高考英语语法之主谓一致的用法总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
它是英语语法中的重要内容，正确使用主谓一致有助于提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
下面是主谓一致的用法总结。
1.单数主语搭配单数谓语：- 例如：He runs every morning.- 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即动词加“-s”或者“-es”。
2.复数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：They run every morning.- 主语为复数时，谓语动词不加“-s”或者“-es”。
3.并列主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Tom and Jerry are good friends.- 并列主语由连词“and”连接时，谓语动词用复数形式。
4.具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Three days is enough.-具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语，常以复数形式表示。
5.集体名词的单数形式搭配单数谓语，但根据语境决定单复数：6. 由"one of + 复数名词"引导的主语，谓语动词用复数形式：- 例如：One of the students have won scholarships. (学生中有人获得了奖学金。
）- 此处的one of the students表示“其中一位学生”，主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
7.有些名词既可以作单数，又可以作复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式：- 例如：The news is interesting. (这个新闻很有趣。
）- 例如：The news are good. (这些消息很好。
）- 此处的news是一个例子，作为可数名词时，可以看作单数或复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式。
8. 在there be句型中- 例如：There is a cat on the table. (桌子上有一只猫。
）- 例如：There are two cats on the table. (桌子上有两只猫。
高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）I. 考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。
处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则：1. 语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。
a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2. 意义一致，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. ( 单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员)b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个数目)3. 邻近原则，即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
a. A man of abilities are needed.（动词are不与主语a man一致，而与其邻近的复形名词abilities 形式上一致。
二、主谓一致注意要点：1. 当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。
a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体，则要根据语法一致地原则，谓语动词用复数形式。
a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2. 如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时，其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
高考英语语法：主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致(或叫形式一致)，意义一致或就近一致①.语法一致: 主谓在语法形式上一致, 即主语是单数形式, 谓语用单数, 主语是复数形式, 谓语用复数②.意义一致: 根据主语的内在涵义的单复数确定谓语的单复数③.就近一致: 一个句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语和靠近它的那个主语保持人称和数的一致分述1.当主语是不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, anything等时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数a. Somebody is waiting for you outside.b. Nobody knows the answer.有些不定代词作主语时, 据意义确定谓语动词的单复数. 若不定代词所指为单数意义, 谓语用单数; 若不定代词所指为复数意义, 谓语用复数. 这类词有: all, some, any, more, most, half 等a. All are happy to hear the news.b. All that has to be done has been done.c. Most of the surface of the earth is covered by water.d. Half of the wood has been carried away.2.集体名词如: family, class, army, enemy,government, group, team等作主语时, 如果将其看作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数, 若看成其中的成员(个体), 则谓语动词用复数a. My family is a happy one. / All my family are music lovers.b. Our class is the best in our school. / The whole class are having a discussion about the problem.集体名词people, cattle, police, youth等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数a. The police are looking for the thief.b. Cattle are not allowed to graze here.3.代词none和neither作主语时, 谓语动词根据说话人的意思用单数或复数. 当说话人着眼于任何一个都不时, 谓语动词用单数; 当说话人着眼于全都不时, 谓语动词用复数a. None of them has a car. ( 他们没有一个人有汽车)b. None of them have a car. ( 他们都没有汽车)c. None of them knows the answer. ( 他们两个谁也不知道答案)d. None of them know the answer. ( 他们两个都不知道答案)4.bothand连接两个主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接两个主语时, 采取就近原则, 即谓语动词和靠近它的那个主语保持一致a. Both Tom and Jerry were late for school that day.b. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.c. Neither he nor I have forgotten for pay for the drinks.5.在There be和Here be结构中, 句子的主语在be之后, 如果主语不止一个, 那么谓语动词be与邻近的主语一致a. There is a desk, a table, three chairs in the room.b. There are three chairs, a desk and a table in the room.c. Here are two letters and a magazine for you.6.如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besi des, including, like, rather than, no less than, in addition to(除外)等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的形式只与主语有关, 而与其后的短语无关a. The teacher with three student s was in the classroom then.b. This book, as well as the other two books, is borrowed from our school library.c. None but Jim and Mike knows my secret.d. Seven people, including a policeman, were killed.7.表示时间, 长度, 距离, 金额, 价值, 重量, 容量等的复数名词作主语时, 通常作整体看待, 即表示总量或总和, 谓语动词用单数. 若把它们看作一个个的个体, 即强调其具体数量时, 谓语动词用复数形式a. Twenty years is a long time to us.b. Two hundred miles is not a long distance.c. Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.d. There are ten minutes left.8.在四则运算中, 谓语动词用单复数均可, 但单数形式更为多用a. Two and ten is / are twelve.b. Three times five is / are fifteen.9.动名词或动词不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit.b. Carving animal bones is not an easy job.10.主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数. 但若主语从句所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数a. What we need is more time.b. What we need are more doctors.11.以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数, 这类专有名词如: General Motors(通用汽车公司), the United Nations(联合国), the United States, the New York Times(纽约时报)等.a. The New York Times is published daily.b. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading among the young people.表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数, 如:the Andes(安第斯山脉), the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the West Indies(西印度群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼加拉大瀑布)12.有些形式为复数, 而意义为单数的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 这类名词如: news, works(工厂), politics(政治), physics(物理), mathematics(数学 )等13.以-s或-es结尾, 由对称的两部分构成的物体作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 这类物体如: trousers, glasses, jeans(牛仔裤), scissors(剪刀), shades(太阳镜)等. 如果这类名词前用了pair, 则谓语动词的数取决于pair的数a. Here is a pair of glasses for you.b. There are three pairs of jeans in the bag.14. 分数或百分数+ of + 名词作主语时, 谓语动词视名词的可数与否采用单数或复数a. Over three quarters of the city was destroyed in the war.b. 35 percent of the do ctors are women.c. Thirty percent of the workers are out of work now.d. One third of the water has been wasted.15.用and连接两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 如果and连接的两个名词指的是同一人、事、物或概念( 如: a knife and f ork一副刀叉, the bread and butter奶油面包, my house and home我的家)时, 则谓语动词用单数a. Many books and a pen are on the desk.b. The pianist and composer (钢琴家兼作曲家) has come to this small town.16. the + adj.表示一类人或事物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. the +adj.若表示抽象概念或品质, 则谓语用单数a. The old in the city are taken good care of.b. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美给我们以快乐17.more than one和many a + 单数名词作主语时, 谓语用单数a. Many a student has won the prize.很多学生获了奖b. More than one person has made the same mistake.不止一人犯了同样的错误。
