2015上海市徐汇区春考模拟高三英语模拟试卷 Word版含答案

上海市2015高三英语二模试卷Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition __51_____ may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to __52_____. Then there is television. The vast majority of television ads today consist of brief advertising spots, __53_____ in length from a few seconds to several minutes. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit through three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been ___54____ 360,000 TV ads. Television advertises in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools. Major sporting events are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed ___55____. Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisements. One top-ranking basketball player earned $3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to ___56____ their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are __57_____ on walls, buses, and trucks. They___58____ the inside of taxis and subways --even the doors of public toilets. __59_____ messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevators --and __60____ we are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to___61____ the junk mail.___62____ Insiders’ Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated amount of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have soared to $411.6 billion for 1997 and $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money.What is the __63____ of all of this? One analyst put it this way: “Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell __64____ than products. They sell images, values, goals, __65_____ of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior.”51. A. lonely B. alone C. singly D. individually52. A. commerce B. consumers C. commercials D. contracts53. A. ranging B. varying C. changing D. adjusting54. A. taken to B. spent in C. expected of D. exposed to55. A. flashes B. billboards C. attractions D. messages56. A. improve B. promote C. urge D. update57. A. symbolized B. illustrated C. demonstrated D. displayed58. A. modify B. decorate C. polish D. fix59. A. Audio B. Studio C. Oral D. Video60. A. since B. while C. unless D. if61. A. throw away B. lay down C. blow out D. break down62. A. Except for B. Apart from C. According to D. Including in63. A. effect B. affect C. result D. purpose64. A. less B. same C. similar D. more65. A. outlooks B. opinions C. concepts D. implicationsAFor four lonely years, Evelyn Jones of Rockford, Illinois, lived friendless and forgotten in one room of a cheap hotel. “I wasn’t sick, but I was acting sick,” the 78-year-old widow says, “Every day was the same. I would just lie on my bed and maybe cook up some soup.” Then, six months ago, she was invited to The Brighter Side -- Rockford’s day care center for the elderly. Every weekday morning since then, she has left her home to meet nine other old people in a church for a rich program of charity work, trips, games, and -- most important of all -- friendly companionship.Just a few years ago, there were few choices for the elderly between a normal life in their own homes and being totally confined in nursing homes. Many of them were sent to rest homes long before they needed full-time care. Others like Mrs. Jones were left to take care of themselves. But in 1971, the White House Conference on Aging called for the development of alternatives to care in nursing homes for old people, and since then, government-supported day-care programs like The Brighter Side have been developed in most big American cities.“This represents a real alternative to the feared institution and makes old people believe they have not left the world of living”, says Alice Brophy, 64, director of New York City’s Office for the Aging, “They do well at the centers, and I hate it when people describe us as elderly playpens（婴儿扶栏）.” New York’s 138 centers encourage continuing contact for the aged with the community’s life. The centers serve more than 15,000 members, and volunteer workers are always looking for new ones. If someone doesn’t show up at the center for several days in a row, a worker at the center calls to make sure all is well. And although participation in the center is free, those who want to can pay for their lunches.No normal studies have been made of these centers for the elderly, but government officials are enthusiastic. In the future, the Public Health Service will do a study to decide if the programs can receive federal Medicare money. And the old people themselves are very happy with the programs. “There is no way”, says Evelyn Jones, smiling at her new companions at the Brighter Side, “that I will ever go back to spending my day with all those loses at the hotel.”66. According to the passage, many old people went to the nursing homes because______________.A. They are in urgent need of full-time care.B. They were rather willing to go there.C. They were sent there.D. They were volunteers there.67. We can conclude from the statements of Alice Brophy that______________.A. the centers are like elderly playpens.B. the old people do well at the day care centers.C. old people like nursing institutions.D. outside the Brighter side they don’t work for the old.68. What’s author’s attitude towards the program of day care centers?A. pessimistic.B. concerned.C. neutral.D. optimistic.69. What is the main idea of the article?A. Day care centers may be able to receive federal Medicare money.B. Day care centers can make life better for elderly people.C. Many old people in the United States are lonely.D. Old people have no place in their society.BBiographyNicole Mary Kidman, AC (born 20 June 1967) is an American-born Australian actress, fashion model, singer and humanitarian. She is also known for her marriage to Tom Cruise, to whom she was married for 11 years and adopted two children, and her current marriage to country musician Keith Urban, with whom she has two biological daughters. As a result of being born to Australian parents in Hawaii, Kidman has dual citizenship in Australia and the United States. The following is a list of movies that Kidman has been involved with.Dead