中考语法专题宾语从句1
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中考宾语从句知识点总结一、认识宾语从句宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的从句,用来回答及物动词的宾语,由代词、副词连接词或连接词加从属连词引导。
二、宾语从句的分类1. 宾语从句的引导词(1)连接代词:that, whether, who, whom, whose, which, what(2)连接副词:when, where, why, how2. 宾语从句的种类(1)主语从句(2)宾语从句(3)表语从句(4)定语从句三、宾语从句的好处1. 可以用一个词来代替较长或复杂的句子,使语言简练。
2. 可以使句子结构更加清晰,增加句子对比。
四、宾语从句在句子中的位置1. 宾语从句可以紧跟在及物动词之后,作及物动词的宾语。
2. 宾语从句还可以放在介词之后,作介词的宾语。
五、宾语从句的使用方法1. 动词+that从句如:I know that he is good at playing basketball.(I know + that从句)2. 动词+if/whether从句如:Can you tell me if/whether she is at home?(Can you tell me + if/whether从句)3. 动词+wh-从句如:I don’t know where he is.(I don’t know + where从句)4. 动词+不定式短语+宾语从句如:He wants to know what he should do. (He wants to know + what从句)5. 动词+介词+宾语从句如:He is thinking of what he can do to help. (He is thinking of + what从句)六、宾语从句练习题1. —Do you know _______?—Yes, I know _______.A. what is he doing; what he is doingB. what he is doing; what is he doingC. what he is doing; what he doesD. what does he do; what he does答案:B2. Could you tell me _______?A. what’s his nameB. what his name isC. what his nameD. what is his name答案:B3. I can’t see _______ too dark in the room.A. becauseB. because ofC. whyD. what答案:D4. The teacher asked the student _______ the day before.A. did he comeB. if he cameC. whether he cameD. he came答案:C七、宾语从句的注意事项1. 宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致。
第一讲宾语从句【思维导图】◆that 引导的宾语从句◆疑问代词引导的宾语从句宾语从句◆疑问副词引导的宾语从句◆if &whether引导的宾语从句【核心考点】核心考点 1. that 引导的宾语从句【考点归纳】(1)由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.(2)从句要用陈述句语序。
(3)从句时态要与主句保持一致。
(4)宾语从句的否定转移。
如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine等词时,且主句的主语为第一人称,若后面的宾语从句要表示否定概念时,一般讲否定词not 转移到主句的谓语中。
I don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。
核心考点 2. 疑问代词引导的宾语从句.【考点归纳】由疑问代词(连接代词)who, whom, whose, what, which引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词在宾语从句中充当某个成分,不可省略。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?核心考点 3. 疑问副词引导的宾语从句.【考点归纳】由疑问副词(连接副词)when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分,不可省略。
例如:I don’t know why the train is late.核心考点 4. if &whether引导的宾语从句.【考点归纳】由if或whether引导的宾语从句,If和whether在句中的意思是―是否‖。
例如:He asked me whether (if) I could help him.He doesn’t know ________ they will plant trees on Saturday or not.A. weatherB. whetherC. ifD. that【中考真题解析】【2012黔西南】23.Do you know _________ Zunyi or not tomorrow?A. whether are they leaving forB. whether they are leaving forC. if they are leaving forD. if are they leaving for【解析】B. 考查宾语从句。
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】宾语从句中考高频考点总结(讲义)九年级英语教研室整理一、概念在句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
二、语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序,即“主句✝连接词✝宾语从句(主语+谓语+其他)”。
当疑问代词what/who 在特殊疑问句中做主语时,特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序,在变成宾语从句后不必调整语序。
The teacher wants to know,"Who broke the window?"The teacher wants to know who broke the window.三、连接词(1) 当宾语从句为陈述句时,用that引导,that无词义,在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用,常常可以省略。
(2) 以if 或 whether 引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,这类从句是由一般疑问句形式或选择疑问句形式的直接引语转化而来。
注意:一般情况下,if 和whether 可以互换,但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾语时,只用whether。
