专业英语课后习题答案.doc

b-毗喘pyridine 巴比妥酸:barbituric acid 比电导conductance 不规则的:irregular 崩解剂disintegrantC--萃取extraction 成团:ogglomerotion 测量仪measurement 肠液:intestinol fluid d-胆固醇cholestero 对映体:enontiomer 电极electrode 代谢:metobolism f-反相渗透reverse osmosis 分布:dispositiong-构象：conformotion 固化:solidize卜-甲苯toluene 静脉注:introvenous injection 挤压:compress聚集:aggregate 胶囊capsuleI一粒子:particle 立体选择性:stereoselectivity 利用率:availability灭菌产品sterile products n—粘合剂odhesiveP—偏振光:polarized light 片剂tablet 酉己剂elixir 排泄:excretionq一起女台原料starting materials(raw materials) q 醛aldehyde「一溶解度:solubility 乳剂emulsion 润滑剂lubricants-释放:release 渗液solution 生物膜:biologic membrane 生物碱okoloid, t…糖浆syrup 甜味剂sweetenerw-丸剂pill 微生物microorganism 胃液:gastric fluid 稳定态:steady-statex-・旋光异构现象:optical isomerism 悬浮液suspension 香味剂flavor 稀释剂diluent 形状:shape 吸收absorption 消除:eliminationy-胰岛素insulin 压片:tablet compressionz-中间体intermediote 重结晶recrystallization 左旋:levorotation蒸徭distillation 组织tissuea-asymmetric carb on 不对称碳absorption 吸收action 动作odhesive 粘合剂c-contamination 污染chirality:手性compress 压缩composite 合成的compressibility:可压缩性compaction:压紧contaminotion specialize 特殊污染conductivity 电导率control控制clinical:临床的d- design:设计dry:干燥delivery:传送e-巳xtgnd:延长epoxide:环氧化物f- formulation:$ij 剂fluidity:流动性function:功能g- geometric isomerism:几何异构h- hormone 激素hydrolysis diastereoisomer:水解非对映异构体heterogeneous catalyst 多相催化剂，i- irrigating 冲洗m- metabolite代谢物medication药物治疗medicine内服药mill:研磨measure 尺寸mix:混合microorganisms 微生物o- ophthalmic 眼药p- polysaccharide 多糖peptide 肽plosmo 血浆penicillin 青霉素，precursor:前体partition coefficient:狭义分配系数pharmaceutical 制药的parenteral 注射药物pycogens 热源procedure:程序q- quality 性质quantity 数量s- steroid 笛类steric effect:空间效应stereoselectivity:^体选择性screening:过筛sustain :维持t-- treo t 治疗therapy:治疗u-uniformity 目标v-vaccine 疫苗Unitl P71、Answer the following questions:(1) How mony groups can pharmaceutical agents be split into depending on theirproduction or origin?©totally syn thetic materials (synthetics) ® na tural produ cts® produ cts from partial syn theses (semi-sy nthetic products)(2) CQn you illustrate ony sign ificant examples of pharmaceutical agents obtained by total synthesis?L-aminexhleramphomicalxaffeine^opamine^Epi nephrine,Lerodapa,peptide,hormones.Prestaglandi ng, P_Pouricollamine z Vincamine,(3) What is the difference between the synthetic drugs and traditional Chinese herbal medicine?synthetic drugs include the most import ant of synthetics and semi-sythetic products, however, natural products are frequently needed as starting materials or intermediates for important synthetic products.2s生物碱4、Introduction of Nucleic acidsNucleic acids ore polyanionic molecules of high molecular weight. These polymers are composed of a sequence of subunits or nucleotides so that the whole is usually termed a polynucleotide・ The nucleic acids are of two main varieties, rib on ucleic (RNA) ond deoxyrib on ucleic (DNA). DNA is fou nd primorily in the chromatin to the cell nucleus, whereas 90% of RNA is presented in the cell cytoplasm and 10% in the nucleolus. The two classes of nucleic acids are distinguished primary on basis of the five-carbon atom sugar of pentose present. Two general kinds of bases are found in all nucleic acids. One type is a derivative of the parent compound purine・ Principle examples are guanine and adenine. The second class of bases found in all nucleic acid is derived from the pare nt compound pyrimidine ・介绍核酸核酸是超高分子量聚阴离子分子。

专业英语课后习题答案Chapter1I. 1.Application software2. -128 1273. system software4. hardware system software system5.microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, supercomputersII. 1. false 2. false 3. false 4. true 5.trueIII. (1) b (2) c (3)a (4) dIV. (1)编码技术(2)应用软件(3) 浮点数据(4)分时(5)存储容量VIII．1.By using various coding techniques, groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers but also other discrete symbols通过应用多种编码技术，一组二进制数字不但可以表示二进制数据，而且还可以表示其它的离散符号2.System software includes not only the complex programs used by technicians to create application software in the first place but also the organizational programs needed to start up the computer and govern its use of other programs.系统软件不仅包括技术人员用于创建应用软件的复杂程序，而且还包括用于启动计算机和提供给其他程序使用的管理程序。

3.Data are numbers and other binary-code information that are operated on to achieve required computational results.数据是数字和其他的二进制代码信息，通过处理这些数据得到所需要的计算结果。

Unit 7 P56I、Translate the following words into Chinese1、Reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土2、Rolled-steel轧制钢3、Weldability可焊性4、Aggregate骨料5、Mortar砂浆6、Deformation变形II、Translate the following words into English1、冲击荷载shock loading2、软钢，低碳钢mild steel/low carbon steel3、冷拉hard drawn4、黏土砖clay brick5、收缩shrinkageIII、Translate the following sentence into Chinese1、The modern civil engineer needs to deal with a variety of materials that are oftenintegrated in the same structure , such as steel and concrete , or are used separatelyfor construction projects , such as pavement form asphalt and Portland cementconcrete.现代土木工程师需要处理大量建筑材料。

有时多种材料使用在同一结构中，如钢筋和混凝土；有时建筑材料被分别使用在单独的建筑项目中，例如沥青路面和硅酸盐水泥混凝土。

2、The useful engineering properties of both unalloyed and allyed aluminum are lowspecific gravity , resistance to corrosion , high electrical conductivity and excellentforming properties.铝和铝合金的有用的工程特性都是低比重，耐腐蚀，导电性能高和成型性能好。

大学专业英语教材答案[注意：本文仅作为样例，内容为编者根据问题描述自行创作，与真实教材答案无关]Unit 1: Introduction to MajorExercise 1:1. c. program2. b. experience3. a. theory4. d. practical5. c. valuableExercise 2:1. major2. education3. career4. opportunities5. specializedUnit 2: Academic SkillsExercise 1:1. d. summarize2. b. analyze3. c. evaluate4. a. interpret5. a. developExercise 2:1. analytical2. critical thinking3. research4. academic writing5. effective communicationUnit 3: Professional Development Exercise 1:1. d. networking2. a. internships3. c. workshops4. b. mentorship5. a. leadershipExercise 2:1. professional skills2. industry trends3. internships4. networking events5. career guidanceUnit 4: Specialized Courses Exercise 1:1. b. algorithms2. c. databases3. d. programming languages4. a. cybersecurity5. c. artificial intelligence Exercise 2:1. practical application2. cutting-edge technology3. hands-on experience4. specialized knowledge5. problem-solving skills Unit 5: Global Perspective Exercise 1:1. c. cultural diversity2. a. international cooperation3. d. global challenges4. b. language proficiency5. c. cross-cultural communication Exercise 2:1. international exposure2. intercultural competence3. global issues4. language proficiency5. cross-border collaborationUnit 6: Advanced Research Exercise 1:1. a. methodology2. c. data analysis3. b. literature review4. d. research findings5. a. hypothesesExercise 2:1. research design2. data collection3. statistical analysis4. research findings5. academic publicationsUnit 7: Career Prospects Exercise 1:1. b. employment opportunities2. a. job market3. d. professional qualifications4. c. salary expectations5. b. career progression Exercise 2:1. job prospects2. industry demand3. professional certifications4. salary negotiations5. career advancement总结：大学专业英语教材提供了学生在各个领域中提升专业技能和知识的机会。

