光纤温度传感器的设计

A 目 录

1 绪论 .................................................................................................................................. 1

2 光纤的基础知识介绍 ...................................................................................................... 3

2.1 光纤的结构 ............................................................................................................3

2.2 光纤传输原理 ........................................................................................................4

2.2.1 传输条件 ...................................................................................................... 4

2.3 光纤的温度特性 ....................................................................................................5

2.4 光纤的机械特性 ....................................................................................................6

3 传感器的基本概念 .......................................................................................................... 7

3.1 传感器的定义与组成 ............................................................................................7

3.2 光纤传感器基本工作原理及类型 ........................................................................8

3.2.1 光纤传感器基本工作原理 .......................................................................... 8

3.2.2 光纤传感器的类型 ...................................................................................... 8

3.2.3 传感器的数学模型 ...................................................................................... 9

3.3 光纤传感器的调制原理 ......................................................................................10

3.4 光纤传感器的特点和发展趋势 .......................................................................... 11

3.4.1 光纤传感器的特点 .................................................................................... 11

3.4.2 光纤传感器的发展趋势 ............................................................................ 12

4 半导体吸收型光纤温度传感器 .................................................................................... 13

4.1 工作原理 ..............................................................................................................13

4.2 测量装置结构 ......................................................................................................13

4.3 光探测器的简要介绍 ..........................................................................................15

4.3.1 PIN光电二极管 .......................................................................................... 15

4.3.2雪崩二极管（APD） ................................................................................... 16

4.4 光纤传感器的光源要求 ......................................................................................18

5 半导体吸收型光纤温度传感器实现电路 .................................................................... 19

5.1 LED数字式驱动电路 ...........................................................................................19

5.2 半导体吸收型光纤传感器的接收电路 ..............................................................21

6 结论 ................................................................................................................................ 22

参考文献 ............................................................................................................................ 23

致谢 .................................................................................................................................... 24 B 光纤温度传感器的设计

中文摘要

随着科技的发展，以光纤为核心的各类传感器开始应用于工业领域中，它具有传统各类传感器不可比拟的优点，它的抗干扰性、抗辐射性更强，能满足各种特殊场合的应用并且效果比传统的传感器更好。本文主要讲叙了以光纤为核心的温度传感器的设计和开发，从光纤的基础入手，首先介绍了光纤的基础知识,诸如:光缆结构,光导纤维的导光原理等,然后结合传感器引入了光纤传感器的定义,分类及工作原理;而本次论述的对象是光纤温度传感器的定义,因此以温度为被测量对象,根据实际需要,结合具体传感器自身的特点,选用了半导体吸收型光纤传感器并介绍了其根本结构,基本原理,随后给出了半导体吸收型光纤温度传感器的实现电路,由此一个成熟的光纤温度传感器就论述完毕了。

当然光纤温度传感器有多种实用的设计方法,本课题应用半导体吸收型光纤温度传感器这种方法。

关键词：光纤，温度 ，光纤传感器，半导体

C The design and development of fiber-optic temperature sensor

Electronic information engineering Grad 2003 ChenBiao

Abstract

Along with the technical development, starts take the optical fiber as the core each kind of

sensor to apply in the industry domain; it has the traditional each kind of sensor incomparable

merit, its anti-jamming stronger, can satisfy each kind of special occasion the application and the

effect to be better than the traditional sensor. This article mainly said narrated take the optical

fiber as the coretemtroduced the optical fiber elementary knowledge, such as: The optical cable

structure, the optical fiber the principle and so on, then unified the sensor to introduce the optical

fiber sensor definition, the classification and the principle of work; But this elaboration object is

the optical fiber temperature sensor definition, therefore as is surveyed take the temperature the