新视野大学英语IIUnit 6 Text A 课文句子结构分析

As His Name Is So Is He Pre-reading Activities BLead-in A C Text Study CONTENTSParagraph E D Summary Writing EN HC Lead-in Any ideas onTopic-centeredTopic-centered choosing a name forDiscussion your future baby AWhat western name What factors do westernwill you choose for people consider inyour future baby naming their childrenWhy 预习课文小结写作C E NH 预习课文小结写作BackTips Any ideas on choosing a name for your future baby must be born that are special to you as It List the namesin mind that 1 the name as your first gift well as to your baby for your baby will go with 2 Make sure its a name that gives him/her for the whole life. your baby a sense of belonging or this light Inidentity it is well worth your effort name that will making it 3 Choose a and well worth age gracefully something special. To achieve this here 4 Avoid a name that will be the butt of are some good tips: jokes… 随笔C E NH 预习课文小结写作BackTips What factors do you know western people consider in naming their children Throughout must sound pleasant and 1 First nameshistory attractive has every country 2 Second names should carry special formed naming system implications of its whole name should 3 The own. In English- be a good mirror of its cultural as well as speaking countries forfamily backgrounds 4 Names are rich with a positive sense that will work usually take growth example peoplefor the child’sinto account the following and personal beliefs leave their 5 Social valuesfactors: mark on the names… 随笔C ENH 预习课文小结写作BackTips What western name will you choose for your future baby Why The names popular in the Western Cultures include Susan Linda Diana Cindy and Carol for females and Michael Joe Harry Julian and Rory for males. Which one is your favorite Why 随笔EN HC Pre-reading Activities Background Information B Compound Dictation Watch and Discuss 导入课文小结写作C ENH Names 导入课文小结写作BackThe topic of this passage is about personalnames in English speaking countries. As thewriter states personal names often have somestereotyped associations in a particular culture.To learn more about the history of personalnames of European origin check out the websiteat/etymology.htm. Youcan also visit awebsite devoted to the etymology 词源andhistory of first names of European origin. 随笔复合听写视频讨论C ENH The Bible 导入课文小结写作Back The Bible is the holy book of the Christians consisting of the Old Testament and the New Testament. To learn about the origins and formation of the Bible check out the websites at /umw/bible and . The former also offers information concerning its interpretation and authority and tells how these are affected by our worldly views at any particular time in history. Each of these topics is also illustrated with online videos. 随笔复合听写视频讨论C ENH San Diego 导入课文小结写作Back The website http://www.san/index.shtml is the official travel resource for the San Diego region. This site showcases various offerings of the area including recreation arts and culture dining and such world-renowned theme park attractions as the San Diego Zoo. 随笔复合听写视频讨论C ENH Georgia State University 导入课文小结写作Back Georgia State University founded in 1913 is located in the heart of downtown Atlanta Georgia USA. The university has an enrollment of more than 27000 undergraduate and graduate students in six colleges. For more information about the university visit. 随笔复合听写视频讨论C ENH Temple University 导入课文小结写作BackTemple University is a comprehensive publicresearch university with more than 34000students. It has a distinguished faculty in 17schools and colleges including the university’srenowned Health Sciences Center. Theuniversity is based in PhiladelphiaPennsylvania USA and has twointernational campuses in Japanand Italy. Refer to for more informationabout Temple University. 随笔复合听写视频讨论C ENH Compound Dictation 导入课文小结写作Back Directions: You will hear a passage three times. Whenthe passage is read for thesecond time you are requiredto fill in the blanks numberedfrom S1 to S8 with the exactwords you have just heard. Forblanks numbered S9 to S11 youare required to fill in missinginformation. For these blanksyou can either use the exactwords you have just heard orwrite down the main points inyour own words. Now listen tothe passage. For Details 随笔背景知识视频讨论C ENH Compound Dictation 导入课文小结写作Back What’t the big question US presidential candidates should be asking themselves Is my name short enough glance You only have to S01 ______ at the credits on a Hollywood S02 movie to see the _____ polysyllabic ethnic diversity of surnames in the melting great S03 _______ pot of the United States. But when it comes to S04 voting for a ______ president the gene pool shrinks rapidly and preference the S05 __________ is for monikers that are blunt and Anglo-Saxon. 随笔背景知识视频讨论C ENH Compound Dictation 导入课文小结写作Back forecastingSo if you want to find a way of S06 __________who is going to win the race for the presidencylook at the lengths and S07 ______ of their names. originsThe pattern since World War II has been forcandidates with increasingly S08 _____ poster- shortfriendly names. And preferably sounding like theycould be the leaders in a mini-series. In the last the namescould n’telectoral battle in 2000 S09 _________________have got anyshorter__________________ with a two-syllable play-offbetween George Bush and AL Gore. 随笔背景知识视频讨论C ENH Compound Dictation 导入课文小结写作Back Perhaps the Republicans havealreadyS10___________________________________rumbled this short-name advantage_______________________________.In the three decades since Richard Nixon wasturned out of office Ronald Reagan S11_____has________________________________________been the only Republican candidate with a_____________________________.surname longer than one syllable Coincidence 随笔背景知识视频讨论C ENH Watch Discuss 导入课文小结写作Back Directions: Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows: 1. What attitudes do people often key hold towards names 2. What can we do with our names key Video watching 随笔背景知识复合听写NAME 视频文件放在这个绿色的框内，不要超出去。

