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高考英语读写任务作文专题突破（1）---如何写概括30个词的摘要怎么写？•Part I. 什么是摘要？• A summary is a short account giving the main points of something longer or detailed.•概括部分包含几种能力。
第一要看清楚文章的结构，设法反映出原文中作者的观点。
第二要具有意义筛选的能力，学会区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等复杂的逻辑关系。
第三要有用英文解释英文的能力，用自己简单的语言解释比较复杂的语言文字，不能抄袭原文。
•一、概括的标准：抛弃次要，瞄准写作目的。
•标准的概括采用浮凸式的表达方式，第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的，这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。
后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。
•二、概括的写作步骤：• 1. 确定主题句。
确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。
没有主题句的需要自己组合。
• 2. 寻找关键词。
分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。
• 3.重构主题句。
概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。
可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。
• 4. 重组支撑句。
支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。
•口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。
（括：概括性。
见：间接引语。
短：短的连词。
细腻：细节和例子）•三、概括的形式：“主题句+支撑句”即“主题+主题的什么”。
文体主题句支撑句议论文文章论点（一句）文章论据（两三句）议论文故事的写作目的/ 主题（一句）故事大意（两三句）说明文说明的对象/ 观点/ 现象解释/ 分述•附：2007年广东高考概括部分评分细则：•1．完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改的，得0分；•2．机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得1分；•3．稍微灵活地抄原文，改主语，宾语、原文词序的，得2分；•4．创造性地抄，改主语，宾语、原文词序还有句子结构的，最多得3分。
第三部分专题三第2讲技法3(2022·高考英语考前信息必刷卷)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them.While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups.In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.“Two heads are better than one.” Thatʼs the simple idea behind study groups.By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students.They get to pick each otherʼs brains and improve their own understanding of different problems.Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense atmosphere in which itʼs good to study.For example, some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying by themselves: however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small—four to five participants is about right.And itʼs necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the weekʼs lecture notes.Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted.Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources.For instance, when a group member says “I read somewhere that...，” the source-seeker should ask for specifics.This person reminds the group that itʼs important to know who said what and where it was said.And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.【范文】Many universities encourage students to take advantage of study groups for bettergrades, where students can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each other to work harder.Besides the small size, the same goal and not-too-long socializing could help study groups work best.If the members are assigned different roles, it will result in promoting the efficiency.。
第三部分专题三第2讲技法2
(2022·上海市杨浦区高三二模)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A New Wave of Migration
As the sea extends steadily inland in countries such as Bangladesh and as decreasing rains put already marginal farmland out of play in Ethiopia and other places, a wave of migration caused by the changing climate is taking shape on the horizon.
But most “climate migrants” will not be heading abroad to start new lives; instead they will settle elsewhere in their home countries.A report released this week declares that if nothing is done to control global warming and factor migration into development planning, by mid-century this internal population shift could involve more than 140 million people in three regions examined: sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia and Latin America.“Climate change is already a driver of internal migration, and it will become more so in the future，” says John Roome, senior director of Climate change at The World Bank Group.
The potential for such an increase in area consisting of 55 percent of the developing worldʼs population raises questions of environmental justice because those who have contributed the least to global warming are forced to shoulder more of the burden.It is necessary for developed countries like the U．S.to step up, says Maria Cristina Garcia, a professor of American Studies at Cornell University.Developed countries can help by both working to limit greenhouse gas emissions and funding efforts to help developing nations plan for climate migration challenges.
The study of climate migration is still relatively new, and projections of just how many people might be driven from their homes as the world warms are hard to pin down.Some people will need to migrate despite any measures that might be taken—but “this doesnʼt have to be a crisis” Roome says.Properly managed migration could even bring more economic opportunities to some poor communities.But planning needs to start now.
【范文】
As the sea extends steadily inland, a wave of migration caused by the changing climate appears.Most “climate migrants” will settle elsewhere in their home
countries.Itʼs unfair for the countries who have contributed the least to global warming to shoulder more of the burden.Though the climate migration is still relatively new, planning needs to start now.。
