(贵阳专版)中考英语总复习 第二部分 语法专题突破篇 专题10 构词法(精练)课件

（贵阳专版）中考英语命题研究第二部分语法专题突破篇专题四数词（精练）试题( A )1.(2016天津中考)Li Ming will be ______. His parents are going to have a party for his ________ birthday.A．sixteen；sixteenthB．sixteenth；sixteenthC．sixteen；sixteen( C )2.(2016重庆中考)Meimei is going to be an older sister.Her parents are planning to have their ________ child.A．one B．first C．second( C )3.(2016广东中考)Please turn to page ______and take a look at the picture on it.A．the eightieth B．eightiethC．eighty( A )4.(2016福州中考)—Where were you born, Michael?—I was born is a small village with only three ________people.A．hundred B．hundredsC．hundreds of( A )5.(2016济南中考)—How many hours do you sleep every night?—About ________ hours. From 9：00 p．m. to 6：00 a．m.A．nine B．nineteen C．ninth( B )6.(2016哈尔滨中考)—What are you going to do this Saturday?—I am going to the old people's home to celebrate Mrs. Green's ________birthday.A．ninty­ninth B．ninety­ninthC．ninety­nineth( C )7.(2016黄冈中考)—The 15th Chinese Bridge—Chinese Proficiency Competition will be held this year!—That's great! ________foreign college students are interested in Chinese learning.A．Hundred of B．ThousandsC．Thousands of( C )8.(2016随州中考)—If your parents wanted to have a ________ child, would you agree?—Of course. But they should make it in ________ years' time.A．second；second B．two；twoC．second；two( B )9.(2016温州中考)—Welcome to Los Angeles. Have you ever been here?—Sure. I visited this city three years ago, so this is my ________time here.A．first B．second C．third( C )10.(2016东营中考)—A recent survey shows that 35 out of 45 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire.—About ________of the students made such a choice? Life is far more important, isn't it?A．half B．one thirdC．three quarters( C )11.(2017中考预测)Today is the boy's ________ birthday.He is 12 years old.A．twelve B．twelythC．twelfth( A )12.(2017中考预测)Batman and Spiderman are ________ of the most famous American Cartoons.A．two B．secondC．the second(A)13.(2017中考预测)On June 2nd this year，________ people celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival near the Songhua River.To our joy，there was little rubbish left.A．thousands ofB．thousandC．two thousands( C )14.(2017中考预测)The Great Wall is famous，so every year ________ people come to visit.A．million B．million ofC．millions of( A )15.(2017中考预测)In our class，________ of the students are girls.A．three fifths B．three fifthC．three fives( B )16.(2017中考预测)—We have sixty students in our class.________ of them are boys.How many girls are there，do you know?—There are twenty girls.A．One third B．Two thirdsC．One quarter( B )17.(2017中考预测)About ________ of the earth ________ covered with water，but we have less and less available fresh water.A．three fouth；isB．three fourths；isC．three fourth；are。

专题十一动词的时态,贵阳中考命题规律及趋势动词的时态是贵阳中考单项选择题中的高频考点。

语句设置多为两个单句，词数在10～15，其语境设置灵活，大多没有明显的时间状语提示，需要分析另一语句的语境和时态来判断动作的先后顺序，淡化了古板的依赖时间状语提示来判定时态的考查方式。