eg, We are talking about whether we'll go there.b. 连接词与动词不定式连用时,只用whether.eg, He can't decide whether to go to Lucy's birthday party.c.连接词与or not连用时,只用whether.I don't know whether he will e here or not.(3) 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,连接词用特殊疑问词。
eg,Could you tell me where you e from?特殊情况:how与某些形容词或副词构成的词组也可以引导宾语从句,例如:how old,how long,how far等。
宾语从句1. 定义:在句中充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句。
2. 连接词:连接词是否有意义是否做成分是否可以省略that无意义在不影响句意的情况下,可省略从属连词whether,if 有意义,“是否”不作成分,从句完整不可省略连接代词who, whom,whose,what, which,whoever, whichever,whatever作成分,从句不完整连接副词when, where, why,how有意义作状语,句子完整不可省略3. that引导的宾语从句that引导宾语从句时,由于只起连接作用,本身没有意义,所以常常省略,特别是在believe, think, know, say等动词的后面。
Eg: He believed (that) that man was a criminal.The girl knows (that) her parents won’t lie to her.Do you think (that) our team will win the game.There is no doubt (that) it’s going to rain soon.4. if、whether引导的宾语从句(1)if、whether引导宾语从句时,意为“是否”,不可省略Eg: I don’t know if/whether he will come.Bill wondered if/whether he could get some advice from his friends.(2)一般情况下,if和whether可互换使用,但在以下情况通常用whether,不用if① 当宾语从句位于主句之前Eg: Whether they can help you, I’m not sure.② 与or连用时Eg: I wonder whether he will pick me up or not.③ 与动词不定式连用时Eg: They don’t decide whether to visit their teachers.④ 作介词的宾语时Eg: It depends on whether we can get the permission.5. 连接代词引导的宾语从句连接代词who, whom,whose, what, which, whoever, whichever, whatever具有意义,除了连接主从句外,还在从句中充当句子成分,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
中考宾语从句总结知识点宾语从句是从句的一种,用来充当及物动词的宾语。
在英语语法中,宾语从句使用的频率非常高,因此掌握宾语从句的用法和构成方式对于学好英语语法非常重要。
一、宾语从句的构成宾语从句通常由连词that,whether,if,what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why等引导,其中that是最常用的引导词。
1.如果宾语从句是一般陈述句,则可以使用that引导。
例如:I know that he is a good student.2.如果宾语从句是疑问句,则要根据具体的情况选择合适的连接词来引导。
例如:I wonder whether/if he will come.3.如果宾语从句是选择疑问句,则可以使用whether...or, which, who, whom等引导。
例如:Tell me whether he will go to the cinema or stay at home.4.如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句,则可以使用what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why等引导。
例如:I don’t know what time the party will start.二、宾语从句的位置宾语从句通常位于及物动词的宾语位置,即及物动词后面。
例如:I believe that he is telling the truth.但采用一些特殊的及物动词,宾语从句也可以放在动词前面。
例如:I wonder if he will come.三、宾语从句的时态和语态宾语从句的时态和语态通常依据主句的时态和语态来确定。
例如:He said that he had finished his homework.(宾语从句的时态是main clause中的过去完成时)They know what should be done. (宾语从句的时态是一般现在时,因为should引导表示助动词应该)四、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序通常为陈述句的语序。
【定义】宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句,常常位于及物动词或介词之后,作宾语。
宾语从句的引导词是由宾语从句的句子类型决定的,宾语从句中的时态由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定。
宾语从句三要苏: 引导词;语序;时态●宾语从句引导词有1)连词that/whether/if,2)关系代词what/who/whose/which3)关系副词when/where/how/why等。
●宾语从句的语序【知识归纳】一、宾语从句的引导词引导词用法例句that本身无意义,只起连接作用(口语中可省去) 当宾语从句是陈述句时I really believe(that)Tom will help us.我确实相信汤姆会帮助我们。
If/ whether.. (or not)是否当宾语从句是一般疑问句时I’m not sure if I’ ll have time.我不敢肯定我是否会有时问。
连接代词what,who,which,whose, whom(在从句中充当一定成份作主语,宾语,定语等)当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时I’d like to know what you want best.我想知道你最想要什么东西。
连接副词where,how,when,why(在从句中通常作状语)当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时Please tell me when you were born.请告诉我你是何时出生的。