大学专业用途英语课后习题答案1. You'd better ( ) a copy of the whole article for yourself. [单选题] *A. make(正确答案)B. makingC. to makeD. made2. He is very strict. It is no use ( ) yourself to him. [单选题] *A. explainedB. to explainC. explaining(正确答案)D. explain3. All people must pull together ( ) the project can be finished on schedule. [单选题] *A. as thoughB. ifC. even thoughD. in order that(正确答案)4. I wish I ( ) shopping with you yesterday, because I was very bored at home then. [单选题] *A. had gone(正确答案)B. would goC. could have goneD. went5. If ( ) in a warm place, these flowers will bloom in late May. [单选题] *A. to plantB. planted(正确答案)C. plantD. planting6. My father recommended two new books to me, ( ) seemed to be very interesting. [单选题] *A. both of thatB. all of thatC. both of which(正确答案)D. all of which7. Tom will never forget the days ( ) he lived in the remote village with his parents. [单选题] *A. whatB. whichC. when(正确答案)D. why8. Don't expect too much from her. The more you expect, ( ) you will become. [单选题] *A. the disappointedB. more disappointedC. the most disappointedD. the more disappointed(正确答案)9. The weather is quite fine. Let's go swimming, ( )？ [单选题] *A. will youB. shall we(正确答案)C. do weD. do you10. There is no doubt that the residents living in this building can have free ( ) to the swimming pool. [单选题] *A. excessB. access(正确答案)C. accelerateD. assess11. If you want to strengthen your friendship with your friends, you should ( ) more time communicating with them. [单选题] *A. spend(正确答案)B. takeC. payD. cost12. Tom has been nervous for three days, since he will have a(n) ( ) for the manager's job. [单选题] *A. reviewB. viewC. chatD. interview(正确答案)13. But for your advice, I ( ) the task arranged by the leader yesterday. [单选题] *A. shall not finishB. could not have finished(正确答案)C. shall finishD. could finish14. The aim of this meeting is ( ) how to solve the serious crisis. [单选题] *A. to discuss(正确答案)B. discussingC. to discussingD. discussed15. This building is named ( ) his name in memory of his great invention. [单选题] *A. upB. after(正确答案)C. atD. in16. ( ) are quite humorous and everyone likes making friends with them. [单选题] *A. The Bushes(正确答案)B. A BushC. BushesD. The Bush17. One way to manage time wisely is to give ( ) to what is the most important. [单选题] *A. principleB. permissionC. priority(正确答案)D. process18. The teachers don't know ( ), because the meeting rooms are being decorated. [单选题] *A. where should the meeting be heldB. which should the meeting be heldC. which the meeting should be heldD. where the meeting should be held(正确答案)19. Due to the outbreak of the epidemic, many outdoor activities have been ( ). [单选题] *A. called forB. called off(正确答案)C. called backD. called in20. According to the report, some experts ( ) the shop with selling cups with insulting ads. [单选题] *A. charge(正确答案)B. accuseC. blameD. condemn21. Some people ( ) it for granted that what they pick up in the street belongs to them. [单选题] *A. makeB. take(正确答案)C. getD. regard22. Because there is enough time, the teacher advises students ( ) their papers again. [单选题] *A. examinedB. to examine(正确答案)C. to examiningD. examine23. Many people suffer from hunger in this country ( ) the decrease of food imports this year. [单选题] *A. instead ofB. regardless ofC. due to(正确答案)D. as to24. I ( ) reading the novel by yesterday, so I buy a new novel today. [单选题] *A. had finished(正确答案)B. finishedC. finishD. would finish25. Most foreign people think ( ) very difficult to learn to write Chinese characters. [单选题] *A. thatB. thisC. it(正确答案)D. one26. Mary heard her name called by someone, whose voice was very familiar ( ) her. [单选题] *A. withB. to(正确答案)C. onD. in27. One ( ) of extra-curricular activities is that the kids involved can gain friendship. [单选题] *A. flexibilityB. benefit(正确答案)C. privilegeD. interest28. I will tell the truth to him if he ( ) the funeral the day after tomorrow. [单选题] *A. would attendB. will have attendedC. attends(正确答案)D. will attend29. His ( ) of the accident conflicted with that of the other witnesses. However, I believed what he said was true. [单选题] *A. expectationB. instructionC. responseD. account(正确答案)30. Every time I run into difficulty, he is always the first ( ) help. [单选题] *A. to be offeredB. to offer(正确答案)C. offerD. offering31. Many women have to resign in order to ( ) their children wholeheartedly. [单选题] *A. bring up(正确答案)B. put upC. break upD. build up32. My good friend Lily told me that she ( ) to New York the next month. [单选题] *A. wentB. goesC. would go(正确答案)D. will have gone33. It is natural that people ( ) feel upset for no reason. It usually won't last too long. [单选题] *A. sometimes(正确答案)B. some timesC. a timeD. some time34. Our company wants to invest in the property market, so we look forward to ( ) with that company. [单选题] *A. cooperateB. cooperating(正确答案)C. cooperatedD. being cooperated35. It is really ( ) to borrow money from your elder sister just to help a selfish stranger pay off his debt. [单选题] *A. ridiculous(正确答案)B. stubbornC. splendidD. popular36. The kids in the kindergarten help each other and never quarrel, thus creating a ( ) atmosphere. [单选题] *A. commonB. lonelyC. peaceful(正确答案)D. steady37. You ( ) to make so many preparations; the job has been assigned to an experienced fellow. [单选题] *A. needn't have bothered(正确答案)B. shouldn't have botheredC. mustn't have botheredD. couldn't have bothered38. ( ) in the park yesterday afternoon, my mother met an old friend. [单选题] *A. To walkB. Walking(正确答案)C. WalkD. Walked39. Mary behaved in a specially confident manner ( ) she had understood the problem completely. [单选题] *A. as if(正确答案)B. whetherC. althoughD. than40. As we all know, success results from hard work; ( ) efforts, nothing can be achieved. [单选题] *A. except forB. without(正确答案)C. despiteD. besides41. His advice is that your father ( ) more exercise outdoors in the morning. [单选题] *A. doneB. will doC. should do(正确答案)D. does42. From this book, you can know ( ) those animals escape from their natural enemies. [单选题] *A. whoB. how(正确答案)C. whereD. it43. Plants are very ( ) to climate change. Therefore, many tree species are faced with extinction because of global warming. [单选题] *A. sensibleB. consciousC. sensitive(正确答案)D. independent44. His two dogs made a mess in his room, ( ) he didn't want to punish them. [单选题] *A. andB. orC. becauseD. but(正确答案)45. Hearing the words, he didn't seem to be offended; ( ), he looked very happy. [单选题] *A. in a wordB. in other wordsC. on the wholeD. on the contrary(正确答案)46. ( ) the salary is rather low, many young people have resigned in recent months. [单选题] *A. Because(正确答案)B. ForC. AfterD. So that47. What the little girl wants ( ) a pen, and what her elder brother wants ( ) two books. [单选题] *A. are; areB. is; isC. is; are(正确答案)D. are; is48. Most universities don't ( ) that every student can graduate with a certificate if they don't study hard. [单选题] *A. guarantee(正确答案)B. provideC. requireD. complete49. The company has recently taken on fifty people ( ) live in the local area. [单选题] *A. whichB. whoseC. thoseD. who(正确答案)50. All the afternoon my colleagues and I ( ) a report in the meeting room. [单选题] *A. prepareB. were to prepareC. have been preparing(正确答案)D. had been preparing5I. It is no use worrying about the future all the time. No one knows what will ( ) next minute. [单选题] *A. take placeB. get onC. disappearD. happen(正确答案)52. Alice, please turn down the music. I ( ) an important phone call at present. [单选题] *A. answerB. answeredC. have answeredD. am answering(正确答案)53. After you use my dictionary and English book, you should place them ( ) they used to be. [单选题] *A. the momentB. where(正确答案)C. whenD. that54. ( ) runs the fastest in the competition will be given an expensive prize. [单选题] *A. Whoever(正确答案)B. WhomeverC. WhomD. Who55. If you want these new employees to work out the answer, two hours and a half ( ) not enough. [单选题] *A. to beB. beingC. areD. is(正确答案)56. Only after they had examined the machine for several hours ( ) the problem. [单选题] *A. they foundB. did they find(正确答案)C. they findD. do they find57. ( ), he doesn't know how to get on with other people. [单选题] *A. Adult as he is(正确答案)B. Adult he is asC. Adult he as isD. An adult as he is58. It was ( ) that they went for a picnic in the park last weekend. [单选题] *A. so nice a weatherB. such nice weather(正确答案)C. nice weather soD. too nice weather59. It is advisable to adjust the measures on the ( ) of short-time predictions. [单选题] *A. basis(正确答案)B. baseC. foundationD. ground60. ( ) slowly he runs! I don't think he may attend the lecture on time. [单选题] *A. WhatB. ItC. How(正确答案)D. Whether。

练习一参考答案1将下列句子或段落翻译成英语1)A process is any operation or series of operations that causes a physical or chemical change in asubstance or a mixture of substances .The material that enters a process is referred to as input or feed the process,and that which leaves is called output or product.2)As a chemical engineer,you might be called on to design individual process units (such as reactors,distillation columns,heat exchangers),supervise the operation of a process,or modify a process design to accommodate a change in the feed or in the desired product characteristics.As a rule,to any of these things you must know the amounts,compositions,and conditions of the materials that enter and leave each process unit,and if you are working with an existing units,you must be able to measure enough of these quantities to verify that the process is doing what it was designed to do.3)Founded in 1839from a small production firm for pharmaceutical products,B.Braun has grown steadilyinto a multinational company dealing with medical products,medical technology,pharmaceutical and biotechnology.2将下列句子或段落翻译成汉语1）包括的一系列操作，如混合、蒸发、过滤，无论产物是什么，这些操作都基本同，从而导致了单元操作的概念。

Unit 1 The Fundamentals of Computers1.1The Varieties of Computers•IIL Translating.- 1. Original: Primary storage, or memory, is the internal computer circuitry that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed. Secondary storage, simply calledstorage, refers to the devices and media that store data or information permanently ・-Translation: 一级存储，或称内存，是临时保存等待被处理数据的计算机内部电路。

而二级存储，简称存储器，是指那些永久性存储数据或信息的设备和介质。

一2. Original: A biological nanocomputer, which would be made of DNA and could fit into a single human cell, would use DNA as its software and enzymes as its hardware;its molecular-sized circuits would be viewable only through a microscope.-Translation:由DNA制成并能放置在一个单独的人体细胞屮的生物学纳米计算机会利用DNA作为它的软件，酶作为它的硬件；其具有分子大小尺寸的电路将只有通过显微镜才能够看见。

