2015成人英语三级考试翻译辅导

第四章翻译第一节考试大纲对翻译的要求见考试内容部分.第二节英译汉一、概述英译汉相对于汉译英要简单一些,考生只要理解了句子的含义,就不难把英语翻译成汉语。

但是要做到英文达意,仍需要注意一些问题。

从近两年来看,英译汉的句子偏长,通常包含从句或特殊句型,要把这些句子翻译得语意准确,通顺流畅,考生应该注意翻译技巧。

二、翻译技巧与真题解析(一语序在英汉翻译当中,一般要尽量按照英文的语序翻译,这样做最大的好处是译文自然易读,且译来省事。

但在许多时候,尤其是在书面或正式问题中,则需要改变译文的顺序,在很大程度上这是因为中英文本身存在不同。

以下是几种常见的需改变语序的情况。

1、短语. 中英文由于语言习惯不同,有许多语序上的细小差别。

以下是几个例子。

地址:His address is 3612 Market Street,Philadelphia,PA-19104,USA.他的地址是美国宾夕法尼亚费城市场街3612号,邮政编码19104。

时间地点:My uncle passes away in hospital at 2:30 am,on September 12,1999.我的伯父于1999年9月12日凌晨2点30分在医院去世。

East China/South Shanxi Plateau华东/晋南高原back and forth,to and fro前前后后,来来往往短语翻译的语序是比较好掌握的一部分,因为考生如果不是过分囿于英文原题,就会按照中文的自然语序来翻译。

2、定语结构中文中定语结构往往在所修饰词的前面,而英文中定语结构则多在后面,尤其是当定语较长时。

当定语结构过长时,则需要对顺序作出一些调整。

3、状语结构英文中句子成分往往是根据重要性来排列,因此状语从句常见于主句之后;而中文中的状语从句则常置于主句之前。

即遵循先条件从句后主句,先原因后结果,先目的后结果的顺序。

例1 The first two must be equal for all who are being compared,if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话,那么对所有被比较的人来说,前两个因素必须是相同的。

2015年成人英语三级考试英汉互译日常练习1. 我认为年轻人应该能够有自己作决定的自由和空间。

I think young people should have the freedom and the space to make their own decisions.2. 由于奥运会规模越来越大，为了大多数的城市将没有能力举办。

The Olympic Games are growing so big that most cities may not be able to host them in future.3. 当奥运会结束后，所有累积的专业经验就消失，使下一届主办城市必须一切从零开始。

Currently，once the Games are finished，all the gathered expertise vanishes and the next city has to begin from scratch.4. 除了一般大学程度的课程之外，卢浮学院也提供大众免费的夜间艺术史课程。

The Ecole du Louvre，in addition to its regular university-level curricula，offers free public evening classes in art history.5. 你会相信咖啡有助于保护你的脑部免收一种危险的退化性疾病的侵袭吗?Would you believe coffee and help protect your brain from a dangerous degenerative disease?6. The two of us sit on chairs and stare upward and around until closing time，watching the sun illuminate the stained glass panes deep red，blue，gold， and a near blinding white. On the way out，someone coughs，and the sound goes on and on—acoustics in this chapel are remarkable.(英译汉)我们俩坐在椅子上向上及四周凝视直到教堂关门，看着太阳照亮窗格中的彩色玻璃，有深红、蓝色、金色，及眩目的白色。

1、Wearing a seat belt saves lives;it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.2、But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.3、However，you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle;or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle;or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.4、Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so，and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.5、Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age，and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.6、With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University，he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.7、Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain，which relate to intellect(智能)and emotion，and determine the human character.8、Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties，but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.9、The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns .10、White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are，however，as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker，bus driver and shop assistant.1、系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。

2014年成人英语三级考试英汉互译复习题15-成人英语三级考试2014年成人英语三级考试英汉互译复习题提供给各位考生备考，希望对大家有所帮助！查看汇总：2014年成人英语三级考试英汉互译复习题汇总1. 若遇着晴天，人的影子迅速地在路上移动着，好像看电影似的，非常有趣;雨天，路太坏了，不但感不到什么好处，而且非常恨这块地方。