Calm (1989)After starring in a number of small Australian films and TV shows, Kidman's breakthrough was in the 1989 thriller Dead Calm. It was based on the 1963 novel of the same name by Charles Williams. The film was directed by Australian filmmaker Phillip Noyce and filmed around the Great Barrier Reef.Day of Thunder (1990)Days of Thunder is a 1990 American auto racing film released by ParamountPictures，bringing her worldwide recognition. The cast includes Tom Cruise, Nicole Kidman and Robert Duvall. This is the first of three films to star both Cruise and Kidman (the other two being Far and Away and Eyes Wide Shut).Batman Forever (1995)Batman Forever is a 1995 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. The plot focuses on Batman trying to stop Two-Face (Jones) and the Riddler (Carrey) in their villainous scheme to bring the city under their control. The film was released on June 16, 1995, receiving mixed reviews, but was a financial success.Moulin Rouge! (2001)Kidman’s performance in the musical Moulin Rouge! (2001) earned her a second Golden Globe Award and first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. It tells the story of a young English poet/writer, Christian (Ewan McGregor), who falls in love with the terminally-ill star of the Moulin Rouge, cabaret actress and courtesan Satine (Nicole Kidman).The Hours (2002)Kidman's performance as Virginia Woolf in the drama film The Hours (2002) received critical acclaim and earned her an Academy Award for Best Actress and a Silver Bear for Best Actress. The plot focuses on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf, who, in 1920s England, isstruggling with depression and mental illness while trying to write her novel.Rabbit Hole (2010)The screenplay of Rabbit Hole is an adaptation by David Lindsay Abaire of his 2005 play of the same name. Kidman produced the project via her company, Blossom Films. The plot deals with a couple struggling to heal after the death of their young son. Kidman was critically admired for her performance as Becca Corbett and received Academy Award and Golden Globe Award.Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search70. Which of the following statements about Nicole Kidman is true?A.Kidman has dual nationality because of being born to American parents in Australia.B.Kidman and Cruise gave birth to two children in their 11-year marriage.C.Kidman was known for TV shows before receiving recognition in motion picture industry.D.Far and Away was the first movie Kidman stared with her ex-husband.71. ___________ are based on the former works.A. Dead Calm, Moulin Rouge! and The HoursB. Batman Forever, Dead Calm and Rabbit HoleC. Day of Thunder, Batman Forever and The HoursD. The Hours, Batman Forever and Rabbit Hole72. The underlined word “acclaim” has the similar meaning to ___________.A. criticismB. complimentC. complaintD. comment73. Where can we probably find the article?A. A reference siteB. A fashion magazineB. An auto-biography D. A national newspaperC“The Heart of the Matter,” the newly-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for attaching the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by federal states and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors(捐助者) and others to maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education. In response, the AAAS formed the Committee on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the Committee’s 51 members are top-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as distinguished figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because the government supports full literacy (识字) of citizens, the report stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the introduction of a series of curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning into practice on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite 2 years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The committee ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive”.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legal intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well hold back reform by obscuring(遮蔽) the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to clarify.74. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to___________.A. maintain people’s interest in liberal educationB. define the government’s role in educationC. keep a leading position in liberal educationD. safeguard individuals’ rights to education75. Which one of the following statements about what the AAAS plan suggests is true ?A. An exclusive study of American history.B. A greater emphasis on theoretical subjects.C. The application of emerging technologies. D. Funding for the study of foreign languages.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ___________.A. professors are routinely supportive of free marketsB. intellectual investigation are put great value on in collegeC. progressive public policy is out of boundaries of proper studyD. professors have prejudice against classical liberal ideas77. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal EducationB. Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”C. Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”“D. Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education答案BCADB BDBAB ACADCCBDB CBBA CCDB。