1.2The History of Computers•III. Translating・- 1. Original: This introduction brought about the first real signs of competition within computing history, which helped to spur faster and better development of computers.-Translation:这一引入带来了计算历史屮可谓第一个真正的竞争标志，有助于刺激计算机更快-更好的发展。

unit 6EmploymentWord Bankass: n. hip (top<->bottom<->margin)臀部; hip-shoot莽撞(audio-:与听力有关->) audition(interview: n./vt.-> interviewer<-> interviewee; trainer教练<->trainee受训者; addresser演讲人<->addressee听众)；employer雇主<->employee雇员): v. to take part in a trial performance试演，试播(push) cart->carriage/coach; auto-: 自动-> (auto + mobile->) automobile汽车; alto): n. the biography written by that person自传buyout: n. the entire purchase全部买下campaign: n. series of operations运动/ movement(celebrate->) celebrity: n. a famous person名人(circle园->cycle周期->recycle回收->circulate->) circulation: n. the number of copies of a publication发行量; public: (1)adj. ~property; (2)n., e.g. in public公开地；publicate =publish出版cognac: n. a brandy produced in the vicinity of cognac一种法国白兰地convention: n. (1)a formal meeting会议; 制度->conventional: adj. traditional传统的copywriter: n. one who writes copy, especially for advertising广告(文案)撰稿人；copier复印机; copyright版权(co + operate->) corporate (->corporation协作): adj. of a company公司的; student version 学生版; home version, professional version, corporate version企业版corporation: n. a company as a separate legal entity公司，法人[de-：(1)向下; (2)加强] dejected: adj. being in low (high) spirits; depressed垂头丧气的，情绪低落的; the Great Depression大萧条[monitor: (1) n. 班长/ 监视器；（2）监控] deputy: n. an assistant of authority for the superior 副手[despair: (1)n.; (2)vi.->] desperate: adj. losing all hope; despairing绝望的fold: v. to fail 失败formidable: adj. fearful; frightening可怕的，难对付的; be frightened be sth.(humiliate->) humiliation: n. degradation羞辱模糊的，难辨的: adv. (attention注意力) not attentively; carelessly未留心地，疏忽地nonprofit: adj. not seeking profits非盈利的; profit from sth.从中获利；profit sb.对…有利outsource: v. to subcontract外包: adj. excessively enthusiastic (->enthusiasm)过分热情的退休金，抚恤金激烈，e.g. ~ competition激烈的竞争) persevere: v. persist; hold on坚持不懈出版物rally: v. to reassemble; to restore , to rouse or to revive重整，重振；assemble组装->assembly lineretrospect: n. a review回顾评论; Peking Review北京周报ruse: (=trick) n. a strategy (->strategic missile战略导弹)诡计，计策;(secret: n. ->secretary->) secretarial: adj. of the secretary秘书的shorthand: n. a system of rapid handwriting速记; be short of sth. 短缺speedwriting: n. a form of shorthand that uses letters速记法temporary (->temporarily暂时地): adj. lasting for a limited time暂时的tenacity: n. perseverance坚韧(turbine涡轮->) turbulent: adj. restless; violent骚动的，动荡的Phrases and Expressionsbe on the air: to broadcast广播[On air]head for (make for / go to somewhere): to proceed for动身，前往keep sb. in line: to control sb.控制某人stand on sb's own (=self-rely): to be independent and responsible for oneself独立，自立thanks to: on account of; because of因为，由于Reading ComprehensionChoose the best for each of the following.1. Right after graduation, the author ( B )A. worked as an editor of a magazineB. co-wrote a bookC. worked in a broadcasting companyD. became a secretary2. Why was the author fired? ( C )A. Because she had illegible handwriting.B. Because she had the ass of the company heads in four colors.C. Because she made a mistake when writing letters to the heads of major corporations.D. Because the editor didn't like her.3. Sherrye Henry lost the job because ( A )A. the organization had financial troublesB. she worked for Clinton AdministrationC. she was the last one inD. she was a female4. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Lynn Sherr? ( D )A. She was ABC's award-winning television correspondent.B. She was gainfully employed at WCBS-TVC. She was fired by WCBS.D. She has never been on the air.5. What does the author hope to convey in the article? ( A )A. If fired, don't give up, and you will find a fulfilling career.B. If fired, you should find a way back.C. If fired, your wings will help you.D. Losing a job is the biggest trouble in one's life.II. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.(1) Fresh out of Barnard College and the Speedwriting Institute (Department), I was lucky enough to find a job as a (2) secretary to the editor of Coupon Magazine which was advertising dependent. I had distinctly illegible handwriting. In a letter to one of the heads of a major corporation, I (3) mistakenly wrote the d in ads as an s. The president who was invited received the letter to "have his ass in four colors" in our (4) publication. I was fired, but lucky enough to become the (5) copywriter of the editor. Firings happened later in my life. But with persistence, I gained my success. (6) Similar experiences happened to Sherrye Henry, Paul Jones, and Lynn Sherr. All of them chose to (7) persevere and they finally found ways back to a (8) fulfilling career. And they all learned that the pain and humiliation were (9) temporary. So don't be afraid to move on and try your (10) wings. Rally your support system. Firing doesn't mean your life is over. It might turn out to be the best thing that ever happened to you.VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. ___A__ your advice (->advise), much trouble was avoided.A. Thanks toB. Supposes toC. SinceD. Despite2. She was __C___ in (pursue->) pursuit (law suit诉讼案) of her singing star. She followed him on most occasions.A. excessive过度的B. spontaneous同时/ 及时的C. overzealous 可得到的A. illegibleB. illegalC. obviousD. understandable4. By the way, I __B___ really must correct a false impression that I gave just nowA. attentively关切地B. inadvertently=carelessly (不注意的, 疏忽的, 无意中做的)C. intentionally=on purpose故意地D. insensibly不明智地5. The magazine has ceased (#stopped; cease fire# stop fire) __C___ in the financial crisis.A. publicity (n. 宣传->publicize: vt.)B. (promote->加薪/晋级->) promotionC. publication (n.)D. (prominent卓越的, 显著的, 突出的->) prominence (n.)6. Grandpa, who was born at the dawn (n. /vi. 黎明) of last century, experienced one of the most ___A__ periods of history.A. (turbine->) turbulentB. practical实用的C. legendary (adj.)富有传奇色彩的; leonovoD. perfect完美无缺的7. History shows us with what ___B__ the human race survives.A. difficultyB. tenacity坚韧不拔C. trouble (n. /vt.)D. [find->found->found; found->founded->founded->] foundation (基础)8. Prisoners are purposefully and ___D__ occupied (busy), thus reducing (减少) the risk of unrest (骚动). It also helps them develop (养成) the habit of doing meaningful work.A. pleasantly (令人愉快地)B. adversely (不利的, 敌对的, 相反的)C. (destructively<->) constructively建设性地D. gainfully有益9. One's school life seems (happy->) happier in __A___ than it really was (比实际情况好).A. retrospectB. respect (n./vt.)C. (solve->solution->solvent溶剂->resolve下决心->) resolution决心D. (resist->) resistance抵制10. He hasn't decided whether to pursue the __B___ for the senate (参议院-> senator参议员).A. operationB. campaignC. (war->) battle战役D. movement运动II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. persevere rally temporary stand on one's owncelebrity humiliation convention be on the air foldtenacity head for desperate impartdeject campaign1. They are determined to (=decide to do) persevere in the fight no matter how hard (=difficult) it is.2. After negotiation, they just reached a temporary agreement.3. That program has been on the air for 10 years.4. He is the one who never folds (fails/ bends in/ gives in屈服于压力) under pressure.5. He suffered (蒙受经济损失/ 遭受精神折磨, ~from an illness/ great loss of money) the humiliation of being forced to resign (辞职).6. After the football game, the players (=sportsmen/ athletes) headed for the bus.7. At the recent convention (meeting/ conference), the Democratic Party has elected its presidential (candle->) candidates ().8. They made a desperate attempt (try孤注一掷) to save the company from bankruptcy [->bankrupt 破产的; prevent sb. from doing阻止某人做某事]9. In the long (hike->) hiking (长途跋涉), they paused to refresh (relax) themselves and rally (重整旗鼓) their strength.10. A teacher's aim is to impart (传授convey) knowledge.TranslationPut the following paragraphs into Chinese.Sherrye, returning home to New York City after a successful political career with the Clinton Administration and working on the Hill, was looking forward to a change of pace as a development officer for a large nonprofit. When the organization hit turbulent financial water, and she was the last one in, she was the first one out.Each of these people found a way back to a fulfilling career. And they all learned that the pain and humiliation are temporary. So don't be afraid to move on and try your wings. Rally your support system. Persevere! Firing doesn't mean your life is over. It might turn out to be the best thing that ever happened to you.参考译文：雪莉成功地在克林顿政府任职，在国会山工作之后回到家乡纽约市，在一家大型非营利机构做开发主管，她期望以此放缓工作节奏。

1. Put the following into Chinese.（1）Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through the resistor. The constant of proportionality is the resistance value of the resistor in ohms.流过电路里电阻的电流，与加在电阻两端的电压成正比，与电阻的阻值成反比。

这就是欧姆定律。

（2）Many materials, however, closely approximate an ideal linear resistor over a desired operating region.不过，许多材料在规定的工作范围内非常接近理想线性电阻。

（3）It should be noted that an ideal voltage source (dependent or independent ) will produce any current required to ensure that the terminal voltage is as stated, whereas an ideal current source will produce the necessary voltage to ensure the stated current flow.应该注意：一个理想电压源（独立或受控）可向电路提供任意电流以保证其端电压为规定值，而电流源可向电路提供任意电压以保证其规定电流。

（4）A different class of relationship occurs because of the restriction that some specific type of network element places on the variables. Still another class of relationship is one between several variable of the same type which occurs as the result of the network configuration, i. e., the manner in which the various element of the network are interconnected.一种不同类型的关系是由于网络元件的某种特定类型的连接对变量的约束。

Unit 1Materials science材料科学Stone age石器时代Naked eye肉眼Bronze age铜器时代Optical property光学性能Integrated circuit集成电路Mechanical strength机械强度Thermal conductivity导热“Materials science” involves investigating the relationships that exist between the structures and properties of materials. In contrast ,”materials engineering “is ,on the basis of there structure property correlations ,designing or engineering the structure of a material that produce a predetermined set of properties。

，材料工程是根据材料的结构和性质的关系来设计或操纵材料的结构以求制造出一系列可预定的性质。

从功能方面来说，材料科学家的作用是发展或合成新的材料Virtually all important properties of solid materials may be grouped into six different categories: mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical ,and deteriorative。

固体材料的所有重要的性质可以分成六个不同的种类，机械性能、电性能、热性能、磁性能、光性能和耗。

In addition to structure and properties , two other important components are involved in the sciences and engineering of materials , namely“processing”and“performance”.除了组织性能之外，另外两个重要的性质也包括在材料科学和工程之中，即“加工”和“特性”The more familiar an engineer or scientist is with the various characteristics and structure-property relationship，as well as processing techniques of material，the more proficient and confident he or she will be to make judicious materials choices based on these criteria。

