2019届秋季上学期高二语文8月月考试题(含解析) (455)
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Unit2 How often do you exercise?Ⅰ. 第一节词语释义(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)( )26. The students don’t often play basketball after school.A. alwaysB. usuallyC. sometimesD. never( )27. The fat woman always drinks a lot of mi lk every day.A. muchB. manyC. anyD. a little( )28. —How are you today, Julie? —I’m fine. Thank you.A. wellB. goodC. healthyD. tired( )29. What’s wrong with your throat?A. the matterB. thingC. the feelingD. trouble( )30.—Could you help me take these new books to the classroom?—OK. I’ll do now.A. at that momentB. at the momentC. in a momentD. a moment ago第二节单项填空(共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)( )31. — _____do you shop? —Once a week.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD. How soon( )32. _____homework, most students do it every day.A. WithB. ForC. AsD. As for( )33. Mary’s paren ts want her_____ milk every day.A. drinkB. drinksC. drinkingD. to drink( )34. Is her lifestyle the same_____yours?A. forB. asC. toD. from( )35. Grandpa is good in health because he_____every day.A. exercisesB. drinks milksC. play sportsD. go for a walk( )36. Although I know him, _____I hardly talk to him.A. /B. andC. butD. so( )37. If you have a stomachache, you should eat _____ 24 hours.A. something inB. nothing forC. anything forD. nothing in( )38. I always try_____a lot of vegetables.A. to eatB. to eati ngC. eatD. to be eating( )39. —What’s the matter with you? —I have _____ bad cold and have to stay in _____ bed.A. a, aB. the, aC. the, theD. a, /( )40. She was half an hour later for class this morning because there was _____ wit h her bike.A. something wrongB. wrong somethingC. anything wrongD. wrong anything( )41. —Do you often exercise, Jack?—No, _____ . I don’t like sports at all.A. oftenB. usuallyC. neverD. always( )42. Don’t _____ stressed out. It’s not good for your health.A. getB. needC. takeD. felt( )43. —Oh, my mother is badly ill. I have to stay at home and look after her. —_____.A. Don’t worryB. That’s all rightC. I’m sorry to hear thatD. Bad luck ( )44. I’m _____ . Ca n you give me something to drink?A. hungryB. angryC. thirstyD. traditional( )45. —Jim, when did you come to China?—About three days _____ .A. beforeB. agoC. in front ofD. past( )46. Mum, I_____ . I have a headache.A. am feeling wellB. I’m wellC. must illD. don’t feel well ( )47. You should drink_____ water if you have a cold.A. littleB. fewC. a fewD. a little( )48. Kate has a_____ and she can’t speak a word.A. coldB. backacheC. sore throatD. headache( )49. You look very tired. ______ you should have a good rest.A. MaybeB. MayC. May beD. Might( )50. You must _______ yourself and ________.A. look for, keep healthyB. look after, stay healthC. look after, keep healthyD. look out, stay healthy第三节完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)Do you want to keep 51 ? Exercise often, please. If you usually go to work 52 bus, from now on go by bike or 53 f oot. If you 54 get up late in the morning and only have lunch and dinner every day, I think you should set the clock to 55 you up earlier.So you can 56 morning exercises outside. You should breathe(呼吸)the fresh air and eat a balanced diet. Do you like to eat 57 , for example, potato chips, hamburgers 58 hot dogs? I’m sure they’re delicious. But I think you should eat 59 fruit and vegetables. Eating too much junk food is not good 60 your health.( )51. A. quiet B. busy C. healthy D. clean ( )52. A. on B. by C. in D. for( )53. A. on B. by C. with D. at ( )54. A. never B. hardly C. hardly ever D. always( )55. A. call B. wake C. look D. stand ( )56. A. do B. get C. have D. make( )57. A. fruit B. vegetables C. junk food D. bread( )58. A. but B. and C. so D. or ( )59. A. many B. a lot C. more D. much( )60. A. for B. at C. to D. wi th第三部分阅读理解(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)AEveryone knows that food is a ver y important thing for health. If we want to be healthy, we must have all kinds of foods. We need food when we feel hungry. Then, if we eat a bowlof rice or a piece of bread, we do not feel hungry. We should have enough(足够的) food. But do we eat the right kind of food?Bread is good for us. It helps us to work. It can keep us warm when the weather is cold. Meat, fish, eggs, and milk are all very good for us. They help us to grow. They keep us healthy. We must have some of these kinds of food every day.We also need fruit and vegetables. These also help us to grow and be healthy.根据短文内容,判断下列句子的正误。
物理参考答案一、选择题(本题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分,第1~6题只有一项符合题目要求,第7~10题有多1.【答案】D【解析】由图象可知,甲、乙两质点均沿x 轴负方向运动,选项A 错误;因两质点初位置相同,末位置相同,因此位移相同,选项B 错误;当甲的图象的切线与乙图象平行时,对应时刻甲的速度与乙的速度恰相同,选项C 错误;由图象可知甲做变速直线运动,加速度不为零,而乙做匀速直线运动其加速度始终为零,因此选项D 正确。
2.【答案】D【解析】由题意知,小球运动t 时间重力做功:221gt mg W ⨯=,t 时刻重力的瞬时功率:gt mg P ⋅=,联立解得:tWP 2=,选项D 正确。