❖即学即练:1.It all depends on _______ they will do their best or not.2.I made up my mind I would find out ______ was good in my presentsituation.3.He has made it clear _______ he will not give in.4.Reading for his biography(自传), I was lost in admiration for ______语法专题12宾语从句教师版Steven Jobs had achieved.5.We now realize ______ important family are and how improtant to benear them.6.Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ______ should behunted or fathered from the wild.7.What students do at college seems to matter much more than _____ theygo.8.I'm not sure ______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩).9.Please hold on to ________ you are strong and try to improve the weaksubjects.10.The young couple was having an arguement about _______ turn it wasto do the cooking.填空题答案:1.Whether2. What3. That4. What5. How6. What7. Where8. Who9. Where 10. Whose二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句意义,一律用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语”结构。
2024届中考英语专题复习之宾语从句用法归纳宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它通常作为动词或形容词的宾语出现。
在考试中,宾语从句也是一个常见的考点。
下面我将对宾语从句进行总结,以便大家更好地掌握这一语法知识。
一、宾语从句的定义宾语从句是一个名词性从句,它在句中通常作为动词或形容词的宾语出现。
例如:I saw the movie yesterday.(我昨天看了这部电影。
)She is very beautiful.(她非常漂亮。
)在这个例子中,“the movie”和“she”都是宾语从句,分别作为动词“saw”和形容词“beautiful”的宾语。
二、宾语从句的分类宾语从句可以分为直接宾语从句和间接宾语从句两种。
直接宾语从句直接宾语从句通常出现在及物动词后面,作为动词的直接宾语。
例如:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书。
)She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)在这个例子中,“a book”和“books”都是直接宾语从句,分别作为动词“give”和“like”的直接宾语。
间接宾语从句间接宾语从句通常出现在及物动词后面,作为动词的间接宾语。
例如:He sent me a book.(他给我发了一本书。
)She likes to read books for pleasure.(她喜欢为了娱乐而读书。
) 在这个例子中,“me”和“for pleasure”都是间接宾语从句,分别作为动词“send”和“like”的间接宾语。
直接宾语从句和间接宾语从句是宾语从句中的两种类型,它们在语法上有一些区别。
下面我将介绍如何区分这两种宾语从句。
有些动词可以同时充当直接宾语和间接宾语,例如“lend”和“give”。
在这种情况下,直接宾语从句和间接宾语从句没有区别。
例如:He lent me a book.(他把书借给我了。
)He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书。
中考英语专项复习专题【宾语从句】(附例题以及答案)本章节内容:1. 宾语从句概述(时态,语序,引导词)2.宾语从句的注意点3.宾语从句解题技巧宾语从句为中考的必考点,主要在单项选择题中考查,侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。
一般至少会涉及两个考查点。
①引导词相同,语序和时态不同;②时态一致,语序和引导词不同。
而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及,如I wonder,Would/Could you please tell me.,Can you tell me,Do you know,I don’t know等等。
考生在做此类试题时,首先从语序着手,宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序,即:主语+谓语+宾语+其他;再从时态考虑,一般情况下,宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致,但是,如果有明显的时间状语,要以时间状语来判断时态;最后,再根据答语来判断疑问词。
1宾语从句概述2注意点(1)否定转移当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。
I don’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。
(2)宾语从句的简化①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。
I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。
②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。
2024年中考英语语法专题学习之宾语从句宾语从句是初中英语中的一个重点内容,它是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
宾语从句是一个句子,作为另一个句子的宾语出现。
在初中英语学习中,宾语从句的学习对于提高语言表达水平非常重要。
下面,我将就宾语从句的概念、类型、用法等方面进行讲解。
一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它是名词性从句的一种。
在复合句中,宾语从句充当宾语的角色,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序,即主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+)句式。
例如:“that”、“whether”、“who”、“whom”、“whose”、“what”等。
二、宾语从句的类型主语从句:主语从句是一个句子,作为整个句子的主语出现。
主语从句是一个句子,作为整个句子的主语出现。
在英语语法中,主语从句通常由一个引导词引导,例如:“that”、“whether”、“who”、“whom”、“whose”、“what”等。
主语从句可以代替主句,用于简化句子,也可以用于表示条件、原因、结果等。
例如:Whether you like it or not, you need to finish your homework.(你喜欢也好,不喜欢也好,你都需要完成你的作业)The question is whether we will be able to finish the project on time.(问题是我们是否能按时完成这个项目)I don’t know who will win the race.(我不知道谁会赢得比赛)主语从句在英语语法中是非常重要的一部分,掌握主语从句的使用规则对于提高语言表达水平非常重要。