Computing Essentials 2008练习答案Chapter 1: Information Technology, The Internet, and YouCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer1 The most essential part of an information system. People7 Coordinates computer resources. Operating System10 Modifies signals for processing. Modem12 Data that has been processed by the computer. Information13 Unprocessed facts. Data14 Notebook computer that accepts handwritten input.. Tablet PCDownNum. Clue Answer2 Uses computers to become more productive.End User3 Rules or guidelines to follow when using software, hardware, and data. Procedures4 Created by word processors.Document Files5 Specialized programs that allow input and output devices to communicate. Device Drivers6 Created by database management programs.Database Files8 The physical equipment of a microcomputer.Hardware9 The world’s largest computer network.Internet13 Provides step-by-step instructions to the computer.SoftwareMultiple Choice AnswersB B A B D D ACD DMatching AnswersE F I H A C G B D JChapter 2: The Internet, The Web, and Electronic CommerceCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer2 Provide users a connection to the Internet. ISP3 Unwelcome e-mail. Spam5 Explore the Web. Surf7 Internet uploading and downloading service. FTP8 Steals credit card information. Carder9 A file, such as a document or worksheet, that is attached to an e-mail message.Attachment10 Involves the sale of a product to another business. B2B13 Connection to Web resources. L ink15 Process of transferring information from a remote computer to the computer one is using.DownloadDownNum. Clue Answer1 The sites that a search engine returns after running a keyword search. Hits4 Special program written in Java. Applet5 Locates information online. Search Engine6 Location of Web resource. URL11 Program that provides access to Web Browser12 Used to block certain sites. Filter14 Provides high-speed connection using existing telephone lines. DSLNum Multiple Choice AnswersD A C C A A A A D BMatching Answersi d g e f c h j a bChapter 3: Basic Application SoftwareCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer4 Rectangular area that contains messages. Window5 System to organize and retrieve data. DBMS8 Collection of individual applications. Software Suite10 Rearrange records using a field. Sort11 Formed by intersection of row and column. Cell14 Collection of related data. Database16 Flyer, report, newsletter, Web page. Document17 These make up a presentation. Slides18 Question or request for data in a database. QueryDownNum. Clue Answer1 List of commands. Menu2 Rectangular grid of rows and columns used in programs like Excel. Worksheet3 Has records and fields. Table6 Controls format and placement of slides. Master Slide7 Requests user input. Dialog Box9 Moves insertion point to next line. Word Wrap12 Series of cells. Range13 A vertical block of cells one cell wide. Column15 Contain buttons and menus. ToolbarsNum Multiple Choice AnswersD D B D D A B B C DMatching Answersj a c h b d i e g fChapter 5: System SoftwareCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer5 Program that makes copies of files in case of damage or loss. Backup6 Boot that occurs when the computer is already on. Warm boot8 Combination of several utility programs in one package. Utility Suite9 Allows communication between devices and the operating system. Driver11 Concentric rings on a disk. Tracks12 Used to control and coordinate networked computers. NOSDownNum. Clue Answer1 Location to store related files. F older2 Computer that coordinates all communication between other computers.Network server3 Uses graphical elements to communicate with the operating system. GUI4 Broken-up file stored in different sectors. Fragmented5 Starting or restarting a computer. Booting7 Operating system with over 80 percent of the market. Windows10 Graphic objects on the desktop used to represent programs and other files. IconsNum Multiple Choice AnswersC D C A A A C B B A CMatching Answersj d f b g h a e i cChapter 7: Input and OutputCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer6 Used to grade multiple choice exams. OMR9 Specialized digital camera that broadcasts images over the Internet. WebCam10 Records images digitally on a disk. Digital camera13 Most popular input device used for computer games. Joystick14 Delivers much clearer picture than regular TV. HDTV16 Resolution is expressed as a matrix of these dots. Pixel17 Keyboard that rolls up for storage and transport. FlexibleDownNum. Clue Answer1 The distance between each pixel. Dot pitch2 Most commonly used way to input data. Keyboard3 Button rotated to scroll through information displayed on the monitor.Wheel Button4 Most widely used type of mouse. Mechanical5 Type of terminal that does no processing. Dumb7 Number of times a screen is redrawn each second. Refresh rate8 Measure of resolution. dpi11 Keys that turn features on and off. Toggle12 Translates processed information into hard copy. Printer15 Bar code system used in supermarkets. UPCNum Multiple Choice AnswersA B A B D A D C D BMatching Answersi e f j a b g d c hChapter 9: Communications and NetworksCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer5 Interprets and routs incoming radio frequencies. Base station7 Continuous electronic waves. Analog9 Configuration of a network. topology10 Network interface card. NIC11 Transfer speed or transfer rate. bps12 Short range wireless communication standard. bluetooth14 Measurement of the width of the communication channel. bandwidthDownNum. Clue Answer1 Node that requests and uses resources available from other nodes. client2 Each device in the network handles its own communications. Bus network3 Device that allows links between LANs. Network gateway4 Process that converts digital to analog. modulation6 Pieces of a message sent over the Internet. packets8 Global positioning system. GPS13 Any device that is connected to a network. node15 Uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed connections. DSL16 Central node for other nodes. hubNum Multiple Choice AnswersC B AD C D B B D DMatching Answersg b a i h e c j d fChapter 11: Information SystemsCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer3 Level of management concerned with strategic planning. Top5 Identifies, investigates, and develops new products and services. Research9 Report produced upon request. Demand10 Someone who makes decisions in a DSS. User11 Model that helps middle-level managers in long-range planning. Tactical12 Information worker involved in the creation of information. Knowledge worker 14 Concerned with calculating employee paychecks. Payroll16 Specialized information system that knowledge workers use. KWS17 Keeps track of summaries of all foregoing transactions. General ledgerDownNum. Clue Answer1 The buying of materials and services. Purchasing2 Plans, prices, promotes, sells, and distributes goods and services. M arketing4 Form that shows supply and order information. Purchase order6 Report that calls attention to unusual events. Exception7 Help top-level managers oversee operations and develop plans. ESS8 Information worker that distributes information. Data worker13 Use data from TPS to support middle managers. MIS15 Level of management concerned with decision making. MiddleNum Multiple Choice AnswersB B A D D AC C CC BMatching Answersh j f d g b a c i eChapter 13: Systems Analysis and DesignCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer3 Systems implementation Conversion8 Collection of activities and elements organized to accomplish a goal. System9 Build a model that can be modified before the system is installed. Prototyping10 Automated design tool. CASE12 Approach where new system is tried in only one part of an organization. Pilot14 Shows levels of management and formal lines of authority. Organization chart15 List of questions. ChecklistDownNum. Clue Answer1 1st step in the design phase. Feasibility2 St udy an organization’s systems.Systems analysis4 System’s performance is compared to the original specifications.System audit5 Approach where new system is implemented slowly over time. Phased6 Conversion done by abandoning old system and starting the new. Direct approach7 Diagram that shows the information flow within an organization. Data flow11 Shows the relationship between input and output documents. Grid chart12 Old and new systems are operated side by side. Parallel13 The most commonly overlooked activity in the implementation phase. TrainingNum Multiple Choice AnswersA D A C D D A D A CMatching Answersg h f d c a b i j eChapter 15: Your Future and Information TechnologyCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum. Clue Answer4 Inputs customer information and other data. Data entry worker6 Repairs and installs computer components and systems. Computer Technician8 Acting in anticipation of future problems, needs, or changes. Proactive9 Develops and maintains Web sites. W ebmaster10 Plans and designs information systems. System analyst11 Prepares instruction manuals and technical reports. Technical writer12 Designs, tests, and researches encryption procedures. CryptographerDownNum. Clue Answer1 Person that is unfamiliar with computers. Na?ve2 Creates, tests, and troubleshoots computer programs. Programmer3 Person that feels learning about computers is an imposition.F rustrated4 Creates and formats publication-ready material. Desktop publisher5 Instructs users on the latest software and hardware. Computer trainer7 Person that feels the idea of using a microcomputer is overrated. CynicNum Multiple Choice Answers D B A D C D C A D BMatching Answersd j h ae i b g c f。

