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• skills to work as secretaries, or automobile mechanics, etc. after graduation. As for the handicapped children (blind, deaf, crippled, etc.) special programs are provided in some schools. • A high school teacher usually has majored in the field of his or her special interest and in addition, he or she may have a MA degree in education.
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• that connects secondary schools and universities. These institutions now seems to be an accepted and legitimate合法的 part of higher education in all the 50 states.
• Elementary and Secondary Education
• In the United States of America many children begin their school education at the age of six. Most state schools offer ten years of education and some twelve. Students usually graduate from high school at age of 18. Five-year-old children have one year of preschool training in many schools. The academic year lasts nine months, from September to June,
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• Each state in the US has its laws about education. Some laws are similar while others are different. However, all states require young people to attend school. The age limits vary from state to state.
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• British and American education aims to develop fully the abilities of individuals, both young and old, for their own benefits and the society as a whole. Schooling is compulsory up to the age of 16 in both countries. The world famous Oxford University was established in 1167 while Harvard University in 1636. There is a complete private educational system in the UK, whereas there is not at all in the US, although one-fourth of the American universities are private. The age for beginning is five years old in the UK, six in the USA and seven in China few years ago.
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• Introduction to American Education
• Education has been greatly respected throughout history of United States. The distinctive feature ofis its “emphasis education of the masses rather than on education of intellectuals.” the the on the
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• There is no entrance exam. In high school, a student will study English literature and composition, social science, mathematics, laboratory experiments and foreign languages, as well as art, music and physical education. • In most high schools, apart from general education, there is also vocational training for specific occupations. Through this kind of training, students may obtain enough
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• with winter and spring vacations. Classes are held five days a week, from Monday to Friday. • In elementary schools, courses for children include reading, writing and there are also social courses, such as history, geography, and civics市政 学 of government, science, art and music. Students can also learn cooking and manual skills such as carpentry and sewing. They can do physical exercises on the playground or in gymnasiums.
• Teachers in this kind of college are those who have master’s degrees and who are devoted to teaching and less interested in research and scholarly writing than those at universities.
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• The administration of the teaching profession is complex. A teacher who is qualified in one state may not be qualified in other, as each state has its own arrangements for training teachers. Generally speaking, an elementary school teacher must have a BA degree with a major (academic studies in a particular field) in education. Education may be respected and high valued, but teachers are not. Their pay and prestige are low in comparison with the general standard of living. • When a pupil has finished his or her elementary middle school education, he or she goes to high school automatically.
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• Higher Education
• There are over 2000universities, colleges or other institutions in the United States of America. The term “college” refers to an institution requiring a secondary school certificate for admission. A college may or may not be a part of university. A university may have many branches. The University of California, with several branch campuses, has more than 128000 students. Harvard, one of the most famous universities in the world, was founded in 1636. During the years before the American Revolution, several other institutions of higher learning were founded by church group, and during the
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• First half of the nineteenth century many more religious colleges and universities were established.
• About one-fourth of the colleges and universities are private. Every state has at least one public university. And in America there are several hundred state and locally supported colleges. But the academic programs are similar in these private and public institutions. • There are three types of institutions of higher education in the United Stated of America. A two-year college was originally called a “junior college”, but now it is called a “community college”. It serves as a bridge