在学习主语从句的过程中,我们应该注重理解主语从句的概念、类型和用法,并结合具体的语境进行练习和应用。
宾语从句1.宾语从句的概念。
在主从复合句中,置于动词、介词等后面,充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。
无论何时宾语从句都是陈述语序,即引导词(连接词)+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分。
引导宾语从句的连接词有that, whether, if, what, whose, why, when等。
2.宾语从句的结构。
连接词He knew who sang best in his class.动词从句who sang best in his class放在动词knew后面,作宾语,who是引导该从句的连接词。
句意为:他知道班上谁唱歌唱得最好。
连接词I agree with what you said just now.介词从句what you said just now放在介词with的后面,作宾语,what是连接词。
句意为:我同意你刚才说的话。
3.引导宾语从句的连接词。
1)that引导的宾语从句。
that引导的宾语从句没有词意,只起连接作用,用来引导意思完整的陈述句,可以省略。
that引导的宾语从句表示肯定的概念,如希望,相信,知道或说。
例句如下:1.I hear that he will be back in an hour. 我听说他会在一个小时后回来。
2.I hope that it will snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天会下雪。
3.I believe that we shall bee good friends. 我相信我们会成为好朋友。
2)whether/if引导的宾语从句。
whether/if引导的宾语从句词意为是否,在宾语从句中不作成分,不可省略。
通常可以互换,但是介词后面只能用whether,宾语从句中含有or not的只能用whether来引导,即whether和or not在宾语从句中为固定搭配,其他不含or not 的宾语从句可以用whether或if来引导。
例句如下:1.He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
2024年中考英语专题复习精练—宾语从句1中考真题1.(2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)—I wonder ________.—My best friend James.A.how can you spend the coming summer holidaysB.how you can spend the coming summer holidaysC.who will you spend the coming summer holidays withD.who you will spend the coming summer holidays with2.(2023·山东东营·统考中考真题)—Do you know ________?—It’s in the desert to the east of Cairo.A.what the new capital of Egypt (埃及) isB.where the new capital of Egypt isC.how big the new capital of Egypt isD.why Egypt is getting a new capital3.(2021·江苏南京市·中考真题)―Do you know ________, Alfred?—At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.A.when the end-of-term concert beganB.when did the end-of-term concert beginC.when the end-of-term concert will beginD.when will the end-of-term concert begin4.(2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题)—Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide________.—Why not take the high-speed railway? It’s fast and comfortable.A.who will he visitB.what he will doC.how he’s going thereD.whom is he going with5.—Peter, do you want to know something about Barcode(条形码)?—Yes, I am wondering ________.A.how old is the great inventionB.who came up with this codeC.that it can be used in the libraryD.what information does a Barcode include.6.I don’t know _________________________-he will come tomorrow, he comes, I will tell you.A.if; whetherB.whether; whetherC.whether; ifD.that, whether7.The police ____ still not sure ______ the young man killed himself or was killed.A.is, ifB.is, whetherC.are , whetherD.are, that8.All of us doubt ________ there will ________ next week.A.if; be snowyB.whether; be snowC.that; have snowD.whether; have snow9.Tom wonders ________.A.whether his uncle will come next weekB.whether will his uncle come next weekC.that his uncle will come next weekD.that will his uncle come next week10.—I’m not sure ________ my suggestion is helpful to you.—It certainly is. Every little bit helps.A.whyB.howC.whetherD.where1.【答案】D【详解】句意:——我想知道你打算和谁一起过暑假。
2024年初中英语语法专题复习之宾语从句考点归纳一.宾语从句的含义宾语从句是一个从句,它在句子中担任动词的宾语。
宾语从句的含义是:它承担的动作或状态是由另一个从句来承担的。
例如,“I saw the movie yesterday.”中的“the movie”就是动词“saw”的宾语从句,它表示的是“我昨天看到了那部电影”。
