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• (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 • work---worked---worked ,visit---visited--visited • (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 • live---lived---lived • (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ， 再加“ ed ”。 • study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried • (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该 辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 • stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped-dropped
Revision of the Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时专讲
目录
• • • • • • 现在完成时态的概念 现在完成时态的结构 现在完成时态的否定，疑问形式 现在完成时态的用法 现在完成时态与一般过去式的比较 现在完成时态练习
冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
If winter has already come, can spring be far behind?
2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态， 也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。通常和 for（一段时间）, since（时间点） 引导的时间状语 连用。此外还可以与 so far, in the last ten years, by now, these days等连用。 I have been here for about 5 years. He has worked here since 1989.
I haven’t seen her these days.
来自百度文库
She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago
They have lived here since 1990.
常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:
already (已经): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left.
5.缩写形式 I have … You have … We have… He has… She has … =I’ve …
=You’ve …
=We’ve… =He’s …
They have… =They’ve…
=She’s…
二、用法
1、表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 --Would you like some bread? --No, thanks. I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿) 常与副词 just（刚刚）, already, before, yet（一般 疑问：已经；否定句：还), never, ever等连用。 ① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work. ④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. ⑤ I’ve just finished my homework. ⑥ He has not come yet.
1.现在完成时的概念
1）表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影 响或结果； 2） 表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或 状态。
E.g. He has learned English since 2001.
一. 结构
1.肯定句: have / has + p.p.(过去分词)
2.否定句: have/has + not + p.p.(过去分词) 3.一般疑问句: Have / Has 提到句首 Yes, … have / has. No, … haven't /hasn’t.
动词的过去式以及过去分词
• • • • •
AAA: put– put –put let—let –let ABB: stand—stood— stood ABA: become—became—become ABC: eat— ate—eaten AAB: beat--beat--beaten
规则动词
have not written to my parents
recently.
so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前为止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
already和yet的区别 already常用于肯定句中或句末；
yet常用于一般疑问句或否定句末。
但表惊讶时already也可用于疑问句。 e.g. 1.Tom has already finished his work. 2.Tom hasn’t finished his work yet. 3.What!Have you already finished it?
ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ?
never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自从…以来) I’ve worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…) recently(最近) I
