广东自学考试英语语言学真题版

2011年1月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷课程代码06422）I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word ,whose initial letter has been given.1. The 3 branches of phonetics are labeled articulatory phonetics ,auditory phonetics ,and a__________ phonetics.2. When 2 different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings ,they are said to be in a m_________ pair .3. R__________ motivation refers to the fact that learners learn a second language for external purposes .4. Later Noam Chomsky prefers this innate endowment as UG ,i.e. U_____ Grammar.5. In "NP → （Deg )A(pp)……", the dots in the rule indicate that other c________ options are available .6. The articulatory apparatus of human being are contained in 3 important areas :the p______ cavity，the oral cavity ,and the nasal cavity.7. L________ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community .8. H________ refers to the sense relation between a more general ,more inclusive word and a more specific word .9. The description of a language at a given point in time is a s______ study.10. The study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication is called p_________.11. The structure corresponding to the final syntactic output of the sentence which results from appropriate transformations is called s______ structure.12. The term d________, first used by Ferguson in 1959,refers to a sociolinguistic situation similar to bilingualism .13. Learners' independent system of the second language which is of neither the second language is known as i______.14. The sound ［p］in pit is pronounced with a strong puff of air, which is said to be a________.15. C_______ model states that in word comprehension words are analyzed by hearers from beginning to end.16. S______ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form and is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form .17. Major lexical categories are Noun, Verb , Adjective , and P___________.18. S_______ is the sub-field of linguistics that studies the relation between linguistic and society between the uses of language and social structures.19. P________ is concerned with the progress of language comprehension and production.20. Linguistics studies not any particular language ,but languages in g____.II. Multiple choice(20%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. __refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed .A.SyntaxB. EtymologyC. LexicologyD. Morphology22. ___ aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to convey meaning in linguistic communication .A. PhoneticsB. PhonemicsC. PhonologyD. Phonotactics23. Language ___ refers to a natural ability for learning a second language.A. aptitudeB. competenceC. performanceD. attitude24. ___ is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional ,social, gender, and age variations .A. IdiolectB. PidginC. SociolectD. Creole25. A(n) ___ is a word formed by combining parts of other words , e.g. smog .A. back -formationB. blendC. abbreviationD. clipping26. The traditional and the only way to study the brain in the past was through ____ studies .A. experimentalB. surgicalC. autopsyD. observational27.___ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form ,i.e. Different words are identical in sound or spelling ,or in both .A. PolysemyB. SynonymC. HomophoneD. Homonymy28.The arrow in the phrase structure rule "S→NP VP " is read as ___.A. is equal toB. generatesC. hasD. consists of29.___ of neighbouring sound is , for the most part ,caused by articulatory or physiological progress .A. AssimilationB. FormalizationC. DerivationD. Patterning30.The drive that people learn a foreign language because of the wish to identify with the target culture is called ____ motivation .A. instrumentalB. resultativeC. integrativeD. intrinsic31There are different types of affixes pr morphemes .The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is known as a(n) __.A.derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free form32.If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyzed the language people actually use ,it is said to be ___A. descriptiveB. prescriptiveC. synchronicD. diachronic33.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by __ in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M.A.K Halliday34. Of the following sound combination ,only ___ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English .A. mibleB. bmilC. imlbD. ilbm35 Which of the following English words is formed by clipping ?A. smogB.UNESCOC. baby-sitD. disco36 Of the following words ,____ belongs to the open class word .A. emaiB. butC. theD. they37 The sense relation for the pair of words "doctor and patient "is __A. synonymyB. hyponymyC. antonymyD. homonymy38 In learning a foreign language,instances of mother tongue interference can be found act the level of ___.A. pronunciationB. vocabularyC. syntaxD. all of the above39 According to F .de Saussure,____ refers to the system of language .A. langueB. paroleC. competenceD. performance40.The utterance "We 're already working 25 hours a day, 8 days a week " obviously violates the maxim of ___A. qualityB. quantityC. relationD. mannerIII. True of false judgement (20%)Judge whether the following statements are true or false .Write T in ye corresponding bracket for a true statement and F for a false one .41.Damage to parts of the brain in front of the central sulcus will cause fluent aphasia .42.D-structure is formed by the XP rule in accordance with the head's supercanonization properties .43.An illocution act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something .It is the consequence of the utterance .44.The LAD was described as an imaginary "black box "which is said to contain rules that are specific only to human languages .ponential analysis is a way proposed by the structure semantics to analyze lexical word meaning .46.Garden path sentence is an awkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them down the garden path to a wrong direction .47.Acronyms are words derives from the initials and ending of several words .48. Diglossia refers to the dialect having to do with separation brought about by different social conditions.49.In daily life people often see the situation in which adult speak differently when talking to little children ,they use a special speech called motherese.50.Phonology is the study of how speech sounds are produced by human speech organsIV. Explain the following notions briefly (25%)51.broad transcription vs narrow transcription52.selection restriction53.speech act theory54.Critical Period Hypothesis55.Draw a tree diagram for the surface structure of "A man will find the dog"V. Write a passage of 120-150 words on the following topic .(15%)56. What are the major views concerning the study of meaning ?部分参考答案：1. acoustic2. minimal3. Resultative4. Universal5. complement6. pharyngeal7. Langue8. Hyponymy9.synchronic 10. pragmatics11.surface 12. diaglossia 13. Interlanguage 14. aspirated 15. Cohort16. Sense 17. Preposition 18. Siciolinguistics 19. Psycholinguistics 20. general21. D 22.C 23.A 24.A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28.D 29. A 30.C31. C 32.A 33.C 34. A 35.D 36. A 37. C 38.D 39.A 40.A41.F 42.F 43. F 44.T 45.T 46. F 47. F 48.F 49. T 50.F2011年10月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.1. The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic r_______.2. I________ motivation refers to learners learning the second language for enjoyment or pleasure from learning.3. The phonetic transcription, n______ transcription ,is normally used by phoneticians to give minute and detailed descriptions of speech sounds.4. The way that new words are coined from already existing words by “subtracting ” an affix thought to be part of the old word is called b_______.5. The meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic f_______.6. In addition to social changes, one of the most pervasive sources of language change seems to be the continual process of cultural t________ across generations.7. P______ is the study of sounds used in linguistic communication.8. When the vocal cords are drawn wide apart to let air go through without vibration, the sounds thus produced are v_________.9. The social group that is singled out for any special study is named as the s_______ community.10. According to N. Chomsky, c________ refers to the ideal user ’s knowledge of the rules of his language .11. P_____ refers to the realization of langue in actual use.12. The notion of c_______ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.13. Damage to parts of the left cortex behind the central sulcus results in a type of aphasia called f_____ aphasia.14. The c__________ view of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or reduce meaning to observable contexts.15. Lexical d________ task is a kind of experiment psycholinguistics employ to investigate lexical access.16. A theory which explicitly empl oys the notion “concept ”is the semantic t________ proposed by Ogden and Richards in their book The Meaning of Meaning.17. Clear [ l ] and dark [ l ] are allophones of the same one phoneme /l/. They never take the same position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c_________ distribution.18. Since there are often intermediate forms between the two members of an antonymous pair, so they are called g________ antonyms.19. S_______ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.20. A t_______ experiment is a technique that is used to study the determinants of sentence processing difficulty.II. Multiple choice(15%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes,_______, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed , added , lost or altered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utterance22. The consonant [ f ] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features :A. voiceless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced , bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricative23.The study of language as a whole is often called ______.A. universal linguisticsB. common linguisticsC. prescriptive linguisticsD. general linguistics24.In the phrase structure rule “S→NP VP”，the arrow can be read as _______.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates25.The illocutionary point of _____is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.A. representativesB. commissivesC. expressives D declarations26.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by _____ in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M.A.F. Halliday27._____ motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.A. InstrumentalB. FunctionalC. IntegrativeD. Social28.While different words may have the same or similar meaning , the same word may have more than one meaning. This kind of words are called _________.A. polysemic wordsB. homographsC. homonymsD. synonyms29.The term _____ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language changes over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparative30.Speech act theory was origin ated with the British philosopher ____ in the late 50’s of the 20th century.A. M.A.F. HallidayB. L. Bloomfield C . J. Searle D. J. Austin31.If the linguistic study aims to lay down rules for correct and standard behavior in using language ,it is said to be _______.A. descriptiveB. prescriptiveC. synchronicD. diachronic32.In the case of spit, the consonant [ p ] is said to be _____.A. aspiratedB. voicedC. unaspiratedD. unprounceable33.What the elemen t “-es ” indicates is third person singular ,present tense ,the element “-ed ” past tense, and “-ing ”progressive aspect .Since they are the smallest units of language and meaningful ,they are also _______.A. phonemesB. phonesC. allophonesD. morphemes34.Synoymous are classified into several kinds .This kind to which ‘girl ’ and‘lass ’ belong is called ___ synonyms.A. stylisticB. dialectalC. emotiveD. collocational35.In a speech community People have something in common _____: a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it..A.sociallyB. linguisticallyC. culturallyD. pragmaticallyIII. True of false judgement (20%)36. The interactionist view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops .37. A creole is said to be formed when a pidgin has become the primary language of a speech community ,and is acquired by the children of that speech community as their native language .38. Garden path sentence is an awkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them down the garden path to a wrong direction .39. A phoneme is the smallest linguistic unit of sound that can distinguish two words .40. Register refers to the type of utterance which is selected as appropriate to the type oftypology .41. Phonology studies the functioning of the speech sounds.42. Predication analysis was proposed by the British linguist J. Searle to analyze the meaning of utterance .43. Specifiers have both special semantic and syntactic roles since they help make more precise the meaning of the head and mark a phrase boundary.44. Different language offer people different ways of expressing the world around, they think and speak differently, this is also known as linguistic relativity.45. Metacognitive strategies deal with the wayside learners interact or communicate with other speakers, native or non-native .IV. Explain the following notions briefly (25%)46. derivational morpheme47. IPA( International Phonetic Alphabet)48. cultural transmission49. Deep Structure vs. Surface Structure50. The naming theoryV. Essay question (20%)51. According to Austin ,what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making an utterance ? Give an example.参考答案1.repertoire2.Intrinsic3.narrow4.back-formation5.features6.transmission7.Phon ology8.voiceless9.speech petence11.Parole 12.context 13. fluent14.contextualist 15.dicision16.triangle plementary 18.gradable 19.Sense20.timed-reading21. C 22. B 23.D 24. B 25.C 26.C 27.C 28. A 29.B 30.C31.B 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.B36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42. F 43. T 44.T 45. F46. Morphemes that change the meaning or lexical category of the words to which they attach. 47. It isa standardized and internationally accepted system of phonetic transcription.48. While human capacity for language has a genetic basis, i.e., we were all born with the ability to ac quire language, the details of any language system are not genetically transmitted, but instead have to be taught and learned.Language is passed on from one generation to the next through teaching and learning, rather than by i nstinct 49. The first, formed by the XP rule in a accordance with the head's subcategorization propertie s ,is called deep stmcture.The second, corresponding to the final syntactic form of the sentence which results from appropriate tr ansformations, is called surface structure50. One of the oldest notions concerning meaning, and also a very primitive one, was the naming theor y proposed by the ancient Greek scholar Plato. The words used in a language are taken to be labels of t he objects they stand for.51. locutionary act ------the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses. It‟s an act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon, and phonology. Namely .,the act of s aying something :the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense and reference.(言内行为指的是用句子来叙述，报告，描写。

