高中英语新课标人教版必修四二单元词汇
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1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力
[典例]
1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。
2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。
[词语归纳]
struggle for 为„„而斗争 struggle with / against与„„作斗争
struggle to do sth.努力做某事 straggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来
a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). They are ________ (为„„而斗争) the position
2). They struggled all through the years ______ us _______ the
Japanese.(介词)
3). The fox struggled ________ (escape).
4). He _______ _______ _______ _______ (挣扎着站起来) and dragged
slowly ahead.
Keys: 1). struggling for 2). with; against 3). to escape 4).
struggled to his feet
2. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n.[u] 装备；设备
[典例]
1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他们为远征治装。
2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用终生。
[重点用法]
equip sb./sth. with 用„„武装某人；用„„装备某物
equip sb./sth. for 为„„而武装某人；为„„而装备某物
a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). The soldiers were well _______ _______ (装备好了) weapons.
2). We must equip young teachers _______ _______ _______ (对付)
difficult children.
3). This library is equipped _______ (介词) atomic research.
4). Our classroom _______ _______ _______ (装备有) a computer and a
tape recorder.
Keys: 1). equipped with 2). to deal with 3). for 4). is
equipped with
3. regret (regretted) vt. (对„„)遗憾；惋惜 n.[c,u] 遗憾；惋惜
[典例]
1). If you go now, you’ ll regret it. 假若你现在就走, 一定得後悔。
2). I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉, 那个工作已经有人做了。
[重点用法]
regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知
regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事 regret that
遗憾/后悔„
[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). I now regret _______ (leave) school so young.
2). _______ _______ _______ _______(非常抱歉), I am unable to
accept your invitation.
3). I regret _______ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed.
Keys: 1). leaving / having done 2). Much to my regret/To my great
regret 3). to inform
4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少；减缩 reduction n.缩减，减少，降低
[典例]
1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos. 他把体重从98公斤减少到92公斤。
2). The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。
[重点用法]
reduce sth (from...) to... 把某物从„„减少到„„ reduce sth.
by... 减少多少
[练习] 根据句子意思填入正确的介词。
1). We must reduce our expenses ______ 300 yuan a month.
2). Their output has been reduced ______ 10 percent.
3). He reduced his weight ______ 6 kilos.
Keys: 1). to 2). by 3). by
5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n. [c,u] 焦点；中心点
[典例]
1). Focus your camera. 把照相机的焦距调准。
2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她长得漂亮, 很惹人注目。
[重点用法]
focus on集中于 focus (one’ s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). The focus of recent research has been _______ (介词) environmental
issues.
2). All eyes _______ _______ (集中于) her.
3). They focused their mind on ______ (do) the experiment.
Keys: 1). on 2). focussed on 3). doing
ment vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论 n. [c, u] 评论；议论
[典例]
1). The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多议论。
2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部长，你是要辞职吗?”“无可奉告。”
[重点用法]
comment on/about sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论
make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论/不进行评论
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). Have you any comment(s) _______ (make) on the recent
developments?
2). Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister _______
_______ (发表意见) no decision had yet been made.
3). She was asked about the pay increase but _______ _______ _______
(不进行评论) on it.
Keys: 1). to make 2). commented that 3). made no comment
V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 (有时作反语)
[典例]
1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。
2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 比赛取消了。
[重点用法]
thanks to 相当于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account
of /as a result of 如：
1). He was injured due to /owing to a car accident.
2). His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.
3). The train arrived late on account of /as a result of a heavy snow.
4). Thanks to him, I’ m getting better and better .
5). It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game .
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 多亏了新的政策，我们现在过着幸福的生活。
_________________________________________________________
2). 多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。(用强调句)
_________________________________________________________
3). 由于交通堵塞我迟到了。
_________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a happy life.
2). It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
3). I was late thanks to the traffic jam.
2. rid sb./sth. of... 使某人/某物摆脱„„
[典例]
1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out