2015徐汇高三二模（附答案）SR-4 大木桥英语组xx年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with the given word, fill in each blank with the proper formof the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)As you get older, if feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines(25)_____we age and that makes time move quickly.We percieve time as something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the(26)________(likely)you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by(or, more acccurately, if feels asif time is going by) more quickly, the older we get. In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as(27)_____years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we(28)______(accomplish) a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines. For example, try to remember(29)_____happened to you every day last week, chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday,etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences, point out things we?ve never done, recommend dishes we?ve never tasted and suggest places we?ve never been. Such an app(30)_____make our lives more varied, encourage us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.(31)_____such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It?s not too difficult topush(32)_______to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Daniel Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences(哀悼) on behalf of the nation, and made it clear he will have every single resource that he needs (33)_________( investigate) this horrible crime, care for the victims and their families.(34)__________ (endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years, each time I learn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would---- as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there?s not a parent in America who doesn?t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do. The majority of those (35)__________ died today were children—beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them—birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the (36)___________(fall) were also teachers—men and women who devoted their lives to (37)__________ our children fulfill their dreams. SR-4 大木桥英语组So our hearts are broken today—for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of these little children, and for the families of the adults who__________(lose). Our hearts are broken for the parents of the survivors as well, for as blessed as they are to have their children home tonight, they know that their children?s innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain.As a country, we have been through this too many times. (39) __________ it?s an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theater in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago—these neighborhoods are our neighborhoods, and these children are our children. And we?re going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies (40)_____________ this, regardless of the politics.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the word can only be used that there is one word more than you need. . Postinga photo of the food you?re about to eat on WeChat has become a daily ritual (惯例：仪式) for many. Often this food in the photo isn?t as appealing to those looking at it, but scientists are now claiming taking a photo of your food before you eat it makes it taste better. Researchers at University of Minnesota?s Carlson School of Management claim taking a photo puts you in the moment and in doing so, heightens your (41) . The person taking the photo will, on some level, feel the motivation to continue the practice. Researchers wondered about the power of rituals after noticing the funny (42) that people often perform before eating and drinking. They conducted experiments to investigate whether these kinds of habitual behaviour influences taste. In the first experiment, some participants were asked to eat a piece of chocolate following a detailed set of (43): ?Without unwrapping the chocolate bar, break it in half. Unwrap half of the bar and eat it. Then, unwrap the other half and eat it. The other participants were (44) instructed to relax for a short amount of time and then eat the chocolate bar however they wanted.The results showed that those who had performed the ritual rated the chocolate more (45) , enjoyed it more, and were willing to pay more for the chocolate than the other group. A. instruction B. random C. highly D. revealed E. simply F. established G. situations H. confirmed I. senses J. common K. routinesSR-4 大木桥英语组A second experiment (46)these findings, showing that (47) movements don't produce a more enjoyable eating experience. The data also (48) that a longer delay between ritual and consumption bolstered these effects, even with a neutral food like carrots.While these rituals may seem small or mundane, the researchers note that the effects they produce are quite tangible. And while rituals are (49) before mealtimes, they could play a role in other(50) , too. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that bestfits the context.An examination is a very important part of life, which is used to test a person?s ability. But as you know many of us has(51)____ and are afraid of it. Though they know that exams are there for their benefit, they still have a lot of fear for it. It is very often we find such people. You will find such people a little anxious and a little stressed about their exams. Many a time such nerves can be (52)____ and useful to you, for others it?s never wrocking.To overcome these nerves we got some tips for you. Don?t get too excited about the exams and for that don?t drink too much of the coffee or tea to cope up with the exam(53) _____. Eat a healthy and proper diet and don?t worry about the exams while eating. Stress can be harmful to you(54) _____ sometimes. It can cause a lot of problems in your body, which can be increased heartbeat and breath, sweating palms, nervous attitude, stressed about exams, etc...Before moving to the examination hall you prepare thoroughly about the exams. For that firstly make a list of what is to be studied and then make an overlook forthat. Now divide each subject into some easy sub-classes. Go through some(55) _____ question papers and study your earlier mistakes made in it. Make a perfect schedule for your study. Overlook the(56) _____ used for answering the questions I mean their pattern and style of writing. Solve few more question papers and study to achieve a proper time(57)_____. Take some quick breaks in your study time so that you can(58) _____ an interest in your study.Now while taking the exams just relax, control your breath and believe in yourself. Don?t panic and he optimistic. Try to reduce your stress and be happy. Don?t(59) _____ at least an hour before the exams, just get yourself calmed down. Keep you focus on the paper and tell yourself that you are(60) _____ prepared. For exams each before the time and try to(61)_____ in the surroundings. Don?t listen to any of the exam rumours before exams. If you still can?t control your exam stress then go for some meditation or hypnosis( 冥想或催眠）。