广东省自考英语二试题及答案大全一、听力理解（共20分）A. 对话理解（每题2分，共10分）1. What does the man suggest they do?A) Go out for a walk.B) Stay at home and watch a movie.C) Meet some friends at a café.D) Visit the museum.2. Why is the woman going to the bookstore?A) To buy a birthday gift.B) To return a borrowed book.C) To find a textbook for her class.D) To look for a novel for leisure reading.B. 短文理解（每题2分，共10分）3. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The importance of a healthy diet.B) The benefits of regular exercise.C) The effects of stress on health.D) The role of sleep in well-being.4. What does the speaker recommend to improve sleep quality?A) Cutting down on caffeine.B) Limiting screen time before bed.C) Taking a hot bath before sleeping.D) All of the above.二、词汇与语法（共30分）5. The correct answer is ( ).A) He has never been to Paris.B) He has never gone to Paris.C) He has ever been to Paris.D) He has already gone to Paris.6. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given. The company is planning to _______ (expand) its business overseas.三、阅读理解（共30分）7. According to the text, which of the following is trueabout the new policy?A) It aims to reduce traffic congestion.B) It encourages the use of public transportation.C) It will be implemented in all major cities.D) It requires all vehicles to be inspected annually.8. What is the author's opinion on the new policy?A) It is a necessary step towards sustainability.B) It is too restrictive and will not be effective.C) It is a good idea but lacks proper enforcement.D) It will have a negative impact on the economy.四、翻译（共20分）9. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。

广东省广州市成考专升本2021-2022学年英语自考真题(附答案)学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、单选题(30题)1. Let me help you, ______?A.won't yonB.will youC.shall ID.shan't I2. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______.A.will be takenB.are takenC.were takenD.had been taken3. The heavy snow could not keep US_________going out to work．A.onB.upC.uponD.from4. When we ______ the museum is not decided.A.visitedB.visitC.will visitD.visiting5. Sickness deprived me ______ the pleasure of seeing you.A.fromB.ofC.out ofD.with6.The scientists all agreed that rules of physics, ______ we are all familiar, govern the worldA.to whichB.on whichC.whichD.with which7. ______today, be would get there by Friday.A.Were he leaveB.Was be leavingC.Were he to leaveD.If he leaves8._____ crying sadly, he raised his head and let tears stream down his face on purposeA.To be seenB.SeeingC.To seeD.Having seen9. I wonder how much ______ .A.that car wasB.was that carC.is that carD.that car is10. They required that all the necessary documents ______ to the president's office before the end of this month.A.be handedB.must be handedC.should hand inD.had been handed in11.The novel written by the author _______ well, but five years agro no one could have imagined how great a role he _______ in the literary worldA.sells; was to playB.selling; was playingC.sold; had playedD.sell; is playing12.12．It was the training _______ he had at school _______ made him a good jumper ．A.what; whatB.that; thatC.what; thatD.that; had13. —That's me when I got married. See what I look like now! —Why not go on a diet to get into ______ ?A.shapeB.formC.appearanceD.body14. I can never forget ______ the famous actress during her visit to our school．A.having been metB.to meetC.to have metD.meeting15. Countries that traditionally never allowed foreign students to stay and work like Germany or the United Kingdom—are facing their own labor ______ in information technology and relaxing their immigration laws.A.cutsB.shortagesC.weaknessesD.imports16. —Oh, Mary! You should do your work instead of sitting here watching TV. —______.A.That's not a very good idea. produces good influence on children.C.What makes you say that?D.You said TV was educational.17. Jane has brown hair, in fact, it's quite similar in shade______yours.A.asB.withC.likeD.to18. Not only I but also Tom and Mary ______fond of collecting stamps.A.amB.willC.areD.have19.Balloons float in the air_________ boats do on the sea.A.just asB.whenC.thatD.where20._______ many times, he finally understood the problem.A.ToldB.TellingC.Having toldD.Having been told21. ______ you may be right, I can't altogether agree.A.WhileB.AsC.ifD.Since22. We were overjoyed at the news of China__________ another man-made satel1ite．A.startingB.1aunchingC.fightingD.shouting23.I noticed his eyes ______, because they were very large.A.in particularB.with particularC.in specialD.with special24.—Has the wallet been returned yet? —No，but we expect ______ any day now.A.to return itB.it to returnC.it to be returnedD.it returned25.Little_________that their plan has beenDiscovered．A.did they suspectB.do the suspectC.do they suspectD.they suspect26. My father______me by saying that I could win in the speech contest, so I took part in it.A.discouragedB.encouragedC.preventedD.asked27.Not until he left his home _______ to know how important the family was for him.A.did he beginB.had he begunC.he beganD.he has begun28.It is reported that many a new house _______ at present in the disaster areaA.are being builtB.were being builtC.was being builtD.is being built29. Sometimes children have trouble ______ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.A.to separateB.separatingC.for separatingD.of separating30.While ______ a job ,the graduate student got an offer to study abroadA.applied forB.applying toC.applied toD.applying for二、汉译英(20题)31. 不胜感谢贵方对此事的注意。

广东自考本科学位英语试卷为了即将到来的广东自考本科学位英语的考试，先来看看它的试卷提心吧。

下面是店铺给大家整理的广东自考本科学位英语试卷，供大家参阅!广东自考本科学位英语试卷:Part I Dialogue Completion Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Jenny: Shall I go and tell Mr. Fairbanks about our proposal? Jackie: ___________.A. Yes, you goB. Yes, goC. Yes, let’sD. Yes, please2. Mori: It’s a pleasure to meet you here. Kaco: __________.A. Pleased to meet you, tooB. Thank you so muchC. I didn’t expect to see you hereD. You’re too hospitable3. Williams: Excuse me. I’m looking for a present for my son.I have no idea what to get him, Can you help me? Sales girl: ____________.A. Of course I canB. No, I can’t actuallyC. You must buy him a T-shirtD. Yes, I think a T-shirt would be a good idea4. Tim: I hear you’ve been to the book fair. How was it? Susan: _____________.A. Absolutely marvelousB. Very much indeedC. Not necessarilyD. Quite disappointed5. Ed: How do you get along with your new music teacher? Maggie: Ms. Davis? __________, but I like her a lot.A. She’s humorousB. She’s nice to meC. She’s a bit strangeD. She’s good at dancing6. David: Charles, could you drive me to the railway station? Charles: ____________A. No, thanks.B. I’ll be there on time.C. Sure, why not?D. Never mind.7. Max: My son has been admitted by Beijing University. Walt: Congratulations! He is such a smart boy. Max: ___________.A. Yes, he isB. You are rightC. Thank you very muchD. Don’t mention it8. Student: Do you mind our performing rock ‘n’ roll in the hall? Teacher: _________.A. No, you’d better notB. Of course, it’s allowed hereC. Oh, I’d rather you didn’t actuallyD. I’d prefer to listen to rock ‘a’ roll9. Clerk: Excuse me, this a non-smoking place. Customer: __________A. Oh, I’m sorry.B. How can you say that?C. Tha t’s all right.D. That’s impossible.10. Waiter: How would you like your coffee? Customer: ____________.A. It’s well doneB. Very nice, thanksC. With sugar, pleaseD. Only one cup11. Virginia: What about going to do some shopping thisafternoon? Rena: ____________.A. Go ahead, please.B. Good idea!C. Me, too.D. Help yourself.12. Carlos: Thank you very much, Miss James. That helped me a lot. Miss James: ___________, Carlos.A. Don’t thank meB. Don’t mention itC. I’m fineD. I’m sorry13. Susan: I’m worried. My son doesn’t like to talk with me. Tracy: ___________. We were all like that at his age.A. Take it easyB. Change his mindC. Don’t quarrel with himD. Don’t refuse him14. Nicolas: I’d like to donate money to help poor children at school. To whom shall I give my share? Li Ming: ____________ I’ll ask about that and let you know.A. Very well.B. Who knows?C. Thank you all the same.D. It all depends.15. Kelvin: We’re almost finished with the project now. _____________. Teresa: Actually, I prefer to keep going.A. Let’s hurry upB. We’ve too tired nowC. Wellbe on timeD. Let’s stop for a break广东自考本科学位英语试卷:Part II Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneJack Billabong is a stockman. One Friday afternoon he was riding along the track towards the Henderson farm. He was looking for a prize bull which had escaped from the Borrogee paddock. He reached the hills and saw at once that he could notgo further.There had been a fire in the forest which had gone out. But the air was still full of smoke and fallen trees had blocked the track. Jack was just going to turn back when he saw something moving in the smoke. He waited. It was a girl on a horse, and she was riding towards him. “There’s a badly burnt man on the farm,” the girl shouted. “He saved my life. Please help me to save him.”The girl was Cathy Henderson. She had been on horseback for two hours. She had to jump over fallen trees that were still burning. Her pony had fallen with her twice. She was thirsty and almost dead from want of sleep. But she rode back to the farm with Jack immediately.Joe Brook was unconscious when they reached him. They lifted him onto Jack’s horse. The ride back to Borrogee was terrible. Cathy was so tired that Jack had to tie her to her pony. The pony was tired too, but its courage was astonishing. It followed Jack right to Borrogee Hospital. Nobody saw them arrive because it was night.“I’ve never seen a horse like that pony,” Jack said. Cathy praised Jack Billabong, but she refused to say anything about the pony, “Joe will write about her in his story,” she said.But she did say one thing: “If flame hadn’t returned to the farm that afternoon, Joe and I would have died.”16. Jack Billabong did not turn back because _____________.A. he hadn’t found the bull yetB. he smelt a heavy smoke in the forestC. he knew there was a burnt man thereD. he saw something moving towards him17. Why was the ride back to Borrogee terrible?A. Because Joe was tired out.B. Because the ride started late at night.C. Because they didn’t have enough courage.D. Because both Cathy and her pony were exhausted.18. Cathy refused to talk to reporters about the pony when she was in Borrogee Hospital because ____________.A. she didn’t know what to sayB. Jack asked her not to talk to themC. she was too weak to say anythingD. Joe would write about it in his writing19. What does the word “flame” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Jack.B. The pony.C. Jack’s horse.D. The fire.20. Which of the following is the best title of the story?A. Rescue of Joe Brook.B. Courage of Jack Billabong.C. Love of a Young Girl.D. Heroism of a Lovely Pony.Passage TwoThe faces of elderly, happily-married people sometimes resemble each other. Dr. Aiken studied a number of couples who had been married for at least twenty-five years. Each couple provided four photographs—one photo of each partner at the time of their marriage and another photo of each partner twenty-five or more years later. All background was cut from the photos to remove any clues. The photos were then displayed in groups: a random grouping of the persons at the time of their marriage and another random grouping of the same persons who took photographs later. Some testees were asked to pick out the partners. They failed totally with the first group. Theirjudgements were no better than chance. But with the photos taken twenty-five or more years after the marriage, the testees were quite successful with the most happily-married couples.Dr. Aiken believes there are several reasons why couples grow alike. One reason has something to do with imitation. One person tends to copy or do the same as someone else without knowing it. He says human begins to imitate the expressions of the faces of their loved ones. “Another possible reason,” he says, “is the common experience of the couples.” There is a tendency for people who have the same life experience to change their faces in similar ways. For example, if a couple have suffered from a lot of sad experiences, their faces are likely to change in a similar way.21. Dr. Aiken cut the background from the photos for the purpose of __________.A. imitating the couples’ lifeB. grouping the couples againC. leaving no trace for the testeesD. giving the testees more chances22. The underlined sentence “Their judgements were no better than chance” implies that the testees __________.A. did a good job in making their choices.B. had difficulty in picking out the partnersC. had no chance to make the right judgementsD. did better with the first group than with the second23. The underlined word “imitate” (in Para. 2) has a similar meaning to __________.A. copyB. changeC. knowD. suffer24. From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ___________.A. couples who look alike can live longerB. most partners have been proved to grow alikeC. the influence between partners can be quite strongD. happily-married couples are often richer than others25. The main purpose of the passage is to ___________.A. explain why couples grow alikeB. tell how couples like each otherC. discuss the function of marriageD. describe the life of happily married couples。

