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(完整word版)英语的修辞手法英语的45种修辞手法定义解释

(完整word版)英语的修辞手法英语的45种修辞手法定义解释
(完整word版)英语的修辞手法英语的45种修辞手法定义解释

英语中的45种修辞

(1)alliteration(押头韵):一组单词的第一个辅音相同,比如例句中四个

以l开头的单词。

▲ Let us go forth to lead the land we love.

(2)anacoluthon(错格):句子从一种结构变成另外一种结构,比如例句

由肯定结构变成疑问结构。

▲ As a regular reader of your papers -- Why does it give so little space to science?

(3)anadiplosis(联珠):将一个或一组单词重复多遍,比如例句中的servants。

▲ Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of state, servants of fame, and servants of business.

(4)anaphora(首语重复):将一个句子的开头单词或短语,在随后的句

子中重复多遍,比如例句中的we shall fight。

▲ We shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.

(5)anastrophe(词序倒装): 改变正常词序,比如例句中最后一部分,

正常词序是yet a breeze never blew up 。

▲ The helmsman steered, the ship moved on, yet never a breeze up blew.

(6)antistrophe(逆反复):在每个句子的结尾,重复相同的单词或短语,

比如例句中的without warning。&

nbsp;

▲ In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, without warning. In 1935, Italy inv aded Ethiopia, without warning. In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria, without warning.

(7)antithesis(对偶):两个或多个句子,结构相同,但含义相反,或者含

义形成对比,比如例句中的is no vice与is no virtue。

▲ Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.

(8)aporia(假装疑问):假装表示疑问,做出对某件事情好象不太肯定的

样子,比如例句的最后部分。

▲ Then the steward said within himself, ’What shall I do?’

(9)aposiopesis(中断):突然中断一个句子,以表示恐惧、兴奋等感情,

比如例句在I saw后面中断。

▲ The first thing I saw -- But I dare not describe the dreadful sight.

(10)apostrophe(顿呼):在叙述过程中,突然对不在场的第三人(或拟

人化的抽象事物)的称呼,比如例句中的O you gods。

▲ Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him.

(11)archaism(拟古):使用古体单词,或者已废弃单词,比如例句中的sate(sit的古体过去式和过去分词)。

▲ Pipit sate upright in her chair, some distance from where I was sitting.

(12)assonance(协音):重复某个发音相同或相似的音节,比如例句中的Thy/thy和-dom/done。

▲ Thy kingdom come, thy will be done.

(13)asyndeton(连接词省略):省略单词、短语或从句之间的连接词,

比如例句省略了两个连接词and。

▲ But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.

(14)brachylogy(省略):省略一个不太重要

、读者通常可以猜出的单词或短语,比如例句省略了out后面的of。

▲ He looked out the window.

(15)cacophony(杂音):使用一组发音不和谐的单词,以便让人听着不舒

服,比如例句中的一组单词。

▲ We want no parlay with you and your grisly gang who work your wicked will.

(16)catachresis(生硬比喻):用不准确的单词进行不准确的比喻,比如

例句中的thirsty ear。

▲ I listen vainly, but with thirsty ear.

(17)chiasmus(交错配列):两个对应部分没有按照a-b-a-b顺序排列,

而是按照a-b-b-a顺序排列,比如例句中的(often) (in my thoughts) and (in my prayers) (always)。

▲ Those gallant men will remain often in my thoughts and in my pray ers always.

(18)climax(渐强):重新排列单词、短语或从句,以便让整个句子具有语

气逐渐增强的效果,比如例句最后部分and not to yield是整句的高潮。

▲ One equal temper of heroic hearts, made weak by time and fate, but strong in will, to strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.

(19)euphemism(委婉):用礼貌、非冒犯性的表达,代替不礼貌、冒犯

性的表达,比如例句中的passed away和went to be with the Lord。

▲ Charles Shively, 94, passed away at home and went to be with the Lord on April 22, 2004, from natural causes.

(20)hendiadys(重言):用and连接两个名词,以代替一个形容词和一个

名词,比如例句中的voice and supplication,代替supplicatory voice。

▲ I love the Lord, because he has heard my voice and supplication.

(21)hypallage(换置):交换两个单词的位置,交换之后的句子符合语法,但不一定符合逻辑,比如左边的例句变成右边的例句。

▲ Apply water to the wound. -- Apply the wound to water.