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第Ⅰ卷（共103分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.C.He broke the woman’s calculator.D.He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.5.A.The woman should go to another couner.B.The woman gives the man so many choices.C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.C.Clean the room with roommateD.Write an article about their roommate.8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.C.The snack bar is near the library.D.Snacks aren’t sllowed in th library.10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B.Leave her bicycle outside.C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.D.Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.It helps care for custermer’s dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.C.None of the dogs are cagedD.There is a dog named Princess12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.C.She can have free coffee.D.She doesn’t like to be alone.13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.C.A new home for pets.D.A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B.A view that life quallity is more important than pay.C.A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD. A new term created by high achivers15.A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16.A.People are less satisfied with their lives. B.The financial investment may increase.C.Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D.Unexpected problem may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C,you will hear tow longer conversations.The conversations will be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Ⅱ.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: Af ter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is aways busy. The first parking space I found was convenient,but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car cireling for a white (25) I was in a good mood, I left her have it .On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot-it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) (empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot carlier.She was fiving me(27) .odd-look half puzzled,half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into my car, I saw the same lady(28) (look) in at me. ―Hello,‖ she said ,hesitantly ―This (29) sould crazy, but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) her. You helped those people , I noticed, and you seemed so happy.‖ She looked at me meaningfully and paused a box in through the window. ―I think she would like you to have it.‖(31) (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause. I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) （nice）gift I’d ever receibed, and I was from a complete stanger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpfu hannah,I’d got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and be took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant arge (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea(34) there may be an important text . He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him ! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see（36）is connecting him is just too great.When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) (igoore) me, he says, ― In a minute,‖ but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home ,he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Mybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about ―nomophobia‖ (40) is real illness people can suffer from the feat of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Considering how much time people spend in offices,it is important that work spaces be welll designed.Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 ,customers,They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work envionments of the past, The design industry has moved away from a fixed offices setup and created more flexible ―strategic management environments‖. These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierachies（等级制度）have flattened,or decreased,office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and crate fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage,and equipment within the workstation.Another important design goal is communication,which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations.Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees' 47 to heavily traficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands,including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies,and techological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）.These demands must also be balanced with the need to careate interiors（内饰）that in some way enchance,establish,or promote a company's inmage and will enable employees to 49 at their best. All these 50 of office design are related.The most successful office designs are like a goodmarriage-thewell-designed office and the employess that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting a nd gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgements often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. erased55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D.positon56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructors57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. IrritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. ―The heyday of the snowman‖ (paragrap h 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, ―monster‖ (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. ―Brutus was not an honorable man,‖ he said. ―He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.‖ The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. ―You have to endeavor,‖ the executives said, ―our policy is to obey the chain of command.