Part I (1-3)
By citing a typical example of a woman’s experience concerning her names, the author directs the reader’s interest to the topic.
Text Analysis
Mom/Rose Dad/Bob
Aunt Alice
Uncle Sam
First name/Given name (+ Christian name) +Family name/Surname/last name
Rose Jack
Randomly
Tom
Elaborately
Roy
Mary Sue
Good Names, Bad Names
Yes
No
Why?
Let’s analyze it in details!
An example
Image
From the perspective of a hearer
Michael
Susan
杜子腾
Manner
Appearance
Name
Personality
Tastes
Qualities
Conclusion
“Names not only identify but also describe”
Names are not simply distinctive signs in social contacts.
An elegant name
success good luck wealth
However A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.

Para. 4
★ qualify [‗kwɔlifai] v合格或成为合格；取得……的资格 ⑴She wanted to improve her English so she could qualify as a translator. 她想提高自己的英语水平，以便有资格做翻 译。 ⑵Being a son of a member of government doesn‟t qualify him to talk about political affairs. 身为政府官员的儿子并不意味着他就有资格 谈论政治。
Part III (8)
Concludes the necessity of changing names
Part I (1-3)
• By citing a typical example of a woman‘s experience concerning her names, the author directs the reader‘s interest to the topic.
◆One day, while doing sth., sb. impulsively did sth. else.
一天，在做某事时，某人心血来潮做了另一 事。
1. impulsively [ɪm‘pʌlsɪvlɪ] adv.冲动地 ⑴ 一天，在苹果树下休息时，牛顿心血来潮
自问道：为什么苹果往地上掉？
Para. 2
3. descriptive [dɪ‟skrɪptɪv]
adj.描写的，描述的；分类的
Many students think that descriptive ecology is a dry subject.
许多学生认为描述性的生态学是干燥无味的课题。