prim2012年10月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.1. Three branches of phonetics are articulatory phonetics, a_______phonetics, and acoustic phonetics.2. The word around which a phrase is formed is termed head , and the words on the right side of the heads are c____________.3. H__________ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form, i.e., different words are identical in sound or spelling ,or in both.4. S__________ refers to the linguistic variety characteristic of a particular social class.5. There are two types of a__________ dyslexia: phonological dyslexia and surface dyslexia.6. Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around , they think and speak differently , this is known as linguistic r_______.7. The most basic and the smallest meaningful element of meaning is traditionally called m___________.8. The i__________ view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the human characteristics of the child and the environment in which he develops.9. C___________ determines the speaker’s use of language and also the hearer’s interpretation of what is sa id to him10. If the linguistic study aims lay down rules for “correct and standard” behavior in using language, i.e. to tell people what they should say and what they should not say, it is said to be p___________.11. Vibration of the vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called “v___________”.12. R__________ means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world.13. A__________ refers to a number of acquired language disorder due to the cerebral lesions caused by vascular problems, a tumor, an accident and so on.14. Minor Lexical Categories refer to D_________, Degree word, Qualifier , Auxiliary and Conjunction.15. Linguistics is a scientific study because it is based on the s_____________ investigation of linguistic data.16. Grammatical of functional words are referred to as being c_____class words .17. A p___________ is a special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people who speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading.18. A________ are words derived from the initials of several words, such as WTO.19. I________ motivation refers to the drive that people learn a foreign language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.20.Chomsky uses the term p________ to refer to the actual realization of the knowledge in linguistic communication.II. Multiple choice(20%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Different from contrastive analysis, _______ gave less consideration to learners’ native language.A . negative transfer B. mistake analysisC. positive analysisD. error analysis22. The social group that is singled out for any special study is called the __________.A. public societyB. common groupC. speech communityD. speech group23. English consonants can be classified in two ways: one is in terms of _____ of articulation and the other is in terms of place of articulation.A. forceB. positionC. mannerD. pattern24. ___________ analysis is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning.A. ComponentialB. ContrastiveC. ComparativeD. Inflection25. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.A. morphemesB. elementsC. segmentsD. constituents26. ____________ motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to communicate with native speakers of the target language.A. PositiveB. IntegrativeC. InstrumentalD. Intrinsic27. The words on the left side of the heads are said to function as _______.A. modifiersB. qualifiersC.specifiersD. determiners28.The following sounds belong to the same natural class EXCEPT____.A.[t]B.[s]C.[p]D.[k]29. The sentence that has a NP and a PP can be shown in a ______ formula “S→NP PP”.A. hierarchicalB. tree diagramC. verticalD. linear30. If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, it is said to be______.A. prescriptiveB. descriptiveC. synchronicD. diachronic31.The relationship between “ flower “and “ rose” is _______.A.homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymy32.The pair of words “ east ”and “ west “ is ________.A. gradable antonymsB.co-hyponymsplementary oppositeD. relational opposites33.Which of the following hypothesis is put forward by Eric Lenneberg?A. Critical Period HypothesisB. Input HypothesisC. Sapir-Whorf HypothesisD. Language Acquisition Device Hypothesis34. X: John has taken part in the London Olympic Games.Y: John is a sportsman.The sense relation between the above sentences is _____.A. X entails YB. X is inconsistent with YC. X presupposes YD. X is synonymous with Y35.The word “unreasonably” consists of ____ morphemes.A. 4B. 3C. 5D.236.____ occurs when the Cooperative Principle is violated.A. Locutionary actB. Illocutionary actC. Conversational implicatureD. Intralingual error37. When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment that occurs in the same place in the string, the two sound combinations are said to form a __________.A. adjacency pairsB. minimal pairsC. complementary pairsD. similar pairs38.”Brunch” is a word formed by _____.A. clippingB. back-formationC. coinageD. blending39.Which of the underlined morphemes below is a derivational morpheme?A. startedB. jumpingC. physicianD. suffixes40.____ is concerned with the processes of language comprehension and production.A. PragmaticsB. MorphologyC. SemanticsD. PsycholinguisticsIII.True of false judgement (20%)41. The brain, weighing about 1,400grams, consists of about ten billion nerve cells called neurons.42. W hat is measured in the ing experiment is the extent to which the prime influences the subject’s psychological decision performance on the target stimulus.43. According to Austin, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously when speaking: locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act.44. Diacritics are added to the letter-symbols to bring out finer distinctions than the letters alone may possibly do.45.Mode of discourse refers to the role of relationship in the situation in question.46.”Language is arbitrary” means that there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds since different sounds are used to refer to the same object in different languages.47.Derivational morphemes are the group of morphemes such as –en,-ate, and –ic etc. Because when they are conjoined to other morphemes (or words), a new word is derived of formed.48. Locutionary act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance; it is the act performed by saying something.49.The cortex is separated by the longitudinal fissure into two parts: the left and right cerebral hemispheres.50. Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by N. Chomsky in 1967. IV.Explain the following notions briefly (25%)51.behaviourist52.sense and reference53.Wh-MovementD55.Draw a tree diagram for “The girl bought the book.”V. Essay question (15%)Write a passage of 120-150words on the following topic .56. What are suprasegmental features? How do the major suprasegmental features of English function in conveying meaning?Illustrate your answer with concrete examples.部分参考答案1.auditory2. complements3. Homonymy 4 Sociolect 5. acquired 6. relativity7. morpheme 8. interractionist 9. Context10. Prescriptive 11. voicing 12. Reference13.Aphasia 14 . Determiner 15. systematic16. closed 17. pidgin 18. Acronyms19. Integrative 20. performance21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. A26.B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30.B31.B 32.D 33. A 34.C 35.A36. C 37.B 38. D 39. C 40.D41.T 42. F 43.T 44. T 45. F 46. T 47.T 48.F 49.T 50.F。

绝密★启用前2015年7月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）考生注意：1.答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效；2.考试时间150分钟。

I.Blanking-filling.(20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word whose initial letter has been given.nguage is a system of a vocal symbols used for human communication.2.As a design feature of human language,d means that language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.3.The description of a language at some point of time in history is a s study.4.Chomsky defined c as the ideal user`s knowledge of the rules of his language,and performance the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.5.Vibration of the vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds call v .6.The different phones that can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments called the aof the phoneme.7.The m unit of meaning is traditionally called morpheme.8.I morphemes are bound morphemes that are for the most part purely grammatical markers,signifying such concepts as tense,number,case and so on.9.Phrases that are formed of more than one word usually contain the following elements: head, specifier and c .10.The final syntactic form of the sentence which results from appropriate t is known as surface structure.11.Concerning the study of meaning, conceptualist view holds that there is no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to; rather, in the interpretation of meaning they are linked through the mediation of c in the mind.12.The sense relation between"flower" and "tulip" is called h .13.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaningthe t of use is taken into consideration14.ISBN is an a derived from the initials of " International Standard Book Number".15.S refers to the linguistic variety characteristic of a particular social class16.The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a r .17.In cross-cultural communication, some elements of culture A enter culture B and becomepart of culture B, thus bringing about the phenomenon of cultural d .18.Behaviorists hold that the differences between native and target languages would either leadto positive transfer or negative transfer, also known as i .19.Learning s are learners conscious, goal-oriented and problem-solving based efforts to achieve learning efficiency.20.N is the study of the relationship between brain and language linguistics.II. Multiple choice.(20%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Who among the following linguists defined the meaning of a language form as the"situation in which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer"?A.N. ChomskyB. F de SaussureC. L. BloomfieldD. M. A K. Halliday22. Which of the following words ends with a palatal, voiceless affricate?A.bridgeB.teachC. fishD.massage23. Which of the following words contains a back vowel?A. badB. beatC. fatherD. but24. Which of the following is hot A minimal pair?A. pit, pigB. kill, pillC. leak, seekD.carp, park25. Which of the following is an open class word?A. andB. ofC. theirD. meet26. Which of the underlined morphemes below is not an inflectional morpheme?A.walksB.walkerC. walkedD. walking27. Which of the following words contains the fewest morphemes?A.understandB.uncoveredC.unhappilyD.unacceptable28. The information about a word's complement is included in the head and termedA. categorizationB. subcategorizationC. complementationD.generalization29. The pair of words“male”and“ female" belongs to.A. gradable antonymsB. relational oppositesplementary antonymsD. stylistic antonyms30. X: John's car needs repairingY: John has a car.The sense relation between the above sentences isA. X entails YB. X presupposes Y 2k6C. X is synonymous with YD. X is in consistent with Y31. When a child uses“dady" to refer to any mei, most probably his“ daddy”" means一A.[+ HUMANIB. [+HUMAN, ADULT]C.[+HUMAN,+ADULT,+MALE] D[HUMAN,+ADULT,+ MALE, PARENT32. When we violate any of the maxims of Co-operative Principle, our language might becomeA. ungrammaticalB. ambiguousC. indirectD.offensive33. According to Searl’s classification of speech acts, which of the following is an instance of representatives?A. I'm sorry for the mess I have made.B. Your money or your life!C. I fire you!D. I have never seen the man before34. The word “motel” is a(n) .A. blendB. coined wordC. clipped wordD.acronym35. According to Halliday field of discourse refers to the communicationA. topicB.roleC. situationD.means36. According to the innatist view of language acquisition, language develops in the child just as some functions.A.physicalB. biologicalC. mechanicalD. technical37. Different styles of the same language can be characterized through differences at the following levels EXCEPT ·.A.syntactic levelB. lexical levelC. phonological levelD. reasonable level38. In the verse"My love is a red, red rose", the word rose is meant in its-meaningA. denotativeB. connotativeC.iconicD.romantic39. Which of the following errors may have resulted from cross-linguistic interference?A. rided, rised…B. Touch the societyC. The apricot is too sour to eat it.D. Jane suggested me to give up smoking40. Neurological studies show that the lower rear portion of the left frontal lobe (also known asBroca’s area) is responsible for speech .A. articulationB. comprehensionC.processingD. understandingIll. True of false judgment.(20%)Judge whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for a true statement and F for a false one.41. According to Saussure, what linguists should do is to abstract langue from parole, i. e, to discover theregularities governing the actual use of language and make them the subjects of study of linguistics.42. In modern linguistics, a diachronic approach seems to enjoy priority over a synchronic one43. Language is creative in the sense that there is no misunderstanding of new signals by its users.44. V owels may be distinguished as front, central and back according to the position of tongue in the mouth.45. The surface structure and the deep structure of a certain sentence may be identical when there is no need toundergo any transformations.46. Wh Movement can apply to both wh questions and relative clauses47. The sentence"Green clouds are sleeping furiously" is not acceptable because it violatescertain grammatical rules.48. Of the three speech acts, linguists are most interested in the locutionary act.49.When a child acquires his mother tongue, he also acquires a language-specific culture andbecomes socialized in certain ways.50. Traditional behaviorists view language as behaviour and believe that language is a matter ofimitation and habit formation.IV. Give a short explanation to each of the following terms.(25 %)51. arbitrariness52. phoneme53. componential analysis54. pidgin55. interlanguageV. Essay question.(15%)56. Give an account of the following utterances in light of the new model of speech act theory by Austin. (Background: a little girl is lingering at a doll store with her mum)Mother--Honey, we're going to miss the train.(1)Daughter--Mummy, the doll is so cute.(2)Mother--Oh, well, let's see how much it is.(3)。

