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Unit5 First aid-语法篇__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________1.学会if引导的省略句的用法；能够使用if引导的省略句的知识点作对相关题目, 灵活使用。
省略句状语从句中的省略用法一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致, 且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were）可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。
1.when.while引导的时间状语从句e.g.当你过马路的时候一定要小心。
Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.在我去工作的路上, 我遇见了她。
When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.2.i..unless, once引导的条件状语从句e.g.I.(i.is.properl.treated.wast.wil.d.n.har.t.th.environment.我不会去晚会的, 除非我被邀请。
I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.一旦你在超市里被抓到偷东西, 你会受到惩罚的。
Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3.though.although.whether.n.matte.whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句e.g.他很开心，尽管他很贫穷。
He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.他虽然年轻但懂得很多。
重点词汇短语细解一、重点词汇细解1．contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿(1)contribute sth. to 把某物捐献给……contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿make a contribution/contribution 对……做出贡献Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。
I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year.我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章,对新的一年进行预测。
I’m sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.我相信你的建议一定有助于问题的解决。
The government should honor the engineer for the contribution he has made to the city’s development. 政府应为那位工程师对这座城市的发展所做出的贡献给予他荣誉。
Her contribution to the research went largely unacknowledged.她对这项研究的贡献大都被忽略了。
We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.我们给饥荒赈济基金捐了款。
His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。
名师语法课堂：过去分词作定语和表语用法详解概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed tocholera. (inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killedpeople.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affectedperson died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的斜体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。
那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为：不定式（to d o）、动词-ing形式（doing）和过去分词（done）。
高中必修一到必修五主要语法点必修一：直接引语和间接引语(宾语从句)；现在进行时表将来；定语从句必修二：定语从句(非限定定从、定从中的介词前提)；被动语态(一般将来时、现在完成时及现在进行时的被动语态) 必修三：情态动词；名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句)必修四：主谓一致；非谓语动词(V-ing) ；构词法必修2 第一单元,非限制性定语从句的第二单元一般将来时的主被动第三单元现在完成时的主被动第四单元现在进行时的主被动第五单元介词+which/whom的用法必修3 一二单元情态动词的用法三单元宾语从句和表语从句四单元主语从句五单元同位语从句必修4 第一单元主谓一致第二单v-ing作主语和宾语的用法第三单元v-ing作表语,定语和宾语补足语第四单元v-ing作状语第五单元构词法必修5 第一单元过去分词作定语和表语第二单元过去分词作宾语补足语第三单元过去分词作状语第四单元倒装句第五单元省略句必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship一、重点短语1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话2. set down 记下，放下3. a series of 一系列4 on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 为了6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻7. face to face 面对面8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动）join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事二、语法----直接引语和间接引语概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。
必修五Unit 2 The United Kingdom重点词组：1.keep your eyes open 睁大你的眼睛2. consist of由…组成3. leave out省去不考虑遗漏4.divide into 分成5. prepare to 准备pare A with B 与…比compare A to B 把A比作B7.work out 做出解决设计出计算出锻炼开采完发展进行work on对..起作用；企图影响或说服，忙于work in 在…工作work off 渐渐消除处理排除卖掉发泄8.asked the boss on the phone 通过9. a furnished house with all modern conveniences 一个带家具的房子有所有的现代方便的设施10.familiar with熟悉11. worried about the time available担忧时间不够12.make a list of 列出关于…的清单13. on special occasions 在特殊的场合14.the four-hundred-year-old uniform 有四百年历史的制服定语不加“s”15.set the world time设置世界时间16. on either side of the line 在线的两端17. fall asleep入睡18.with delight 十分喜悦的一、句型集锦1. Why are you unwilling to accept this wonderful opportunity?Opportunity时机，时机搭配：Opportunity for/of…..的时机Opportunity to do…..做…的时机Catch/seize/take an opportunity抓住时机Give/offer an opportunity提供时机Lose/miss an opportunity错失时机Give up an opportunity放弃时机Eg. You’ll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.There was no opportunity for further discussion.Chance与opportunity辨析Chance〔时机〕强调其偶然性，含有侥幸的意味。
必修5 Unit 2 the United KingdomGrammar 一过去分词作宾语补足语学习目标：让学生熟悉并掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。
学习重点难点：熟记过去分词作宾语补足语的用法，能自己独立完成相关练习。
自我观察1. a. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.b.To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully.c.Have you ever heard thv song sung in Chinese?d.We'd like to see the problems solved within seven days.2. a. When she visited Beijing,she had a photo taken .b.They were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom.c.You must make yourself respected.3. a. The teacher wanted the problem discussed at the moment.b.My cell phone has broken down and I would like it repaired soon.c.The manager wished those letters typed as soon as possible.知识点小结：以上例句中的过去分词在句中作宾语补足语,它们与句子宾语之间的关系为逻辑上的被动关系或完成关系。
（1）在第一组句子中，see, hear和find为可以跟过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语的感官动词。
Section_ⅢGrammar—_倒装语法图解探究发现①Here comes my list of dos and don'ts ...②Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.③They have a good knowledge of English but little do they know about German.④Only then did I realize I was wrong.⑤Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard.⑥Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself.⑦Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.⑧So fast did he run that I couldn't follow him.[我的发现](1)倒装句有两种情况：一种为完全倒装；一种为部分倒装。