新视野大学英语读写教程2unit6范文1In the New Horizon College English Reading and Writing Course 2, Unit 6, there are several crucial points that deserve our in-depth exploration! The key sentence patterns like “It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.” provide a clear and straightforward way to express an opinion or a fact. For instance, “It is important for us to learn English well.” This structure helps us convey ideas precisely and effectively.The grammar structures, such as the use of present perfect tense, add complexity and accuracy to our language. Take “I have learned a lot from this unit.” as an example. It indicates an action that started in the past and has some connection to the present.The important vocabulary in this unit expands our word bank and enriches our expression. Words like “accomplish” and “perseverance” are powerful tools to describe achievements and determination.By understanding and mastering these key elements, we can significantly enhance our English language skills and express ourselves more fluently and precisely. How amazing and useful these knowledge points are! Don't you think so? Let's keep learning and improving to reach a higher level of English proficiency!2Oh my goodness! Have you ever wondered how the knowledge we acquire from textbooks can light up our real-life experiences? Let me tell you about a remarkable journey I had. I embarked on a trip to a charming mountain village. As I reached the destination, I exclaimed, "Wow! What a breathtaking view!" The mountains stood tall and majestic, just like the words in our textbook. I used the vocabulary I learned to describe the lush forests and the clear streams. The grammar points also helped me express my excitement vividly. "How wonderful it is to be here!" I thought. I saw local farmers working diligently in the fields, and I couldn't help but wonder, "How do they manage to cultivate such fertile land?" The entire experience was not only a leisure escape but also a practical application of what I had studied. Isn't it amazing how our learning can enhance our perception of the world around us? So, let's keep exploring and applying what we learn to make our lives more colorful and meaningful!3In the context of the "New Horizon College English Reading and Writing Course 2 Unit 6", one prominent theme that emerges is the evolving nature of cultural identities in a globalized world. This topic holds immense significance and deserves a profound analysis! How do we define and redefine our cultural identities in the face of rapid cross-culturalexchanges? Take, for instance, the phenomenon of cultural fusion. We witness elements from different cultures blend seamlessly in various aspects of life - from fashion and cuisine to art and music. But does this mean we lose our roots? Absolutely not! It rather enriches our understanding and appreciation of the diverse world we live in. The unit also brings to light the challenges that come with maintaining the essence of one's native culture while embracing new influences. Isn't it a delicate balance that requires conscious effort and reflection? We must ask ourselves: How can we preserve our cultural heritage while opening our arms to the waves of globalization? This is not just a theoretical question but a practical concern that affects our daily lives and the future of our societies. The exploration of such themes in the unit urges us to think critically and act responsibly in this ever-changing cultural landscape.4Oh my goodness! Let me take you on an amazing journey through the New Horizon College English Reading and Writing Course 2 Unit 6 in a truly innovative way. Imagine if the lessons were transformed into a hilarious dialogue between two characters. Here it goes!A: "Hey, have you noticed the key points in Unit 6?"B: "Oh, you mean those complex grammar rules and vocabulary?"A: "Exactly! But don't you think it could be fun if we make it like a story?"B: "Wow, that's a brilliant idea! Like, what if we were characters in a magical world and had to use these knowledge to solve problems?"A: "Oh, that would be so cool! For instance, when facing a tricky monster, we could use the new words to describe it and the grammar to explain our strategies!"B: "Can you believe how much these lessons can expand our minds? It's like opening a door to a whole new world of language!"A: "Yes! And it's not just about learning, it's about having fun while doing it. Isn't that amazing?"Isn't it fascinating how we can make learning so enjoyable and creative? I truly believe that this kind of approach can make us master the knowledge in Unit 6 more easily and effectively. So, let's embrace this fun way and keep exploring the wonderful world of English!5The "New Horizon College English Reading and Writing Course 2 Unit 6" offers a profound exploration into the realm of language and communication. This unit presents various language phenomena that deserve in-depth analysis from an academic perspective. For instance, consider the complexity of lexical choices and their impact on the conveyance of meaning. Language学家Noam Chomsky's theory of generative grammar could shed light on this aspect! How do the rules and structures of language shape our expressions and understanding?Moreover, the unit's focus on different text types and their specific features poses interesting questions. Why do certain types of texts require a more formal language style, while others allow for greater informality? The study of pragmatics comes into play here, as it examines how context influences language use.In conclusion, this unit provides a wealth of material for scholarly examination. It prompts us to think critically about language and its multifaceted nature. Isn't it fascinating how language works and how we can master it more effectively through such studies?。

He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents. What he said was surely motivating, but it wasn’t really appreciated by many of his loyal soldiers as they watched their vessels go up in flames.
Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. To his troops’ astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned.
Dr. Ariely : behavioral economics
• 2) Minimalism means to live with less, to basically declutter your life.
• 3) Minimalism is also a term used in design when you use very few elements to convey your idea.
Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. To his troops’ astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned.