在主从复合句中,宾语从句起到重要的作用,能够帮助表达更加复杂的语义关系。
宾语从句在句中的作用是作为动词的宾语出现,并且常常与主语、谓语等构成完整的句子。
宾语从句在句中起到补充说明的作用,它提供了更多的信息,帮助主句表达更加完整的意思。
例如,“I don’t like coffee. I drink tea instead.”中的“instead”就是一个宾语从句,它说明了“我”选择喝茶的原因。
宾语从句还可以在句中充当其他成分,如主语、定语、状语等,丰富句子的表达二.宾语从句的分类宾语从句在英语语法中分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
动词的宾语从句:一个动词所表示的动作或状态是由另一个从句来承担的,这个从句就是动词的宾语从句。
例如,“I saw the movie yesterday.”中的“the movie”就是动词“saw”的宾语从句。
介词的宾语从句:一个介词所表示的意义是由另一个从句来承担的,这个从句就是介词的宾语从句。
例如,“At that moment, I realized I had left my wallet at home.”中的“at that moment”就是介词“at”的宾语从句。
形容词的宾语从句:一个形容词所表示的特征是由另一个从句来承担的,这个从句就是形容词的宾语从句。
例如,“The beautiful flowers in the garden mademe feel happy.”中的“beautiful”就是形容词“make”的宾语从句。
【英语】中考英语宾语从句20篇(附带答案解析)经典1一、初中英语宾语从句1.—Gina, I’d like to visit Alan tomorrow. Could you tell me ?—Sorry, I don’t know his address, either.A.where does he live B.where he lives C.where he lived D.where did he live 【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:-Gina,我明天想去看望Alan,你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?-对不起,我也不知道他的地址。
where does he live他住在哪里,是疑问句;where he lives他住在哪里,陈述句语序;where he lived一般过去时;where did he live疑问句,一般过去时。
根据句子结构可知,这里考查宾语从句,从句中应用陈述语序,故排除A和D。
could这里表示语气委婉,并非表示过去。
根据句意可知,这里说的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故选B。
2.—Excuse me, could you tell me ______?—Sorry, sir. I wasn’t there at that time.A.how did the accident happen B.how the accident happenedC.how does the accident happen D.how the accident happens【答案】B【解析】宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除A、C,看语境可知,发生在过去,用过去时态,选择B。
3.—I wonder ______.—She always cares much about others.A.how does Jane get on so well with her classmatesB.why Jane is generally liked by all the other classmatesC.if Jane is popular with her classmates【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:——我想知道为什么其他同学都喜欢简。
千里之行,始于足下。
2024年中考英语知识点宾语从句2024年中考英语知识点:宾语从句一、宾语从句概述:宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的同位语从句,它通常由连接代词、连接副词或连接词引导。
二、连接代词作宾语从句:连接代词有that、whether、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
1.引导词that:①that作为引导词时,既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导表语从句等。
例如:He knows that I am right.(宾语从句)The fact is that he is ill.(表语从句)②that可以省略,而不影响句意,但在较正式的场合,通常不省略。
例如:I know (that) she is a doctor.(省略that)2.连接代词whether:whether引导的宾语从句起连接作用,相当于连接代词that引导的宾语从句。
例如:I don't know whether he will come or not.3.连接代词who、whom、whose:who、whom、whose引导的宾语从句分别指人的主格、宾格和所有格。
例如:I don't know who he is.(宾语从句)Can you tell me whom he is talking to?(宾语从句)第1页/共3页锲而不舍,金石可镂。
Can you tell me whose book this is?(宾语从句)4.连接代词which:which引导的宾语从句分别修饰物主代词、量词、后置定语、介词等。
例如:I don't know which book you want.(宾语从句)Have you decided which one you like best?(宾语从句)5.连接代词what:what引导的宾语从句可以指代前面整个分句的内容,作为名词从句使用,并且在宾语从句中兼有与that相同的功能。
2020-2021年中考英语宾语从句专题(1)一、初中英语宾语从句1.—Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wondered .A.who was the letter from B.who was from the letterC.who the letter is from D.who the letter was from【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:——嗨,布鲁斯。
这是给你的一封信。
——谢谢。
我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。
考查宾语从句。
宾语从句需用陈述句语序,AB两项都是疑问句语序,可排除。
主句I wondered 是一般过去时,从句需用一般过去时,可排除C项;根据句意结构和语境,可知选D。
