2019年高考英语真题及部分模拟题分类汇编2【动词的时态和语态及情态动词、虚拟语气题】附答案解析

2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题09 短文改错 一、2019年高考真题 1. 【2019·全国卷I 】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.【答案】I became interesting int erested in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where whenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenlya football fell just in front of me but and almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly hardback to the pl ayground. To everyone’s surprising surprise , the ball went into the net. All the football player players on the playground cheered loudly, say sayingthat I had a talent for football. From now thenon, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。

2019年高考英语模拟试卷（二）第I卷第一部分听力（略）（共两节,满分30分）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

A（2017 北京,B）Refund Policy ——the subscript on can be can celled with in 28 days and you can get your money back.21. Why is TOKNOW a special magaz in e?A. lt en terta ins young pare nts.B. It provides serious advertiseme nts.C. It publishes popular scie nee fictions.D. It comb ines fun with complex con cepts.22. What does TOKNOW offer its readers?A. On li ne courses.B. Articles on new topics.C. Lectures on a balaneed life.D. Reports on scientific discoveries.23. How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack fromChi na?A. £ 55.B. £60.C. £ 65.D. £ 70.24.Subscribers of TOKNOW would get ________ .A. free birthday prese ntsB. full refund within 28 daysC. membership of the TOKNOW clubD. cha nces to meet the experts in pers onB（2016 四川,B）If you could have one superpower, what would it be?Dream ing about whether you would want to read min ds, see through walls, or have superhuma n stre ngth may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in __________________________________________ life.Every day in our work, we are in spired by the people we meet doing extraord inary thingsto improve the world.They have a differe nt kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make adiffere nee in the lives of others.We re n ot say ing that every one n eeds to con tribute their lives to the poor. Your livesare busy eno ugh doing homework, play ing sports, making frien ds, seek ing after your dreams.But we do think that you can live a more powerful life whe n you devote some of your time and energy to somethingmuch larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volun teer or, if you can, con tribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do, don ' tbe a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you' re older. But why not start now?Our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.24. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Your life style.B. Your life value.C. Your trouble in life.D. Your life experience.25. Why does the author say they are inspired every day?A. They possess different kinds of superpowers.B. They have got the power to change the world.C. Some people around them are making the world better.D. There are many powerful people in their life and work.26. What does the author stress in Paragraph 5?A. Learning more and contributing more to a cause.B. Rising above self and acting to help others.C. Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.D. Trying your best to help the poor.27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.B. Much more progress will be made in the near future.C. The work on health is the most valuable experience.D. People 's efforts have been materially rewarded.C（2018课标全国I ,C）Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. Whenthe world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit（联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settli ng dow n to become farmers, and theirIanguages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade,industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory4/ 15educati on, especially globalisatio n and better com muni cati ons in the past few decades, allhave caused many Ian guages to disappear, and domin ant languages such as En glish, Spanish and Chin ese are in creas in gly tak ing over.At present, the world has about 6,800 Ianguages. The distribution of these Ianguages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few Ianguages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Ian guages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2,400;a nd Asia and the Pacific perhaps3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone acco unts for well over 800. The media n nu mber( 中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world ' s Ianguages are spoken byfewer people tha n that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 Ian guages are close to ext in cti on( 消亡),withonly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia( one, with a questi on-mark): none of these seems to have much cha nee of survival.28. What can we infer about Ian guages in hun ter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in nu mber.C. They had similar patter ns.D. They were closely conn ected.29. Which of the following best explains “ dominant ” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex.B.Adva need.C. Powerful.D.Modern.30. How many Ian guages are spoke n by less tha n 6,000 people at prese nt?A. About 6,800.B.About 3,400.C.About 2,400.D.About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New Ian guages will be created.B. People ' s lifestyle s are reflected in Ianguages.C. Huma n developme nt results in fewer Ian guages.D. Geography determ ines Ian guage evoluti on.D（2018课标全国I ,D）We may think we ' re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices（装置） well after they go out of style. That 's bad news for the environment —and our wallets —as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life —from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how homeenergy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smartphones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn 't throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids ' room, and s uddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, ” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We' re not just keeping these old devices —we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt ' s team, old desktop monitors andbox TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007window.So what' s the soluti on（解决方案）?The team' s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt ' s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the followi ng uses the least en ergy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electr onic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）（2017课标全国川）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.(2016年北京卷)31. I love the weekend，because I_____ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. needn’tB. mustn’t C。

wouldn't D。

shouldn’t2.(2016年北京卷）34。

Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week？ If you ___ me， I could have helped。

A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell3。

（2016年天津卷）5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had recommended。

A。

wouldn’t B. couldn’t C。

shouldn't D. needn't4.(2016年天津卷)15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one， I ____.A。

were injured B。

would be injured C。

had been injured D。

would have been injured 5。

(2016年江苏卷）27.If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A。

had not been B。

should not be C。

were not to be D。

should not have been6.(16浙江) Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths _______ since t heir highest in 2005.A. had not fallen B。