Unit 6
As His Name Is ,So is He
s become attached to specific images,as anyone who is been called…(line23) become attached to意为“与……相关联” 意为“ 相关联” 意为 相关联 同义词有： 同义词有：be linked with be related to be associated with 8.The latter name ……say,an art critic.(line24)
在这里表示“比如”的意思。 “say” 在这里表示“比如”的意思。即“for example ” Can you come to dinner? Say ,7:30 你能来吃晚饭吗？比如说7:30。 你能来吃晚饭吗？比如说 。 还可以做感叹词， “say” 还可以做感叹词，表示惊讶或吸引某 人注意. 人注意 Say,are you ok? 你还好吗? 喂，你还好吗
2.I just don’t feel like a Debbie.(line3) Debbie:the name often make people think of profession of cook. Feel like sth/doing sth.想要某事或想做什么。 想要某事或想做什么。 想要某事或想做什么 3.One day ,while filling out an application form for a publishing job……for her first name Debbie.(line5) fill out =fill in 填写
Unit 6
As His Namis ,so is he.(标题） 标题） 标题 As……so结构的使用情况 结构的使用情况

Unit 6–Section ALanguage Focus–Words in Use1.When employees participated in the problem-solving process, they were much more willingto (implement) solutions to the problems.2. A strong police force has been placed between the two (rival) groups in the village toprevent fighting and killing.3.Although personally we believe this to be of only secondary importance, its potential rolein (motivating) innovative acts cannot be ignored.4.Though many things have been changed culturally, there is a commitment and sense of responsibility that have not yet been (discarded) in today's society.5.Western nations have older and shrinking populations since they entered the 21st century and their (fluctuating) birth rates have also posed problems.6.She didn't want to marry him and was (prejudiced) against him because he had only a bachelor's degree and didn't meet her expectations for marriage.7.The president is in trouble and will have to work hard to (restore) his credibility afterpeople discovered that he was not telling the truth.8.To study a number of subjects in the humanities has been both enjoyable and (enlightening) , providing me with a new and different perspective on the world in which we live.9.People are concerned about the environment issue because air and water pollution not only affects everyone's health but also makes it difficult for businesses to (profit) .10.Instead of ignoring or envying successful students, I made it my mission to (investigate)the mysterious causes of their success and greatness.Word Building1.strategy2.sympathy3.confirm4.locate5.reflect6.provide7.install8.register9.quotation10.sympathy11.critic12.industrial1.strategic2.sympathetic3.confirmation4.location5.reflection6.provision7.installation8.registration9.quote10.sympathize11.criticize12.industrialize1.He's usually indifferent to the feelings of other people; he can neither understand nor (sympathize) with my eagerness and anxiety.2.There has been no official (confirmation) that the documents are original, although different sources from the media and the public suggest that they are.3.There's a consensus that the (strategic) defense of a country depends on a powerful airforce and marine force, in addition to advanced arms.4.Total construction time of the shop was about 30 days including the (installation) of the newly-imported machines and the assembly of the various parts.5.To illustrate my point of view, I would like to (quote) from a source that many of us findmore authoritative than the words of a businessman.6.People need to be kind. Therefore, I am not ashamed to be regarded as (sympathetic) to the anxieties of those who are treated harshly in life.7.In business, we often do things inappropriately. For example, we may (criticize) someone's work in front of their co-workers.8.The restaurant has recently moved here because its owners want to provide a convenient (location) for their customers in this area.9.Cultural awareness will help you when you learn the language. After all, language is a(n) (reflection) of the culture from which it developed.10.Students are no longer learning how to (industrialize) agricultural economy; instead, they are learning the digital economy.11.People living in this remote area for generations have harsh living conditions and poor (provision) of housing, food and medicines.12.If you do not get the detailed information required for the school's (registration) , you maylose the opportunity to take the classes you want.Banked ClozeSimplifying is not necessarily about less. It can be about more: more time, more enjoyment, more accomplishment, and more of what (1) (profits) you. If you do a lot of things that don't bring you joy or support your long-term plan, then doing less of that kind of things makes sense because you can't (2) (preserve) everything. The purpose of simplifying is to remove what's not important.To understand what should be (3) (discarded), try to think of activities and things as either assets or obligations. An asset is something that is valuable. Some (4) (corresponding) examples are stocks, bonds, buildings, land, gold, etc., but a little more broadly, an asset is anything that can strengthen and (5) (motivate) you, moving you closer to your goals. However, obligations are debts. An obligation is anything that (6) (weakens) you, moves you farther from your goals, provides negative stress, creates anxiety, and decreases your health. Then how can you (7) (implement) the idea of simplifying? Think about your daily activities and start with just one area. For example,you may begin with (8) (obligations) by making a long list of your daily activities. Your list may (9) (revolve) around such routines as paying bills and planning a birthday party for a friend, etc.Do the activities get you closer to your goals? If not, (10) (modify) the list. Remove what is unnecessary in order to concentrate more on something important in your life.Language Focus–Expressions in Use1.Though he was 80 years old, blind and hardly able to walk, his family (was attached to)him so much that they could hardly bear the thought of his death.2.The support our volunteers provide to the community as well as society cannot (be measured in) purely practical terms, and their continuing contribution is vital.3.Please don't forget the Tourist Guide, which should (come in handy) when you travel to different places in Asia and Europe for the next few weeks.4.These people living in this area are still (clinging to) their traditions which give their life meaning and help them in answering many questions.5.You will (pay a big price) for not learning English; you never know how much you willmiss without being able to speak English.6.If you (are exhausted from) travel and trying to adjust to a new time zone, you may not beready to face the new challenging environment yet.7.The general manager of the company intends to introduce new management courses, and tighter controls will be (imposed on) internal management to raise efficiency.8.Class discussions next week will (revolve around) the importance of love, communication anda close relationship between parents and their children.Translation英译汉Minimalism (极简主义) is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need. Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live with as less as possible, mentally and physically until you achieve peace of mind. Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness. Minimalists like to say that they're living more meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalist lifestyle allows them to focus on what's more important in life: friends, hobbies, travel, experiences. Of course, minimalism doesn't meanthere's anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions. Today's problem seems to be that we tend to givetoo much meaning to our things, often forsaking ( 扔掉 ) our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its application in people's daily life, minimalism also finds application in many creative disciplines, including art, architecture, design, dance, film making, theater, music, fashion, photography and literature.极简主义是指去掉剩余的，仅保存需要的部分。