3.【答案】B【解析】由于B 球没有滑动趋势,因此B 球不受斜面的摩擦力,对A 、B 整体研究,可得挡板对A 球的弹力大小为θtan 2mg F =,根据牛顿第三定律可知,A 球对挡板的压力大小也为θtan 2mg ,选项B 正确。
4.【答案】B【解析】由于浮力大于重力,小球以一定的速度进入水中向下运动时,设竖直向上为正方向,由牛顿第二定律得:mamg kv F =-+浮,可知小球向下做减速运动,加速度方向向上,随着速度v 不断减小,加速度a也不断减小,选项A 错误、B 正确;当速度减小为零时,合外力不为零,故加速度不为零,随后小球将在水中向上运动,向上运动的初始阶段加速度方向向上,做加速运动,仍设竖直向上为正方向,有:ma kv mg F =--浮,随着速度v 不断增大,加速度a 不断减小,选项C 、D 错误。
5.【答案】D【解析】对线框AD 段和圆弧ACD 段受力分析可知,线框有扩张趋势,选项A 错误;AD 段受到的安培力与A CD 段受到的安培力大小相等,方向相反,因此线框受到的安培力的合力为零,线框处于静止状态,不会转动,选项B 、C 错误、D 正确。
6.【答案】A 【解析】由题意可知,mg R Mm G=2,ma r MmG =2,求得:R a g r =,由:2)2(Tr a π=,得卫星在轨运行的周期:aga RT π2=,因此第33颗北斗卫星从图示位置运动到第34颗北斗卫星图示位置所用的时间ag a R ,选项A 正确。
全等三角形课后作业题十三1.如图,AC是△ABC和△ADC的公共边,下列条件中不能判定△ABC≌△ADC的是()A.AB=AD,∠2=∠1B.AB=AD,∠3=∠4C.∠2=∠1,∠3=∠4D.∠2=∠1,∠B=∠D2.如图,AE⊥AB且AE=AB,BC⊥CD且BC=CD,请按照图中所标注的数据,计算图中实线所围成的图形的面积S是()A. 50B. 62C. 65D. 683.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,AC=BC,CD⊥AB于D点,M,N是AC,BC上的动点,且∠MDN=90°,下列结论:①AM=CN;②四边形MDNC的面积为定值;③AM2+BN2=MN2;④MN平分∠CND.其中正确的是()A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.①②③④4.已知△ABC≌△DEF,∠A=80°,∠E=50°,则∠F的度数为()A.30° B.50° C.80° D.100°5.如图,已知△ABC,按如下步骤作图:(1)以A圆心,AB长为半径画弧;(2)以C为圆心,CB长为半径画弧,两弧相交于点D;(3)连接BD,与AC交于点E,连接AD,CD.①四边形ABCD是中心对称图形;②△ABC≌△ADC;③AC⊥BD且BE=DE;④BD平分∠ABC.其中正确的是()A.①② B.②③ C.①③ D.③④6.如图,已知AB=AC,AD=AE,若要得到“△ABD≌△ACE”,必须添加一个条件,则下列所添条件不恰当的是()A.BD=CE B.∠ABD=∠ACE C.∠BAD=∠CAE D.∠BAC=∠DAE7.(2015秋•常州期末)如图,下列条件中,不能证明△ABC≌△DCB的是()A.AB=CD,AC=BDB.AB=CD,∠ABC=∠BCDC.∠ABC=∠DCB,∠A=∠DD.AB=CD,∠A=∠D8.如图,由∠1=∠2,BC=DC、AC=EC,最后推出△ABC≌△EDC的根据是()A. SAS B.ASA C.AAS D.SSS9.(2015春•南京校级期末)下列说法中:①如果两个三角形可以依据“AAS”来判定全等,那么一定也可以依据“ASA”来判定它们全等;②如果两个三角形都和第三个三角形不全等,那么这两个三角形也一定不全等;③要判断两个三角形全等,给出的条件中至少要有一对边对应相等.正确的是()A.①和② B.②和③ C.①和③ D.①②③10.如图,△ABC≌△BDE,点B、C、D在一条直线上,AC、BE交于点O,若∠AOE=95°,则∠BDE= °.11.已知:如图,△ABC≌△DFE,若∠A=60°,∠E=90°,DE=6cm,则AB= cm.12.如图,△OAD≌△OBC,且∠O=60°,∠C=20°,则∠OAD= °.13.如图,BD是∠ABC的角平分线,DE⊥AB于E,△ABC的面积是30cm2,AB=8cm,BC=7cm,则DE= cm.14.如图,AC⊥BC于C ,DE⊥AC于E ,A D⊥AB于A , BC=AE.若AB=5 ,则AD=___________.15.AD是△ABC的边BC上的中线,AB=12,AC=8,则边BC的取值范围是;中线AD的取值范围是.16.如图,已知AC=BD,∠A=∠D,请你添一个直接条件,,使△AFC≌△DEB.(写出一种答案即可)17.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AM、BN分别平分∠CAB、∠ABC,AM与BN相交于点O,OD⊥AB,AB=10,AC=8,BC=6,则OD=____________.18.已知图中的两个三角形全等,则∠1等于度.19.如图,△ABC中,∠C为直角,射线AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D,BD∶DC=2∶1,BC=3.6cm,则点D到AB 边的距离为 cm。
河南省滑县2019届高三数学第二次联考试题文(扫描版)2018—2019学年高三年级调研考试(二)数学(文科)参考答案1.【答案】B【解析】依题意,{}{}232,1,0,1,2Z A x x =∈-≤<=--,故{}0,2A B =,故选B.2.【答案】A 【解析】依题意,()()()()24i 13i 24i 26i 4i 121010i1i 13i 13i 13i 1010--------====--++-,故选A. 3.【答案】D【解析】依题意,131********n n ⎡⎤⎛⎫-⎢⎥⎪⎝⎭-⎢⎥⎣⎦=--,化简可得2log 6n =,故[]2n =,则第2日蒲生长的长度为D. 4.【答案】C【解析】运行该程序,第一次,999,2S k ==;第二次,995,4S k ==;第三次,979,6S k ==;第四次,915,8S k ==;第五次,659,10S k ==,第六次365,12S k =-=,此时0S <,故输出的k 的值为12,故选C. 5.【答案】B【解析】A 班学生的分数多集中在[70,80]之间,B 班学生的分数集中在[50,70]之间,故A B x x >;相对两个班级的成绩分布来说,A 班学生的分数更加集中,B 班学生的分数更加离散,故22A B s s <,故选B.6.【答案】A【解析】依题意,()()()()55255550550mn m n m n n m n ->-⇔--->⇔-->5,5,5,5,m m n n ><⎧⎧⇔⎨⎨><⎩⎩或故“2216m n +<”⇒“5525mn m n ->-”,反之不成立,例如6m n ==;故“2216m n +<”是“5525mn m n ->-”的充分不必要条件,故选A. 7.【答案】C【解析】作出该几何体1111ABCD A B C D -的直观图,旋转一定的角度后,得到的图形如下图所示,观察可知,1CA =1A D =,1A B = C.8.【答案】B【解析】依题意,不妨设点M (x,y )在第一象限,联立225,,x y by x a ⎧+=⎪⎨=⎪⎩解得,x c y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩(其中222b a c +=),可知四边形MNPQ为矩形,且根据双曲线的对称性,2c c ⋅=,即225c ab =,解得12b a =(2b a=舍去),故所求渐近线方程为12y x =±,故选B. 9.【答案】D【解析】依题意,函数()f x 为偶函数,故1k =-,则()()320g k x g x ++-+=即为()()132g x g x -++-=-,故函数()g x 的图象的对称中心为()1,1-,故选D.10.【答案】A【解析】依题意,()()()3sin 32sin 33f x x x x πϕϕϕ⎛⎫=-+-=-+ ⎪⎝⎭,则()333Z k k ππϕπ⨯-+=∈,则()43Z k k πϕπ=-∈;因为2πϕ<,故3πϕ=,故()2sin 3f x x =,则将函数()f x 的图象向右平移6π个单位长度 后得到函数()2cos3g x x =-的图象,故选A. 11.【答案】B【解析】依题意,当0x ≥时,()()2'1212121f x x x x x =-=-,故当()0,1x ∈时,()'0f x <,当()1,x ∈+∞时,()'0f x >,且()11f =-,作出函数()f x 的大致图象如下所示;令()()()22320g x f x f x =--=⎡⎤⎣⎦,解得()()122f x f x ==-或,观察可知,函数()g x 共有3个零点,故选B.12.【答案】A【解析】设()00,M x y ,()11,N x y ,则直线MA 1的斜率为1003MA y k x -=,由11NA MA ⊥,所以直线NA 1的斜率为1003NA x k y =--.于是直线NA 1的方程为:0033x y x y =-+-.同理,NA 2的方程为:0033x y x y =--+.联立两直线方程,消去y ,得20109y x x -=. 因为()00,M x y 在椭圆221189y x +=上,所以22001189x y +=,从而2292x y -=-.所以012x x =-. 所以1212012MA A NA A S x S x ∆∆==,故选A. 13.【答案】322-或【解析】依题意,()4212m m +⋅=,解得322m =-或. 14.【答案】5【解析】作出不等式组所表示的平面区域如下图阴影部分所示,观察可知,当直线2z x y =-过点55,33A ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭时,2z x y =-取最大值,最大值为5.15.【答案】108【解析】依题意,不妨设2AB =,故所求概率22224P ππ⨯⨯+⨯⨯==.16.【解析】因为()sin sin 4sin sin ABC b a A b B B S bc C ∆+=⋅+,故2sin sin 4sin sin ABC ab A b B B S bc C ∆+=⋅+,即222sin sin 4sin sin ABC a B b B B S c B ∆+=⋅+,即2224ABC a b c S ∆+-=,故cos sin ab C ab C =,故4C π=,则△ABC的外接圆半径为2sin c C ==.17.【解析】(1)依题意,设BD x =,则AD =,3BC x =,又,43B AB π==.在△ABD 中,由余弦定理得3cos4216322π⋅⋅-+=x x x ,即2280x x +-=,解得2x =,或4-=x (舍去). 则36BC x ==;(5分)(2) 在△ ABC 中,设A,B,C 所对的边分别为a,b,c , 由正弦定理sin sin b c B C=,得sin sin c B C b ==又AC b AB c =>=,所以B C >,则C为锐角,所以cos 3C =则()1sin sin sin cos cos sin 2BAC B C B C B C ∠=+=++=.