
外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：―啊哈，你又上了我的当。
‖5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。
第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。
Unit 6 RisksRisks and YouAt some time or other, all of us have played the part of a hypochondriac, imagining that we have some terrible disease on the strength of very minor symptoms. Some people just have to hear about a new disease and they begin checking themselves to see if they may be suffering from it. But fear of disease is not our only fear, and neither is risk of disease the only risk we run. Modern life is full of all manner of threats-to our lives, our peace of mind, our families, and our future. And from these threats come questions that we must pose to ourselves: Is the food I buy safe? Are toys for my children likely to hurt them? Should my family avoid smoked meats? Am I likely to be robbed on vacations? Our uncertainties multiply indefinitely.Anxiety about the risks of life is a bit like hypochondria; in both, the fear or anxiety feeds on partial information. But one sharp difference exists between the two. The hypochondriac can usually turn to a physician to get a definitive clarification of the situation-either you have the suspected disease or you don't. It is much more difficult when anxiety about other forms of risk is concerned, because with many risks, the situation is not as simple.Risks are almost always a matter of probability rather than certainty. You may ask, "Should I wear a seat belt?" If you' re going to have a head-on collision, of course. But what if you get hit from the side and end up trapped inside the vehicle, unable to escape because of a damaged seat belt mechanism? So does this mean that you should spend the extra money for an air bag? Again, in head-on collisions, it may well save your life. But what if the bag accidentally inflates while you are driving down the highway, thus causing an accident that would never have occurred otherwise?All of this is another way of saying that nothing we do is completely safe. There are risks, often potentially serious ones, associated with every hobby we have, every job we take, every food we eat-in other words, with every action. But the fact that there are risks associated with everything we are going to do does not, or should not, reduce us to trembling neurotics. Some actions are riskier than others. The point is to inform ourselves about the relevant risks and then act accordingly.For example, larger cars are generally safer than small ones in collisions. But how much safer? The answer is that you are roughly twice as likely to die in a serious crash in asmall car than in a large one. Yet larger cars generally cost more than small ones (and also use more gas, thus increasing the environmental risks!), so how do we decide when the reduced risks are worth the added costs? The ultimate risk avoider might, for instance, buy a tank or an armored car, thus minimizing the risk of death or injury in a collision. But is the added cost and inconvenience worth the difference in price, even supposing you could afford it?We cannot begin to answer such questions until we have a feel for the level of risks in question. So how do we measure the level of a risk? Some people seem to think that the answer is a simple number. We know, for instance, that about 25,000 people per year die in automobile accidents. By contrast, only about 300 die per year in mine accidents and disasters. Does that mean that riding in a car is much riskier than mining? Not necessarily. The fact is that some 200 million Americans regularly ride in automobiles in the United States every year; perhaps 700,000 are involved in mining. The relevant figure that we need to assess a risk is a ratio or fraction. The numerator of the fraction tells us how many people were killed or harmed as the result of a particular activity over a certain period of time; the denominator tells us how many people were involved in that activity during that time. All risk levels are thus ratios or fractions, with values between 0 (no risk) and 1 (totally risky).By reducing all risks to ratios or fractions of this sort, we can begin to compare different sorts of risks-like mining versus riding in a car. The larger this ratio, that is, the closer it is to 1, the riskier the activity in question. In the case just discussed, we would find the relative safety of car travel and coal mining by dividing the numbers of lives lost in each by the number of people participating in each. Here, it is clear that the riskiness of traveling by car is about 1 death per 10,000 passengers; with mining, the risk level is about 4 deaths per 10,000 miners. So although far more people are killed in car accidents than in mining, the latter turns out to be four times riskier than the former. Those ratios enable us to compare the risks of activities or situations as different as apples and oranges. If you are opposed to risks, you will want to choose your activities by focusing on the small-ratio exposures. If you are reckless, then you are not likely to be afraid of higher ratios unless they get uncomfortably large.Once we understand that risk can never be totally eliminated from any situation and that, therefore, nothing is completely safe, we will then see that the issue is not one of avoiding risks altogether but rather one of managing risks in a sensible way. Risk management requires two things: common sense and information about the character and degree of the risks we may be running.风险与你1 在说不定的某个时候，我们大家都曾充当过疑病症患者的角色,只凭一些轻微的症状便怀疑自己得了某种可怕的病。