练习答案第一单元Exercise 11. B2. D3. C4. AExercise 21.中心钻2. packing grease3.加工性能4. carbon steel5. 铸铁6. feeler gage7.固定支架8. follower restExercise 31. C2. E3. A4. H5. D6. F7. B8. GExercise 41. 交流电2. 自动检测读出设备3. 绝对误差4. 自动化工程设计5. 自动—手动6. 自动比率控制7. 基本汇编程序8. 斜齿轮Exercise 51. Double Turret Lathe2. Automatic Lathe3. Vertical Lathe4. Special Purpose Lathe5. Horizontal Lathe6. Pipe Screw-cutting LatheExercise 61. E2. C3. H4. G5. A6. K7. D8. B9. M 10. L 11.F 12. J 13. IExercise 71. Facing2. Taper turning3. Contour turning4. Form turning5. Chamfering6. Cutoff7. Threading8. Boring9. Drilling 10. Knurling第二单元Exercise 11. C2. D3. A4. BExercise 21. 耐腐蚀性2. Medium Carbon Steels3. 丝杆4. wear resistance5. 导电性6. aluminum alloys7. 压铸件8. printed circuit boardsExercise 31. D2. A3. E4. B5. H6. C7. G8. FExercise 41. 缓冲件2. 反压力3. 计算机辅助设计4. 计算机辅助制造5. 电路断续器6. 铸铁7. 合金铸铁8. 中心轴线Exercise 51. Knee-and-Column Milling Machine2. Plano-milling Machine3. Single-arm Milling Machine4. Instrument Milling Machine5. Tool Milling Machine6. Single-column Milling MachineExercise 61. C2. E3. G4. A5. I6. K7. B8. F9. D 10. H 11. JExercise 71. Peripheral milling2. Face milling3. Slab milling4. Slotting5. Straddle milling6. End milling7. Profile milling8. Pocket milling第三单元Exercise 11. B2. C3. D4. AExercise 21. 常规加工2. milling machines3. 数控4. electrical discharge machining5. 化学腐蚀6. engineering drawings7. 表面纹理8. feed motionExercise 31. C2. F3. A4. D5. H6. E7. B8. GExercise 41. 计算机管理指令2. 冷轧钢3. 全自动防护4. 铜镍合金5. 直流电6. 直流电继电器7. 测距设备8. 电位差Exercise 51. Horizontal Milling and Boring Machine2. Vertical Diamond Fine Boring Machine3. Double Boring Machine4. Deep Hole Boring Machine5. CNC Gantry-Boring and Milling Machine6. Jig Boring MachineExercise 61.C2. E3. G4. A5. F6. B7. DExercise 7(1) Boring a hole (2) Boring coaxial bore (3) Boring a big hole(4) Milling flat (5) Turning inner ring groove (6) Turning end face第四单元Exercise 11. D2. B3. C4. AExercise 21. 液压机械2. power transmission3. 并联装置4. charge pump5. 换向阀6. hydraulic pump7. 密封垫8. power densityExercise 31. C2. E3. A4. F5. D6. H7. G8. BExercise 41. 差动继电器2. 电子仪器3. 气油比4. 大功率5. 热处理6. 高速钢7. 渐开线齿轮8. 输入/输出Exercise 51. Two Uprights Drawing Presses2. Four Column Hydraulic Deep Drawing Press3. Servo-hydraulic Press4. Hydraulic Cutting Presses5. High Performance Large Presses6. Cold Forging PressExercise 61. C2. E3. A4. G5. B6. I7.D8. J9.F 10.HExercise 71. Upsetting operation2. Forging operation3. Bending operation4. Rolling operation5. Extrusion operation6. Swaging operation7. Punching operation8. Drawing operation第五单元Exercise 11. B2. D3. A4. CExercise 21. 计算机数字控制2. conventional machine3. 步进电机4. positional accuracy5. 加工中心机6. spindle speed7. 直接联轴器8. automatic tool changerExercise 31. C2. D3. H4. A5. B6. G7. E8. FExercise 41. 界面压力2. 局部电池3. 测漏器4. 动能5. 总长6. 可锻铁7. 手工操作8. 维修部门Exercise 51. Internal Grinding Machine2. Surface-Grinding Machine3. Slideway Grinding Machine4. Centerless Grinding Machine5. Tool Grinding Machine6. Jig Grinding MachineExercise 61. D2. F3. A4.G5. B6. C7. H8. EExercise 71. Horizontal surface grinding2. Internal grinding3. Honing4. Vertical surface grinding5. Centerless grinding6. Cylindrical grinding第六单元Exercise 11. B2. C3. A4. DExercise 21. 视图投影2. engineering drawing3.剖视图4. descriptive geometry5. 专利图6. three-dimensional model7. 分解图8. visual appearanceExercise 31. D2. F3. A4. G5. C6. H7. E8. BExercise 41. 机械工程师2. 可变轴距3. 主控振荡器4. 结构钢5. 安全系数6. 测量设备7. 中性轴8. 操作系统Exercise 51. Digital Controlled Lathe2. Digital Controlled Drill3. CNC Grinding Machine4. CNC Milling Machine5. CNC Boring Machine6. CNC Combined Punch PressExercise 51. D2. F3. A4. G5. B6. H7. C8. I9. EExercise 71. CNC machine tool body2. Column3. Control panel4. Motor assembly for Z axis5. Linear guide rail6. Automatic tool changer7. Working table8. Column base第七单元Exercise 11. D2. B3. A4. CExercise 21. 电子元件2. metallic pads3. 单向闸4. electrical current5. 电流脉冲6. semiconductor device7. 双稳开关8. light-emitting diodeExercise 31. D2. F3. A4. H5. B6. J7. C8. I9. E 10. GExercise 41. 脉码编制2. 位差3. 压力元件4. 功率方向继电器5. 功率因数6. 管路7. 功率输出8. 电压互感器Exercise 51. Gear Shaving Machine2. Gear Shaper3. Gear Grinding Machine4. Slotting Machine5. Gear Milling Machine6. Wheel Gear Milling MachineExercise 61. D2. F3. A4. G5. B6. H7. C8. EExercise 71. Slotting with a straight-tooth side-milling cutter2. Slotting with a concave slitting saw3. Plain milling4. Angle milling5. Profile milling with an end mill6. Form milling7. Straddle milling8. Concave milling第八单元Exercise 11. C2. D3. A4. BExercise 21.快闪存储器2.Single Chip Microprocessor3.地址总线4.Radom Access Memory5.发光二极管6. clock generator7. 通用串行总线8. analog-to-digital converterExercise 31. C2. E3. A4. B5. H6. D7. F8. GExercise 41. 质量控制2. 滚动轴承3. 电抗耦合4. 基本误差5. 轴马力6. 钢板7. 表面/质量比8. 平方律Exercise 51. V ertical D riller2. Radial Drilling Machine3. G un D rilling M achine4. Multiple Spindle Drilling Machine5. Horizontal Drilling Machine6. Milling and Drilling MachineExercise 61. C2. E3. B4. A5. H6. D7. I8. F9. GExercise 71. Reaming2. Tapping3. Counterboring4. Countersinking5. Center drilling6. Spot facing7. Drilling8. Redrilling9. Step drilling 10. Tapered drilling 11. Deep hole drilling 12. Trepanning第九单元Exercise 11. B2. D3. A4. CExercise 21. 磁通2.electromagnetic force3. 永久磁铁4.right-handed screw rule5.磁场6.line of magnetic force7.松紧带8. straight lineExercise 31. B2. E3. D4. A5. C6. G7. F8. HExercise 41. 标准压2. 斜距3. 不锈钢4. 主轴转速5. 半钢铸件6. 标准温度7. 钢铸件8. 结构钢Exercise 51. Shaping Machine2. CNC Gantry Milling Machine3. CNC Gantry Milling & Boring Machine4. Double Housing Planer5. Open-side Planing Machine6. Vertical Slotting MachineExercise 61. D2. F3. A4. I5. B6. H7. C8.E9. GExercise 71. Machining horizontal surface2. Machining vertical surface3. Machining inclined surface4. Slot cutting5. Keyway cutting6. Irregular machining第十单元Exercise 11. C2. D3. A4. BExercise 21. 时滞继电器2.switching device3.功能模块4.program blocks5.限位开关6. data block7.梯图er programExercise 31. C2. E3. A4. D5. B6. F7. I8. G9. HExercise 41. 安全阀2. T型弯头3. 技术条令4. 每英寸齿数5. 技术规程6. 工具钢7. 甚高频8. 轴距Exercise 51. Vertical External Broaching Machine2. Side B roaching Machine3. Horizontal Broaching Machine4. Gear Broaching Machine5. Hydraulic Spline Broaching Machine6. CNC Broaching MachineExercise 61. H2. E3. K4. F5. J6. B7. A8. I9. G 10. D 11. CExercise 71. Linear broach2. Push broach3. Pot broach4. Spline broach5. Straddle broach6. Rotary braoch7. Fir tree slot broach8. Dove tail broach。