2.-Excuse me. Could you please tell me ____________?-Sure. There’s a bookstore on River Road.A.where I can get a dictionary B.if is there a bookstore on River Road C.where can I get a dictionary D.how could I get a dictionary【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:——打扰了。
你能告诉我,我在哪里能买到一本词典吗?——当然可以。
在沿江路上有一家书店。
where I can get a dictionary我在哪里可以买到一本词典,if is there a bookstore on River Road在沿江路是否有一家书店,where can I get a dictionary 我在哪里可以买到一本词典. how could I get a dictionary我如何能买到一本词典。
根据There’s a bookstore on River Road.可知此处询问地点,作为动词tell的宾语从句,故用陈述语序:疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语,故选A。
中考语法专题《宾语从句》一、宾语从句的概念和结构1. 在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
I like my teacher. (名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball. (动名词作宾语)I decide to study hard. (不定式作宾语)I know him. (代词作宾语)I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语)She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语)即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时,这个句子就叫宾语从句。
2. 结构:主句+ 连接词(引导词)+ 宾语从句I love what you gave me.宾语从句的类型:❖动词宾语从句:主语+ 动词+ 宾语从句此类动词有:say, tell, think, know, see, hear, hope, guess, find, feel 等如:I hope that our team will win the match.❖介词宾语从句:主语+ 谓语+ 介词+ 宾语从句如:I agree with what you said just now.❖形容词宾语从句:主语+ be + 形容词+ 宾语从句此类形容词有:afraid, sure, glad, sorry等如:I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.二、宾语从句三要素1. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序。
陈述句语序:主句+ 引导词+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分Helen says that she will learn French next year.引导词主语谓语【易错点】语序不变的情况:1. 疑问句的特殊语序①What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/What happened?②Which is the way to …?③Who引导的特殊疑问句且who做主语I don’t know what’s the matter?Can you tell me who is over there?2.感叹句You can’t imagine how sad I was yesterday.【典型例题】1. Excuse me, can you tell me _______?A. where is there a good place to liveB. where a good place is to liveC. where is a good place to liveD. where there is a good place to live【答案】D2. —Could you tell me _______?—Sure. Walk straight along this street and you'll find it.A. how can I get to the post officeB. where was the post officeC. which is the way to the post officeD. where the post office was【答案】C3. Do you know when ______ today.A. is the bookstore closedB. does the bookstore closeC. the bookstore closesD. is the bookstore closing【答案】C4. You can’t imagine ______ when they received these Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited【答案】B5. The manager came up to see _______.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what is the matterD. what the matter is【答案】C2.宾语从句的时态1、主现从不限(需要性原则)主句是一般现在时,从句不限时态,可根据需要选用任何时态。
中考英语语法复习宾语从句知识讲解一、宾语从句用法还是先来看英语的5种结构:主谓主谓宾主谓宾宾补主谓间宾直宾主系表其中有宾语的结构有3种.同主语从句类似, 主语从句是替代了主语的位置, 宾语从句则替代了宾语的位置, 跟在谓语后面.除了跟在谓语后面的宾语从句, 像主谓间宾直宾这种结构, 宾语从句也可以放在直宾的位置上, 由于无论间宾/直宾性质和宾语一样, 都属于名词, 那么宾语从句就等于还可以放在谓语动词+名词(间宾)的结构后面.虽然主系表中没有宾语, 但如果在这个结构后面跟一个从句的话, 也可以视为是宾语从句,不过这种情况有一个前提:主语一般是人, 表语部分是表达人的感情、心情的形容词(a.)【例】你学会了如何尊重别人, 我感到很开心.I'm glad that you have learned how to respect others.前半句“I'm glad”是一个完整的主系表结构, 连词that后面连接的也算是宾语从句综上, 宾语从句可以放在:①谓语动词后面②谓语动词+名词后面③主系表后面, 且主语-人, 表语-表达人感情的形容词.二、宾语从句的时态宾语从句比较特殊的一点, 是有时态需要注意:1.主过从过:主语用过去时, 从句也得用过去时.这里“过去时”不仅限于一般过去时一种, 之前也给大家介绍过, 带有“过去时”的时态还有:过去完成时、过去进行时等, 具体取决于从句原本想表达的内容的时态, 在此时态基础上往后退一级.【例】我知道他买了一辆新车.I knew that he bought a new car.I knew是主句的主谓, that后连接陈述句, he bought a new car是从句做宾语.主句I knew用的是一般过去时, 从句的原句原本是:he buy a new car(一般现在时), 按照主过从过的原则, 从句的时态在原句基础上往后退一级, 由一般现在时倒退成一般过去时:he bought a new car.我(那时)知道他已经买了新车.I knew that he had bought a new car.如果从句的原句是 he has bought a new car, 这里同理, 也在时态上倒退一级, 由原句的现在完成时倒退成过去完成时主句 I knew 意味着“我“那时就已经知道”他买了车“这个消息, ”买车“这事肯定是发生在”知道“这事之前, 而”知道“这件事又发生在过去, 两者时间点用图表示(通俗理解哈):2.主句是除了“过去时”以外的其它时态, 从句则根据其句意按照原本的时态写即可.三、that+宾语从句宾语从句的连词用法和主语从句相同。