1. Vocabulary: Students are asked to master the key words and phrases. 2. Sentence Structure: Teacher summaries the usage of “either…or” and “where” and Students practice iting sentences after the models.
15m 5m 25m 45m
Teaching Points:
教学要点
作业布置与 思考
1. Let the Ss know the learning objectives of this unit; 2. Help the Ss understand the text as a whole and know some background
elegant；application；substitute；reserve；convey ；refine ；stereotype； confess ；despair； label ; fill sth in/out ；if only；even so；be ill at ease 3. Understand the structure of the text A.
3. Translation
教学参考书 和网络资源
Reference Books and Resources:
1. Teacher’s Book of New Horizon College English
2. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (English-Chinese)
10m 25m 25m

without regard to Regardless of
in this/that regard
Formal used to connect what you are going to say with something you have just mentioned
e.g.Progress is slow.In this regard,lack of funds is a factor. 进展很缓慢，就这一点而言，缺 乏资金是一个因素。
conservative adj.&n.
1.Belonging to concerned with the Conservative Party in Britain
2.Not liking changes or new ideas
3.Not very modern in style,taste etc 4.Someone who supports or is a member of the Conservative Party in Britain 5.Someone who does not like changes in ideas or fashion
take a chance/take chances
To do something that involves risks
e.g.1.The rope might break but that‘s chance we’ll have to take. 绳子可能会断，但我们只能冒这 个险了。 2.After losing $20,000 on my last business venture,I‘m not taking any chances this time. 上次买卖我损失了两万美元， 这次我不会冒任何风险了。

Intensive Study
6 Though most of us would like to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions, we’re all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent. Confess: wouldn’t you be surprised to meet a carpenter named Nigel? A physicist called Bertha? A Pope Mel? Often, we project name-based stereotypes on people, as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery-school’s group of fouryear-olds. “There I was, trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book – and pushing a thoughtful creature named Rory to play ball. I had their personalities confused because of their names!”
Intensive Study
3 Naturally, the name change didn’t cause Debbie/Lynne’s professional achievement – but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents. Social scientists say that what you’re called can affect your life. Throughout history, names have not merely identified people but also described them. “… As his name is, so is he…” says the Bible, and Webster’s Dictionary includes the following definition of name: “a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing, often expressing approval or disapproval”. Note well “approval or disapproval”. For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you.