下雪天，不待说，这儿是最令人留连的了!雪景，白茫茫的一片，亮晶晶的冰条，挂在屋檐上、树枝上，再加上一眼望过去的白皑皑的冰山，简直令你忘记了此身还在人间。

其实这些景致并不算稀奇，最妙的还是堆积在松枝上的白雪，当着行人从底下经过时，它突然轻轻地打了下来，弄得你满头满身都是雪。

有时恰好落在日本的少女头上，或者粉颈上，她们那*滴滴的叫笑声，和泛着桃红色的两颊，真有描写不出的美丽。

On a fine day，I enjoyed watching them like on television. On a rainy day，however，the bad condition of the track was abominable. The place was，however，very charming on a snowy day when all was white. Glittering icicles hanging from eaves of houses and branches of trees plus the snow-crapped mountains insight would make you feel like living in and earthly paradise. Snow falling off branches of pines and firs would land all over on pedestrians. When it happened to land on young girl’s heads or their delicate necks，their sweet giggles and rosy cheeks would form a picture of indescribable beauty.2. The world is filled with unlikely friendships. How did they begin，with one person desperately in need and another willing to lend a helping hand. When such kindness is offered，we are finally able to see the worth of those we have previously written off，and before we‘ve known it，a bond has formed，regardless of whether others can understand it. Yes，unlikely friendships start up everyday，no one understands this more than the lonely，in fact，and it’s what they count on. (英译汉)世界上到处都是不太可能的友谊。

成人英语三级考试英汉翻译练习资料（一）to communicate precisely what you want to say.you will frequently need to define key words.a.无论你想说什么，要做到简明扼要，关键就是要对词进行定义。

b.只要定义频繁出现的关键词就能准确传达本意。

c.要准确表达你的本意，就必须不断定义关键词。

d.要简明扼要地表达本意，就必须不断定义关键词。

the company’s cost peaked at us$10 milli on in june before dropping drastically down tous$3million in october.a.之前公司成本在10月份为300万美元。

现在6月份又回升至1000万美元。

b.公司成本在6月达到顶峰，即1000万美元，然后急剧下降，到10月降为300万美元。

c.公司成本的最高值出现在6月，即1000万美元，然后在10月前狂降至300万美元。

d.公司6月的成本值为l000万美元，10月的成本值为300万美元。

【答案】c—d—b—a【难点分析】本句的翻译要点在于正确理解动词不定式“to communicate precisely what…”在句中充当目的状语，意为“为了准确表达……”，而句子的主体部分则说明了达到此目的的手段“you will frequently need to…”(需要经常……)。

需要注意的是“precisely”(准确地)与“concisely”(简明扼要地)在词形上较接近，要加以区别。

比较四个选项可以发现，选项c的翻译最贴近原文。

选项d的不妥之处在于将“precisely”误译为“简明扼要地”。

选项b错误理解了动词不定式的功能，将原来的目的与手段的关系译为结果与充要条件的关系，与原文有偏差;同时把修饰“定义关键词”这一动作的“frequently”当作名词“关键词”的修饰语，译为“频繁出现的关键词”，因而不妥。

20１７年成人英语三级考试口语互译辅导１1．Ｉｎadｄition to the ｏbvｉouｓｐrobｌeｍ——lonｅlinｅsｓ，anoｔher mａｊor obstａcle，in my opiniｏｎ，ｉs the alien enｖiｒonment ｏf camｐus．除了孤独这一明显的问题之外，我认为另一个困难是对校园环境的不熟悉。

２．Fｒeshmen often get lｏst ｏｎｃampuｓ;ｆail tｏfｉｎd the way to dｏrｍiｔory or library.新生常常在校园迷路,不知道去宿舍或图书馆该怎么走。

3. Mosｔimporｔanｔof aｌｌ，ａparｔfrom their ｈoｍeｔｏwn a ｎd parenｔs, students couldｎ't ｃａtch sight of aｎy familiａｒfacｅand have to suffer from homeｌeｓｓneｓｓ，whichｃan caｕse ｃertａinｓeｒioｕs meｎtal ｄiseａse.更重要的是，离开了家乡和父母,看不到任何熟悉的面孔,他们不得不忍受思家之苦，这可能会导致严重的精神疾病。

4. In ｔhe firｓt plaｃｅ，sｃｈool autｈｏrｉties ｓhould proviｄe far moｒｅｓerｖiceｓto heｌp freshmｅn to gｅt ｕsedｔo tｈｅnｅw lifｅas ｓoon as ｐossiblｅ．首先，学校应提供更多的服务,帮助新生尽快适应新的生活。

5.The sｅnior anｄjuｎiｏr stｕｄents cｏｕld share ｔheｉr own experiｅnce abｏｕt how tｏoｖｅrｃome thｅｄｉfficuｌty they have evｅr met，how to adjust to the new environｍｅｎt ｗith the neｗ高年级学生可以与新生一起分享他们的经历:如何克服遇到的困难,如何适应新的环境。

1. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.2. 在建立个人网站前，先问问自己，为什么想要一网站，想要达到的目标是什么。

Before you build a personal site， ask yourself why you want one， and what you want to accomplish.3. 在造访一个提供网站空间服务的网站时，你会看到种类繁多的方案可供选择，哪一种价位可以给你多少网络空间及多大的传输流量。