现在完成时为每年必考的时态，过去进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时为常考点。

一般过去时为高频考点，一般现在时和现在进行时为轮考点。

对一般现在时的考查也会和“主将从现”相结合，如对if引导的时间状语遵循“主将从现”原则的考查。

,贵阳中考重难点突破八种基本时态一般现在时→do/does一般过去时→did一般将来时→Will/shall do，be going to do现在进行时→am/is/are doing过去进行时→was/were doing现在完成时→has/have done过去完成时→had done现在完成进行时→Has/have been doing1．常见的八种时态的构成及用法名称用法动词形式(以do为例)常用时间状语例句一般现在时1.现在的状态2．经常性或习惯性的动作3．主语具备的性格或能力I/We/You/Theydo…He/She/Itdoes…in themorning/afternoon/eveningtwice a montheveryday/morning/Sundayon Sundaysalways，usually，often，sometimes1.She istwelve.2．I get up at6：30 everyday.3．She likesswimming.一般过去时1.过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态2．过去经常或反复I/We did…You did…He/She/Itdid…They did…yesterday(morning/afternoon)lastnight/Sunday，in 1990two days ago1.I got up at6：30yesterday.2．He alwayswent to workby bus last发生的动作always，usually，often，sometimes，just nowyear.一般将来时1.将来某时间要发生的动作或存在的状态2．将来经常或反复发生的动作I shall do…I'm going todo…We/You/They/He/She/It willdo…We/You/Theyare going todo…He/She/It isgoing to do…tomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening)nextyear/month/weekin the futuresoon，from nowon1.I will go tomyhometown nextweek.2．I'll cometo see youevery Sunday.3．I'm goingto swimtomorrowafternoon.续表名称用法动词形式(以do为例)常用时间状语例句现在进行时现在或当前一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作I'm doing…He/She/It isdoing…We/You/Theyare doing…nowat presentLook!Listen！1.She iswatering theflowers.2．Are theyworking now?3．Look！Theyare playingbasketball.过去进行时过去某一时刻或某一段正在进行的动作I/He/She/Itwasdoing…We/You/Theywere doing…this timeyesterdayat ten o'clockyesterdayat that timewhen he cameback at thatmoment1.We werereading inclass thistimeyesterday.2．I wasdrawing apicture whenthe teachercame in.现在完成时1.过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果2．表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态He/She/It hasdone…We/You/Theyhave done…Already，yet，just，beforenever，everfor threeyearssince 1990since I wasbornthese daysin the pastfive yearsso far1.I've alreadyposted theletter.2．We haveknown eachother for tenyears.3．They livedhere since1997.4．Have youever been toBeijing？过去完成过去某一时间前已经发生的动作I/We/You/He/She/It hadby the endof…1.I hadlearned 2 000时或状态done…when＋一般过去时before＋一般过去时一般过去时＋after＋过去完成时words by the end of lastterm. 2．When I got out，the bus had alreadyleft.现在完成进行时过去的一段时间里一直进行的动作，这个动作可能仍在进行，也可能继续进行下去I/We/You/Theyhave beendoing…He/She/It hasbeendoing…since nineo'clockfor five hours1.I have beenskating forfive hours.2．She hasbeen skatingsince nineo'clock.2.动词的五种基本形式变化表英语动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。

（贵阳专版）中考英语命题研究第二部分语法专题突破篇专题一名词（精讲）试题贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势编者按：系统分析贵阳近5年试题，重点是单项选择、完形填空、词语运用题，逐命题点统计考查频次，表格直观呈现，并在各命题后批注考情，便于快速把握重点，逐一攻克。

workers38two weeks/threehours/four__miles1分60 pictures/stores/prices1分63 ideas/news/keys 1分69 work/fun/money 1分70 time/advice/stress1分201234 oranges/tomatoes/broccoli1分56 coffee/water/tea1分66 friend/driver/dentist1分67 invitation/gift/idea1分33fiveminute's/five__minutes'/fiveminutes1分名词单复数201686 time→times1分201588river→riverspicture→pictures1分90 information→information1分201491 ear→ears1分201381 foot→feet1分分析贵阳近5年中考真题可以看出，名词为单项选择题的必考点，且近两年偏向名词词义在语境中的辨析，句子设置的语境贴近学生生活实际。

对名词单复数的考查会和词义辨析结合，注重对语境的考查。

对名词所有格的考查也会和单复数结合，侧重于不规则变化的名词复数。

设题形式均为简单句，以两个单句为主，一个句子提供语境，另一个句子设题，词数在9～12个。

另外，完形填空和词语运用中也会涉及对名词的考查，完形填空侧重考查名词的词义辨析，而词语运用则侧重对名词单复数的所有格以及名词与其他同类的辨析的考查。

预测2017年贵阳中考的单项选择仍会考查名词词义辨析题，且与语境紧密结合。

2024人教版中考语法专题突破专题三形容词和副词形容词和副词思维导图考点1：形容词1.形容词的用法功能位置示例修饰名词和enough时，一般放在其前面She is a happy girl.她是一个快乐的女孩。

作定语修饰复合不定代词时，必须后置I have something important to tell you.我有很重要的事情告诉你。

作表语放在系动词后面作表语。

常见的系动词有：be，look，sound，smell，taste，feel，seem，get，turn，become等The soup smells delicious.这汤闻起来真鲜美。

★常见的只能作表语的形容词：alone，afraid，asleep，awake，alive，well，ill等作宾语补足语放在宾语之后，对其补充说明，常与make，find，keep等动词连用Keep the classroom clean and tidy，please.请保持教室干净整洁。

