最新中考语法专题学案：No.9-简单句、并列句和复合句(无答案)
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精品文档 初中英语中考一轮语法复习---简单句、并列句和复合句 万老师
【简单句的五种基本句型 】
1.定义：
如果句子只有一个主语或者并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语动词，这样的句子称为简单句。
2.基本结构共有5种，分别是：
（1）. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] The children are playing happily.
（2）. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] The Greens enjoy living in China.
（3）. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P]
常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到),
smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。如：
（4）. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
[S+V+IO+DO]
这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如：
① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me.
② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.
（5）. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] We must keep our school clean.
【感叹句】
What +adj.+n.+主语+谓语！
How+adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语！
（2015 苏州）1.Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. ________great courage
he showed
A. What a B. What C. How a
D. How
（2015 连云港）2.- What________ programme is so attractive?
- The guard of honor of the PLA are taking part in the parade on Red Square.
-______ exciting event
A. How a B. What an C. How an D. what a
【特殊疑问句】
（2014 南京）1.---______ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Army?
---- To learn about different styles of school uniforms.
A. What B. Where C.Why
D. Which
祈使句
（2015 盐城）Daniel, _______play with the mobile phone while you are walking in the street.
A. don’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. can’t
并列句复习学案
并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间不是从属关系，而是平行并列的关系。两个简单句常用并列连词连在一起。结构是：“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常用的并列连词有如下四种：
类型 引导连词 例句
联合并列句 and I tried my best, and I caught up with him at last. 精品文档
精品文档 （和；并且） 我竭尽全力，最后终于赶上了他。
转折并列句 but
（但是） It is raining hard, but I still go to school.
雨下得很大，但是我还是去上学了。
选择并列句 or
（或者，否则） Be careful, or you will hurt yourself.
小心点，否则你会伤到自己的。
因果并列句 so
（因此，所以） He was ill, so he went to see a doctor.
他病了，所以他去看医生。
注意：and常用于肯定句中，表肯定列举；or常表示选择和否定的列举，常用于选择疑问句或否定句中。
1. Read this article, _____ you will understand that not everything can be bought with
money.(2014 苏州）
A.or B. and C. but D. so
2. Spend more time talking with your parents, _______they may not well understand you. (2014
安徽）
A. or B. so C. and D. but
连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫做并列连词。根据其意义，并列连词又分为表示并列、转折、选择和因果等四种关系的连词。
中考语法复习专题——复合句
复合句：包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句。从句须由一个关联词引导。
一、宾语从句
1. 定义：在句子做宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2.引导词的选择
引导词 引导词的作用
that 引导陈述句性的宾语从句，在口语中常被省略。
1)在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect,
hear , feel等动词后。2) 接在某些形容词或过去分词后，如sure,
glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied。
if或whether 引导表示“是否…”的宾从句。一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
wh-word （what,
who, which， 引导的特殊疑问句宾语从句。它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。 关系 连词 例句
并列关系 and / both ... and ...
/ not only ... but also ...
/ neither ... nor ... My father is a teacher and my mother is a nurse.
Neither he nor I like to see this film.
Not only I but also he will stay here tomorrow.
转折关系 but / however / while I like English, but I am not good at it.
I am short, while my brother is very tall.
选择关系 or / either ... or ... You can read this book or that one.
Either she or you are going there with me.
因果关系 so / for It was late, so I went home at once.
It is morning now, for the birds begin to sing. 精品文档
精品文档 where, when，how等)
特别提醒：☆if和whether的区别：
①whether 与or not 的连用。
E.g. I can’t say whether they can come or not on time.
②if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。
E.g. The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.
3.宾语从句的时态：
如果主句是一般现在时,从句时态根据实际情况，用相应时态；
如果主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去的某一时态,但遇到客观真理,仍然用一般现在时。
4.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述语序（即 主语+谓语）。
☆当what, which, who 在从句中作主语时语序不变。
what’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’ the trouble? What happened?
练一练：
(1)-I saw David in the teachers’ office this morning. Do you know ________he was there?
- He went there to hand in his homework. (2015 南京)
A. how
B. whether C. when
D. why
(2) – Excuse me, could you tell me __________? (2015苏州)
-- In five minutes.
A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin
C. how long the film has been on
D. how long has the film been on
(3) – In the UK, a lady usually doesn’t like to be asked__________.
A. whether has she got married
B. how old is she
C. where she comes from D. how much she weighs
5.宾语从句的否定形式
在主从复合句中，当主句的的主语为第一人称（I，we）谓语动词是 think , expect , believe ,
guess , imagine , suppose 等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。
我想她不会和你一起来。 I ____________ think she___________ come with you.
6.特殊疑问句的宾语从句与特殊疑问词+to do的转换
She didn’t decide which one she would choose. =She didn’t decide which one______ ______.
二、状语从句
定义：用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。一般由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开；位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。
时间状语从句：as /when / while当……时; after在……之后; before在……之前; since自从;till