教学实习教案新视野大学英语教程Unit 6 Section AAs His Name Is, So Is He!教师：学生：一年级学生上课时间：2011年4月12日 10：15-12：002011年4月19日 10：15-12：00上课地点：教四C507教学内容：Unit 6 Section A As His Name Is, So Is He!教学目标：1.了解课文相关的背景知识和姓名文化2.掌握教学大纲中规定的单词和词组3.熟悉词语搭配和语言点4.了解课文情节和课文结构教学内容：1.lead-in讨论问题和介绍姓名文化2.详解大纲规定重点单词和词组，应用举例3.分析讲解课文框架结构4.讲解课文语言点，难点教学方法：以多媒体辅助，学生为主体的交互式教学，小组讨论和独立思考相结合。

时间分配：1.lead-in问题讨论 35 mins2.姓名文化ppt展示 15mins3.单词和词组讲解 50mins (以上为第一次上课内容)4.单词复习练习（选词填空）10mins5.课文结构分析20mins6.就每一部分分别回答问题，讲解语言点PartⅠ20minsPartⅡ20minsPartⅣ20minsPartⅢ10mins具体上课步骤和内容：Ⅰ.Lead-inA. Talk about names (discuss in groups, then answer the questions)1. What’s the meaning of the title? Do you think so?2. What are the functions of name?3. Do you think a person’s name is important? Why or why not?4. What is your name? What is the meaning of your name?5. Do you like your name? Why or why not?B. slid show about name culture.Ⅱ.Words and phrasesA.Listen to the record of words and phrases.B.Learn words and phrases.ElegantAdj. graceful and attractive in appearance or behavior一个优雅的女人an elegant woman讲究的套装 a very elegant suit高雅的餐厅an elegant dining room Application n.1. [C or U] an official request for something, usually in writing申请信 a letter of application南非已递交了主办世界杯的申请。

He doesn't fit the national stereotype of a Frenchman.
stereotyped adj. 墨守成规的，成见的 We should not have stereotyped opinion
the naughty children.
about
confess vt.承认，招供
Reserve your strength for the climb. 2. 预定，预订 If you get there early, please reserve a seat for me.
I rang the hotel to reserve a double room for a week.
[C]
储藏物
The gold reserve
I have a reserve of medicine
in case of emergency.
reserve
vt.
v.1. 保留，储备
I reserve Mondays for cleaning up my desk and answering letters.
Thoughtless adj. 不体贴人的，粗心不顾及他人的
award vt./n.
vt. 授予，给予 award sth.to sb.=award sb. sth. The president awarded the scholarship to the
乔治georgeherbertwalkerbush布莱恩特kobebeanbryantjoejellybeanbryantnicknamepreferredelizabethlisabethbetsylizedwardsedchristinachristanthonytonybenjaminbenwilliambillfunnyamerciannames亚当adam第一个降生到世界的人泰勒taylor又名裁逢培根bacon哲学家实际上烤肉贝克baker又名面包烘拷匠史密斯smith又名铁匠库克cook又名厨子彼得peter又名石头南希nancy又名保姆杰克jack又名公驴珍尼jenny又名母驴汤姆tom又名偷窥狂hisnamehe

Unit 6 Section A As His Name Is, So is He!1. Pre-reading1. 1 Background informationDebbie (f.) represents the personality characteristics of generous, understanding, honest, creative, and intense. It is a short name of Deborah originally from a Hebrew name for a woman described in the Old Testament history of the Bible.戴比(女): 源自《旧约圣经》中描绘的一位希伯来妇女Deborah, 代表着慷慨大方\善解人意\诚实\有创造性\热情等性格特点。

Lynne (f.) or Lynn (m.) represents the personality characteristics of sensitive, deeply artistic and creative, intense and nature-lover and comes from Welsh meaning “lake” or is a short form of Linda (Spanish), or Belinda(Italian), both meaning “beautiful”.林恩(女) 或林(男): 源自威尔士语“湖泊”, 代表着敏感\有艺术才能和创造性\热情和热爱大自然等性格特点; 也是西班牙语Linda, 意大利语Belinda的缩写, 意为“美丽” 。

