一般将来时态精讲
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一般将来时态精讲
TPMK standardization office TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18 一般将来时态精讲
(一)一般将来时(de)定义
一般将来时表示将来某个时间所发生动(de)作或存在(de)状态,也可表示将来经常或反复发生(de)动作,经常与表示将来(de)时间状语连用, 如:soon,
tomorrow,next week, in a few days等.例如:Where will you be this time
tomorrow 明天这个时候你会在那儿
1. 表示将要发生(de)动作或存在(de)状态.例如:
I will return the book in a few days. 我过几天会还这本书.
2. 表示将来经常或反复发生(de)动作.例如:
They will go to the park every Sunday. 他们将每周日去公园.
(二)一般将来时(de)构成
一般将来时由“助动词shall/will+动词原形”构成.系动词am, is, are都用动词原形be.
1. shall用于第一人称后表示一般将来时,一般只限于肯定句和否定句中.shall通常用于第一人称后,由其构成(de)一般疑问句用来询问对方(de)意见,这时(de)shall不含将来含义,也不可被will替代.例如:
There’s no one to answer the phone. What shall we do 没有人接,我们该怎么办 2. 美国英语中,不论什么人称和数,一律用“will+动词原形”.在口语中,will常缩写为’ll,与主语连写在一起.如:I’ll, you’ll, he’ll, she’ll, we’ll,
they’ll;而shall not常缩写为shan’t,will not常缩写为won’t.
(三)一般将来时(de)结构
1. 肯定句 :主语+shall\will+动词原形.
I shall\will work next year. 明年我将要工作了.
2. 否定句 :主语+shall\ will+not+动词原形.
I won’t tell anyone what you said. 你说(de)话我不会告诉任何人.
3. 一般疑问句 :Shall\Will+主语+动词原形
—Will you leave for Beijing next week 下周你将前往北京吗
—Yes, I will. 是(de),我将要去. No, I won’t. 不,我不去.
4. 特殊疑问句
“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”(de)语序,也就是“疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他成分”.如果是对主语提问,则主语就不在句子中出现.例如:
Who will leave for Beijing next week 下周谁将前往北京
(四)There be 句型(de)一般将来时
There be 句型(de)一般将来时There will be表示“将来有……”. 1. 肯定句:There will be+ 物+ 介词短语+其他.例如:
There will be cars in people’s home in the future..将来人们(de)家里会很多(de)小汽车.
2. 否定句:There won’t be + 物+介词短语+ 其他.例如:
There won’t be any trees in this place in two years.两年后这个地方就不会有树了.
3. 疑问句:Will there be +物+介词短语+其他 例如:
—Will there be less pollution 将来会有更少(de)污染吗
—Yes, there will.是(de),会(de).
—No, there won’t. 不,不会.
(五)be going to 表示将来
1.用来表示按计划或安排要发生(de)动作
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会.
2.表示推测将要或肯定会发生(de)动作,有“准备;打算”(de)意思.含有be
going to 结构(de)句子中往往有表示将来(de)时间状语.例如:
Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云,快要下雨了. 结构:
肯定句:主语 + be(am,is,are) + going to do sth.
否定句:主语 + be(am,is,are)+ not + going to do sth.
疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+ 主语 + going to do sth
Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.
They are going to see the car factory next week. (肯定句)
They are not going to see the car factory next week. (否定句)
-Are they going to see the car factory next week
-Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.) (一般疑问句及其回答)
注意:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面(de)be不能改为have.) 常用来表示将有某事发生.例如:
There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛.
(六) come, go, leave, arrive,take等表示位置移动(de)动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生(de)动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用.例如:
Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来.
(七)be going to 和will(de)区别 1. will表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生(de)事,不含任何具体(de)时间,可以指遥远(de)将来;而be going to 指有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生,通常指很快就要发生(de)事情.2. be gong to 和will均可表示意图,但事先考虑过(de)意图用be going to,不是事先考虑过(de)意图用will.
一般将来时练习
一、单项选择
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be
D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to
working D. won’t work
( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is;
will be
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have C. will have D.
is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow – No. I ________ free
the day after
tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D.
give
( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you –________. (不,不要.)
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t.
D. No, please.
( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper – I ________ it for you
at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be
D. There are
( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would
have
( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is
going to give
( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.
A. writes B. has written C. will write D.