(22)hyperbaton(倒装):颠倒句子各个部分,通常是颠倒主语和谓语,

比如左边的例句可以变成右边的例句。

▲ He is happy. -- Happy is he.

(23)hyperbole(夸张):通过夸张达到某种修辞效果,比如例句中的An hundred years.

▲ An hundred years should got to praise thine eyes and on thine forehead gaze, two hundred to adore each breast, but thirty thousand to the rest.

(24)hysteron proteron(逆序):故意颠倒事件发生的自然顺序,也就是

后发生的先说,先发生的后说,比如左边的例句变成右边的例句。

▲ I fall, I faint, I die. -- I die, I faint, I fall.

(25)irony(反语):字面意思与说话人实际想要表达的意思不一致,通常

用来讽刺,比如例句中的an honourable man。

▲ Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honourable man.

(26)litotes(曲意):利用否定的形式,表达肯定的意思,比如例句中的not healthy相当于dangerous。

▲ War is not healthy for children and other living things.

(27)metaphor(隐喻):利用某些单词进行含蓄的比喻,此时这些单词已

经不再是字面上的意思了,比如例句中的an iron curtain。

▲ From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.

(28)metonymy(换喻)用一个单词代替另外一个在概念上有关联的单词,

比如例句中的sword,用来代替war。

▲ The pen is mightier than the sword.

(29)onomatopoeia(拟声):模拟自然界的各种声音,比如例句中的ticktacking。

▲ I hear the&nb

sp;clock ticktacking, and time goes by.

(30)oxymoron(矛盾修饰):使用两个或多个自相矛盾的单词,比如例句中的cruel和kind。▲ I must be cruel only to be kind.

(31)paradox(佯谬):似是而非、或者似非而是的表达,比如例句中关于youth的看法。

▲ What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young.

(32)paraleipsis(假省):故意省略某个部分之后,修辞效果反而更强,

比如例句中possessions后面的省略。

▲ That part of our history detailing the military achievements which gave us our several possessions ... is a theme too familiar to my listeners for me to dilate on, and I shall therefore pass it by.

(33)paraprosdokian(没有汉语译文):一个句子的结尾令人感到吃惊,

或者令人感到意外,比如例句中的the wall behind me。

▲ Many times when I look in the mirror, I see the wall behind me.

(34)paronomasia(双关语):一个单词或短语,同时具有多重含义,比

如例句中的grave man,即是严肃的人,又是坟墓中的死人。

▲ Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man.

(35)personification(拟人):用人的特性来描述人以外的事物,比如例

句中的England。

▲ England expects every man to do his duty.

(36)pleonasm(冗笔):使用多余的单词,来丰富句子的含义,比如例句

中的rich and poor。

▲ No one, rich or poor, will be excepted.

(37)polysyndeton(连词叠用):在一组单词、短语或从句中,连续使用

某个连词,比如在例句中,连续使用and,给人一种一气呵成的感觉。

▲ I said, "Who killed him?" and he said, "I don’t know who killed him but he’s dead all right," and it was dark and there was water standing in the street and no lights and windows broke and boats all up in the town and trees blown down and everything all blown and I got a skiff and went out and found my boat where I had her inside Mango Bay and she was all right only she was full of water.

(38)prolepsis(预期描写):把未发生的事情当作已发生的事情来描述,

比如下面的例句。

▲ Oh, I am a dead man!

(39)simile(明喻):用as、like等单词对两个事物进行明确的比较,比如

下面的例句。

▲ Reason is to faith as the eye to the telescope.

(40)syllepsis(一笔双叙):一个单词与另外两个单词共同使用,其中一

组的用法是常见的,另外一组的用法是不常见的,比如例句中hang together是常见的,而hang separately是不常见的。

▲ We must all hang together or assuredly we will all hang separately.

(41)synchysis(没有汉语译文):有意(或者无意)将句子中各个单词

的顺序打乱,使人难以理解,比如下面的例句。

▲ Lunch having he is, as writing one with hand, a book in the other hunched over, and notes he is taking.

(42)synecdoche(提喻):用局部代替整体,或者用整体代替局部,比如

例句中的U.S.(美国),在原文中是指U.S. boxing team(美国拳击队)。

▲ The U.S. won three go ld medals.

(43)synesis(没有汉语译文):单词的搭配符合逻辑,但不符合语法,比

如例句中的anyone和them。

▲ If anyone calls, tell them I

am out.