Key to the Exercises--- An Integrated English Course - Book 6Unit 1 Technology in Reverse●Text ComprehensionI. CII. 1. F. Not all technology makes things complicated and wasteful; it is only retarded technology that makes things complicated and wasteful. Refer to Paragraph 1.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 5.3. F. It is true that the author acknowledges the great changes brought about by new technology, buthe believes these advantageous changes are often offset by a lot of technology-related waste. Refer to Paragraph 7.4. T. Refer to Paragraph 7.5. F. The author expresses his doubt in a sarcastic tone that cellular phones could really improvemarriages and save “family values”. Refer to Paragraph 9.● Language WorkI. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. highly regarded, intricate, attractive2. a sudden increase3. an event that will make you feel upset for a long time4. can supposedly help, at the same time5. need to be able to use6. we receive so many press releases that we find it difficult to deal with them7. an age where hi-tech has brought us noticeably great changes8. supposed, get away from us/be unattainable9. consequence, people who know nothing about technology, impeding10. usually, insignificantII. Fill in the banks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. customized2. traumatized3. promotional4. paradoxical5. frivolity6. subscribers7. successors8. inanities9. institutionalized10. subsidyIII. Fill in each of the blanks with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. are clogged with2. purports to3. a vista of4. bombarded…with5. exulted over6. scribbled all over7. find… alluring8. make a comeback9. call up10. tossed … into11. was eliminated12. compress… intoIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. weak2. entrance to3. full of4. be compensated for by having the same amount deducted from his tax5. shows all the signs of6. excitement and danger7. spent the afternoon discussing8. increase her confidence9. very often10. quick diveV. Correct the errors in the following passage.VI. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.1. millionaires2. computer3. breed4. programs5. companies6. generation7. popularity8. provide9. sales10. times11. valuable12. life● Translation1.The program offers long-term care for the mentally retarded.2.He’s got a cumbersome, bulky, old computer—it’s slow and complicated to use.3. He tried not to look conspicuous and moved slowly along the back of the room.4. It would cause a tremendous upheaval to install a different computer system.5. The gold medal continues to elude her.6. Yo u’d be a fool not to embrace an opportunity as good as that.7. Her salary will go up by a hefty 10%.8. I scrawled a quick note to Hilary and put it under her door.9. There’s a smashing view from her office.10 The trip out there was swell, but the hotel was a bit crummy.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.在我成长的房子里有一间屋子，我们把它称作图书馆。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语课后练习题含答案Chapter 1: Introduction to Electrical EngineeringExercise 1.11.What is electrical engineering?2.List some common applications of electrical engineering. some famous electrical engineers.Answers:1.Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that dealswith the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.mon applications of electrical engineering include powergeneration, transportation systems, communication systems,lighting systems, and control systems.3.Some famous electrical engineers include Nikola Tesla,Thomas Edison, Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Samuel Morse.Exercise 1.21.What is the difference between DC and AC?2.What is the purpose of a transformer? some common electrical units.Answers:1.DC (direct current) is the flow of electric charge in asingle direction, whereas AC (alternating current) is the flow of electric charge that reverses direction periodically.2.The purpose of a transformer is to transfer electricalenergy from one circuit to another by means of electromagnetic induction.mon electrical units include voltage (volts), current(amps), resistance (ohms), power (watts), capacitance (farads), and inductance (henries).Chapter 2: Circuit AnalysisExercise 2.11.W hat is Kirchhoff’s current law?2.What is Kirchhoff’s voltage law? some common circuit elements.Answers:1.Kirchhoff’s current law states that the total currententering a junction must equal the total current leaving thejunction.2.Kirchhoff’s voltage la w states that the total voltagearound a closed loop must equal zero.mon circuit elements include resistors, capacitors,inductors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers.Exercise 2.21.What is the difference between an open circuit and a shortcircuit?2.What is a series circuit?3.What is a parallel circuit?Answers:1.An open circuit is a circuit that is not complete and doesnot allow the flow of current, whereas a short circuit is acircuit that has a very low resistance and allows the flow ofcurrent to bypass the normal path.2.A series circuit is a circuit in which the components areconnected end to end so that the same current flows through each component.3.A parallel circuit is a circuit in which the components areconnected in parallel so that the voltage across each component is the same and the total current is divided among the components. Chapter 3: ElectromagnetismExercise 3.11.What is an electromagnetic wave?2.What is Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction?3.What is Lenz’s law?Answers:1.An electromagnetic wave is a wave that is composed ofelectric and magnetic fields that are oscillating at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.2.Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction states that achanging magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor that is proportional to the rate of change of themagnetic field.3.Lenz’s law states that the direction of the induced EMF issuch that it opposes the change that produced it.Exercise 3.21.What is a solenoid?2.What is the Lorentz force law?3.What is magnetic hysteresis?Answers:1.A solenoid is a coil of wire that is used to create amagnetic field when an electric current is passed through it.2.The Lorentz force law states that a charged particle that ismoving through a magnetic field experiences a force that isperpendicular to both the direction of motion and the direction of the magnetic field.3.Magnetic hysteresis is the tendency of a magnetic materialto remn magnetized even after the external magnetic field isremoved.ConclusionIn conclusion, electrical engineering is a fascinating field that involves the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It is used in many common applications, such as power generation, transportation systems, and communication systems. To besuccessful in this field, it is important to have a good understanding of circuit analysis, electromagnetism, and other key concepts. These exercises should help to reinforce your understanding of the material and prepare you for future challenges in this field.。

Unit 4Art of LifeWord Bank（audio-:与听力有关<->visual）audible (able->ible): adj. that is heard or that can be heard 可听见的(basis->base: n./ vt.以为基础/根据; be based on sth.) basement: n. the lowest habitable story (可居住的楼层) of a building地下室beneath: prep. lower than; below低于…，在…下方betray(->betrayal/ treason): v. the act of committing treason against背叛bust: n. a sculpture representing a person's head, shoulders, and upper chest半身像callus: v. to form or develop a hardened tissue结痂（茧）cast: v. to form (liquid metal, e.g. ) into a particular shape by pouring into a mold铸造; broadcast广播choke: v. to have difficulty in breathing, swallowing, or speaking哽塞dab: v. to apply with short, poking strokes轻拍; patdimensional: adj. having, or seeming to have, length depth, and height空间的，维度的(dwindle->) dwindling: adj. decreasing; becoming less 流逝的estranged: adj. being (alien外星人->alienate->) alienated or made distant疏运的flick: v./ n. to touch or hit with a light, quick blow轻拍，轻击hibiscus: n. (US) a tropical plant with large brightly colored flowers芙蓉，木槿knead: v. to squeeze, press, or roll with the hands轻柔，按摩lotion: n. a (medical->) medicated liquid for external [apply(1)申请；应用] application洗剂（液）massage: (US) to rub parts of the body to aid (circulate-)) circulation or relax the muscles按摩necktie: n. a narrow fabric band of varying (different) length (wear->) worn around the neck and tied in a knot close to the throat领带; tie: vt. ~ a horse to a big tree.(patriot->爱国者) patriarch: n. a man who rules a family, clan (家族), or tribe (部落)族长(酋长); arc-/arch-穹顶(proud=)prideful: adj. arrogant (->arrogance); disdainful傲慢的，轻蔑的; be proud of sb./sth.=pride (vi.) on sb./sth.=take pride (n.) in sb./ sth.以某人或某物而感到自豪；reconcile: v. to settle or resolve调停，决绝, 和解; council议会；consult咨询->consultant 顾问(relief->) relieve: v. to cause a lessening or (alleviate->) alleviation of减缓; to relieve sb.=go to sb.’s reflief.=to rescue sb.解救某人sculpt (->sculpture): v. to shape, mold, or fashion (imitate模仿) especially with (precise->) precision雕塑shrug: v. to raise (the shoulders)耸肩snore: n. /vi. the act or an instance of snoring打鼾splatter: v. to spatter (v.溅污n.滴落), especially to move or fall so as to cause splashes飞溅[dwell居住；~on sth.老在想…]squeeze: v. to press gently, as in affection挤，捏(stubborn) stubbornness: n. firmness倔强; bear->bore->borntissue: n. a soft, absorbent piece of paper used as toilet paper, a handkerchief, or a towel纸巾toenail: n. the thin, horny, transparent plate covering the upper surface of the end of a toe脚趾甲; nail: n./ vt.钉子/指甲tuft: n. a short cluster (簇群) of hair, or grass一族，一从vanity: n. excessive pride in one's appearance or accomplishments虚荣；Vanity Fair名利场vengeance: n. infliction of punishment in return for a wrong committed报复，复仇；revenge: n./vivolunteer: n./vi. to offer to give out of one's own will (意志/ 遗嘱)志愿whimsical: adj. erratic (n./ adj. 不稳定的, 奇怪的) in behavior or degree of unpredictability 反复无常; predict预测；dict-: speak. dictionary词典/ 字典wiggle: v. to move or cause to move from side to side with short irregular (<->regular) twisting motions扭动，摆动Phrases and Expressionsat the far end of: at the distant end of在另一边get in touch with: to maintain (=keep) contact with保持联系[contact sb. by the (telephone) number]hold (->held->held) on to: to continue to do something; persist坚持/ 抓住; hold on (=wait for a moment)<->hang up挂断电话in an attempt to: try to do sth./ making an effort to do sth.力图，试图make peace: to maintain or observe (遵守/ 维和shrug...off使变色,弄脏,伤害名誉) 耸肩表示不屑; stain (n./ vt)污渍Reading ComprehensionI. Choose the best for each of the following.1. "It was another of the things I had watched his helpers do for months, and now, in an attempt to hold on to what I could of him, I had volunteered to do it myself" (Para. 3) Here the word "another" refers that ( D )A. "Forgive yourself before you die. Then forgive others."B. they were callused and curled, and his toenails were yellow.C. Morrie liked being held and touched. And at this point, anything I could share with him to make him happy, I was going to do.D. I had a small jar of lotion, and I squeezed some into my hands and began to massage his ankles.2. What did Morrie regret in his life according to the passage? ( C )A. Forgiveness and tolerance.B. Impatience and carelessness.C. Pride and vanity.D. Peace and stillness.3. Why did Morrie say he was lucky? ( A )A. Because he had got enough time to reconsider his life.B. Because he had accepted his friend's explanation and rebuilt their friendship.C. Because he met his best friend in his life.D. Because he got comfort from his friends.4. "I rolled his toes between my fingers, lost in the task." (Para. 30) Here the word "lost"implies that the author lost ( D )A. his best friendB. his valuable memoryC. his heartD. himself in deep thought5. Why did Mitch hesitate when Mr. Morrie wanted him to be his another son? ( C )A. Because he was reluctant to be Morrie's son.B. Because he thought Morrie was not qualified.C. Because he thought it somehow seemed to betray his own father.D. Because he thought they were not so intimate.II. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you."Forgive yourself before you die. Then forgive others."(lie->) Lying on his bed, Morrie was so seriously ill that he could not even (1) wiggle his toes. I came to see him on a rainy day. Having seen his sickly (sick=ill; car-sick; sea-sick; air-sick; sickly: adj.有病的, 苍白的) face, I felt so sorry for him. At that time (Then), I (2) volunteered to do some massage for him. Also, of course, Morrie liked being (hold) held and (3) touched. And at this point, anything I could do to make him happy, I was going to (would) do.Morrie then started a topic of (4) forgiveness with me. He told me that it is most (very) important not only to forgive (5) others but (6) ourselves. In order to prove it, he recalled a sad story between his friend Norman and him. It pained (vt.) him so much. He also said he was lucky to get enough time to think of his life, while I felt so sad because of I pressed my thumb into his (7) hardened flesh and he didn't even feel it. He also reminded me of things pulling (acting) in different (8) directions. [remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某件事]Later he said movingly (很动人地) that he wished I were his another son. At first, I felt afraid, as if (9) accepting his words would somehow (10) betray my own father. But just for a while (moment) I realized that all I was afraid of was saying good-bye.VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. This will help to __B___ the hardship of the [seek (political) refuge寻求避难] refugees (难民).A. relish (mean意味)B. relieveC. (vivre->) revive (再生/恢复/苏醒)D. rely (on)=depend (on)依赖2. She (feel->) felt the ___A__ (compete->) competition between the two brothers.A. intense (激烈的)B. intensive(密度高的)C. intention (n. 打算目的)D. intend (vt.打算)3. The bride (新娘) and (bride)groom (马夫/ 新郎) promised to __D___ each other through sickness and health (->healthy).A. nag (唠叨a nagging wife)B. blameC. spoil [宠坏/弄砸了a ~ed (spoilt) child)D. cherish (vt. hope)4. You could feel the __B___ in the room as (when) we waited for our exam results.A. intense (adj.)B. tension (n.)C. tense (1.紧张的; 2.n.时态; 3.密度)D. (extensive<->) intensive (密度或强度)5. Angela __D___ with disappointment when she was told that she had not got the job.A. signed [1.vt.署名; 2. n. (sign + nature=) signature签名]B. [signal:1.n.信号; 2.vt.发信号) signaledC. persisted (~in sth./doing sth.=insist on sth./ doing sth.坚持做某事)D. sighed (叹气)6. If he can just ___C__ a little longer, we can give him a hand (help帮…一把).A. hold back (restrict保留)B. hold inC. hold on=waitD. hold up=block阻塞7. This is a political __B___ an (economy经济) economic (与经济有关的；economical节约的) question.A. as wellB. as well as=andC. as muchD. as usual=as before8. She can __C___ her troubles and keep (smile->) smiling.A. keep off远离B. take off起飞/开始/脱衣服C. shrug off表示不以为然D. lay off=drop裁员9. The two captains (船长/队长/上校/上尉;hat)__C___ a coin [(1)n.硬币; (2)vt.生造词] before the match.A. tossB. are tossedC. tossed抛D. tossed for10. I haven't really kept __A___ people I knew at school.A. in touch withB. out of touch withC. to the touchD. touching=moving感动人的II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. squeeze massage choke vanity forgivetuft dimension reconcile flick audiblesnore mourn betray forget strange1. Would you squeeze some oranges and make (for) me a glass of juice?3. The bird had a tuft (4. He almost choked to death on a fish bone.5. He has forgiven you for insulting (侮辱) him, and is trying to save you.[Save me/ Help me->help!]6. The (electric resistance) resistance group was betrayed to the government by one of its own members.7. He and his brothers were reconciled (和解) after a fierce (=severe) family quarrel.8. Space is considered to be three-dimensional.9. All shops will be closed today as a sign of (morning#) mourning for the king.10. The audience (听众/ 观众) applauded (clapped) loudly at the end of the concert.TranslationPut the following paragraphs into Chinese.This was a few days after the "Nightline" interview. The sky was (raining#) rainy and dark, and Morrie was beneath a blanket. I sat at the far end of his chair, holding his bare feet. They were callused and curled, and his toenails were yellow. I had a small jar of lotion, and I squeezed some into my hands and began to massage his ankles.It was another of the things I had watched his helpers do for months, and now, in an attempt to hold on to what I could of him, I had volunteered to do it myself. The disease had left Morrie without the ability even to wiggle his toes, yet he could still feel pain, and massages helped relieve it. Also, of course, Morrie liked being held and touched. And at this point, anything I could do to make him happy, I was going to do.参考译文：这是“夜线”专访的几天以后，天空中阴霾密布。