2024年初中英语语法专题复习之宾语从句讲解宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它是在句子中作为宾语出现的一种从句。
宾语从句通常由连词引导,如that、whether、if、as、who、whom、whose、what、which等。
在句子中,宾语从句可以充当各种成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
例如,在句子“I don’t know who will win the race.”中,宾语从句“who will win the race”作为整个句子的宾语,充当了主语所扮演的角色。
又如,在句子“She asked me if I had seen her cat.”中,宾语从句“if I had seen her cat”作为整个句子的宾语,充当了表语所扮演的角色。
宾语从句在句子中的作用多种多样,它可以作为一个完整的句子,也可以作为其他句子的成分。
在学习英语语法时,掌握宾语从句的概念和用法是非常重要的。
宾语从句和定语从句都是英语语法中的重要概念,但它们在句子中的作用和用法上有所不同。
首先,宾语从句是作为一个完整的句子出现,它可以独立存在,可以作为主语、宾语、表语等成分,而定语从句则不能独立存在,它需要作为句子的一部分,通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,用于修饰名词或代词。
其次,宾语从句和定语从句在句子中的作用也不同。
宾语从句通常作为整个句子的宾语出现,充当了主语所扮演的角色,例如“I don’t know who will win the race.”中的“who will win the race”就是宾语从句;而定语从句则通常修饰名词或代词,例如“The book that I read last week is very interesting.”中的“that I read last week”就是定语从句。
最后,宾语从句和定语从句的引导词也不同。
宾语从句通常由连词引导,如that、whether、if、as、who、whom、whose、what、which等;而定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,如who、whom、whose、which等。
专题______ 宾语从句一定义:由一个句子来充当动词的宾语,这样的复合句叫宾语从句。
Eg1 He can speak English . (这是简单句,不是宾语从句)(动词)(名词宾语)Eg2 He says (that)he can speak English. (宾语从句)()(句子做_____语)二宾语从句的连接词(引导词):宾语从句通常由连接词来连接。
1. 所接从句为陈述句时,由_________连接。
(that在句中不作______,无_____,可______)Eg He says. He is a student. (合并为一句)He says (that)he is a student.2.所接从句为一般疑问句时,由_________或_________连接。
(if/whether当“是否”讲,在句中不作______,但有_____,_______省略。
)Eg He asks. Is he a student?(合并为一句)____________________________________.3. 所接从句为特殊疑问句时,用特殊疑问词连接。
特殊疑问词:who,whose.,whom,which,when,where,whathow,how many,how long,how soon,how often等。
(这些词在句中作成分,有意义,不可省略)Eg He wants to know. When will she come back?(合并为一句)He wants to know __________ she will come back.【考题链接】1. Will the 30th Olympic Games be held in London? Could you tell me?(合并成含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me ________ the 30th Olympic Games ________ be held in London?2. I wonder ______ you would like to come to my birthday party.A. thatB. whetherC. that ifD. that whether3. —Do you remember______ he came here?—Of course I do. His father drove him here.三宾语从句的时态:I. 一般情况下,宾语从句的时态要受到主句时态的限制,即要和主句的时态保持一致。
1). 当主句的谓语动词为现在时态(并非只指一般现在时,也可以是一般将来时,现在进行时等现在时态)时,从句的谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。
【例句】【考题链接】(1)Could you tell me how I ________(can)get to the drugstore?(2)Do you know where they _______(play)basketball now?2). 当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。
注意:过去时态并非只指一般过去时,只要是过去的时态形式即可。
注意以下这种结构:Could you tell me when I can leave ?“could” 在此表委婉语气,不是指过去时, 所以从句用“can” 而不能用“could”。
【考题链接】Tom said he______back in a week.A. will comeB. would comeC. comeD. comes3).当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时,从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制,都用一般现在时。
He says(said)that the earth goes around the sun.He says(said)that it is better to give than to receive.【考题链接】The teacher told us that light ______(travel)faster than sound.四宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序:陈述语序,即主谓语序。