(44)tautology(同义反复):用不同的单词、短语或句子重复同一个意思,

比如例句中的两个短语。

▲ With malice toward none, with charity for all.

(45)zeugma(轭式搭配):用一个形容词修饰两个名词,其中一个修饰是通顺的,另外一个修饰则是勉强的,比如将左边的例句改写成右边的例句。

常见英语修辞手法

常见英文修辞手法(Figures of Speech) 英文的修辞手法种类繁多,功能多样,但总体说来,采用修辞手法,目的是为了使表达生动、形象,有感染力,给人以美感,即实现许渊冲先生所指的的语言的三美:“音美、形美和意美”。 1. figures of comparison: simile, metaphor. (resemblance of two identities) Simile: a figure involves an expressed comparison, always introduced by “like”, “as”or “as if”. e.g.: a. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (Alice Walker: Everyday Use for Your Grandmama) b. Maggie?s hand is as limp as a fish. (Alice Walker: Everyday Use for Your Grandmama) Metaphor: the substitution of one thing for another because of the resemblance between them. It is an implied comparison without “as” or “like”. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be used metaphorically. e.g.: a. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. (The Middle Eastern Bazaar) b. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters? market lie elsewhere in the maze of the vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. (The Middle Eastern Bazaar) c. Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. (The Trial that Rocked the World) d. H. L. Mencken wrote sulphurous dispatches sitting in his pants with a fan blowing on him…(The Trial that Rocked the World) 2. Personification: a figure that endows objects, animals, ideas, or abstractions with human form, character, or sensibility. 1)TO inanimate objects(把无生命的物体拟人化)e.g.: a. The thirsty soil drank in the rain. b. The mist, like love, plays upon the heart of the hills and brings out surprises of beauty. 2) to inanimate living organisms (把有生物拟人化) e.g. a. He (the Fox) muttered as he retreated: “Well! What does it matter! The Grapes are sour!”…. ( Aesop’s Fables) b. Stray birds of summer come to my window to sing and fly away. And yellow leaves of autumn, which have no songs, flutter and fall there with a sigh. (Tagore: Stray Birds) 3) To inanimate concepts or ideas (把抽象概念拟人化) e.g.: a. Wrong cannot afford defeat but Right can. (谬误经不起失败,但真理却不怕失败) (Tagore: Stray Birds)

(完整版)英语中19种修辞手法和例句

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高级英语第一册修辞手法总结.docx

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英语18种重要修辞手法

18种重要修辞手法 一、语义修辞 1明喻(simile)俗称直喻,是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似关系而构成的修辞格。例如: 1.The snow was like a white blanket drawn over the field. 2.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 认真观察以上各例,我们会发现它们的特点,由(as)... as, like等引导,这些引导词被称作比喻词(acknowledging word),它们是辨别明喻的最显著的特征,明喻较为直白,比喻物和被比喻物之间相似点较为明显,所以明喻是一种比较好判断的修辞手法。 2暗喻(metaphor)也称隐喻,是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似或相关关系而构成的修辞格。例如: 1.His friend has become a thorn in his side.(他的朋友已变成眼中钉肉中刺。) 2.You are your mother’s glass.(你是你母亲的翻版。) 3.Hope is a good br eakfast, but it’s a bad supper. 由以上各例可知,暗喻没有引导词,这是明喻和暗喻在形式上的最大区别。换句话说,有为明喻,没有为暗喻。如:He has a heart of stone. He has a heart like stone.很显然,前句是暗喻,后句是明喻。暗喻时,比喻物和被比喻物之间的相似点较为含蓄,猛一看它们毫无关系,实际却有着某种内在联系。 谈到暗喻,有必要说说它的两种变体(variety):博喻(sustained metaphor)和延喻(extended metaphor),它们是英语比喻中的特殊类型。 (1)博喻连续使用多个喻体去比喻主体的方法就叫做博喻。比如: There again came out the second flash, with the spring of a serpe nt and the shout of a fiend, looked green as an emerald, and the reverber ation was stunning.(爆发了第二次闪电,她像蛇一样蜿蜒,如魔鬼般嘶叫,像翠玉般碧绿,轰隆隆震耳欲聋。) 这个例子中对闪电的比喻就用了三个喻体,spring of a serpen t(动态),shout of a fiend(声音),green as an emerald(颜色),它们从不同角度绘声绘色地把闪电呈现在读者面前。由此可见,多喻体的使用其优势是单一喻体所无法比拟的。它可以多角度、多侧面、多层次、多结构地表现主体。 (2)延喻据Longman Modern English Dictionary解释,延喻即make a n initial c omparison and then develop it, expanding the author’s id ea(作出初次比较再扩展,以延伸作者的意图)。请看下例: A photographer is a cod, which produces a million eggs in order that one may reach maturity. (摄影师像鳕鱼,产卵百万为的是长成一条。) 摄影师通常拍片成堆,难觅一成功之作,似鳕鱼产卵无数,长成者廖廖。故萧伯纳把摄影师先比作cod,再进一步用cod的习性比喻之,生动地道出了摄影师的艰辛。这里which后的从句就显示了延喻的功能。 与一般比喻相比延喻的使用更复杂。一般比喻只需抓住主、喻体之间的相似之处,延喻不仅要注意比喻本身,还要注意延伸部分是否与喻体保持了一致。也就是说,延伸部分应当是喻体的一部分,不能游离于其外。 延喻的构成分以下几种: ①由动词构成