(10分) 18.【解析】(1)依题意,设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ,则4224d a a =-=,解得2d =,故11a =,21n a n =-,而236m mS S +=+,则214436m m a a m +++=+=,解得8m =,故32424232425762m S S ⨯==+⨯=;(6分)(2)因为21n a n =-,故()()+1211111212322123n n a a n n n n +⎛⎫==- ⎪++++⎝⎭,故()111111111...23557792123323n nT n n n ⎛⎫=-+-+-++-= ⎪+++⎝⎭.(12分) 19.【解析】(1)依题意 ,所求平均数为20.260.36100.28140.12180.04⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯ 0.4 2.16 2.8 1.680.727.76=++++=;(3分) (2)依题意,完善表中的数据如下所示:故()222000800600200400333.3310.828100010001200800K ⨯⨯-⨯=≈>⨯⨯⨯;故有99.9%的把握认为“愿意购买该款电视机”与“市民的年龄”有关;(7分)(3)依题意,使用时间在[)0,4内的有1台,记为A ,使用时间在[]4,20内的有4台,记为a,b,c,d ,则随机抽取2台,所有的情况为(A ,a ),(A ,b ),(A ,c ),(A ,d ),(a ,b ),(a ,c ),(a ,d ),(b ,c ),(b ,d ),(c ,d ),共10种,其中满足条件的为(a ,b ),(a ,c ),(a ,d ),(b ,c ),(b ,d ),(c ,d ),共6种,故所求概率63105P==.(12分)20.【解析】(1)作出平面EFG 的图形如下所示,点G 为线段SB 上靠近B 点的三等分点;C(5分)(2)依题意, 因为0090,45SDA SAD ∠=∠=,故SD AD ==而2SA SB ==,所以222SB SD BD =+, 所以SD BD ⊥,又因为DADB D =,所以SD ABCD ⊥平面;因为SD ⊂平面SCD,所以平面SCD ABCD ⊥平面. 作'EE CD ⊥于'E ,因为平面=SCDABCD CD 平面,所以'EE ⊥平面SCD ;又因为//EF SCD 平面,所以'EE 即为F 到平面SCD 的距离.在△ABD 中,设AB 边上的高为h ,则h =,因为23ED EC BD AC ==,所以2'3EE h ==,即F 到平面SCD(12分)21.【解析】(1)依题意,直线l :28y x =+,联立22,28,x y y x ⎧=⎨=+⎩故24160x x --=,设11(,)M x y ,22(,)N x y ,则124x x +=,1216x x =-,故1220MN x =-==;(5分)(2)联立0,40,x y x y -=⎧⎨+-=⎩解得2x y ==,故()2,2A ,设直线l 的方程为:4(2)y k x -=+,11(,)M x y ,22(,)N x y , 则11112(2)222AM y k x k x x -++==--,22222(2)222AN y k x k x x -++==--, 212121212121212[(2)2][(2)2][2()4]2(4)4(2)(2)2()4AM ANk x k x k x x x x k x x k k x x x x x x +++++++++++==---++, 联立抛物线22x y =与直线4(2)y k x -=+的方程消去y 得22480x kx k ---=,可得122x x k +=,1248x x k =--,代入AM AN k k ⋅可得1AM AN k k ⋅=-.(12分)22.【解析】(1)依题意,()0,x ∈+∞,()221'222x mx f x x m x x++=++=⋅,若22m -≤≤,则210x mx ++≥,故()'0f x ≥,故函数()f x 在()0,+∞上单调递增;当22m m <->或时,令210x mx ++=,解得12xx ; 若2m >0<0<,故函数()f x 在()0,+∞上单调递增; 若2m <-,则当x ⎛∈⎝⎭时,()'0f x >,当x ∈⎝⎭时,()'0f x <,经典资料经典资料(一)当x ⎫∈+∞⎪⎝⎭时,()'0f x >; 综上所述;当2m ≥-时,函数()f x 在()0,+∞上单调递增;当2m <-时,函数()f x在⎛ ⎝⎭和⎫+∞⎪⎝⎭上单调递增,在⎝⎭上单调递减;(6分) (2)题中不等式等价于2222ln 2e 3x x mx x x ++≤+,即2e ln x x x mx -+≥, 因此2e ln x x x m x -+≥,设()2e ln x x x h x x-+=,∴ ()'10h =,当)1,0(∈x 时,()2e 1ln 10x x x x -++-<,即0)('<x h ,)(x h 单调递减; 当),1(+∞∈x 时,()2e 1ln 10x x x x -++->,即0)('>x h ,)(x h 单调递增; 因此1=x 为)(x h 的极小值点,即1)1()(+=≥e h x h ,故e 1m ≤+, 故实数m 的取值范围为(],e 1-∞+.(12分)。
第三节水资源一、学习目标1.利用视频感知水资源紧张的现象,分析水资源紧张的原因及对策。
2.运用资料,说出我国水资源的时空分布不均的特点以及对于我们的生产生活的影响。
3.结合实例,说出我国跨流域调水的重要性。
4.要求学生能够从实际出发,认识合理利用与保护水资源的重要性。
二、学习重难点重点:我国水资源的时空分布不均的特点以及对策。
难点:南水北调工程的主要路线和意义。
三、学习过程【新课导入】视频《了解水资源的短缺》【自主学习】知识点一:明确概念1.我们通常说的水资源是指地球上的_______?2.我国主要的淡水资源有_______和_______。
知识点二:降水的空间分布不均1.观察图3.13,长江与黄河相比较,______的径流量比_____大。
可见,我国水资源南北3.缺水最为严重的地区是和地区。
成因:受夏季风影响,南方雨季,北方雨季。
4.分析我国水、土资源配合是否合理?为什么?5.结合图3.4回答:面对中国资源短缺现状,为保障自然资源的供给,你有什么对策?知识点三:降水的时间分布不均1.读图广州、武汉、北京、哈尔滨四个城市年降水量的季节变化。
找出降水较多的两个季节。
由此可见,水资源的季节分布特点是________多,________少。
2.原因:受季风气候的影响,夏季风来自海洋,带来丰沛的降水;冬季风来自陆地,寒冷干燥,降水少。
3.读图3.14,分析我国降水的年际变化特点是年际变化。
4.不利影响:夏季风容易造成灾,冬春季北方河流水量少,造成严重的灾。
知识点四:应对措施对策一:应对水资源空间分布不均解决措施:。
著名的工程有。
南水北调是把的水资源调到我国缺水严重的、地区。
分别从、、三条调水路线进行。
对策二:对于水资源时间分布不均解决措施:。
著名的工程有_____工程和______水利枢纽。
水库的作用是在河流洪水期____,枯水期_______。
【合作探究】探究:生活联系实际,读图3.20,结合教材81的活动,简要说明我们在工农业生产和家庭生活中用存在哪些问题?针对问题提出改进方案。
13.3 全等三角形的判定(3)【学习目标】探索并掌握两个三角形全等的角边角(ASA )和角角边(AAS )的条件,在与他人合作交流等活动过程中,发展合情推理,进一步学习有条理的思考与表达. 【学习重点】探索并掌握两个三角形全等的角边角(ASA )和角角边(AAS )条件,并能灵活运用. 【学习难点】在观察、实验、分析中探究两个三角形全等的条件. 【预习自测】 知识链接已经学过的三角形全等的判定方法有哪些?【合作探究】 探究活动一课本“一起探究”的学习与认识.探究活动二如图,M 是AB 的中点,MC=MD ,∠1=∠2, 请说明△AMC ≌△BMD 的理由.归纳: 三角形全等判定依据有角边角(ASA ),推论角角边(AAS ) 【精讲答疑】 例题:如图,已知点D 是△ABC 的边AB 上一点,DF 交AC 于E ,DE=EF ,C F∥AB ,AE 与CE 是否相等?试说明理由.ACDM 121.课本练习.2.如图,AD⊥BC于D,BD=CD.△ABD和△ACD全等吗?为什么?【反馈拓展】1.如图,∠C =∠D,AC = BD. 则△AOC≌△BOD吗?为什么?AB C2.如图,已知:AB = CD ,DE ⊥AC ,BF ⊥AC ,垂足分别为E 、F ,∠B=∠D ,则AF = CE 吗?为什么?3. 如图,△ABC ≌△A ′B ′C ′,AD 、A ′D ′分别是△ABC 和△A ′B ′C ′的中线,你能得出AD=A ′D ′吗?变式一:若AD 、A ′D ′分别是△ABC 和△A ′B ′C ′的角平分线,AD=A ′D ′吗?变式二:若AD 、A ′D ′分别是△ABC 和△A ′B ′C ′的高线,AD=A ′D ′吗?B C ′D ′【总结反思】1.本节课我学会了:还有些疑惑:2.做错的题目有:原因:。
淇滨高中2018-2019学年上学期第一次月考高一数学试卷考试时间:120分钟注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
一、单选题(每题5分,共60分)1.已知集合{|20}A x x =-<,{}1,2,3B =,则A B =( )A .{}1,2,3B .{}1C .{}3D .∅2.设集合{}=1,2M ,则满足条件{}=1,2,3,4M N 的集合N 的个数是( )A .1B .3C .2D .43.A B C D4.下列函数中,在()0,2上为增函数的是( ) A .32y x =-+B .3y x=C .245y x x -=+D .23810y x x +=- 5.若奇函数()f x 在[]3,7上是增函数,且最小值是1,则它在[7,3]--上是( ) A .增函数且最小值是1- B .增函数且最大值是1- C .减函数且最大值是1-D .减函数且最小值是1-6.已知集合{|P x y ==,集合{|Q y y =,则P 与Q 的关系是( ) A .P Q = B .P Q ⊆ C .P Q ⊇ D .P Q =∅7.已知()5412-+=-x x x f ,则()x f 的表达式是( )A .()x f =x x 62+ B .()x f =782++x xC .()x f =322-+x x D .()x f =1062-+x x8.已知函数()2f x x bx c =++的图象的对称轴为直线x =1,则( ) A .()()1(12)f f f <<- B .()()12()1f f f <<- C .()())211(f f f -<<D .()())112(f f f -<<9.图中的图象所表示的函数的解析式为( )A .()10322y x x =-≤≤ B .()1232032y x x --=≤≤ C .()10232y x x =-≤≤- D .