广东学位英语自考试题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The book you recommended is really ________.A. worth readingB. worth to readC. worth of readingD. worth reading it2. She ________ her keys in the office, so she had to wait until her husband sent her the spare ones.A. leftB. forgotC. lostD. missed3. ________ the heavy rain, the game had to be called off.A. Because ofB. Due toC. Owing toD. As a result of4. The company is trying to ________ its employees to work harder by offering them more incentives.A. stimulateB. motivateC. inspireD. encourage5. Despite his lack of experience, he managed to ________ a good impression on the interviewers.A. makeB. leaveC. createD. form6. It is generally believed that ________ is a key factor in academic success.A. intelligenceB. hard workC. luckD. background7. The new policy will come into ________ at the beginning of next month.A. effectB. useC. practiceD. operation8. She was so angry that she ________ the vase on the floor.A. threwB. droppedC. brokeD. smashed9. The teacher asked the students to ________ the text and then discuss it in groups.A. read throughB. skimC. scanD. glance over10. ________ the meeting, he had to leave early to catch a flight.A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended二、阅读理解题（每篇阅读材料后有5个问题，每题2分，共20分）Passage 1In recent years, the use of smartphones has become increasingly widespread. People of all ages are now using these devices for various purposes, from communication to entertainment. However, the rapid growth in smartphone usage has raised concerns about its impact on society.Questions:11. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of smartphonesB. The widespread use of smartphonesC. The benefits of smartphonesD. The concerns about smartphone usage12. What does the passage imply about smartphone usage?A. It is limited to certain age groupsB. It is becoming more commonC. It is only for entertainmentD. It is decreasing in recent years13. What is one concern mentioned in the passage?A. The cost of smartphonesB. The impact on societyC. The limited functionality of smartphonesD. The lack of variety in smartphone models14. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To promote smartphone usageB. To discuss the history of smartphonesC. To raise awareness about the impact of smartphonesD. To compare different smartphone brands15. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The author is against the use of smartphonesB. The author believes smartphones have no benefitsC. The author is concerned about the negative effects of smartphonesD. The author is neutral about smartphone usagePassage 2[此处省略具体文章内容]Questions:16. What is the main idea of the second passage?17. According to the passage, what is the primary reason for the change?18. What is one example given in the passage to illustrate the change?19. What is the author's opinion about the change?20. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?三、完形填空题（每题1分，共10分）[此处省略具体文章内容及空缺选项]21. A. althoughB. becauseC. ifD. unless22. A. decidedB. managedC. triedD. failed23. A. excitedB. nervousC. confidentD. anxious24. A. preparedB. surprisedC. disappointedD. confused25. A. immediatelyB. finallyC. suddenlyD. eventually26. A. listenedB. spokeC. whisperedD. shouted27. A. ideaB. planC. suggestionD. proposal28. A. successfulB. challengingC. difficultD. easy29. A. disappointedB. satisfiedC. proudD. embarrassed30. A. surprisedB. confusedC. relievedD. worried四、翻译题（英译汉，每题5分，共10分）31. The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives.32. It is essential to maintain a balance between work and leisure to ensure overall。

2022-2023学年广东省珠海市统招专升本英语自考真题(含答案带解析) 学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、单选题(20题)1.Without your help, we so much（）A.won't achieveB.didn't achieveC.don't achieveD.wouldn't have achieved2.We are sometimesof selfishness in our lives（）A.miserableB.greedyC.guiltyD.sorry3.Only in my thirties a purpose in life（）A.did I findB.I did findC.I foundD.found I4.He handled the business of the company in with his elder brother in hard times（）A.operationB.applicationC.collaborationD.celebration5.I think we should stop arguing and work together, if we want to get ______ near a solution to the problem（）A.anywhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.somewhere6.Williams'proposal, _________ at a board meeting last week, was to set upa committee to review the marketing plan（）A.discussB.discussingC.discussedD.to be discussed7.We have several subjects, I think English is the easiest to study（）A.of whichB.whichC.of thoseD.that8.You will be able to catch the first bus to the town if youat 6 o’clock（）A.get upB.will get upC.are getting upD.got up9.Some expensive drugs can be economical（）A.at long lastB.in the long wayC.in the long runD.at long length10.Piano is a popular______（）A.machineB.instrumentC.equipmentD.tool11.Does the method he put forward the problem make any sense（）A.settleB.settlingC.to settleD.settled12.Mr. Morgan can be very sad（）though in public he is extremely cheerfulA.by himselfB.in personC.in privateD.as himself13.Beyond the river（）A.an old fisherman liveB.lives an old fishermanC.living an old fishermanD.an old fisherman living14.She never laughed, ____ lose her temper（）A.or she ever didB.nor did she everC.or did she everD.nor she ever did15.Could you please _____ why you can’t come to attend the meeting（）A.explainB.understandC.giveD.reach16.In our modern society no one can avoid _______ by advertisements（）A.to be influencedB.being influencedC.influencingD.having influenced17.John Smith, a diligent student, never refuses to（）more responsibilities that are assigned to himA.take inB.take upC.take onD.take off18.As it is getting warmer, you might as well these fur coats in that wooden box（）A.put upB.turn offC.put awayD.turn back19.Miss Poole had no friends and seldom had visitors, the girls who came over occasionally for high tea（）A.exceptB.besidesC.in addition toD.apart from20.It would have taken hours to work the answer out, so I ______ my pocket calculator（）A.turned outB.turned toC.turned downD.turned in二、选词填空题(10题)21.3.____22.Students at university can learn and make friends 1 will last a lifetime.However,the cost of studying is on the rise.This increase means that most students can get into money trouble 2 they do not know how tomanage their money. It is not just the course fees.Students must also 3 for room and board.In addition,they may spend money 4 clothes,travel,and other things. Thus,students need to budget 5 .At most universities teachers can give students suggestions on how to spend their money.The first thing they suggest is to write down your 6 ,for example,the money you will get from your family or a part-time job.Then list all of your expenses.Put your expenses into two 7 : those that change (food,books,travel),and those that will stay the same (tuition,room and board).Add together all of your expenses. When you do this,you find it is 8 to plan out your budget.This means you can save your money,rather than trying to 9 from others.As you can see,there is more to learn at university than just 10 is taught in the classroom.____23.Researchers have found that people who go to concerts,shows and museums can live longer than 1 who do not.Experts from University College London have been examining the lifestyles of over 6,700 British people 2 15 years.They 3 how often the people went out and what kinds of events they attended.They found that people over 50 years old 4 regularly went to concerts were about 30 percent 5 likely to die over the next 14 years.The researchers said the over50s could extend their life 6 engaging with the arts.In addition to living longer concertgoers could also have more fun. The UK Health Secretary Matt Hancock believes there could be a lot of 7 in the research.He said arts and culture could 8 things like mental health,aging and loneliness.He 9 announced plans for the UK’s National Health Service to use the arts to help people live a healthier life.One researcher said,“Our results highlight the importance of 10 to explore new social factors that affect our health.” 1.____三、填空题(5题)24.Following the ____ settlement of the strike, the train service is now back to normal. （success）25.These activities help to greatly ____ the ties among the club members. （strong）26.In order to keep a high level of safety, all the staff are required （wear）____ protective clothes27.It snowed ____last year but not enough for us to use our snow boards. （occasion）28.The young industrial engineer did everything in a ____ way. （leisure）四、情景对话(5题)29.3（）A.Could I make an appointment for Tuesday morning?B.Can I help you?C.May I have your name, please?D.Mr. Smith is out on business todayE.Let me check Mr. Smith’s diary30.11.____31.74.____（）32.Bob：Good morning，you must be Tom Green．I'm Bob Smith，the personnel manager．Tom：71Bob：I have your application form here．You hope to work as a teacher in the training department，is that right?Tom：72Bob：What kind of courses did you take in college?Tom：73 But I also studied education and psychology．Bob：Did you do well in your courses?Tom：I think so．If you look at my school record, you will find I got almost all As in my courses．Bob：Why do you want to apply for this job?Tom：74 Being a teacher has been my ambition since I was a child．Bob：Fine．I have no more questions．Tom：When will I know if I have the job?Bob：75Tom：OK．Thank you very much．A．I'm very interested in the job you offered.B．I majored in English.C．We will inform you in about a week.D．Nice to meet you.E．Yes, that's right71.____（）33.67.____（）五、阅读理解(5题)34.What is the most important for you to consider when somebody say I love you to you（）A.The intentionB.The placeC.The timeD.The determination35.Which of the following is true（）A.Tom arrived in Paris on timeB.The next bus left after half an hourC.After that Tom didn't like clocks any longerD.Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once36.44.____（）37.What can It in Paragraph 1 most probably be replaced by（）A.Parents'improving children's language developmentB.Reading techniques being simpleC.Parents'reading to childrenD.Children's intelligence development38.Gift giving is the same thing in China and America in that（）A.people spend a lot of time preparing a giftB.people would cash out the gift immediatelyC.people are eager to get a gift from a friendD.people are less willing to give gifts六、作文(1题)39.1.目前，越来越多的大学生做兼职。

广东省自考学位英语考试真题The Guangdong Province self-study degree English exam is a significant hurdle for many students seeking to further their education or career prospects. 自考学位英语考试对于许多学生来说是一个巨大的挑战，因为它直接关系到他们未来教育和职业发展的前景。

The exam covers a wide range of topics, including reading comprehension, writing, listening, and speaking, making it a comprehensive assessment of English language proficiency.这项考试涵盖了阅读理解、写作、听力和口语等广泛的主题，因此它全面评估了学生的英语语言能力。

Students must demonstrate a high level of fluency and accuracy in order to pass, and the pressure to succeed can be overwhelming.学生必须表现出高水平的流利度和准确性才能通过考试，而成功的压力可能是巨大的。

For many, the exam represents an opportunity to prove their English proficiency and improve their prospects for the future.对许多人来说，这项考试代表了一个证明他们英语能力，提高未来前景的机会。

However, the challenges and demands of the exam can also bring about stress, anxiety, and fear of failure.然而，考试的挑战和要求也会带来压力、焦虑和害怕失败的心理。