英语作文中常用的修辞手法

英语作文中常用的修辞手法 文章最忌语言枯燥无味,一篇好的作文,语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法,可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真,大大增强艺术表现力,扩大语言表达的范围;而且还可以激发读者的想象,给人留下深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。 1.比喻(metaphor) 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻: 明喻(simile): 用like,as,as...as,as if(though)或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如: O my love's like a red,red rose.我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man can't be trusted.He is as slippery as an eel.那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。 Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream.童年就像一场疾逝的梦。 暗喻(metaphor): 用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如: He has a heart of stone.他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage.世界是一个大舞台。 2.换喻(metonymy) 用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称,只要一提到其中一种事物,就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House代替美国政府或者总统,用the bottle来代替wine或者alcohol,用the bar来代替the legal profession,用crown代替king等。例如: His purse would not allow him that luxury.他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle.母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。

高级英语修辞手法和各课举例

常用修辞手法: 1. 比喻 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻: 明喻(simile):用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如: O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 暗喻(metaphor):用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如: He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。 2. 换喻(metonymy) 用一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称,只要一提到其中一种事物,就会使人联想到另一种。如the White House 代美国政府或总统,用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol。 His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。 3. 提喻(synecdoche) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分,以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如: He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。 4. 拟人(personification) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如: My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。 This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。 The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。 5. 委婉(euphemism) 用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语,以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如: 用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代to die 用senior citizens代替old people 用a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil 用weight watcher代替fat people 6. 双关(pun) 用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果:表面上是一个意思,而实际上却暗含另一个意思,这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如: A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器) 一发炮弹打断了他的腿,所以他缴械投降了。 “Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer. “Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗? Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者:七天没有水就是一周没有水。 7. 反语(irony) 使用与真正意义相反的词,正话反说或者反话正说,从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。 8. 头韵(alliteration) 两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如: proud as a peacock

英语中常见的修辞手法

英语中常见的修辞手法

英语中常见的修辞手法 1明喻(Simile) simile -简明英汉词典['s?m?li:] n. (使用like或as等词语的)明喻 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白,使人可见可感可悟,把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。例如: Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.(正如爬山,我们费力爬上三英尺,又掉下去两英尺。)(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B) I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻,把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。) 2暗喻(the metaphor) metaphor -简明英汉词典 ['met?f?] n. 隐喻

暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征,用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词,只是在暗中打比方,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力。例如: I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.(我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。)(第二册第三单元课文A) Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧,孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)(大学英语第二册第七单元课文A) Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.(每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子,浪漫之花含苞待放。)(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A) 3 转喻(the metonymy) 转喻是通过相近的联想,借喻体代替本体。转喻是比隐喻更进一步的比喻,它根本不说出本体事物,直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。例如: The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工(这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧,”医生说,“我会尽力做到科学能做到的,但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时,药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”)(大学英语第三册第六单元课文A) 4夸张(the exaggeration) exaggeration -英汉双向大词典 D.J.[?g?z?d???re???n] - exaggeration n. 1.夸张,夸大 2.夸张的言语;夸张的手法 - Exaggeration n. 夸张;夸大 把事物的特征,有意地加以夸大或缩小,就叫夸张,即采用“言过其实”的说法,使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。英语中夸张修辞格,应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征,因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。例如:

英语中19种修辞手法及解释

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.

2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.