A10 情态动词与虚拟语气30. A10[2018·安徽卷] People are recycling many things which they ________ away in the pas t!A．had thrown B．will be throwingC．were throwing D．would have thrown30．D 考查虚拟语气。

根据in the past可知，说的是过去情况，对过去情况的推测或评说，应使用“情态动词＋完成式”结构。

句意：现在人们回收利用很多东西，而过去他们会将这些扔掉。

故选D。

27．A10[2018·北京卷] ________I have a word with you? It won't take long.A．Can B．MustC．Shall D．Should27．A 考查情态动词。

根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许短时间内的一个交谈。

can表示“能不能”，故选A。

34．A10[2018·北京卷] We ________back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.A．are B．wereC．will be D．would be34．D 考查虚拟语气。

根据条件状语从句中if we didn't lo se the map可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选D。

30. A10[2018·全国大纲卷] Although you ________ find bargains in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can30．D 考查情态动词。

句意：尽管你能在伦敦找到便宜货，但是它一般不是购物便宜的地方。

此处can意为“能”。

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了。

我女儿一个人在家。

A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢。

结合句意，故选C。

【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境。

2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟。

所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。

故选D。

【考点定位】虚拟语气【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。

3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novelA Farewell to Arms.A.d idn’t writeB. hadn’t writtenC. wouldn’t writeD. wouldn’t have written【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。

五年（2019-2023）年高考英语真题分项汇编专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（解析版）〖2023年高考真题题组〗1.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.答案：wished。

解析：考查动词时态。

句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。

分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。

故填wished。

2.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.答案：be employed。

解析：考查语态。

句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。

从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。

情态动词can 后接动词原形。

故填be employed。

3.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.答案：was amazed。

解析：考查时态和语态。

句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。

2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。

A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。

故选A。

2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语。

句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。

A. in effect实际上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。

故选A。

3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。

句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。

2019届高考英语二轮往届真题回顾：情态动词与虚拟语气（含答案解析）情态动词与虚拟语气——使表达得体、含蓄1．(2018·北京，35)—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain.—Well, I don't know.It________do.A．might B．need C．would D．should解析考查情态动词。

第一个人说不会下雨，第二个人回答I don't know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”。

答案 A2．(2018·辽宁，31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He________too much at the party last night.A．could drink B．should drinkC．would have drunk D．must have drunk解析考查情态动词。

此处考查情态动词对过去发生事情的推测。

句意：Harry感觉不舒服。

昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝得不少。

对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done，故选D。

答案 D3．(2018·四川，5)—Why are your eyes so red？You________have slept well last night.—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．won't解析考查情态动词。

根据语境“眼睛那么红，昨晚不可能睡得很好”可知，此处考查情态动词can的否定式can't表推测，意为“不可能”。

can't have done表示对过去的推测，意为“过去不可能……”。

2019年高考英语时态语态真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)1. – Do you like the material? – Yes, it ______ very soft.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt2. I would rather go to work as usual than _____ in hospital.A. getting treatedB. to get treatedC. get treatedD. treated3. I wonder why Jenny ____us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn’t writtenB. doesn’t writeC. won’t writeD. hadn’t written4. She _______ that the problem ________.A.is told; was being settledB. was told; was settledC. told; was settledD. was told; had been settled5.The report said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it.A. was travelingB. traveledC. had been travelingD. was to travel6. He _______ again and again, but he didn’t tell me the truth.A. had askedB. was askedC. had been askedD. asked二、1．The giant panda________(love) by people throughout the world.2More efforts, as reported，________(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply －side structural reform.3．Dashan, who________(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition.4Silk ________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.5．When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest.6．The real reason why prices ________(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.7．As you go through this book, you ________(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱhad a different experience.8．I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________(ask), “What do you wish me to do now？”9．He must have sensed that I ________(look)at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that？”10．I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ________(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.时态语态英语16种时态二、常见时态的基本用法一般现在时一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。

2019年高考英语时态语态真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)1. – Do you like the material? – Yes, it ______ very soft.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt2. I would rather go to work as usual than _____ in hospital.A. getting treatedB. to get treatedC. get treatedD. treated3. I wonder why Jenny ____us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn’t writtenB. doesn’t writeC. won’t writeD. hadn’t written4. She _______ that the problem ________.A.is told; was being settledB. was told; was settledC. told; was settledD. was told; had been settled5.The report said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it.A. was travelingB. traveledC. had been travelingD. was to travel6. He _______ again and again, but he didn’t tell me the truth.A. had askedB. was askedC. had been askedD. asked二、1．The giant panda________(love) by people throughout the world.2More efforts, as reported，________(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply －side structural reform.3．Dashan, who________(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition.4Silk ________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.5．When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest.6．The real reason why prices ________(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.7．As you go through this book, you ________(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱhad a different experience.8．I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________(ask), “What do you wish me to do now？”9．He must have sensed that I ________(look)at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that？”10．I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ________(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.时态语态英语16种时态二、常见时态的基本用法一般现在时一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。