2023年广东省中山市统招专升本英语自考真题(含答案带解析)学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、单选题(20题)1._____ how to solve the mathematics problem, Stephanie asked her teacher for help（）A.Not knownB.Not knowingC.Not to knowD.Not know2.Such a skilled tennis player knows how to take_____of his opponent’s （对手）chief weakness（）eB.advantageC.utilityD.chance3.Charles Dickens, a famous 19th-century writer, wrote many popular novels, Oliver Twist is a very good example（）A.of whichB.about thatC.in whichD.of whom4.which club to attend, Jane asked her friends for advice（）A.Not knowingB.Not knowC.Not knownD.Not to know5.He's decided to get a look at the house and see if it might be worth（）A.buyingB.to buyC.buyD.being bought6.The manager often requires us never to _____ till tomorrow what we can do today（）e upB.put offC.turn onD.give out7.This project is said（）right now and so far everything is going on quite smoothlyA.to have carried outB.having been carried outC.to have been carried outD.to being carried out8.I haven't seen her for years, but I can still her voice on the phone（）A.realizeB.listenC.knowD.recognize9.She soon（）the actor who had starred in the popular movie SpeedA.specifiedB.realizedC.justifiedD.identified10.The American couple have（）a two-year-old child, who lost his parents in an earthquakeA.adjustedB.affordedC.approvedD.adopted11.The samples _____ in quality but were generally acceptable（）A.variedB.changedC.disagreedD.exchanged12.She grabbed the soap and washed_______（）A.thoroughlyB.thoroughC.althoughD.though13.The cost of the products（）to 56,000 dollarsA.reachesB.numbersC.amountsD.counts14.Jessica ought to stop studying; she has a headache because she_____ too long（）A.readsB.is readingC.has been readingD.had read15.I _____ him last night, but I was too busy（）A.should telephoneB.should have telephonedC.had to telephoneD.ought to telephone16.The money will be used to keep a space vehicle on the moon busy（）backto the earth photographs and other information about the surface of the moonA.to sendB.being sentC.to be sentD.sending17.（）student with a little common sense should be able to answer the questionA.EachB.AnyC.EitherD.One18.The patient’s progress was very encouraging as he could_____get out of bed without help（）A.nearlyB.onlyC.merelyD.barely19.The young man still denies _____ the fire behind the store（）A.to startB.to startingC.having startedD.having been started20.The pianist didn't until the last minute before the concert（）A.turn upB.turn outC.turn offD.turn on二、选词填空题(10题)21.3.____22.Students at university can learn and make friends 1 will last a lifetime.However,the cost of studying is on the rise.This increase means that most students can get into money trouble 2 they do not know how to manage their money. It is not just the course fees.Students must also 3 for room and board.In addition,they may spend money 4 clothes,travel,and other things. Thus,students need to budget 5 .At most universities teachers can give students suggestions on how to spend their money.The first thing they suggest is to write down your 6 ,for example,the money you will getfrom your family or a part-time job.Then list all of your expenses.Put your expenses into two 7 : those that change (food,books,travel),and those that will stay the same (tuition,room and board).Add together all of your expenses. When you do this,you find it is 8 to plan out your budget.This means you can save your money,rather than trying to 9 from others.As you can see,there is more to learn at university than just 10 is taught in the classroom.____23.Researchers have found that people who go to concerts,shows and museums can live longer than 1 who do not.Experts from University College London have been examining the lifestyles of over 6,700 British people 2 15 years.They 3 how often the people went out and what kinds of events they attended.They found that people over 50 years old 4 regularly went to concerts were about 30 percent 5 likely to die over the next 14 years.The researchers said the over50s could extend their life 6 engaging with the arts.In addition to living longer concertgoers could also have more fun. The UK Health Secretary Matt Hancock believes there could be a lot of 7 in the research.He said arts and culture could 8 things like mental health,aging and loneliness.He 9 announced plans for the UK’s National Health Service to use the arts to help people live a healthier life.One researcher said,“Our results highlight the importance of 10 to explore new social factors that affect our health.” 1.____三、填空题(5题)24.Many television viewers take him as their （favor）____ actor25.If your neighbors are too noisy then you have cause for____. （complain）26.The whole world looks upon the rapid （economy）____ developmentof our country as a great wonder27.It is announced that the lunch time will （shorten）____ from one hour to 45 minutes28.When college students are caught ____ in exam, they can be kicked out of school. （cheat）四、情景对话(5题)29.4（）A.Could I make an appointment for Tuesday morning?B.Can I help you?C.May I have your name, please?D.Mr. Smith is out on business todayE.Let me check Mr. Smith’s diary30.68.____（）31.5（）A.Sounds greatB.What’s wrong?C.Is it helpful to me?D.I don’t know how to deal with itE.But what if my parents don’t let me do it32.75.____（）33.73.____（）五、阅读理解(5题)34.In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to ______（）A.draw a color-coded mapB.locate the problem areaC.attract insects and treat diseaseD.estimate the damage to the crops35.What does this article urge you to remember about driving after drinking （）A.You may be taken to court by the policeB.You may put yourself in dangerC.You may find your driving ability affectedD.You may put many other people at risk36.People who love trees may _____（）A.never cause trees injuryB.damage trees on purposeC.do harm to trees without knowing itD.not be aware of which trees are healthy37.Who are Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones mentioned in the first paragraph（）A.Shop assistantsB.Friends of the shop manager’sC.Two regular customers of the storeD.Two regular customers of the supermarket38.A man who has a phobia _____（）A.is called an anxiety attackB.has blood rush to his legsC.has the feeling of flightD.fears some particular things or situation六、作文(1题)39.1.目前，越来越多的大学生做兼职。

广东省英语学习教育英语语言学真题三.docx2017 年 10 月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.1.The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic r_______.2.I________ motivation refers to learners learning the second language for enjoyment or pleasure fromlearning.3.The phonetic transcription, n______ transcription ,is normally used by phoneticians to giveminute and detailed descriptions of speech sounds.4. The way that new words are coined from already existing words by“ subtracting”an affix t to be part of the old word is called b_______.5.The meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic f_______.6.In addition to social changes, one of the most pervasive sources of language change seems to be thecontinual process of cultural t________ across generations.7.P______ is the study of sounds used in linguistic communication.8.When the vocal cords are drawn wide apart to let air go through without vibration, the sounds thusproduced are v_________.9.The social group that is singled out for any special study is named as the s_______ community.10.According to N. Chomsky, c________ refers to the ideal user ’ sknowledge of the rules of hislanguage .11.P_____ refers to the realization of langue in actual use.12.The notion of c_______ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.13.Damage to parts of the left cortex behind the central sulcus results in a type of aphasia calledf_____ aphasia.14.The c__________ view of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning fromor reduce meaning to observable contexts.15.Lexical d________ task is a kind of experiment psycholinguistics employ to investigate lexical access.16. A theory which explicitly employs the notion “ concept” isthe semantic t________ proposed byOgden and Richards in their book The Meaning of Meaning.17. Clear [ l ] and dark[ l ] are allophones of the same one phoneme /l/. They never take the sameposition in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c_________ distribution.18.Since there are often intermediate forms between the two members of an antonymous pair, sothey are called g________ antonyms.19.S_______ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.20.A t_______ experiment is a technique that is used to study the determinants of sentence processingdifficulty.II. Multiple choice(15%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This meansthat phonemes,_______, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed , added , lost or altered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utterance22. The consonant [ f ] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features :A. voiceless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced , bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricative23.The study of language as a whole is often called ______.A. universal linguisticsB. common linguisticsC. prescriptive linguisticsD. general linguistics24.In the phrase structure rule“ S→ NP VP，”the arrow can be read as _______.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates25.The illocutionary point of _____is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.A. representatives/doc/825757621.html,missivesC. expressives D declarations26.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by _____ in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M.A.F. Halliday27._____ motivation occurs when the learner desires to learna second language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.A. InstrumentalB. FunctionalC. IntegrativeD. Social28.While different words may have the same or similar meaning , the same word may have more thanone meaning. This kind of words are called _________.A. polysemic wordsB. homographsC. homonymsD. synonyms29.The term _____ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language changes over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparative30.Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher ____ in the late 50’ ofs the 20th century.A. M.A.F. HallidayB. L. Bloomfield C . J. Searle D. J. Austin31.If the linguistic study aims to lay down rules for correct and standard behavior in using language ,itis said to be _______.A. descriptiveB. prescriptiveC. synchronicD. diachronic32.In the case of spit, the consonant [ p ] is said to be _____.A. aspiratedB. voicedC. unaspiratedD. unprounceable33.What the element “-es ”indicates is third person singular ,present tense ,the element “-ed ”past tense, and “-ing” progressive aspect .Since they are the smallest units of language and meaningful,they are also _______.A. phonemesB. phonesC. allophonesD. morphemes34.Synoymous are classified into several kinds .This kind to which‘ lass ‘’ girlbelong’is andcalled ___ synonyms.A. stylisticB. dialectalC. emotiveD. collocational35.In a speech community People have something in common _____: a language or a particular varietyof language and rules for using it..A.sociallyB. linguisticallyC. culturallyD. pragmaticallyIII. True of false judgement(20%)36. The interactionist view holds that language develops asa result of the complex interplay betweenthe human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops .37. A creole is said to be formed when a pidgin has become the primary language of a speechcommunity ,and is acquired by the children of that speech community as their native language .38.Garden path sentence is an awkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them downthe garden path to a wrong direction .39. A phoneme is the smallest linguistic unit of sound that can distinguish two words .40.Register refers to the type of utterance which is selected as appropriate to the type oftypology .41.Phonology studies the functioning of the speech sounds.42.Predication analysis was proposed by the British linguist J. Searle to analyze the meaning of utterance .43. Specifiers have both special semantic and syntactic roles since they help make more precise the meaning of the head and mark a phrase boundary.44.Different language offer people different ways of expressing the world around, they think and speak differently, this is also known as linguistic relativity.45.Metacognitive strategies deal with the wayside learners interact or communicate with other speakers, native or non-native .IV. Explain the following notions briefly (25%)46.derivational morpheme47.IPA( International Phonetic Alphabet)48.cultural transmission49.Deep Structure vs. Surface Structure50.The naming theoryV. Essay question (20%)51.According to Austin ,what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making an utterance ? Give an example.1.repertoire2. Intrinsic3. narrow4. back-formation5.features6. transmission7.Phonology8.voiceless/doc/825757621.html,petence11.Parole12.context13.fluent14. contextualist15.dicision16. triangle17. complementary18. gradable19. Sense20.timed-reading21. C 22. B 23.D24. B 25.C26.C27.C 28. A 29.B30.D31.B 32.C33.D34.B35.B36.T 37.T38.F39.T 40.F 41.T42.F43. T44.T 45. F。