()1012y x x =-≤≤-10.已知()()121,2111,2x x x f x f x +≥⎧-<⎪⎪⎨⎪-⎪⎩=,则1746f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫+= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭( ) A .16-B .16C .56 D .56-11.函数()y f x =是R 上的偶函数,且在(]0-∞,上是增函数,若()()2f a f ≤, 则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .2a ≤B .2a ≥-C .22a -≤≤D .22a a ≤-≥或12.已知()32f x x =-,()22g x x x =-,()()()()()()(),,g x f x g x F x f x f x g x ⎧⎪≥<⎨⎪⎩=若若,则()F x 的最值是 ( )A .最大值为3,最小值1- B.最大值为7- C .最大值为3,无最小值 D .既无最大值,又无最小值 二、填空题(每题5分,共20分)13. 已知集合A ={0,1,2},则集合B ={x -y |x ∈A ,y ∈A }中元素的个数是_______.14.有15人进家电超市,其中有9人买了电视,有7人买了电脑,两种均买了的有3人,则这两种都没买的有________人.15.若函数()f x 的定义域为[12]-,则函数2(3)f x -的定义域为________.16.函数2y x =+的值域为________.三、解答题(17题10分,18-22题每题12分,共70分)17.(10分)已知全集U =R ,集合{}|4A x x =>,{|66}B x x =-<<. (1)求AB 和A B ;(2)求U B ð;18.(12分)已知集合A ={x |-2≤x ≤7},B ={x |m +1<x <2m -1}. (1)当m=3时,求AB .(2)若B ⊆A ,求实数m 的取值范围.19.(12分)已知函数()211x f x x ++=. (1)判断函数()f x 在区间[1,)+∞上的单调性,并用定义证明你的结论; (2)求该函数在区间[1]4,上的最大值与最小值.20.(12分)已知f (x )是一次函数,且满足f (3x )=2 f (x )+2x+1,求(1) f (x )的解析式.(2)若g (x )=x f (x ),求g (x )的最小值.21.(12分)已知函数222,0()0,0,0x x x f x x x mx x ⎧->⎪==⎨⎪-+<⎩是奇函数.(1)求实数m 的值;(2)若函数f (x )在区间[3,2]a a --上单调递增,求实数a 的取值范围.22.(12分)定义在R 上的函数f (x ),满足当x >0时,f (x )>1,且对任意的x ,y ∈R ,有()()()·f x y f x f y +=,f (1)=2.(1)求f (0)的值;(2)求证:对任意x ∈R ,都有f (x )>0; (3)解不等式f (3-2x )>4.高一数学答案1-12.B D.C.D. B .C.A .B .B .A .D.B13. 5 14. 2 15. 1,22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ 16. (]4-∞,17.(1){|46}A B x x =<<,{}|6AB x x =>-;(2){|66}U B x x x =≥≤-或ð;18. 解析:(1)当m=3时,B ={x |4<x <5},{|45}A B x x =<< (2)当B =∅时,有m +1≥2m -1,则m ≤2;当B ≠∅时,∵B ⊆A ,如图.则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m +1≥-2,2m -1≤7,m +1<2m -1,解得2<m ≤4. 综上,m 的取值范围为m ≤4,19.【解析】(1)函数()f x 在[1,)+∞上是增函数. 证明:任取12,[,)1x x ∈+∞,且12x x <,则()()()()121212121221211111x x x x f x f x x x x x ++--=+++=+-. 易知120x x -<,12()11(0)x x ++>,所以()()120f x f x -<,即()()12f x f x <, 所以函数()f x 在[1,)+∞上是增函数.(2)由(1)知函数()f x 在[1]4,上是增函数, 则函数()f x 的最大值为()945f =,最小值为()312f =.20.(1)设,则由,得,即,所以,解得.所以.(2),则.21. (1)∵函数是奇函数;∴,.(2)由(1)知如图 当时,,∴当时,单调递减;当时,单调递增.当时,,∴当时,单调递减;当时,单调递增. 综上:函数在上单调递增.又函数在区间上单调递增.∴或,解得故实数的取值范围是.22.【解析】(1)对任意x ,y ∈R ,()()()·f x y f x f y +=. 令x =y =0,得f (0)=f (0)·f (0),即f (0)·[f (0)-1]=0. 令y =0,得f (x )=f (x )·f (0),对任意x ∈R 成立, 所以f (0)≠0,因此f (0)=1.(2)证明:对任意x ∈R ,有2·2222()()02x x x x x f x f f f f ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫===≥ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦+. 假设存在x 0∈R ,使f (x 0)=0,则对任意x >0,有f (x )=f [(x -x 0)+x 0]=f (x -x 0)·f (x 0)=0. 这与已知x >0时,f (x ) >1矛盾.所以,对任意x ∈R ,均有f (x )>0成立. (3)令x =y =1有f (1+1)=f (1)·f (1),f (2)=2×2=4.任取x 1,x 2∈R ,且x 1<x 2,则f (x 2)-f (x 1)=f [(x 2-x 1)+x 1]-f (x 1)=f (x 2-x 1)·f (x 1) -f (x 1)=f (x 1)·[f (x 2-x 1)-1]. ∵x 1<x 2,∴x 2-x 1>0,由已知f (x 2-x 1)>1,∴f (x 2-x 1)-1>0. 由(2)知x 1∈R ,f (x 1)>0.所以f (x 2)-f (x 1)>0,即f (x 1)<f (x 2). 故函数f (x )在(,)-∞+∞上是增函数.由f (3-2x )>4,得f (3-2x )>f (2),即3-2x >2.解得x <12. 所以,不等式的解集是1,2⎛∞-⎫ ⎪⎝⎭.经典资料淇滨高中2018-2019学年上学期第一次月考高一数学答题卷考号 ______________ 姓名______________班级______________ 一.选择题(用2B 铅笔涂黑选项每题5分共60分) 考生须知1、 考生答题前,在规定的地方准确填写考号和姓名。
数学一模答案一、选择题:DABBB ACDCD DB二、填空题:(文科)13、22± 14、甲 15、9 16、0(30)6π或三、解答题:17、解:(1)由112-++=n n n a a a (*∈≥N n n ,2)知数列{}n a 为等差数列,且首项为1,公差为112=-a a ,所以n a n = 3分 (2)方法一 ∵n n b n nb )1(21+=+ ∴n b n b n n ⋅=++2111(1≥n ),∴数列⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧n b n 是以111=b 为首项,21为公比的等比数列, 5分 1-21n n n b ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=,从而1-2n n nb = 7分方法二∵n n b n nb )1(21+=+ ∴nn b b n n 1211+⋅=+ ∴112232112122223)2(21)1(2----=⨯⋅⨯⋅⋅--⋅-=⋅⋅⋅⋅n n n n n n n n n n b b b b b b b b 即12-=n n nb 7分12210221232221--+-++++=n n n n n Tn n n nn T 22123222121132+-++++=- 9分 ∴n n n n T 221212112112-++++=- n n nn n 222221121-1+-=--=11分 所以1224-+-=n n n T 12分18、(文科)解:(1)∵90=甲x ,90=乙x , 2分6.312=甲s ,502=乙s , 4分乙甲22s s <∴甲的成绩更稳定 5分(2)考试有5次,任选2次,基本事件有(87,100)和(87,80),(87,100)和(84,85),(87,100)和(100,95),(87,100)和(92,90),(87,80)和(84,85),(87,80)和(100,95),(87,80)和(92,90),(84,85)和(100,95),(84,85)和(92,90),(100,95)和(92,90)共10个, 8分 其中符合条件的事件有(87,100)和(84,85),(87,100)和(92,90), (87,80)和(84,85),(87,80)和(92,90),(84,85)和(100,95), (100,95)和(92,90)共有6个, 10分 则5次考试,任取2次,恰有一次两人“实力相当”的概率为53106= 12分另法:这5次考试中,分数差的绝对值分别为13,7,1,5,2,则从中任取两次,分差绝对值的情况为(13,7),(13,1),(13,5),(13,2),(7,1),(7,5),(7,2),(1,5),(1,2),(5,2) 共10种……8分其中符合条件的情况有(13,1),(13,2),(7,1),(7,2),(1,5),(5,2)共6种情况……10分则5次考试,任取2次,恰有一次两人“实力相当”的概率为53106= 12分 19.(文科)(1)证明:连接1AC∵ABCD D C B A -1111为四棱台,四边形1111D C B A ∽四边形ABCD ∴ACC A AB B A 111121==,由AC=2得,111=C A 2分 又∵⊥A A 1底面ABCD ,∴四边形11ACC A 为直角梯形,可求得21=A C又2=AC ,M 为1CC 的中点,所以C C AM 1⊥ 4分 又∵平面11ACC A ⊥平面11CDD C ,平面11ACC A ⋂平面11CDD C C C 1= ∴⊥AM 平面11CDD C ,⊂D D 1平面11CDD C∴D D AM 1⊥ 6分(2)解:方法1:在ABC ∆中,32=AB ,2=AC ,030=∠ABC ,利用余弦定理可求得,4=BC 或2=BC ,由于BC AC ≠,所以4=BC从而222BC AC AB =+,知AC AB ⊥ 7分又∵⊥A A 1底面ABCD ,则平面⊥11ACC A 底面ABCD ,AC 为交线∴⊥AB 平面11A C C A ,所以1CC AB ⊥,由(1)知1CC AM ⊥,A AM AB =⋂∴⊥1CC 平面ABM (连接BM ),9分∴平面⊥ABM 平面11BCC B ,过点A 作BM AN ⊥,交BM 于点N则⊥AN 平面11BCC B , 10分 在ABM Rt ∆中可求得3=AM ,15=BM ,所以5152=AN , 11分 所以,点A 到平面11BCC B 的距离为5152. 