英语中常见的修辞手法11928

英语中常见的修辞手法 1 明喻(Simile) 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白,使人可见可感可悟,把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。例如: Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.(正如爬山,我们费力爬上三英尺,又掉下去两英尺。)(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B) I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻,把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。) 2 暗喻(the metaphor) 暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征,用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词,只是在暗中打比方,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力。例如: I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.(我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。)(第二册第三单元课文A) Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧,孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)(大学英语第二册第七单元课文A) Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.(每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子,浪漫之花含苞待放。)(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A) 3 借代(metonymy) 借代是通过相近的联想,借喻体代替本体。借代是比隐喻更进一步的比喻,它根本不说出本体事物,直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。例如: The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工(这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patien t begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧,”医生说,“我会尽力做到科学能做到的,但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时,药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”)(大学英语第三册第六单元课文A) 4 夸张(hyperbole) 把事物的特征,有意地加以夸大或缩小,就叫夸张,即采用“言过其实”的说法,使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。英语中夸张修辞格,应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征,因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。例如:Most American remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.(在大多数美国人的心目中,马克.吐温是位伟大作家,他描写哈克.费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆.索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。)(eternal和endless都是夸张用语,表示哈克.费恩童年时期田园般的旅游和汤姆.索亚夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事都已成为永恒不朽之作。) 5 拟人(personification) 所谓拟人就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写,赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化。例如:The first day of this term found me on my way to school, beautiful flowers smiling and lovely birds singing in the wood.(新学期第一天上学的路上,美丽的花儿在微笑,可爱的小鸟在林中歌唱.)(采用拟人化的修辞手法使句更为生动,表达更富情感.) The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.(萧瑟的秋风吹落了枝叶,藤上几乎是光秃秃的。) (这里作者运用了拟人手法,将秋天比做人,秋天吹出的寒冷的呼吸就是秋风。语言表达生动、有力,让人有身处其境的感觉)(大学英语第三册第六课课文A) 6 反语(irony) 反语就是说反话,用反话来表达思想、观点、事物等等。有的时候可以达到讽刺的意味。例如: “What fine weather for an outing!”(计划了一个美好的出游却被一场大雨搅和了,于是出现了上面的这句话,通过反语达到讽刺的效果,从而更能够反映出当时的无奈与沮丧。)

英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集

高级英语修辞手法总结归纳

英语修辞手法 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力 气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用,能突破语言的局限,丰富表情达意的审美情趣,起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如:欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

英语中常见的修辞手法

英语中常见的修辞手法 Prepared on 22 November 2020

英语中常见的修辞手法 1明喻(Simile) simile-简明英汉词典 ['smli:] n.(使用like或as等词语的)明喻 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和 喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though 等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白,使人可见可感可悟,把简单的事物表达 的更为形象更为生动。例如: Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.(正如爬山,我们费力爬上三英尺, 又掉下去两英尺。)(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B) I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻,把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。) 2暗喻(the metaphor)metaphor-简明英汉词典 ['metf] n.隐喻 暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物 间的某些共同的特征,用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词,只是在暗 中打比方,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力。例如: I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.(我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。)(第二册第三单元课文A) Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧,孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自 由和人权准则。)(大学英语第二册第七单元课文A) Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.(每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的 种子,浪漫之花含苞待放。)(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A)

英语常见修辞手法

Metaphor隐喻、暗喻 A metaphor is a literary figure of speech that uses an image, story or tangible thing to represent a less tangible thing or some intangible quality or idea; e.g., "Her eyes were glistening jewels". Metaphors are comparisons that show how two things that are not alike in most are similar in one important way. A metaphor is more forceful (active) than an analogy, because metaphor asserts two things are the same, whereas analogy implies a difference; A…B with signal words of: Like, not unlike, as, as if, as it were, may be compared to, similar to…——simile(明喻) A…B with signal words of: Be(is), or no signal words——metaphor synecdoche 即提喻 提喻大致归纳为四种情况:a.部分和全体互代;b.以材料代替事物; c.抽象和具体互代; d.以个体代替整个类。 1.Outside,(there is) a sea of faces.外面街上,是人的海洋。(以人体的局部代全体,即以faces 表示people) 2.Have you any coppers?你有钱吗?(以材料代事物,即以copper铜喻指coin money 铜币) 3.They share the same roof.他们住在一起。(以部分代全体,即roo屋顶,表示house 屋子、住宅) 递升法(Climax) 运用这种修辞手法,能够使要表达的思想加深,感情逐步强化,因而能够增强语言的说服力和感染力

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