广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#prim2012年10月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）(20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.1. Three branches of phonetics are articulatory phonetics, a_______phonetics, and acoustic phonetics.2. The word around which a phrase is formed is termed head , and the words on the right side of the heads are c____________.3. H__________refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form, ., different words are identical in sound or spelling ,or in both.4. S__________ refers to the linguistic variety characteristic ofa particular social class.5. There are two types of a__________ dyslexia: phonological dyslexia and surface dyslexia.6. Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around , they think and speak differently , this is known as linguistic r_______.7. The most basic and the smallest meaningful element of meaning is traditionally called m___________.8. The i__________ view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the human characteristics of the child and the environment in which he develops.9. C___________ det ermines the speaker’s use of language and also the hearer’s interpretation of what is said to him10. If the linguistic study aims lay down rules for “correct and standard” behavior in using language, . to tell people what they should say and what they should not say, it is said to be p___________.11. Vibration of the vocal cordsresults in a quality of speech sounds called “v___________”.12. R__________ means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world.13. A__________ refers to a number of acquired language disorder due to the cerebral lesions caused by vascular problems, a tumor, an accident and so on.14. Minor Lexical Categories refer to D_________, Degree word, Qualifier , Auxiliary and Conjunction.15. Linguistics is a scientific study because it is based on the s_____________ investigation of linguistic data.16. Grammatical of functional words are referred to as being c_____class words .17. A p___________ is a special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people who speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading.18. A________ are words derived from the initials of several words, such as WTO.19. I________ motivation refers to the drive that people learn a foreign language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.uses the term p________ to refer to the actual realization of the knowledge in linguistic communication.II. Multiple choice(20%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Different from contrastive analysis, _______gave less consideration to learners’ native language.A . negative transferB. mistake analysis?C. positive analysisD. error analysis22. The social group that is singled out for any special study is called the __________.A. public society?B. common group?C. speech community?D. speech group23. English consonants can be classified in two ways: one is in terms of _____ of articulation and the other is in terms of place of articulation.A. force?B. position?C. manner?D. pattern24. ___________ analysis is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning.A. Componential?B. Contrastive?C. Comparative?D. Inflection25. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.A. morphemes B. elements?C. segments?D. constituents26. ____________ motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to communicate with native speakers of the target language.A. Positive?B. Integrative?C. InstrumentalD. Intrinsic27. The words on the left side of the heads are said to function as _______.A. modifiers?B. qualifiers?D. determinersfollowing sounds belong to the same natural class EXCEPT____. A.[t] B.[s] C.[p] D.[k]29. The sentence that has a NP and a PP can be shown in a ______ formula “S→NP PP”.A. hierarchicalB. tree diagramC. vertical?D. linear30. If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, it is said to be______.A. prescriptive?B. descriptive?C. synchronicD. diachronicrelationship between “ flower “and “ rose” is _______.B. hyponymy?C. polysemy?D. synonymypair of words “ east ”and “ west “ is ________.A. gradable antonyms? oppositeD. relational oppositesof the following hypothesis is put forward by Eric LennebergA. Critical Period Hypothesis?B. Input Hypothesis?C. Sapir-Whorf HypothesisD. Language Acquisition Device Hypothesis34. X: John has taken part in the London Olympic Games. Y: John is a sportsman.The sense relation between the above sentences is _____.A. X entails Y?B. X is inconsistent with YC. X presupposes Y?D. X is synonymous with Yword “unreasonably” consists of ____ morphemes.A. 4?B. 3?C. 5?occurs when the Cooperative Principle is violated.A. Locutionary act?B. Illocutionary actC. Conversational implicature?D. Intralingual error37. When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment that occurs in the same place in the string, the two sound combinations are said to form a __________.A. adjacency pairs?B. minimal pairsC. complementary pairs?D. similar pairs38.”Brunch” is a word formed by _____.A. clipping?B. back-formation?C. coinage?D. blendingof the underlined morphemes below is a derivational morphemeA. startedB. jumpingC. physicianD. suffixesis concerned with the processes of language comprehension and production.A. Pragmatics?B. Morphology?C. Semantics?D. Psycholinguisticsof false judgement (20%)41. The brain, weighing about 1,400grams, consists of about ten billion nerve cells called neurons.42. W hat is measured in the ing experiment is the extent to which the prime influences the subject’s?psychologicaldecision performance on the target stimulus.43. According to Austin, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously when speaking: locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act.44. Diacritics are added to the letter-symbols to bring out finer distinctions than the letters alone may possibly do.of discourse refers to the role of relationship in the situation in question.46.”Language is arbitrary” means that there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds since different sounds are used to refer to the same object in different languages.morphemes are the group of morphemes such as –en,-ate, and –ic etc. Because when they are conjoined to other morphemes (or words), a new word is derived of formed.48. Locutionary act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance; it is the act performed by saying something.cortex is separated by the longitudinal fissure into two parts: the left and right cerebral hemispheres.50. Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by N. Chomsky in 1967.the following notions briefly (25%)?and reference??a tree diagram for “The girl bought the book.”V. Essay question (15%)Write a passage of 120-150words on the following topic .56. What are suprasegmental features How do the major suprasegmental features of English function in conveying meaningIllustrate your answer with concrete examples.部分参考答案2. complements3. Homonymy4 Sociolect5. acquired6. relativity7. morpheme8. interractionist9. Context10. Prescriptive11. voicing12. Reference13. Aphasia14?.Determiner15. systematic16.closed17.pidgin18.Acronyms19. Integrative20. performance?21. D?22. C?23. C?24. A?25. A 27. C?28. B?29. D?33. A?36. C?38. D?39. C?42. F44. T45. F 46. T。

自考英语语言学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The study of language is known as:A. SociologyB. LinguisticsC. PsychologyD. Anthropology答案：B2. Which of the following is a branch of linguistics that deals with the structure of language?A. PhoneticsB. SyntaxC. SemanticsD. Pragmatics答案：B3. The smallest meaningful unit in a language is:A. PhonemeB. MorphemeC. SyllableD. Word答案：B4. The process of a language changing over time is called:A. Language acquisitionB. Language evolutionC. Language shiftD. Language decay答案：B5. In linguistics, what is the term for the study of the meaning of words in a sentence?A. SemanticsB. PhonologyC. SyntaxD. Pragmatics答案：A6. What is the name for the systematic use of variations in pitch, tone, and rhythm in spoken language?A. PhonologyB. IntonationC. AccentD. Dialect答案：B7. The study of language in relation to culture is known as:A. SociolinguisticsB. Anthropological linguisticsC. Cultural linguisticsD. Ethnolinguistics答案：A8. Which of the following is not a component of a phoneme?A. Voice onset timeB. Place of articulationC. Stress patternD. Manner of articulation答案：C9. The use of language in specific social situations is the focus of:A. PragmaticsB. SemanticsC. SyntaxD. Phonology答案：A10. What is the term for a group of words that form acomplete thought?A. ClauseB. PhraseC. SentenceD. Lexeme答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The __________ is the systematic study of language sounds.答案：Phonetics12. In linguistics, the term __________ refers to the smallest unit of meaning in a language.答案：Morpheme13. The study of language in relation to the brain and cognitive processes is known as __________.答案：Neurolinguistics14. __________ is the branch of linguistics that deals with the structure of sentences.答案：Syntax15. A language that develops among a group of people who frequently communicate is known as a __________.答案：Dialect16. The study of language change over time is known as__________.答案：Diachronic linguistics17. The __________ is the study of the way language is used by a particular community or group.答案：Sociolinguistics18. The smallest unit of sound that can distinguish meaning is called a __________.答案：Phoneme19. The study of language universals, which are features common to all human languages, is known as __________.答案：Universal grammar20. The process of a child acquiring the ability to understand and use a language is called __________.答案：Language acquisition三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between a dialect and a language.答案：A dialect is a variety of a language that is characterized by its specific phonological, grammatical, and lexical features, and is typically associated with a particular geographical region or social group. A language, on the other hand, is a complex and distinct system of communication used by a community of people, which may include multiple dialects. While dialects are mutually intelligible to some degree within a language community, languages are often not mutually intelligible and require translation.22. Describe the concept of language death.答案：Language death occurs when a language ceases to be spoken by a community and has no fluent speakers left. This can happen for various reasons, including the displacement of a community, the assimilation into a dominant culture, or the shift to a more widely used language for economic or social reasons. Language death can lead to a loss of cultural heritage and diversity, as languages are often closely tied to the identity and traditions of the communities that speak them.23. What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, and what are its implications for linguistics?答案：The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is the theory that the structure of a language determines the way its speakers perceive and conceptual。

2021-2022学年广东省广州市统招专升本英语自考真题(含答案)一、单选题(20题)1.If either of you had been able to your anger, the fight would have been avoided（）A.hold upB.hold outC.hold backD.hold onto2.The doctor said that mental（）is the major cause of his sleeping problemA.tensionB.sadnessC.angerD.relaxation3.You（）read the article if you don’t want toA.haven’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t4.to the graduation ceremony gave us a lot of encouragement（）A.The Secretary of State will comeB.The Secretary of State comingC.The Secretary of State cameD.The Secretary of State's coming5.I decide to leave the company next month, where I _____ for exactly three years（）A.workB.is workingC.will be workingD.will have worked6.Much I love him,（）I can’t forgive his actionA.thatB.likeC.ofD.as7.A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless ______ to do so with the help of a reflecting device（）A.being doneB.madeC.to be madeD.having made8.My job as a research assistant is very specialized_____, which demands a lot of academic knowledge（）A.in natureB.in heartC.in caseD.in that9.When Mr. Smith got there, he found that about____ of his friends had arrived（）A.twenty-thirdB.two-thirdC.two-thirdsD.twenty-thirds10.By the end of this term, we（）3000 English words in allA.will learnB.will have learnedC.have learnedD.had learned11.The committee is expected to_____a decision this evening（）A.reachB.arriveC.bringD.take12.At first I thought I understood what she said, but the more I thought about it, _____（）A.the more did I become confusedB.the more I became confusedC.the more confused became ID.the more confused I became13.I saw a traffic this morning（）A.eventB.conflictC.damageD.accident14.The number of employees at the factory to a minimum so as to lower production costs（）A.is cuttingB.are cuttingC.has been cutD.have been cut15.Very few people his address in the town（）A.knowB.knowsC.are knowingD.has known16.He said he’d phone you ______ he got home（）A.for a whileB.after a whileC.at momentD.the moment17.Finding it difficult to to the climate in the city, he decided to move to the north（）A.fitB.adoptC.suitD.adapt18.There are two major problems linked with atomic power plants, ________ one is related to nuclear waste（）A.of whichB.of the twoC.of themD.of he plants19.Mark needs to travel with his varied business interests（）A.frequentlyB.intensivelyC.broadlyD.widely20.He was very excited to the news ______she had won the Nobel Prize for literature（）A.whichB.whatC.howD.that二、选词填空题(10题)21.3.____22.Researchers have found that people who go to concerts,shows and museums can live longer than 1 who do not.Experts from University College London have been examining the lifestyles of over 6,700 British people 2 15 years.They 3 how often the people went out and what kinds of events they attended.They found that people over 50 years old 4 regularly went to concerts were about 30 percent 5 likely to die over the next 14 years.The researchers said the over50s could extend their life 6 engaging with the arts.In addition to living longer concertgoers could also have more fun. The UK Health Secretary Matt Hancock believes there could be a lot of 7 in the research.He said arts and culture could 8 things like mental health,aging and loneliness.He 9 announced plans for the UK’s National Health Service to use the arts to help people live a healthier life.One researcher said,“Ourresults highlight the importance of 10 to explore new social factors that affect our health.” 1.____23.Students at university can learn and make friends 1 will last a lifetime.However,the cost of studying is on the rise.This increase means that most students can get into money trouble 2 they do not know how to manage their money. It is not just the course fees.Students must also 3 for room and board.In addition,they may spend money 4 clothes,travel,and other things. Thus,students need to budget 5 .At most universities teachers can give students suggestions on how to spend their money.The first thing they suggest is to write down your 6 ,for example,the money you will get from your family or a part-time job.Then list all of your expenses.Put your expenses into two 7 : those that change (food,books,travel),and those that will stay the same (tuition,room and board).Add together all of your expenses. When you do this,you find it is 8 to plan out your budget.This means you can save your money,rather than trying to 9 from others.As you can see,there is more to learn at university than just 10 is taught in the classroom.____三、情景对话(10题)24.69.____（）25.7.____（）26.70.____（）27.4（）A.It must take a lot of practice to stay on the skateboardB.Would you like to try any extreme sports?C.I guess soD.Many people watch them on TVE.I’m sure you will be safe28.Peter: Good afternoon. My name is Peter. I’m the general manager of the personnel department. I’ll be interviewing you. Please sit down.Jon: 1My name’s Jon Smith.Peter: Well, Jon, it’s a pleasure to meet you.2Jon: I’ve been a manager at Nike for over three years. I won Manager of the Year Award two years ago, and I got promoted last August.Peter: OK. Tell me about yourself, such as your personality.Jon: 3I think before I act, and if something goes wrong in our company I always remain calm. I never shout at my employees. And I’ve never lost my temper.Peter: 4Jon: I think I’m good at solving problems. 5 I also love challenges. I work well under pressure. When my boss pushes me to finish a project early, I always get it done and never complain.Peter: Jon, you seem like a very good manager. I like your ambition. You’re very confident and motivated. Well, our interview is over1（）A.I enjoy approaching problems directlyB.Nice to meet youC.What are your strengths?D.Tell me about your work experienceE.I think I’m very level headed29.5（）A.It must take a lot of practice to stay on the skateboardB.Would you like to try any extreme sports?C.I guess soD.Many people watch them on TVE.I’m sure you will be safe30.3（）A.I enjoy approaching problems directlyB.Nice to meet youC.What are your strengths?D.Tell me about your work experienceE.I think I’m very level headed31.72.____（）32.68.____（）33.Tom: What’s keeping you from joining the enviromental movement? Jim: 11 Didn’t Mom and Dad tell you to leave me alone about this talk? Tom: 12 Mom and Dad can’t order me to do anything I don’t want to do. Jim: Or stop doing something, either, right? But really, I don’t want to be bothered with environmental movements.Tom: Why not?Jim: I don’t have the time.Tom: 13 You played computer games all day yesterday. You have time. Jim: Well, I don’t think it’s important.Tom: What? Rising pollution, growing deserts, warming temperatures, shrinking forests…they aren’t important? Hey now, all of these problems are going to lead to the end of human beings on this planet. Not just trouble. But end. Nothing. Zero.Jim: 14Tom: I’m not being boring! I’m telling you the facts about the condition of the world!Jim: OK, OK, OK…Think of it from my perspective. If the world is going to end for people, time is even more precious, right?Tom: Yeah…Jim: So I don’t want to waste my time by joining an environmental movement or talking about boring things with you.Tom: I’m going to tell Mom you said that.Jim: 15A. You’re kidding, right?B. I can’t agree with you more.C. Stop being boring!D. We are grown people.E. For better or worse.F. Mom isn’t the boss of me.G. You’re going to start bothering about that again?四、翻译(10题)34.如果你仍当小职员的话，就别指望能买房子。