判断正误He asks if he is a student.(陈述语序)He asks if is he a student. (疑问语序)合并为一句Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder ________________________________.When did he leave? I don’t know.→I don’t know _____________________________.【考题链接】(1)—We don’t know _____________.—It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he isB. if he lives hereC. where he comes fromD. which country is he from (2)—Could you tell me _____?—I live in Tai’an .A. where do you liveB. where were you bornC. where you bornD. where you were born (3)Can you tell me ______?A. how much does it costB. how much it isC. how much it costsD. both B and C五人称的变化和标点的使用1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。
“May I use your knife?” He asked me. →He asked me__________________________________. “Do you know her telephone number?” He asked.→He asked ___________________________.2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。
Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know _________________________________. Do you know? Where does he live? →Do you know _________________________________? 【考题链接】1)Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ i n 2002.A. where does she liveB. Where she livesC. where did she liveD. where she lived 2)Would you please tell me ________?A. when did he come homeB. where he would play footballC. if he had seen the filmD. why he didn’t w atch the game3. I don’t know when __________.A. will the train leaveB. the train will leaveC. would the train leaveD. the train leave提分技巧宾语从句用法口诀:宾语从句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how展风采。
展风采有三关:引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致,陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连。
特殊问句作宾从,原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意,人称、标点需注意。
当堂练习1. —Can you see ____?—No. Let’s go and have a look. Maybe we can help them.A. what was going on thereB. what are they doing thereC. what were they doin g thereD. what is going on there2. —Could you tell me ____ for the meeting yesterday?—Because the traffic was bad.A. why did you come lateB. why you came lateC. why do you come lateD. why you come late3. I don’t know________ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me?A. when we startB. when did we startC. when we wi ll startD. when will we start4. No one can be sure______ in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what man looked likeD. what man will look like5. Could you tell me ______?A. when will Mary come backB. when Mary comes backC. when Mary will come back6. —What time will Mr Brown be back to China?—Sorry. I don’t know______.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad7. —The light in his room is still on. Do you know ____________?—In order to prepare for the coming exam.A. if he works hardB. why he stays up so lateC. why is he so busyD. when he will stop working8. —Sorry, what did you say just now ?—I asked ______.A. when did he leaveB. where you have beenC. whom will you go withD. how I could get to the station9. She told me the sun ______ in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen10. Let me tell you __________________.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the carD. how much I spent on the car答案:1—5 DBCDC 6—10 DBDCD二、完成句子1. 你还记得这座桥是什么时候修建的吗?Do you still remember ________ this bridge ________ _________?2. 我实在想知道怎么能在网课期间取得更大进步。