高考英语名词专题

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高三英语语法专项复习2 名词1. (2013·湖北高考)Poetry written from the of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspectiveB. priorityC. participationD. privilege2. (2013·湖北高考)Carbon dioxide, which makes a______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A. differenceB. comparisonC. connectionD. barrier3. (2013·江西高考)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with.A. curiosityB. satisfactionC. envyD. patience4. (2013·辽宁高考)The accident caused some to my car, but it’s nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage5. (2013·天津高考)While she was in Paris, she developed a for fine art.A. wayB. relationC. tasteD. habit6. (2013·浙江高考)As the world's population continues to grow, the of food becomes more and more of a concern.A. worthB. supplyC. packageD. list7. (2013·江苏高考)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a for the better.A. shareB. chanceC. turnD. lead1. Tom is a worker. ( ) ( )2. The Children’s Palace is near Jane’s home. ( )3. She gave me some good advice. ( )4. He didn’t go there because of his illness. ( )5. We made Tom our monitor. ( )6. We students should study hard. ( )7. The author’s name is on the cover of the book. ( )8. This book is of great use (=This book is very useful). ( )1. 用法:名词或名词短语在句中可以做主语、_______、动词的_______、介词的宾语、__________、_______等。

在做语法填空题时,我们可以根据名词在句中的作用判断出所填空格是否该填名词。

2. 语境:名词通常在冠词(如a worker)、______________ (如his illness)、_________ (如This book)、名词所有格(The author’s name),及some, any, many, a lot of等限定语后。

在做语法填空题时,我们可以据此判断出所填空格是否该填名词。

3. 分类:worker, student等叫__________ 名词,前面可以用不定冠词、数词,及many, a number of等修饰,当数量大于一时,要用复数形式;advice, milk等是不可数名词,不可数名词没有复数形式,不能直接用不定冠词、数词,及many, a number of等修饰,但可用some, much, a great deal of等修饰。

4. 所有格:有生命的人或物,以及表示时间、距离、金额、重量、国家或城市等的名词,其所有格一般用“_____”表示;无生命的东西的所有格一般用______表示。

5. of加use, value, importance等某些抽象名词,其用法相当于____________的用法,在句中可作表语、补语等。

一、单句填空1. The exciting result filled us with ________ (proud).2. Mary’s dress is similar in appearance to her elder ____________ (sister).3. The success of our experiment is a great _____________ (satisfy) to us all.4. He has never shown much ____________ (consider) for his wife’s feelings.5. His ___________ (fortunate) gave him great help in the exams.6. Dr Smith is going to pull out one of my _________ (tooth).7. He gained his __________ (wealthy) by printing_______ (work) of famous writers.8. I don’t like the ______in which you laugh at her.◇高考链接◇1.[2012•江西卷] You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________.A.purpose B.reference C.progress D.memory2.[2012•福建卷] —Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?—Well, you know, English is my ________.So it is my best choice.A.strength B.talent C.ability D.skill3.[2012•湖北卷] It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.A.symptom B.similarity C.sample D.shadow4.[2012•湖北卷] The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.A.pattern B.procedure C.program D.perspective5.[2012•江苏卷] —Can I help you with it?—I appreciate your ________,but I can manage it myself.A.advice B.question C.offer D.idea◇考点归纳◇►考点一名词的数规则1:有些学科名词虽以s结尾,但仍为单数名词。

如:physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics。

规则2:表示一类事物总称的名词,常作不可数名词看待而不能加“s”。

如:machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence。

规则3:有些名词的单、复数形式表达不同的意思。

如:chicken鸡肉/chickens小鸡;fish鱼(尾数),鱼肉/fishes各种鱼;paper纸/papers试卷,报纸,文件;water水/waters水域;room空间/rooms房间;time时间/times次数,倍数,时代;arm手臂/arms武器……规则4:有些名词形式上虽是单数,但表示的是复数含义。

如:people, police, cattle, staff, public, the+adj.或the+分词(表示一类人)。

规则5:对于集体名词,当它表示一个整体时,视作单数;当它侧重各个成员时,视作复数。

如:The enemy has suffered heavy losses. The enemy are in flight.规则6:有些名词单、复数同形。

如:fish, deer, sheep, youth, Chinese, Japanese, means, species, series, works。

规则7:复合名词变成复数时有3种情况:(1)把结尾词变成复数。

如:grownup →grownups,gobetween →gobetweens。

(2)把主体名词变成复数。

如:sisterinlaw→sistersinlaw,editorinchief→editorsinchief,passerby→passersby。

(3)把两个组成部分都变成复数,这种复合名词的第一个名词需是man或woman。

如man doctor→men doctors,woman engineer→women engineers。

规则8:不规则名词的“数”:常用改变元音字母或词尾加(r)en等方法构成。

如:woman—women, child—children, ox—oxen, tooth—teeth, goose—geese, foot—feet, mouse—mice, phenomenon—phenomena, analysis—analyses。

规则9:专有名词的“数”:在姓氏名词后加“s”变成复数。