12分 方法2:在ABC ∆中,32=AB ,2=AC ,030=∠ABC ,利用余弦定理可求得,4=BC 或2=BC , 由于BC AC ≠,所以4=BC从而222BC AC AB =+,知AC AB ⊥ 7分又∵⊥A A 1底面ABCD ,则平面⊥11ACC A 底面ABCD ,AC 为交线 ∴⊥AB 平面11ACC A , ∴三棱锥2323221311=⨯⨯⨯⨯=-ACC B V 8分 在梯形11BCC B 中,4261111====BC C C C B B B ,,,利用平面几何知识可求得梯形的高为215, 10分 设点A 到平面11BCC B 的距离为h ,D∴22154213111==⨯⨯⨯⨯=--ACC B BCC A V h V ,解得5152=h 11分所以,点A 到平面11BCC B 的距离为5152. 12分 20、解:(1)由21=a c 得2243b a = 1分 把点⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-231,代入椭圆方程为149122=+b a ,∴139122=+aa 得42=a 3分 32=∴b ,椭圆的标准方程为13422=+y x 4分 (2)①由(1)知13422=+y x ,C=1 4214241)413)1()1(22222-=+-=-+-=+-=x x x x x y x (而x -=4=2为定值. 6分②设()m Q ,4若0=m ,则NF MF +4=若0≠m ,因为()02,-A ,()02,B 直线QA :()26+=x my ,直线QB :()22-=x m y 由()⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=++=1342622y x x m y 整理得()010844272222=-+++m x m x m ∴()222710842m m x M +-=-,得2227542mm x M ++-= 8分 由()⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=+-=1342222y x x m y 整理得()0124432222=-+-+m x m x m∴2231242m m x N +-=⋅,得22362m m x N +-= 9分由①知()M x MF -=421,()N x NF -=421 10分 ∴⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+-+++--=+-=+22223622754221424m m m m x x NF MF N M 2422248484481308130m m m m m ⎛⎫⎪⎛⎫=-=- ⎪ ⎪++⎝⎭ ⎪++⎝⎭11分 ∵188128122=≥+mm (当且仅当92=m 即3±=m 时取等号)∴130814822≤++mm ,即NF MF +的最小值为3. 12分(文科)②直线m x y +=21与椭圆C 联立,⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=++=1342122y x m x y 得0322=-++m mx x ()03422>--=∆m m 22<<-⇒m设⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+m x x A 1121,,⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+m x x B 2221,,则m x x -=+21,3221-=⋅m x x 8分由①知)4(211x AF -=,)4(212x BF -= 9分 ∴242421mx x BF AF +=+-=+,MF = 10分∵AF ,MF ,BF 成等差数列∴MF BF AF 2=+ 即12242+=+m m 解得512=m 或34-=m 11分 又因为22<<-m ,所以34-=m 12分21、解:(1)()0)1(1)2()1()1(1)(222>++-+=+-+-='x x x x a x x ax x a x x f 1分 令1)2()(2+-+=x a x x p①当02≥-a 即2≤a 时,p(x)>1,故0)(>'x f 恒成立,所以)(x f 在()∞+,0上单调递增;②当04)2(2≤--=∆a 即40≤≤a 时,0)(>'x f 恒成立,所以)(x f 在()∞+,0上单调递增;③当4>a 时,由于0)(='x f 的两根为02422>-±-=aa a x 所以)(x f 在⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛---24202a a a ,,⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∞+-+-,2422a a a 为增函数,在⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+----24224222a a a a a a ,为减函数. 5分 综上:4≤a 时,函数)(x f 在()∞+,0为增函数; 4>a 时,函数)(x f 在⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛---24202a a a ,,⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∞+-+-,2422a a a 为增函数,在⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+----24224222a a a a a a ,为减函数. 6分 (2)由(1)知4>a ,且221-=+a x x ,121=x x 7分1ln 1ln )()(22211121+-++-=+∴x ax x x ax x x f x f ()()a x x x ax x ax x x -=+++++-=11)1()1(ln 21122121 8分而)2(22ln 1222222ln 22221---=+--⋅--=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+a a a a a a a f x x f 9分 ∴()()2222ln 2222ln 222121+--=++--=+-⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+a a a a a x f x f x x f 10分 设()2222ln+--=aa a h (4>a ) ()()022*******<--=-⋅-='a a a a h 所以()a h 在()∞+,4上为减函数,又()04=h ,所以()0<a h 所以2)()()2(2121x f x f x x f +<+ 12分(文科)解:(1)因为2221)(x a x x a x f -=-='()0≠x …………………1分 ①若)(,0)(0x f x f a ∴>'≤,在(,0),(0,)-∞+∞为增函数…………………2分②若0>a ,则a x a x a x x f >-<⇒>-⇒>'或00)(2a x a a x x f <<-⇒<-⇒<'00)(2()0≠x∴函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为()a -∞-,,()∞+,a , 单调递减区间为()0,a -,()a ,0 5分 (2)方法1:∵0>a ,0>x ∴x xa x >+ 7分 令1ln )(--=x x x p ()0>x ,x x x x p 111)(-=-=' 1010)(>⇒>-⇒>'x x x p∴函数)(x p 在()10,上为减函数,在()∞+,1上为增函数 ∴0)1()(min ==p x p ,0)(≥x p 恒成立,即1ln +≥x x 11分所以,当()∞+∈,0x 时,)()(x g x f >. 12分 方法2:令1ln )()()(--+=-=x xa x x g x f x h ()0>x 22211)(x a x x x x a x h --=--=' 设=)(x p 02=--a x x 的正根为0x ,所以0020=--a x x∵011)1(<-=--=a a p ,∴10>x 8分 )(x h 在()00x ,上为减函数,在()∞+,0x 上为增函数 2ln 21ln 1ln )()(000002000000min --=---+=--+==x x x x x x x x x a x x h x h 10分 令2ln 2)(--=x x x F ()1>x01212)(>-=-='xx x x F 恒成立,所以)(x F 在()∞+,1上为增函数 又∵0202)1(=--=F ,∴0)(>x F ,即0)(min >x h所以,当()∞+∈,0x 时,)()(x g x f > 12分 另法:由法1知1ln +≥x x ,因为01,01ln ,10000>-≥--∴>x x x x所以02ln 200>--x x ,即0)(min >x h 所以,当()∞+∈,0x 时,)()(x g x f > 12分 22、解:(1)直线l 和圆2C 的普通方程分别为0=+-b y x ,4)2(22=++y x 3分 090=∠AOB ,∴直线l 过圆2C 的圆心)0,2(2-C ,所以02=+-b ,2=b 5分(2)曲线)0(:21>=a ay x C ,可知直线l 的参数方程为⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=+-=t y t x 22222(t 为参数)代入曲线1C 得042222212=+⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-t a t 8分 04212>+=∆a a 恒成立 设M 、N 两点对应的参数分别为1t 、2t ,则821421==⋅t t 9分 所以82122=⋅=⋅t t N C M C 为定值. 10分23、解:(1)1101122->+⇒>+-+x x x x , ①211112<<-⇒⎩⎨⎧->+-≥x x x x ,②φ⇒⎩⎨⎧->---<1112x x x 所以,不等式的解集为{}21|<<-x x 5分(2)1)(+++=m x x x g 111+=+++-≥+++-=m m x x m x x当且仅当()()01≥++⋅-m x x 时取等号,∴011=++m得2-=m 7分 【另:()1(1)g x x x m x x m =+++=+---,由)(x g 表示x 轴上的数x 到0与1m --的距离之和,且)(x g 在[0,1]之间取最小值,所以11m --=,解得2m =- 7分】∴()1,g x x x =+- 故当()1,2x ∈-时⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-+-=12112)(x x x g 211001<<≤≤<<-x x x 9分所以)(x g 在()1,2x ∈-时的值域为[)3,1. 10分。