When you visit the site of a Web host，you’ll see a wide variety of plans-so much space and so much network traffic for so much money.4. 典型的网站包括图像、文字及图片，比较精心制作的网站还有动画、影像、声音和其他额外的内容。

Web site typically contain graphics， texts and pictures， while more elaborate ones include animation， video， audio and other extras.5. 关于网站设计，有许多是很吸引人的，也有许多则令人泄气。

There are many things about Web sites that are appealing and many that are just plain frustrating.6. Pizza came to the U. S. with Italian immigrants; the first U. S. pizzeria opened in 1905，and pizza became one of the nation’s favourite foods after World War Ⅱ。

2015年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign state in Western Europe,occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland.The capital and largest city is Dublin,whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country’s 4.6million inhabitants.The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland.It is a unitary,parliamentary republic with an elected president serving as head of state.The head of government is nominated by the lower house of parliament.Following the Irish War of Independence and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty,Ireland gained independence from the United Kingdom in1922.Initially a dominion,Ireland received official British recognition of full legislative independence in the Statute of Westminster of1931.A new constitution was adopted in1937,by which the name of the state became“Ireland.”In1949,Ireland was declared a republic under the Republic of Ireland act 1948.Ireland ranks among the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita.In1973,Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted in rapid economic growth,coupled with a dramatic rise in inequality.The country achieved considerable prosperity from1995to2007.This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in2008,in conjunction with the concurrent global economic crash.In2011and2013Ireland was ranked as the seventh-most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index.It also performs well in several metrics of national performance,including freedom of the press,economic freedom and civil liberties.It pursues a policy of neutrality through non-alignment.The population of Ireland stood at4,588,252in2011,an increase of8.2percent since2006.As of2011, Ireland had the highest birth rate in the European Union(16births per1,000of population).In2012,35.1percent of births were to unmarried women.Annual population growth rates exceeded2percent during the2002-2006 period,which was attributed to high rates of natural increase and immigration.This rate declined somewhat during the subsequent2006-2011period,with an average growth rate of1.6percent.Ireland ranks fifth in the world in terms of gender equality.In2011,Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe,and second most charitable in the world.Contraception was controlled in Ireland until1979, however,the receding influence of the Catholic Church has led to an increasingly secularized society.In1983, the Eighth Amendment recognized“the right to life of the unborn”,subject to qualifications concerning the“equal right to life”of the mother.The passage of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments guarantees the right to have an abortion performed abroad,and the right to learn about“services”that are illegal in Ireland,but legal abroad.The prohibition on divorce in the1937Constitution was repealed in1995under the Fifteenth Amendment. Divorce rates in Ireland are very low compared to European Union averages while the marriage rate in Ireland is slightly above the European Union average.Capital punishment is constitutionally banned in Ireland,while discrimination based on age,gender,sexual orientation,marital or familial status,religion and race is illegal.Ireland became the first country in the world to introduce an environmental levy for plastic shopping bags in2002and a public smoking ban in2004.Recycling in Ireland is carried out extensively and Ireland has the second highest rate of packaging recycling in the European Union.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into English.冲突对抗，是构建中美新型大国关系的必要前提。

2015年成人英语三级考试典型题目及范文Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Machine Translation and Human Translation. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1)现在诸多的电子辞典及相关翻译软件被开发出来，人们不再需要翻阅厚重的字典。

2)有人认为以后机器翻译会完全取代人工翻译。

3)你是否同意这种观点，为什么？【思路点拨】本题属于提纲式文字命题。

提纲第1点指出一种新兴事物，提纲第2点针对该事物提出一种有争议的观点，提纲第3点要求表明“我”是否同意这种观点，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：描述电子辞典和翻译软件的使用现状，引出机器翻译会代替人工翻译的观点;表明“我”对这一观点的态度并说明理由;总结“我”的观点，提出建议。

【参考范文】Machine Translation and Human Translation In recent years, all kinds of electronic dictionaries and translation software have been developed. With the development of technology, these electronic dictionaries and software can help us translate not only words and phrases but even sentences and paragraphs. So some people come to the conclusion that machine translation will replace traditional human translation. However, I couldn't agree with this argument. Admittedly, translation machines and software bring much convenience for our study and our work. With them, we needn't bother to leaf through the heavy dictionaries. However, machine translation has its disadvantages. First, generally speaking, translation software only can give direct translation, which is sometimes not in accordance with the original articles in logic and meaning. Second, some people depend on electronic dictionaries and software too much, which is unfavorable to their improvement in language ability. Considering the above-mentioned, I think that machine translation cannot replace human translation, but it is a good complementary to human translation. Therefore, we should combine machine translation with human translation efficiently.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Certificate Craze on Campus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1)近几年大学校园内出现“考证热”2)产生这一现象的原因3)你的看法【思路点拨】本题属于提纲式文字命题。