例句①为完全倒装；其余为部分倒装。
(2)否定副词(如never, neither, nor, little, hardly等)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。
例句②③就属于这类情况。
(3)only后接状语(可为单个副词、介词短语，也可以为从句)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。
如例句④⑤⑥⑦。
(4)例句⑧为so ...that ...结构。
若“so＋形容词/副词”位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
一、倒装的定义在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。
Module1 单元语法详解复习动词时态一、一般现在时1. 表示现在或经常性的动作或状态。
常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day 等时间状语连用。
I often read books in my spare time.业余时间我经常看书。
2. 表示现在的情况或状态。
I enjoy computer games.我喜欢电脑游戏。
3. 表示客观事实或普遍真理。
The earth revolves around the sun.地球围着太阳转。
4. 在时间、让步和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
You'll make great progress if you work hard!如果你努力学习，就会取得很大进步。
5. 表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事，这类动词或词组有go, come, leave, start, begin, open, close, arrive, take off等，其后常跟有表示将来的时间状语。
The train leaves at 7:25 this evening.火车今晚7：25开。
例1单句填空I will be a nurse and look after patients when I (grow) up.思路分析：当主句为一般将来时时，时间状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
答案：grow例2单句填空Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dreams. It somewhat (bother) us.思路分析：根据时间状语Around two o'clock every night可知设空处应使用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。
答案：bothers二、现在进行时1. 现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。
人教版高中英语必修五知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习过去分词作宾语补足语概念引入上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。
看这些句子：1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the UnitedKingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.3. You find most of the population settled in the south.4. They found the window broken.5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。
用法讲解宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点，许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语，它的作用是什么，所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起，重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。
什么是宾语补足语英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外，还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整，这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型（见【补充】）中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。
宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。
宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。
1. 作补足语的词语：1）We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。
1. As you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.
如同你可以想象的到的，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，是很严重的。
这个句子包含了一个由as引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。
且这样子使用时，as一般置于句首。
由as引导的还有as is known to all，as everyone knows等。
E．g：As is known to all，we should study hard.正如大家知道的，我们要好好学习。
2.Burns are called first,second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are
burned.
depending on….是现在分词作后置定语，修饰的是burns.
被修饰的名词于作定语的动词为主动关系，表示该动作正在进行或于主句动作同时发生，或是经常性行为时，用现在分词做定语。
E．g:The girl standing here is my sister.站在那里的女孩是我姐姐。
3.Take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.
unless 作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，作“除非…..否则”讲，相当于if…not 。
注意①在unless引导的从句里，谓语用一般现在时，不用一般将来时。
（主将从现）
②在引导的从句里，当主语与从句主语是同一人或物，且有系动词时，从句主语与系动词可省略。
E.g：You never play well unless you practice more.你若不多练，永远都弹不好。
语法：省略Ellipsis
为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。
这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）
A．功能词的省略
1．代词的省略
I went to the market, and (I) returned home within an hour. 我去了市场，一小时之内就回来了。
2．连词的省略
I believe (that) you will succeed．我相信你们会成功的。
3．关系词的省略
I'll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。
4．不定式符号的省略
I hope to finish my job and (to) go back home. 我希望做完事回家。
若不定式后边有be和have，不可省去
E．g：I want to be a translator.我要当一名翻译。
7．介词的省略
He went (in) that way. 他往那边去了。
B．句子成分的省略
Hope so. 希望如此。
（= I hope so.）注意：
2．省略谓语
Just a moment, please. 请等一会儿。
（= Just wait a moment, please.）
3．省略表语
Are you ready Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗？我准备好了。
（am后面省略了表语ready）
4．省略宾语
We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们必须分析问题解决问题。
宾从中有两个并列从句时，第二个that不可省去。
e.g:I found （that）he is tall and that she is short.我发现他很高和她很矮。
、状语从句中的省略用法
一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式
（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。
1、 when，while引导的时间状语从句
e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.
. 2、 if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句
e.g. I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.
3、 though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句
e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.
4、 as if，as though引导的方式状语从句
e.g. He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）
二、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：
通常省略了it is，that is，there is/are。
e.g. If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt.
Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法
关系词的省略关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。
e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.
Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略
1、当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。
e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher, I would be strict w ith my students.
2、 Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的从句中，谓语动词常用―should+动词原形‖，should可以省
略。
e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.。