河南省封丘县一中2018-2019学年高一数学上学期期中试题第I 卷(选择题)一、选择题(本题共12道小题,每小题5分,共60分)1.设全集为R,函数()1x f x +=的定义域为M,则R C M = ( )A.{}2x x ≥ B.{}21x x x <≠-且 C.{}21x x x ≥=-或 D.{}21x x x >=-或 2.设全集U =R ,集合A ={x |21-+x x ≤0},B ={x |1<2x<8},则(∁R A )∩B =( ) A .[2,3) B .(0,2] C .(1,2] D .[1,3]3.定义在R 上的偶函数()f x 满足:对任意的1212(,0]()x x x x ∈-∞≠、,有2121()()0f x f x x x -<-,且(2)0f =,则不等式2()()05f x f x x+-<的解集是( )A .(-∞,-2)∪(2,+∞) B.(-∞,-2)∪(0,2) C. (-2,0)∪(2,+∞) D. (-2,0)∪(0,2)4.如图,设全集U=R ,{|1}M x x x =∈R ,≤,{|02}N x x x =或≤≥,则图中阴影部分表示的集合为( )A .{|12}x x ≤≤B .{|12}x x <≤C.{|12}x x <≤ D .{|12}x x <<5.函数2()ln(1)f x x =+的图象大致是( )A. B .C. D .6.设25a bm ==,且112a b +=,则m =( )A..107.若函数()y f x =是函数xy a =(0a >且1a ≠)的反函数(2)1f =,且,则(8)f =( )A .3B .13 C.-3 D .13-8.若函数()y f x =为偶函数,且在(-∞,0)上单调递减,()20f =,则()30f x ->的解集为( ){|22}x x -<<{|15}x x << 9.幂函数f(x)=(m 2-m -1)3m m2x -+在(0,+∞)时是减函数,则实数m 的值为( )A .2或﹣1B .﹣1C .2D .﹣2或110.已知2))(()(---=b x a x x f ,并且βα,是方程0)(=x f 的两根,实数βα,,,b a 的大小关系可能是( )A .βα<<<b a B .b a <<<βαC. βα<<<b a D .b a <<<βα11.已知定义在R 上的奇函数)(x f 的图像关于直线1=x 对称,且1)1(=-f ,则)2017()3()2()1(f f f f ++++ 的值为( ) A .-1 B .0 C. 1 D .212.函数2230()lg 10x x x f x x x ⎧+-=⎨->⎩,,≤的所有零点之和为( )A .7 B .5 C.4 D .3第II 卷(非选择题)二、填空题(本题共4道小题,每小题5分,共20分)13.已知函数3()ln(3bf x ax c x x=+-+-,(3)7f -=,则f (3)的值为 . 14.函数212log (6)y x x =+-的单调递增区间为 . 15.函数213(),(2)()24log ,(02)x x f x x x ⎧+≥⎪=⎨⎪<<⎩,若方程()0f x k -=仅有一根,则实数k 的取值范围是 . 16.已知f 是有序数对集合{}**,|),(N y N x y x M ∈∈=上的一个映射,正整数对()x,y 在映射f 下的象为实数z ,记作z y x f =),(,对于任意的正整数)(,n m n m >映射f 由下表组出:使不等式4),2(≤x f x成立的x 的集合是 。
河南省鹤壁市淇滨高级中学2018-2019学年高一语文上学期第二次周考试题试卷分值:150分考试时间:150分钟审核:高一语文组第Ⅰ卷(阅读题,共70分)一、现代文阅读(一)论述文阅读阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
(9分,每小题3分)审美活动的动力机制有情感、想象、超越三种。
与之相应,审美活动所产生的美有三种存在的形态:情象、意象、境界。
审美活动最基本的动力是情感。
从本质上来说,美是情感的对象化.这里说的情感是审美主体的情感,而不是审美对象的情感。
这里说的对象,有两种形态:一是原生形态。
即原本有一个对象,但不是审美对象,是审美主体将其情感赋予给它,使对象成为主体情感的载体,从而成为审美对象。
二是自创形态。
即原本无对象,因为有情,需要外化,于是就创造一个形象,让其成为情感的载体。
这种情况在艺术创作中居多。
以上两种情况都可以说是情感造形。
情感造形的产物就是情象。
情象是美的基础形态。
凡审美都有情感造形存在,只是审美中的情感造形,除艺术创作外,都是不自觉的,而是直觉的。
刘勰说诗人创作时“登山则情满于山,观海则意溢于海”。
这种情况不只是艺术创作时有,只要是进入审荚形态的人都有。
情象是审美主体的创造,只是这创造主要表现在情感的赋予上,而当想象参与后,则就有很大的不同。
想象的最重要的功能是创造新事物,这新事物是现实中不存在的。
想象的创造,不只有情感在起作用,还有人的意识、文化修养在起作用。
于是,这新创造的形象就具有丰富的意蕴,这具有丰富意蕴的形象我们叫它“意象”。
意象虽然通常用在艺术创作中,其实,在现实的审美活动中也有,而且只有首先在现实的审美活动中产生了意象才有可能将其表现为作品中的意象。
陆游咏梅云:“驿外断桥边,寂寞开无主。
已是黄昏独自愁,更著风和雨。
”这梅就不是自然物象,也不只是情象,而是意象了,因为这中间寄寓着陆游对自身经历的独特思考。
美的最高存在形态是境界。
境界是中国哲学的重要范畴。
它较多地出现在佛教典籍中,成为佛教的最高层次。
河南省辉县市高级中学2018-2019学年高二英语上学期第二次月考试题第Ⅰ卷选择题(共100分)第一部分完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分Lady, are you rich?They huddled (挤在一起)inside the storm door---two children in dirty old coats.“Any old __1__,lady?”I was __2__ with my household budget (预算).I wanted to say no---until I looked down at their__3__.Thin little sandals (凉鞋), __4__through.. “Come into the front room and I’ll make you a cup of hot__5__.” There was no conversation. Their wet sandals left __6__upon the hearthstone(壁炉的石头).I __7__them cocoa and bread with jam(果酱) to __8__against the cold outside .Then I went back to the kitchen and started __9__on my household budget.I __10__the silence in the front room and looked in. The girl held the empty __11__in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a fl at voice,“ Lady ..are you rich?”“Am I rich? No!”The girl put her cup back in its saucer(碟子)--- __12__. “Your cups__13__ your saucers.” Her voice was old, with a __14__that was not of the stomach.They left then, holding their newspapers __15__the wind. They hadn’t said __16__.They didn’t need to. They had done more than that. Plain blue pottery cups and saucers. __17__ they matched.I tasted the potatoes and stirred (搅拌)the gravy (肉汁) . Potatoes and brown gravy, a roof over our heads, my man with a good steady job---these things matched, too.I moved the chairs back from the fire and cleaned the living room. The muddy prints of small sandals were __18__wet upon my heart . I let them be , I want them there __19__I ever forget again how __20__I am.1. A. cups B. newspaper C. food D. clothes2. A. worried B. excited C. sad D. busy3. A. dress B. faces C. feet D. socks4. A. wet B. cold C. worn D. broken5. A. cocoa B. soup C. gravy D. tea6. A, snow B. water C. raindrops D. marks7. A. made B. served C. offered D. sent8. A. protect B. warm C. fight D. beat9. A. then B. off C. again D. over10. A. hated B. wondered C. found D. noticed11.A. spoon B. cup C. bowl D. plate12. A. carelessly B. carefully C. hurriedly D. heavily13. A. suit B. fit C. match D. complete14. A. hunger B. hope C. sound D. anger15. A, with B. against C. in D. along16. A. thank you B. goodbye C. they are poor D. sorry17. A. Though B. As C . So D . But18. A. still B. even C. once D. ever19. A. because B. even though C. if D. as if20. A. kind B. happy C. serious D. rich第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上涂黑。