Harry(m.) represents the personality characteristics of individual, reserved, serious, stubborn, alone, loyal, and thoughtful. It is the Medieval English form of Henry, the name of eight kings of England.哈里(男): 是英格兰八位国王Henry的中世纪英语形式, 代表着有个性\谨慎\严肃\固执\孤独\忠诚和富于思想等性格特点。

新视野三版读写B2 U6 Text ADoor closer, are you?1 The next time you're deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do?2 Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. To his troops' astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned.3 He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents. What he said was surely motivating, but it wasn't really appreciated by many of his loyal soldiers as they watched their vessels go up in flames. But the genius of General Xiang Yu's conviction would be validated both on the battlefield and in modern social science research. General Xiang Yu was a rare exception to the norm, a veteran leader who was highly respected for his many conquests and who achieved the summit of success.4 He is featured in Dan Ariely's enlightening new publication, Predictably Irrational, a fascinating investigation of seemingly irrational human behavior, such as the tendency for keeping multiple options open. Most people can't marshal the will for painful choices, not even students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where Dr. Ariely teaches behavioral economics. In an experiment that investigated decision-making, hundreds of students couldn't bear to let their options vanish, even though it was clear they would profit from doing so.5 The experiment revolved around a game that eliminated the excuses we usually have for refusing to let go. In the real world, we can always say, "It's good to preserve our options." Want a good example? A teenager is exhausted from soccer, ballet, piano, and Chinese lessons, but her parents won't stop any one of them because they might come in handy some day!6 In the experiment sessions, s tudents played a computer game that provided cash behind three doors appearing on the screen.The rule was the more money you earned, the better player you were, given a total of 100 clicks. Every time the students opened a door by clicking on it, they would useup one click but wouldn't get any money. However, each subsequent click on that door would earn a fluctuating sum of money, with one door always revealing more money than the others. The important part of the rule was each door switch, though having no cash value, would also use up one of the 100 clicks. Therefore, the winning strategy was to quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the seemingly highest rewards.7 While playing the game, students noticed a modified visual element: Any door leftun-clicked for a short while would shrink in size and vanish. Since they already understood the game, they should have ignored the vanishing doors. Nevertheless, they hurried to click on the lesser doors before they vanished, trying to keep them open. As a result, they wasted so many clicks rushing back to the vanishing doors that they lost money in the end. Why were the students so attached to the lesser doors? They would probably protest that they were clinging to the doors to keep future options open, but, according to Dr. Ariely, that isn't the true factor.8 Instead of the excuse to maintain future options open, underneath it all the students' desire was to avoid the immediate, though temporary, pain of watching options close. "Closing a door on an option is experienced as a loss, and people are willing to pay a big price to avoid the emotion of loss," Dr. Ariely says. In the experiment, the pricewas easily measured in lost cash. In life, the corresponding costs are often less obvious such as wasted time or missed opportunities.9 "Sometimes these doors are closing too slowly for us to see them vanishing," Dr. Ariely writes. "We may work more hours at our jobs without realizing that the childhood of our sons and daughters is slipping away."10 So, what can be done to restore balance in our lives? One answer, Dr. Ariely says, is to implement more prohibitions on overbooking. We can work to reduce options on our own, delegating tasks to others and even giving away ideas for others to pursue. He points to marriage as an example, "In marriage, we create a situation where we promise ourselves not to keep options open. We close doors and announce to others we've closed doors."11 Since conducting the door experiment, Dr. Ariely says he has made a conscious effort to lessen his load. He urges the rest of us to resign from committees, prune holiday card lists, rethink hobbies and remember the lessons of door closers like Xiang Yu.12 In other words, Dr. Ariely is encouraging us to discard those things that seem to have outward merit in favor of those things that actually enrich ourlives. We are naturally prejudiced to believe that more is better, but Dr. Ariely's research provides a dose of reality that strongly suggests otherwise.13 What price do we pay for trying to have more and more in life? What pleasure and satisfaction can be derived from focusing our energy and attention in a more concentrated fashion? Surely, we will have our respective answers.14 Consider these important questions: Will we have more by always increasing options or will we have more with fewer, carefully chosen options? What doors should we close in order to allow the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open?Language Points:1 The next time you’re deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the otherwhich is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do? (Para. 1)Meaning: The next time when you are to make a choice between two competing options, youhave to distinguish which is the primary one and which is the minor one. To be enlightened, youcan ask yourself what option Xiang Yu would choose.Meaning beyond words: It suggests that Xiang Yu was a wonderful decision-maker. Note: The phrase rival options means that both options seem like good choices, but one choice is somewhat better than the other. In this case, it is the one that Xiang Yu chose to implement.2 Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troopsacross the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. (Para. 2)Meaning: Xiang Yu was an ancient Chinese general in the third century BC. He led his troopsacross the Zhang River to attack the enemy in its territory.3 To his troops’ astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailingships burned. (Para. 2)Meaning beyond words: To make sure his troops would win the battle quickly, Xiang Yu orderedthe soldiers to crush their cooking pots and burn their sailing boats after he led his troops across the Zhang River to attack the enemy. This way, he closed the door for retreat ing from the enemy’s territory and sent out a clear message to his men that they only had two choices: to win the battle ordie in the battle. However, his decision was obviously against normal practice, which greatlyshocked his troops.4 He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents. (Para. 3)Meaning beyond words: By having their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned, Xianghave any hope to escape but fight Yu put his troops in such a desperate condition that they wouldn’tto survive and eventually win the battle. In other words, Xiang Yu gave his troops only one option. Usage note: rival, opponent对手”，但两者有区别。