2024年4月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码:005411.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

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1.方言之间的差异主要体现在A.语法方面B.语音方面C.语汇方面D.语义方面2认为不同的语言就有不同的思维方式的观点被称作A.语言相关论B.语言能力论C.语言反应论D.语言认知论3.下面各项属于传统“小学”的是A.音韵学B.音响学C.音位学D.音律学4.下面各词中借自佛经的是A.苜蓿B.罗汉C.蛮夷D.大戎5.语言本质上是一种A.个人现象B.社会现象C.物理现象D.天然现象6.掌管人的语言和抽象思维活动的是大脑的A.脑桥B.右半球C.左半球D.右半球的某些部位7.“三好”“环保”属于A.惯用语B.专有名词C.成语D.简缩词语8.下面各项中具有排他性特征的是A.隐语B.隐含C.隐喻D.影射9.“书包”这个词的能指是A.“书包”这两个字B.“书包”的意思C.“书包”的声音D.“书包”的用法10.把“You are a lucky dog”译为“你是一条幸运狗”属于A.语汇平面翻译B.句法平面翻译C.语义平面翻译D.语境平面翻译11.“犬子”是一种A.自称B.面称C.厌称D.谦称12.下面各项中属于礼貌原则的是A.质量和数量B.相关和负责C.得体和慷慨D.理解和赞同13.下面语言属于孤立语的是A.日语B.汉语C.英语D.维吾尔语14.不同行业的“行话”属于A.地域方言B.社会方言C.亲属语言D.混合语言15.汉族过年时“福”字倒贴，称“福倒(到)了”，这是一种A.反说话B.避讳话C.吉祥话D.惯用话16.下面方言属于北方方言的是A.长沙话B.武汉话C.南昌话D.上海话17.用概念、判断和推理等复杂逻辑形式进行的思维活动是A.发散思维B.表象思维C.抽象思维D.感性思维18.下面辅音中属于擦音的是A.[f]B.[t]C.[b]D.[m]19.一个民族的全体或部分成员放弃使用本民族语言转而使用另一民族语言的现象叫A.语言混合B.语言转用C.克里奥尔D.双语现象20.能听懂别人说话但基本不能看懂文字表达的意思，这样的语言障碍是A.失忆症B.失写症C.失话症D.失读症非选择题部分注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

1月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）I.Blank-filling(20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word,whose initial letter has been given.1.The3branches of phonetics are labeled articulatory phonetics,auditory phonetics,and a__________phonetics.2.When2different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings,they are said to be in a m_________pair.3.R__________motivation refers to the fact that learners learn a second language for external purposes.ter Noam Chomsky prefers this innate endowment as UG,i.e.U_____Grammar.5.In"NP→（Deg)A(pp)……",the dots in the rule indicate that other c________options are available.6.The articulatory apparatus of human being are contained in3important areas:the p______cavity，the oral cavity,and the nasal cavity.7.L________refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.8.H________refers to the sense relation between a more general,more inclusive word and a more specific word.9.The description of a language at a given point in time is a s______study.10.The study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication is called p_________.11.The structure corresponding to the final syntactic output of the sentence which results from appropriate transformations is called s______structure.12.The term d________,first used by Ferguson in 1959,refers to a sociolinguistic situation similar to bilingualism.13.Learners'independent system of the second language which is of neither the second language is known as i______.14.The sound［p］in pit is pronounced with a strong puff of air,which is said to be a________.15.C_______model states that in word comprehension words are analyzed by hearers from beginning to end.16.S______is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form and is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form.17.Major lexical categories are Noun,Verb,Adjective,and P___________.18.S_______is the sub-field of linguistics that studies the relation between linguistic and society between the uses of language and social structures.19.P________is concerned with the progress of language comprehension and production.20.Linguistics studies not any particular language,but languages in g____.II.Multiple choice(20%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21.__refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.A.SyntaxB.EtymologyC.LexicologyD.Morphology22.___aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to convey meaning in linguistic communication.A.PhoneticsB.PhonemicsC.PhonologyD.Phonotacticsnguage___refers to a natural ability for learning a second language.A.aptitudepetenceC.performanceD.attitude24.___is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional,social,gender,and age variations.A.IdiolectB.PidginC.SociolectD.Creole25.A(n)___is a word formed by combining parts of other words,e.g.smog.A.back-formationB.blendC.abbreviationD.clipping26.The traditional and the only way to study the brain in the past was through____studies.A.experimentalB.surgicalC.autopsyD.observational27.___refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form,i.e.Different words are identical in sound or spelling,or in both.A.PolysemyB.SynonymC.HomophoneD. Homonymy28.The arrow in the phrase structure rule"S→NP VP"is read as___.A.is equal toB.generatesC.hasD.consists of29.___of neighbouring sound is,for the most part,caused by articulatory or physiological progress.A.AssimilationB.FormalizationC.DerivationD. Patterning30.The drive that people learn a foreign language because of the wish to identify with the target culture is called____ motivation.A.instrumentalB.resultativeC.integrativeD.intrinsic31There are different types of affixes pr morphemes.The affix"ed"in the word"learned"is known as a(n)__.A.derivational morphemeB.free morphemeC.inflectional morphemeD.free form32.If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyzed the language people actually use,it is said to be___A.descriptiveB.prescriptiveC.synchronicD. diachronic33.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by__in1957.A.L.BloomfieldB.F.SaussureC.N.ChomskyD.M.A.K Halliday34.Of the following sound combination,only___is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.A.mibleB.bmilC.imlbD.ilbm35Which of the following English words is formed by clipping?A.smogB.UNESCOC.baby-sitD.disco36Of the following words,____belongs to the open class word.A.emaiB.butC.theD.they37The sense relation for the pair of words"doctor and patient"is __A.synonymyB.hyponymyC.antonymyD.homonymy38In learning a foreign language,instances of mother tongue interference can be found act the level of___.A.pronunciationB.vocabularyC.syntaxD.all of the above39According to F.de Saussure,____refers to the system of language.ngueB.parolepetenceD.performance40.The utterance"We're already working25hours a day,8days a week"obviously violates the maxim of___A.qualityB.quantityC.relationD.mannerIII.True of false judgement(20%)Judge whether the following statements are true or false.Write T in ye corresponding bracket for a true statement and F for a false one.41.Damage to parts of the brain in front of the central sulcus will cause fluent aphasia.42.D-structure is formed by the XP rule in accordance with the head's supercanonization properties.43.An illocution act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something.It is the consequence of the utterance.44.The LAD was described as an imaginary"black box"which is said to contain rules that are specific only to human languages.ponential analysis is a way proposed by the structure semantics to analyze lexical word meaning.46.Garden path sentence is an awkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them down the garden path to a wrong direction.47.Acronyms are words derives from the initials and ending of several words.48.Diglossia refers to the dialect having to do with separation brought about by different social conditions.49.In daily life people often see the situation in which adult speak differently when talking to little children,they use a special speech called motherese.50.Phonology is the study of how speech sounds are produced by human speech organsIV.Explain the following notions briefly(25%)51.broad transcription vs narrow transcription52.selection restriction53.speech act theory54.Critical Period Hypothesis55.Draw a tree diagram for the surface structure of"A man will find the dog"V.Write a passage of120-150words on the following topic.(15%)56.What are the major views concerning the study of meaning?部分参照答案：1.acoustic2.minimal3.Resultative4.Universal5. complement6.pharyngealngue8.Hyponymy9.synchronic10.pragmatics11.surface12.diaglossia13.Interlanguage14.aspirated15.Cohort16.Sense17.Preposition18.Siciolinguistics19.Psycholinguistics20. general21.D22.C23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.D29.A30.C31.C32.A33.C34.A35.D36.A37. C38.D39.A40.A41.F42.F43.F44.T45.T46.F47. F48.F49.T50.F。