ALIPITORABOUT LIPITORLipitor is a prescription(处方)medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad”cholesterol(胆固醇)in your b lood. It can also raise “good” cholesterol.Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR:●People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise.●Adults and children over 10.Who should NOT take DIPITOR:●Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unbornbaby.●Women who are breast-feeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.●People with liver(肝脏)problems.POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR:Serious side effects in a small number of people:●Muscle problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems, including kidney failure.●Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitorand while you are taking it.Call your doctor right away if you have:●Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very tired.●Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing orswallowing.●Stomach pain.Some common side effects of LIPITOR are:●Muscle pain.●Upset stomach.●Changes in some blood tests.HOW TO TAKE LIPITORDO:●Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.●Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.●Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.●If you miss a dose(一剂), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than12 hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time.Don't:●Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.●Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.21. Taking Lipitor is helpful for ___________.A. women who are pregnantB. teenagers with liver problemsC. breast-feeding womenD. adults having heart disease22. If it has been 7 hours since you missed a dose, you should ___________.A. eat more when taking your next doseB. have a dose as soon as you rememberC. take the next dose at your regular timeD. change the amount of your next dose23. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?A. Throat swelling.B. Upset stomach.C. Kidney failure.D. Muscle weakness.24. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.B. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.C. To give information about a kind of medicine.D. To present a report on a scientific research.BWomen have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. Twelve women have won the Nobel Prize for science, one of the highest honors in the world. Some women scientists never married, some worked with their husbands, and others raised large families. It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth. Mary and her father collected fossils in their village on the south coast of Great Britain. Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years.When she was only twelve years old, Mary became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons(骨架)of several animals that no longer existed on earth. She didn’t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.In 1891, a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics. She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland. She began working in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together. They received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 along with another scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911, this time for Chemistry. Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time who became famous as a scientist.25. The author believes that women scientists ________.A. have more opportunities to become successfulB. can not get the highest honors in the worldC. go through difficulties to be successfulD. had better pay more attention to their families26. Mary Anning was one of the first women to _________.A. win the Nobel Prize for Science after getting marriedB. make achievements in the study of ancient EarthC. research animals and their bonesD. study the mystery of all kinds of plants27. Mary Anning failed to be famous for her discoveries of fossils when she was 12 because ________.A. nobody recognized themB. they weren’t worth studyingC. she didn’t want to be known to anyoneD. she sold them for money28. What’s the passage mainly ab out?A. Ancient discoveries.B. Women scientists.C. Successful marriages.D. Different prizes.CPeople joke that no one in Los Angeles reads; everyone watches TV, rents videos, or goes to the movies.The most popular reading material is comic books,movie magazines,and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic that car washes have. But how do you explain this?A yearly book festival in west Los Angeles is booming year after year. People wait half an hour for a parking space to become available.This outdoor festival, sponsored by a newspaper, occurs every April for one weekend. This year’s attendance