不规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化规则表

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不规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化规则表1:

1、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。

cost—cost—cost

cut—cut—cut

hit—hit—hit

hurt—hurt—hurt

let—let—let

put—put—put

read—read—read

2、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。

1) 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。

bring—brought—brought

buy—bought—bought

think—thought—thought

fight-fought-fought

2) 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。

build—built—built

lend—lent— lent

send—sent—sent

spend—spent— spent

3) 过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。

catch—caught—caught

teach—taught—taught

4) 把-eep变为-ept。

keep—kept—kept

sleep—slept—slept

sweep— swept—swept

5) 把-ell变为-old。

tell—told—told

sell—sold—sold

6) 过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。

smell—smelt—smelt

spell—spelt—spelt

feel—felt—felt

7) 过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。

learn—learnt—learnt

mean—meant—meant

8) 过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id。 say—said—said

pay—paid—paid

lay—laid—laid

hear—heard—heard

9) 改变元音字母。

meet—met—met

get—got—got

sit—sat—sat

find—found—found

hold—held—held

shine—shone—shone

win—won—won

hang—hung—hung

lose—lost—lost

10) 改变辅音字母。

make—made—made

11) 改变元、辅音字母。

leave—left—left

stand—stood—stood

have(has)—had—had

understand—understood—understood

3、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。

1)原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。

be—was—been

do—did—done

fly—flew—flown

go—went—gone

lie—lay—lain

show—showed—shown

wear—wore—worn

2)词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。

blow—blew—blown

draw—drew—drawn

grow— grew—grown

know—knew—known

throw—threw—thrown(show除外)

3)词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(give,hide除外)

drive—drove—driven

write—wrote—written

ride—rode—ridden

rise—rose—risen

arise—arose—arisen

4)过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。

break—broke—broken

choose—chose—chosen

freeze—froze—frozen

speak—spoke—spoken

wake—woke—woken

5)过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。

forget—forgot—forgotten

6)过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。

be—was(were)—been

eat—ate—eaten

fall—fell—fallen

give—gave—given

see—saw—seen

hide—hid—hidden(hid)

7)词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。

take—took—taken

mistake—mistook—mistaken

8)i—a—u变化。

begin—began—begun

drink—drank—drunk

sing— sang—sung

ring—rang—rung

swim—swam—swum

sink— sank—sunk

4、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。

come—came—come

become—became—become

run—ran—run

5、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。

can—could may—might

will—would

shall—should

不规则动词的过去分词变化规则表2:

(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)

cost(花费) cost cost

cut(割) cut cut

hit(打) hit hit

hurt 伤害) hurt hurt

let(让) let let

put(放) put put

read (读) read read

(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)

beat(跳动) beat beaten

(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)

become(变成) became become

come(来) came come

run(跑) ran run

(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)

dig(挖) dug dug

get(得到) got got

hang(吊死) hanged hanged

hang(悬挂) hung hung

hold(抓住) held held

shine(照耀) shone shone

sit(坐) sat sat

win (赢) won won

meet(遇见) met met

keep (保持) kept kept

sleep(睡) slept slept

sweep(扫) swept swept

feel(感觉) felt felt

smell(闻) smelt smelt

leave(离开) left left

build(建设) built built lend(借出) lent lent

send (传送) sent sent

spend(花费) spent spent

lose (丢失) lost lost

burn (燃烧) burnt burnt

learn(学习) learnt learnt

mean(意思是) meant meant

catch(抓住) caught caught

teach(教) taught taught

bring(带来) brought brought

fight (战斗) fought fought

buy(买) bought bought

think(想) thought thought

hear (听见) heard heard

sell(卖) sold sold

tell(告诉) told told

say(说) said said

find(找到) found found

have/has(有) had had

make(制造) made made

stand(站) stood stood

understand明白understood understood

(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)

begin(开始) began begun

drink(喝) drank drunk

ring(铃响) rang rung

sing (唱) sang sung

swim(游泳) swam swum

blow(吹) blew blown

draw (画) drew drawn

fly(飞) flew flown

grow(生长) grew grown

know(知道) knew known

throw(投掷) threw thrown

show(出示) showed shown

break(打破) broke broken

choose(选择) chose chosen

forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) speak(说,讲) spoke spoken

wake(醒) woke woke

drive(驾驶) drove driven

eat(吃) ate eaten

fall(落下) fell fallen

give(给) gave given

rise(升高) rose risen

take(取) took taken

mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken

ride(骑) rode ridden

write(写) wrote written

do(做) did done

go(去) went gone

lie(平躺) lay lain

see(看见) saw seen

wear (穿) wore worn

be ( am, is, are )(是) was, were been