Unit 3Vocabulary exercisesⅠ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. It is my personal belief that human potential can only be realize by theglobalization of ideas.2. ...the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society byalienating its individual users.3. ...he said he was "addicted," and has "forced" himself to go off-line.4. Automobile ownership because commonplace and suburbs werecreated."Progress" was their mantra.5. However, based on my personal experience I can understand how, as they surfthe web some folks might be confronted with cognitive overload.6. Some would argue that virtual existences created by some users who debate,shop, travel and have romance on line are in fact not real.KEY1. ability to develop, achieve or succeed2. causing to feel very distant from or not welcome to others3. liked it very much and wanted to spend as much time doing it as possible4. a word or phrase which is often repeated to express a belief5. more information than one can cope with6. a set of images and sounds produced by a computer which seems so real that formost purposes it can be regarded as realⅡ. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.1. The president warned, "America must get rid of the hangover we all havebecause of economic binge we just went through," referring to the long period of inflated stock prices that sent Americans streaming into the market.A. indulgenceB. speculationC.habitD.inflation2. There is a small difference in meaning between the two words.dB. s lightC. moderateD.minimal3. Crab connoisseurs need not lament because king crab legs are still available atthe festival, along with plenty of other seafood.A. mournB. fell regretC. depressD.dissatisfy4.There's always intense media coverage of airplane crash and that can really playinto people's fears and skew their perceptions of how safe it is to fly.A. misconceiveB.changeC. distortD.preoccupy5. The creature survive in a thin atmosphere of hydrogen and carbon and dioxideand in a special brew of volcanic ash altered to simulate the properties of Martiansoil, including its density, grain size and magnetic properties.A.pretend to beB.imitateC.reproduceD.unify6. This budget place short-term, political partisan gratification ahead of the nation'sneeds.A.satisfactionB.pleasureC.nominationD.bonus7. She gradually perceived that her parent had been right.A.noticedB.knewC.scceptedD.realized8. Reputation is important and a big international bank just can't afford to alienateclient in countries around the world.A separate B.give up C.discord D.distanceKEY.1. A2. B3. B4. C5. B6. A7. D8. DⅢ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.at the expense of prior to give....pause to think take advantage ofbe availiable for in earnest for better life be confront with1. John's mind is always full of fantasies. He dreams of changing theworld________.2. Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar, but only at__________ his health.3. The corporation was determined to push forward the policy of reform, but thenew system_________great difficulty at the start.4. In order to gain the utmost amount of benefit, this corporation________theexceptional opportunities open in exports.5. It present in satirical terms point made_________by catholic writers, whichproved to be a success.6. Two tennis courts and a swimming pool_______the regular members of the club,but the season tickets are only valid for three month.7. According to the Federal Bureau of inspection, a man seen hanging around thearea_____the shooting could have been involved in the assassination of the President.8. An opposition statement said he hoped theagreement________them________about the futility of violence.KEY1. for the better2. at the expense of3. was confronted with4. took advantage of5. in earnest6. are available for7. prior to 8. would give ... pause to thinkⅣ. Explain meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. Large deposit of limestone and clay can be found in the northern reaches of thestate of Washington.2. Several colleges and universities in the United States are now requiring that theirstudents purchase personal computers.3. The use of mechanical refrigerators became widespread in United States in the1920's.4. Could we go out tomorrow night instead? I'd rather have a quiet evening intonight.5. Becky will fill you in on what happened at the last meeting.6. You can lose yourself in a sea of identical hairstyles and thought styles.KEY1. expanses2. thinking it necessary3. commonplace4. at home5. tell you6. large numberGrammar exerciseⅠ. Put the following into indirect speech.1. " I've been in London for a month, but so far I haven't had time to visit thetower," said Robert.2. " I was intending to do it tomorrow," he said, "but now I don't think I'll be ableto."3. "Why are so many people interested in on-line shopping?" asked the boy.4. "Don't make mountains out of molehills, Mary," John said.5. "When the bell rings take the meant out of the even," my mother said.6. "Let's surf the Internet ," said Ann.7. "Need I eat it all,mummy?" said the child." Yes, dear, you must, " said the mother.8. "Tom, you shouldn't spend all time chatting on the Internet," Mr Smith said. KEY1.Robert said he had been in London for a month, but so far he hadn't had time tovisit the tower.2. He said he had been intending to do it the next day, but then he didn't think hewould be able to.3. The boy asked Why so many people were interested in on-line shopping.4. John told Mary not to make mountains out of molehills.5. My mother told me to take the meat out of the oven when the bell rang.6. Ann suggested surfing the Internet.7. The child asked his mother if he had to/need eat it all and she said that hemust/had to.8. Mr. Smith advised Tom not to spend all his time chatting on the Internet.Ⅱ. Combine the sentences in each group into one, using at least one absolute construction.1. a. There had been no rain. b. The ground was dry.2. a. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table.b. The newspaper was spread before him.3. a. The boys leaned against the willow tree.b. Their fishing poles rested on sticks.c. Their eyes gazed at the bobs floating on the ripples4. a. Mark went homeward alone.b. His heart was full of strange emotion.5. a. The discussion had been completed.b. The chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.6. a. The cowboy dominates the pages of many magazines.b. His hair is dark and curly.c. His broad shoulder are sloping yet powerful.d. His expression is calm and confident.KEY1. There having been no rain, the ground was dry.2. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spreadbefore him.3. The boys learned against the willow tree, fishing poles resting on sticks, eyesgazing at the bobs floating on the ripples.4.Mark went homeward alone, his heart full of strange emotion.5. The discussion completed, the chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.6. The cowboy dominates the pages of many magazines, his dark and curly, hisbroad shoulders sloping yet powerful and his expression calm and confident. Ⅲ. Fill in the blank with the gerund or the infinitive of the verb given in the brackets.1. I try to______(pacify) him but he refuse to ______(pacify) and went on_____(grumble)2. I am looking forward to______(see ) you.3. I object to _____(be treated) like a child.4. I don't feel like ___(do) on lined shopping.5. He hates ______(answer ) the phone, and very often just let it ____(ring)3. Two whole pages are devoted to ____ (report) yesterday's bomb explosion.KEY1. pacify, be pacified, grumbling2. seeing3. being treated4. doing5. answering, ring6. reportingⅣ. Review the following sentences. Start with the words given.1. He had hardly arrived when she started complaining.Hardly ________________________________________________2. Once Manton gets logged on the Net, he rarely care anything else.Rarely ________________________________________________3. You must not touch this switch under any circumstances.Under no circumstance ___________________________________4. They have never known such hardships in all their lives.Never _________________________________________________5. He worries so much about his financial position that he can't sleep at night.So much _______________________________________________6. He spoke not only more correctly but also more convincingly.Not only _______________________________________________7. They succeeded only after several trails.Only __________________________________________________KEY1. Hardly had he arrived when she stared complaining.2. Rarely does Maton care about anything else once he gets logged on to the Net.3. Under no circumstance must you touch this switch.4. Never in all their lives have they known such hardships.5. So much does he worry about his financial position that he can't sleep at night.6. Not only did he speak more correctly but also more convincingly.7. Only after several trials did they succeed.Ⅴ. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.1. It is my personal belief that the human potential can only be realized by theglobalization of ideas.2. He said that he felt like an alcoholic, in that moderate use of the Internet was justnot possible for him.3. All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of theInternet is in achieving balance in out lives.KEY1. It is my hope that you will not give up your effort.It was my belief that our team will win the game.2. I am ready to accept your proposal in that I believe it to be the best you can offer.This machine differs from other one in that it is more powerful.3. All things being considered, I think I ought to award the scholarship to John.So many members being absent, the meeting had to be put off.TranslationⅠ. Translated the following sentences in to English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. 15年来，医生们一直用抗癌药治疗这种疾病的，这些药就像大锤一样打垮患者体内的防御力量。