2011年10月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.1. The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic r_______.2. I________ motivation refers to learners learning the second language for enjoyment or pleasure from learning.3. The phonetic transcription, n______ transcription ,is normally used by phoneticians to give minute and detailed descriptions of speech sounds.4. The way that new words are coined from already existing words by “subtracting ” an affix thought to be part of the old word is called b_______.5. The meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic f_______.6. In addition to social changes, one of the most pervasive sources of language change seems to be the continual process of cultural t________ across generations.7. P______ is the study of sounds used in linguistic communication.8. When the vocal cords are drawn wide apart to let air go through without vibration, the sounds thus produced are v_________.9. The social group that is singled out for any special study is named as the s_______ community.10. According to N. Chomsky, c________ refers to the ideal user ’s knowledge of the rules of his language .11. P_____ refers to the realization of langue in actual use.12. The notion of c_______ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.13. Damage to parts of the left cortex behind the central sulcus results in a type of aphasia called f_____ aphasia.14. The c__________ view of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or reduce meaning to observable contexts.15. Lexical d________ task is a kind of experiment psycholinguistics employ to investigate lexical access.16. A theory which explicitly employs the notion “concept ”is the semantic t________ proposed by Ogden and Richards in their book The Meaning of Meaning.17. Clear [ l ] and dark [ l ] are allophones of the same one phoneme /l/. They never take the same position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c_________ distribution.18. Since there are often intermediate forms between the two members of an antonymous pair, so they are called g________ antonyms.19. S_______ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.20. A t_______ experiment is a technique that is used to study the determinants of sentence processing difficulty.II. Multiple choice(15%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes,_______, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed , added , lost or altered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utterance22. The consonant [ f ] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features :A. voiceless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced , bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricative23.The study of language as a whole is often called ______.A. universal linguisticsB. common linguisticsC. prescriptive linguisticsD. general linguistics24.In the phrase structure rule “S→NP VP”，the arrow can be read as _______.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates25.The illocutionary point of _____is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.A. representativesB. commissivesC. expressives D declarations26.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by _____ in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M.A.F. Halliday27._____ motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.A. InstrumentalB. FunctionalC. IntegrativeD. Social28.While different words may have the same or similar meaning , the same word may have more than one meaning. This kind of words are called _________.A. polysemic wordsB. homographsC. homonymsD. synonyms29.The term _____ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language changes over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparative30.Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher ____ in the late 50’s of the 20th century.A. M.A.F. HallidayB. L. Bloomfield C . J. Searle D. J. Austin31.If the linguistic study aims to lay down rules for correct and standard behavior in using language ,it is said to be _______.A. descriptiveB. prescriptiveC. synchronicD. diachronic32.In the case of spit, the consonant [ p ] is said to be _____.A. aspiratedB. voicedC. unaspiratedD. unprounceable33.What the element “-es ” indicates is third person singular ,present tense ,the element “-ed ” past tense, and“-ing ”progressive aspect .Since they are the smallest units of language and meaningful ,they are also _______.A. phonemesB. phonesC. allophonesD. morphemes34.Synoymous are classified into several kinds .This kind to which ‘girl ’ and‘lass ’ belong is called ___ synonyms.A. stylisticB. dialectalC. emotiveD. collocational35.In a speech community People have something in common _____:a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it..A.sociallyB. linguisticallyC. culturallyD. pragmaticallyIII. True of false judgement (20%)36. The interactionist view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops .37. A creole is said to be formed when a pidgin has become the primary language of a speech community ,and is acquired by the children of that speech community as their native language .38. Garden path sentence is an awkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them down the garden path to a wrong direction .39. A phoneme is the smallest linguistic unit of sound that can distinguish two words .40. Register refers to the type of utterance which is selected as appropriate to the type oftypology .41. Phonology studies the functioning of the speech sounds.42. Predication analysis was proposed by the British linguist J. Searle to analyze the meaning of utterance .43. Specifiers have both special semantic and syntactic roles since they help make more precise the meaning of the head and mark a phrase boundary.44. Different language offer people different ways of expressing the world around, they think and speak differently, this is also known as linguistic relativity.45. Metacognitive strategies deal with the wayside learners interact or communicate with other speakers, native or non-native .IV. Explain the following notions briefly (25%)46. derivational morpheme47. IPA( International Phonetic Alphabet)48. cultural transmission49. Deep Structure vs. Surface Structure50. The naming theoryV. Essay question (20%)51. According to Austin ,what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making an utterance ? Give an example.部分参考答案（非官方答案，但大部分正确）：1.repertoire2.Intrinsic3.narrow4.back-formation5.features6.transmission7.Phonology8.voiceless9.speech petence 11.Parole 12.context 13. fluent 14.contextualist 15.dicision 16.triangle plementary 18.gradable 19.Sense20.timed-reading21. C 22. B 23.D 24. B 25.C 26.C 27.C 28. A 29.B 30.C 31.B 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.B36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42. F 43. T 44.T 45. F。

绝密★启用前2015年1月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷（课程代码06422）考生注意：1.答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效；2.考试时间150分钟。

I Blank-filling(20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word whose initial letter has been given. Write the words on the Answer Sheet ' h1. Language is a system of arbitrary v symbols used for human communication.2.Modern linguistics is mostly descriptive while traditional grammar is p .3. According to Saussure, the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community is known as l .4.Speech sounds may be studied from three distinct but related points of view, giving rise to three branches of phonetic studies, namely, a phonetics, auditory phonetics and acoustic phonetics5.P is an abstract unit of distinctive value which is represented or realized by a certain phone in a certain phonetic context.6. M he study of the internal structure of words and the rules that govern the rule ofword-formation.7.D morphemes may change hot]only the grammatical class of words, but their meaningsas well.8. Phrases that are formed of more than one word usually contain three elements: head, sand complement9. The structure formed by the XP rule in accordance with the head's s properties is known as deep structure.10.H refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form,i. e, different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.11.P analysis involves the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence which consists ofargument(s) and predicate.12. In daily communication, people do not always observe the four maxims of the co-operativeprinciple. Conversational i would arise when the maxims are flouted.13. The way of word formation by which new words may be formed by combining parts of otherwords is known as b .14 The word holiday, which originally meant holy day, has undergone a process of w of meaning because it signifies any rest day in modern English15.I is a personal dialect characterized by individual style that combines elementsregarding regional, social, gender, and age variations16. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of s a register.17. P is a special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by peoplewho speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading.18. The weak version of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis holds that the language patterns i people's thinking and behavior.19.Interlanguage refers to learners' i system of the second language, which is of neither thenative language nor the second language, but a continuum or approximation from his nativelanguage to the target language20. M can be defined as the learner,s attitudes and affective state or learning drive, having a strong impact on his efforts in learning a second languageI. Multiple choice(20 %)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Who among the following linguists looks at language from a psychological point of view andconsiders language to be a property of mind of each individual?A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. Leonard BloomfieldD. M. A. K. Halliday22. Vibration of the vocal cords results in a sound quality calledA.explosionB. nasalizationC. frictionD.voicing23. Which of the following words begins with a palatal, voiceless fricative?A.genreB. chopC. shopD. thought24. Which of the following words does (not/contain a central vowel?A. nurseB. insteadC. stubbornD. whisper25. Which of the following is a minimal pair?A. peak, pig XB.kilt, pillC. style, fileD. meat. seat26. Which of the following is a closed class word?A. BoroughB. thoroughC.thoughtD. although27. Which of the following words has the Fewest morphemes?A. unhappyB.MississippiC. foreverD. establishment28. The underlined morphemes in the following belong to the (derivational morphemes EXCEPTA. nationalB. nationalizedC. nationalD. international29. All transformational rules perform the following operations EXCEPT .A. moving Infl to CB. moving a wh-element to the specifier position under CPC. inserting an auxiliary such as doD. changing an element in the phrase marker30.The pair of words "above and below" is calledA.gradable antonymsB. relational oppositesC. complementary antonymsD. stylistic antonyms31. X: They are going to have another babyY: They have a child nowThe sense relation between the above sentences isA. X entails YB. X presupposes YC. X is synonymous with YD. x is inconsistent with Y32. According to Austins new model, a speaker might be performing the following three acts EXCEPT ,when he speaksA. locutionary actB. illocutionary actC.perlocutionary actD. thoughtless act33. According to Searl's classification of speech acts, "Never promise anything when you are not sure of it I' is an instance ofA. CommissivesB. directivesC. ExpressivesD. representatives34.Which of the following words is an example of coinage?A. walkmanB. smog blendC. UNESCOD. memo35. refers to the process whereby a word is shortened without a change in the meaning and in the part of speechA. BlendingB. Back-formationC. ClippingD. Conversion36. Which of the following is a(native English word?A. teaB. vodkaC. coup d'etatD. day37. When a comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language and childrenlearn it as their first language, it becomesA. Creole; pidginB. pidgin; CreoleC. regional dialect: sociolectD. sociolect; regional dialect38. Which of the following theories of language acquisition claims that the modified languagewhich is suitable for the childs capability is crucial in his language acquisition?A. The behaviorist view of language acquisitionB. The innatist view of language acquisitionC. The interactionist view of language acquisitionD. The cognitive theory of language acquisition39. Which of the following is NOT an example of overgeneralization?A. The girl is dressed in a blue ski jacket. "→The girl is worm in a blue ski jacket.B. waited, walked,…→ drived,r ised,…C. Jane advised me to give up smoking. →Jane suggested me to give up smokingD. tables, desks,…→ apples, masks,40.Strategies involved in analyzing, synthesis and internalizing what has been learned belong to strategies.A. CognitiveB. metacognitiveC.socialmunicativeII. True or false judgment(20 %)Judge whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for a true statement and F for a false one.41.Broca's area is responsible for the articulation of speech. Thus, damage to parts of the brain in front of the central sulcus will cause non-fluent aphasia.42. Saussure took a sociological view of language and thought language as a matter of social conventions.43. According to the Critical Period Hypothesis, LAD, like other biological functions, works successfully only when it is stimulated at the right time.44. Phonemes are the minimal elements of language systems.45. English is a typical tone language which has three frequently-used tones.46 Inflectional affixes mark grammatical relations and cause a change in grammatical class ofword to which they are attached.47. Sense deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic worldof experience.48. Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around.49. We know. the verb“give” requires double objects, such information about a word'scomplement Is known as its subcategorization.50.The meaning of a sentence can always be directly worked out by adding up all the meanings of its constituent words.IV Give a short answer to each of the following terms.(25 %)51. duality52.suprasegmental features53. category54. sociolect55. learning strategiesV. Essay question(15%)56. Analyze the conversational implicature arising in the following conversation in light ofCooperative Principle by Paul Grice.Aunt:—How did Jimmy do his history exam?Mother:—Oh, not at all well. Teachers asked him things that happened long before thepoor boy was born.。

2022年8月广东省地区自考英语（一）试题及答案第1题【单选题】【2005.4】The satellite also demonstrated how it could provide help to people living in isolated areas where ________is difficult.A、transportationB、instructionC、applicationD、compensation【正确答案】A【答案解析】此句的主体句为The satellite demonstrated how it could provide help to people.其后包含了两个从句。

一是定语从句people (who) living in isolated areas, 省略了who；二是where引导的地点状语从句。

Instruction“指示”；application“请求，应用”； compensation“补偿，赔偿”。

句意为：卫星也演示了它如何为那些生活在运输不方便的隔离区的人们提供服务。

第2题【单选题】【填句补文】When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, "Contact: The first four minutes," he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: ________. A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that.A、That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people.B、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.C、It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions.D、He is eager to make friends with everyone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】空格前后句中出现了代词的呼应……this advice……that，结合空格后句意（如果他们那样做的话，很多人的整个生活都会发生改变）判断that 指代的内容是前句中提到的“这条建议”，所以判断空格处出现表意为“建议”的句子可能性最大，结合被选项的内容和用词判断B是答案。