was estimated at 70, 000 on Saturday and 75, 000 on Sunday. The festival consisted of 280 exhibitors. There were about 90 talks given by authors, with an audience question-and-answer period following each talk. Autograph (亲笔签名)seekers sought out more than 150 authors. A short food street sold all kinds of popular food and various foreign foods, from American hamburgers to Hawaiian shave ice (刨冰) drinks. Except for a $7 parking fee, the festival was free. Even so, some people avoided the food street prices by staying away and having their own sandwiches and drinks.People came from all over California. One couple drove down from San Francisco. “This is our sixth year here now. We love it.” said the husband. “It’s just fantas tic to be in the great outdoors, to be among so many books and authors, and to get some very good deals, too.”The idea for the festival occurred years ago, but nobody knew if it would succeed. Although book festivals were already popular in other US citie s, would Los Angeles residents welcome one?“ The citizens of the city are very unpredictable,”said one of the festival founders.29. The underlined sentence in the first paragraph suggests that_________.A. city libraries have a very limited number of readersB. only a small proportion (比例) of the readers go to libraries by carC. city libraries provide fewer places for car washesD. city libraries have fewer parking places30. The outdoor book festival attracts__________.A. autograph seekers and authors onlyB. people with different interestsC. people who love Los AngelesD. people who like cooking31. At the very beginning, people were about the idea for the book festival in Los Angeles.A. confidentB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. indifferent32. The success of Los Angeles book festival shows that________.A. book reading is still popular in Los AngelesB. Los Angeles people prefer library to book festivalC. people attend the book festivals for fun not for readingD. libraries should have food streets to attract more readersDAggressive pedestrians are in fact as dangerous as careless drivers. They cause traffic accidents, injury and death.These dangerous walkers can be seen in any big city all over the world. About 69% of last year’s pedestrian deaths in the US occurred in urban areas. They cross streets ignoring “DON’T WALK” signals, suddenly appear without warning from behind parked vehicles, walk slowly at crossroads with cell phones attached to heads, blocking traffic.These pedestrians and drivers share a common disregard(忽视)for the rules of the road, both for selfish reasons. The drivers believe in the power of their machines. If their machines can gofaster, they believe they have the right to go faster. If their machines are bigger, they believe they have the right to push smaller vehicles aside. Aggressive pedestrians, on the other hand, believe in the primacy of the individual, the idea that they are first in any environment, under any circumstances, even when they are on foot in a roaring tide of steel and rubber.Last year, an estimated 5,220 pedestrians died in traffic accidents. Some 69,000 pedestrians were injured. On average, that worked out to one pedestrian killed in a traffic crash every 101 minutes, and one injured every eight minutes.The good news is that the accident rate is dropping. For example, the number of pedestrians killed last year was 24 percent less than the number killed in traffic accidents a decade earlier. The bad news is that the basic causes of pedestrian deaths remain pretty much the same—disregard for traffic signals, inattention and crossing roads under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Alcohol, in fact, was involved in 46 percent of the traffic accidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths. Of those, 31 percent of the pedestrians were found to be drunk.The bottom line is that the pedestrians must do more to protect their lives as well as the lives of other road users. They can start by obeying traffic signals, using marked cross-walks and callinga cab when they’ve had too much to drink.33. The passage is mainly about _______.A. how aggressive pedestrians cause traffic accidentsB. why so many Americans were killed on roads last yearC. what the traffic rules of the road about pedestrians wereD. who are to blame for pedestrian deaths, drunk drivers or the aggressive pedestrians34. What is the pedestrians’ selfish reason for traffic jams?A. They know all drivers are skilled and with great care.B. They believe individuals are always first.C. They think traffic rules have nothing to do with them.D. They guess all vehicles will slow down at crossroads.35. What word can best describe the author’s attitude to the traffic accidents caused by pedestrians?A. Excited.B. Cold.C. Concerned.D. Unconnected.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。