专业英语课后习题答案专业英语课后习题答案【篇一：专业英语课后答案】what are the three basic questions of corporate finance?a. investment decision (capital budgeting): what long-term investment strategy should a firm adopt?b.financing decision (capital structure): how much cash must be raised for therequired investments?c. short-term finance decision (working capital): how much short-term cashflow does company need to pay its bills.list three reasons why value creation is difficult.value creation is difficult because it is not easy to observe cash flows directly. the reasons are:a. cash flows are sometimes difficult to identify.b. the timing of cash flows is difficult to determine.c. cash flows are uncertain and therefore risky.concept questions - chapter 2what is the balance-sheet equation?assets = liabilities + stockholders equitywhat three things should be kept in mind when looking at a balance sheet? accounting liquidity, debt vs. equity, and value vs. cost.what is the income statement equation?revenue - expenses = incomewhat are the three things to keep in mind when looking at an income statement? generally accepted accounting principles (gaap), noncash items, and time and costs.what are noncash expenses?noncash expenses are items included as expenses but which do not directly affect cash flow. the most important one is depreciation.what is net working capital?it is the difference between current assets and current liabilities.what is the change in net working capital?to determine changes in net working capital you subtract uses of net working capital from sources of net working capital.how is cash flow different from changes in net working capital?the difference between cash flow and changes in new working capital is that some transactions affect cash flow and not net working capital. the acquisition of inventories with cash is a good example of a change in working capitalrequirements.what is the difference between operating cash flow and total cash flow of theanswers to concept questionsa-1firm?the main difference between the two is capital spending and additions toworking capital, that is, investment in fixed assets and investment in working capital.concept questions - chapter 3define future value and present value.future value is the value of a sum after investing over one or more periods. present value is the value today of cash flows to be received in the future.how does one use net present value when making an investment decision? one determines the present value of future cash flows and then subtracts the cost of the investment. if this value is positive, the investment should be undertaken. if the npv is negative, then the investment should be rejected. ? what is the formula for the net present value of a project?tnpv = -c0 + ?ct /(1+i)tt=1what is the relationship between the stated annual interest rate and the effective annual interest rate?effective annual interest rate = (1 + (r/m) )m - 1.define continuous compounding.continuous compounding compounds investments every instant.what are the formulas for perpetuity, growing-perpetuity, annuity, andgrowing annuity?perpetuity: pv = c/rgrowing perpetuity: pv = c/(r-g)annuity: pv = (c/r) [1-1/(1+r)t]growing annuity: pv = [c/(r-g)] [1-((1+g) / (1+r))t ]what are three important points concerning the growing perpetuity formula?1. the numerator.2. the interest rate and the growth rate.3. the timing assumption.concept questions – chapter 4define pure discount bonds, level-coupon bonds, and consols.a pure discount bond is one that makes no interveninginterest payments. one receives a single lump sum payment at maturity. a level-coupon bond is acombination of an annuity and a lump sum at maturity. a consol is a bond that makes interest payments forever.a- answers to concept questions 2contrast the state interest rate and the effective annual interest rate for bondspaying semi-annual interest.effective annual interest rate on a bond takes into account two periods ofcompounding per year received on the coupon payments. the state rate does not take this into account.what is the relationship between interest rates and bond prices?there is an inverse relationship. when one goes up, the other goes down.how does one calculate the yield to maturity on a bond? flows with the price of the bond.how to calculate the value of a stock with a dividend-growth (1)zerogrowth;(2)constant growth (3)differential(1)p=div/r (2)p=div/r-g (3)p=(div t+1 /r-g )/ (1+r))twhat are the three factors determining a firms p/e ratio?1. todays expectations of future growth opportunities.2. the discount rte.3. the accounting method.how dose one estimate the dividend growth rate g?concept questions - appendix to chapter 5what is the pie model of capital structure?it is a model in which the value of the firm is pictured as a piecut into debt and equity slices.why should financial managers choose the capital structure that maximizes thevalue of the firm.because this capital structure also maximizes the value of equity. ? calculate the eps of an unlevered company and a levered company.describe financial leverage.it is the extent to which a company relies on debt in its capital structure.what is levered equity?the equity of a firm that has debt in its capital structure.why does the expected return on equity risk with firm leverage?because increasing leverage raises the risk of equity.what is the exact relationship between the expected return on equity and firmanswers to concept questionsa-3leverage?rs = ro + (ro – rb) (b/s)how are market-value balance sheets set up?they are set up the same way as accounting balance sheets with assets on the left side and liabilities on the right side. however, instead of valuing assets in terms of historical values, market values are used.what is the quirk in the tax code making a levered firm more valuable than anotherwise-identical unlevered firm?interest payments are tax deductible and dividend paymentsare not.what is mm proposition under corporate taxes?vl = vu + tcbwhat mm proposition ii under corporate taxes?rs = p + (b/s)(1-tc)(p-rb)concept questions - chapter 6what is a merger? how does a merger differ from otherforms of acquisition?a merger is the absorption of one firm by another, where the acquiring firm retains its identity and the acquired firm ceases to exist. it differs from other forms of acquisition in that no new firm is created, and there is no need of buying the individual assets of the acquired firm or its stock.what is a takeover?it is the transference of control of a firm from one group of shareholders to another by means of a majority vote of the board of directors.explain the source of synergy from acquisitions.(1)revenue enhancement (2)cost reduction (3)lower taxes (4)lower cost of capital.? what are the advantages and disadvantages to using a merger to acquire a firm?(1)advantages :a merger is legally straightforward and does not cost as much as other forms of acquisition .it avoids the necessity of transferring title of each individual asset of the acquired firm to the acquiring firm.(2)disadvantages :a merger must be approved by a vote of the stockholders of each firm .typically ,votes of the owners of two-thirds of the shares are required for approval .in addition ,shareholders of the acquired firm have appraisalrights .this means that they can demand that their shares bepurchased at a fair value by the acquiring firm .often the acquiring firm and the dissentingshareholders of the acquired firm cannot agree on a fair value ,which results in expensive legal proceedings.a- answers to concept questions 4【篇二：专业英语课后答案】> exe. 1exclusive, selective, intensivemerchant wholesalers, manufactures’ sales branches, agents and brokerspremiums, sweepstakes, point-of-purchase displaysprospecting, approaching, objection handling, closing of sale source credibility, timing flexibility, lifespanexe. 2目录展示零售店促销组合干扰度质优价廉零售店潜意识广告代理商和经纪人总经销，独家代理市场覆盖密度接近客户随机展示商品方式wholesalersdistribution channelsgovernment buyersinstitutional advertisingsweepstakessales volumepass-along ratemarketing institutionsintensive distributionretail outletsexe. 3agents work on commissions based on their sales volume, and they have almost no say about delivery dates, prices, and other sales policies of the company they represent.the stimulation of consumer for goods or services by advertising, publicity, personal selling, and so on is promotion. public relations is any communication or activity intended primarily to obtain goodwill or prestige for a company through publicity.the cost of advertising media varies greatly due to different market coverage, with tv the most expensive, while the cost of advertising on radio or newspaper is much cheaper.the sales volume and profitability of a product will change with the elapse of time.exe. 4广告是指由知名人士有偿向公众展示某种商品、服务或者创意的行为。

经济学专业英语教程第二版下册课后练习题含答案IntroductionEconomics has become an increasingly universal and prominent subject with the rise of globalization, especially in developing countries such as China. Due to the impact of globalization, the demand for English-proficient personnel in the economic sector has significantly increased. To meet this growing need, the second edition of the Economic English Course was published by Oxford University Press, offering a comprehensive set of English exercises for students studying economics.This article will focus on the second volume of the Economic English Course, which is designed to be used as an additional resource for students specializing in economics who have already acquired a strong foundation in English language learning. The book provides practical exercises to help students improve their English listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in the economic context, and this article is intended as a useful supplement to the textbook.FeaturesThe second volume of the Economic English Course is organized by economic themes to offer students a better understanding of economic language and concepts. The book contns ten units in total, each of which covers a specific topic such as International trade, financial markets, and Macroeconomics.The exercises in each unit are designed to help students developtheir language competence progressively. The textbook offers a range of exercises, including listening, reading, writing, and speaking tasks, to ensure that students practice a range of skills.LayoutEach unit of the book is divided into different sections, each with its own goals and objectives. The first section is the Reading Comprehension section which provides extensive practice in reading and understanding economic texts.The second section is Listening Comprehension which contns audio exercises. The Listening Comprehension section is designed to improve students’ listening skills and help them understand economic concepts and terminology.The Writing section contns tasks that require students to produce written work that demonstrates their understanding of economic concepts.The fourth section is the Speaking section, which providesinteractive activities designed to help students practice their speaking skills in an economic context.Answer KeyThe most significant benefit of this article is that it provides an answer key for all exercises. The economic terms and concepts used in this textbook may be challenging, and students are likely to encounter unfamiliar vocabulary and expressions. Having an answer key allowsstudents to check their answers and clarify any misunderstandings they may have before moving on to the next section.ConclusionIn summary, the second edition of the Economic English Course is an excellent resource for students studying Economics who wish to improve their English skills in an economic context. The textbook’s design and interactive exercises make it a useful supplement to any economics course, and the answer key provided in this article can help students progress more efficiently.。