— Lin Yutang (Chinese writer)
You have succeeded in life when all you really want is only what you really need.
— Vernon Howard (American writer)

6 UNIT
2. What is the proper way to deal with this dilemma? Is more always better than less?
Evidences show that people feel less happy and more depressed when given an overabundance of choice. The tendency to keep all our doors of choices open might have damaged our life, and we can get greater pleasure and more satisfaction by focusing our energy and attention on fewer options and things. More is not necessarily better in life. We should close some doors in order to allow for the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open.
To be continued
Listen to a short passage named “Another door” and fill in the missing information.

as a consequence of作为….的结果consequence结果，后果，影响；重要性
mention v.谈到，写到，提到e.g. He mentioned that he might be leaving.他说起过他也许要离开。
Don’t mention it. (用以礼貌地回复别人的道谢)不用客气，不用谢
2 Ask students to read the text again , then finish the exercises on P105
Step 5 Language points
1. Life in a Violin Case小提琴盒里的生活
Meaning: Leading a life as a violinist.
e.g. The employees often speak poorly of their boss after work.
10. Iwent intoit for money, andaside fromthesatisfactionof being able to help the family, money is all Igot out ofit. It was just not enough. I felt that life waspassing meby.
case n. 1)情况，事例；案件；讼案
in case以防in any case不管怎样
in case of sth一旦in that case如果是这样的话
2）盒，箱，匣；手提箱
2. In order to tell you what I believe, I must brieflybring upsomething from my personal history.

U6 ATo work or not to work - That is the question打工还是不打工——这是个问题There are numerous and reliable ways by which one can measure the impact of employment on student achievement, and we used several in our research. We compared the grades of students who work a great deal with those who work in limited amounts or not at all. We also contrasted workers with non-workers, on different indicators of their commitment to education. Additionally, we followed students over time as they increased or decreased their work hours, and we assessed how different patterns of employment altered school performance and engagement.要衡量工作经历对学生成就的影响有许多可靠的方法。

在我们的研究中，我们采用了几种方法。

我们比较了打很多工的学生和打工时间有限或者根本不打工的学生的学习成绩。

我们也对比了打工学生和不打工学生在学习投入程度方面的不同指征。

另外，我们长期跟踪学生，了解他们在打工时间增加或减少时的表现。

而且，我们还评估了不同的打工模式如何改变学习成绩和学习参与度。

We have simplified and classified the data and the results are clear: The stakes are high. A heavy commitment to a part-time job during the academic year, say, working 20 hours per week or more, undermines and significantly interferes with school achievement and commitment. Overall, our study offers proof that students who worked more than 20 hours weekly were not comparable to their classmates. They earned lower grades, spent less time on homework, cut class more often, and cheated more frequently. And they reported lower levels of commitment to school and more modest educational aspirations.我们把数据加以简化和归类，得出的结论很明确：学生打工付出的代价很大。