【知识拓展】1.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数。

常见的这类形容词有：good，bad，rich，poor，young，old，deaf，blind，living，dead等。

如：The old are happy in the park because they have a lot to do.老人们在公园很开心，因为他们有很多事可做。

2.多个形容词作前置定语修饰名词时的顺序口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。

如：a nice large square old brown wooden table一张又大又漂亮的古老的棕色方木桌2.形容词相关的构词法1）常见的形容词前缀构成方法意义示例un-/in-/im-/dis-表示否定lucky→unlucky；direct→indirect；honest→dishonest a-形容词，表示处于某种状态sleep→asleep；wake→awake2）常见的形容词后缀类别构成方法意义示例表示天气的名词-y 充满……的；多……的cloud→cloudy；sun→sunny表示方位的名词-ern 朝……方向的west→western；east→eastern表示身份/时间的名词-ly ……般的；每……的friend→friendly；month→monthly表示物质的名词-en ……材质的wood→wooden；gold→golden表示大洲与国家的名词-n ……（人）的Asia→Asian；America→American表示人或物性质的动词-ed/-ing感到……的；令人……的relax→relaxed；surprise→surprising表示抽象意义的名词/动词-y；-al；-ful/-less；-able……的；无……的luck→lucky；success→successful；hope→hopeless考点2：副词1.副词的分类类别用法示例时间副词在句子中作时间状语now；today；then地点副词一般放在句末here；inside；somewhere方式副词大多由“形容词＋­ly”构成，放在不及物动词之后或放在句末carefully；successfully；wildly程度副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词之前much；too；quite频度副词一般放在行为动词之前，助动词、情态动词和be动词之后never；seldom；often疑问副词引导特殊疑问句when；how；why连接副词引导宾语从句或接动词不定式when；why；where关系副词引导定语从句where；when；why 【知识拓展】1.Why was Alice late？爱丽丝为什么迟到了？（why作疑问副词）2.I don’t know why Alice was late for school.我不知道爱丽丝为什么上学迟到了。

专题十构词法,贵阳中考命题规律及趋势英语词汇的学习和运用离不开构成法。

掌握构成法，不仅能帮助我们扩展词汇，而且能丰富我们的语言，提高我们的语言表达能力。

对阅读和书面表达能力有一定的帮助。

,贵阳中考重难点突破英语单词的构成方式主要有：合成法、转化法，派生法。

此外还有截短法、混合法和首字母缩略法。

1.合成法：把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。

(1) 合成名词名词/代词＋名词：spaceship宇宙飞船blood­test验血she­wolf母狼 classroom教室名词＋动词­ing形式：handwriting书法machine­building机器制造名词＋及物动词＋er/or：pain­killer止痛药形容词＋名词：shorthand速记 highway公路及物动词＋名词：breakfast早餐pickpocket扒手动词­ing形式＋名词：flying­fish飞鱼waiting­room候车室sleeping­pill安眠药副词＋动词：outbreak爆发 output输出 downfall垮台 input输入动词＋副词：turn­off断开get­together联欢会；座谈会介词/副词＋名词：afternoon午后(2)合成形容词形容词/数词＋名词＋­ed：kind­hearted仁慈的cold­blooded冷血的one­eyed独眼的three­legged三条腿的名词＋名词＋­ed：potato­shaped马铃薯形状的名词/代词＋动词过去分词：hand­made手工的，self­educated自学的，radio­equipped无线电装备的名词/代词＋形容词：color­blind色盲的形容词＋名词：left­hand左撇子的形容词＋动词­ing形式：good­looking相貌好看的easy­going脾气随和的副词＋动词­ing形式：hard­working students勤劳的far­reaching深远的long­lasting耐用的副词＋形容词：ever­green trees常青树形容词＋形容词：light­blue浅蓝色的动词＋副词：see­through透明的介词＋名词：downhill下坡的uphill上山的(3)合成动词副词＋动词：ill­treat虐待undergo经历overhear(无意)听见overthrow推翻名词/代词＋动词：water­ski滑水mass­produce大规模生产sleep­walk梦游形容词＋动词：blacklist列入黑名单white­wash粉刷safe­guard保卫(4)合成副词副词＋副词：however但是moreover而且， therefore代词＋副词：anywhere任何地方whatever无论什么 somewhere某处 nowhere无处 everywhere到处副词＋名词：downstairs在楼下 upstairs在楼上 upward向上 downward向下 westward向西 eastward 向东形容词＋名词：anyway无论如何(5)合成代词 some，any，no可以与­thing，­one，­body合成代词。