‖During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called ―Movers and Shakespeares‖. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying ―the noblest Roman of them all‖ couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up ―Movers and Shakespeares‖ to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide cas e studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme pr oves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accompl ish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to yo uth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvementin highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likelyto________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.“Zootopia” Broke Disney RecordsLast weekend, the latest Disney movie, “Zootopia,” broke records. The mov ie had the largest opening weekend for a Disney animation (动画片). People across the United States bought more than $75 million worth of tickets.“Zootopia” is a city of animals. The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal 21 team up to find a missing otter (水獭). He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared from the city.“Zootopia”22 (praise) for its sharp humor and strong message since its release. The film explores racism and other issues in its description of relations 23 two kinds of animals in the city.Jared Bush and Phil Johnston wrote “Zootopia.” They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie 24 (set) in several different contexts. But they changed the story 25 they found the animal world especially interesting. They said to 26 something like this. “What’s this world like? What’s the history of this world?” And then, Bush said, they went to the experts. Not only 27 the writers speak with people who study couture (时装) and group behavior, but also they talked with animal experts like zookeepers.The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy 28 (produce) in drawings. In the movie, 64 species live in multiple neighborhoods 29 (represent) differen t animals’ living environments. Disney says “Zootopia” is its30 (complex) animation yet. The extra effort is certainly paying off at the box office.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. EachWhy your Password May Not Be As Safe As It SeemsDoes “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most 31 used, which of course means they are not secure at all.When ten million passwords were leaked on to the Internet, they appeared to 32 that attempts by Internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”, there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to 33 . The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.“Users are becoming slightly more 34 of what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine, an I nternet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of atext phrase. That makes it better, right?”But 35 no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo is giving users the option to associate their mobile phone with an account, and has a single use password texted to it each time they want to 36 on.Although the service is voluntary, Dylan Casey, an executive at Yahoo, said that it was “the first step to 37 passwords”. He said it was a(n) 38 that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than so me people’s improving upon“password” by using “wasspord” or, tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 13tt3r5.“We are, for the most part, predictably39 when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups,” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) 40 , and so do password crackers.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ever been just about to call someone when the phone rings and the person in question is on the other end? Or have you e xperienced a sudden feeling of unease or danger even though you’re in a(n) 41 situation? If you don’t believe in it, you’ll put it down to 42 and on overactive imagination. But some people believe it is 43 that there is a sixth sense beyond smell, taste, touch, hearing and sight. Now, scientists are carrying out experiments not only to prove that it exists, but also to find out how you can 44 it to your advantage.Dean Radin, a researcher in California, has set up the Boundary Institute in Los Altos and is currently using its website to recruit (招募) 4,000 people in 57 countries to find out if there are any 45 instances of sixth sense or, as he calls it, “precognition”— the ability to predict outcomes. The results so far are 46 . In a card test, where you have to 47 which of the five cards on a computer screen will be turned over to reveal a picture, the top scorers hit the right card 48% of the time — the 48 of this happening are 2,669 to 1.49 , Radin’s most famous study involves participants looking at a variety of images that are designed to stimulate a specific responses. In the experiment, participants sit alone in a room in front of a computer, with devices attached to their bodies to measure changes in skin resistance and blood flow, which are measures of emotional arousal. Radin has found that one in six people has a rise in arouse before they see the road accident-type pictures, while remaining 50 before the tree-type pictures.But even if you do accept that a sixth sense exists, the question is, does it actually 51 ? Radin says it does. “The future of our civilization depends on 52 that are being made now, whether it’s about how we farm our food, how we get rid of our waste or whether we allow chemicals to be included in everyday products. We don’t have answers to these important questions, yet what we decide on will 53 our lives for decades or longer. Anything we can do to improve our ability to predict future events is well worth the 54 ,” he says. “If it turns out that some people can genuinely forecast the future some of the time, as I believe the data shows, then 55 this ability is as important as cutting-edge science.41. A. unfamiliar B. tough C. harmless D. ridiculous42. A. coincidence B. resistance C. innovation D. distraction43. A. mystery B. evidence C. falsehood D. innocence44. A. alter B. define C. find D. use45. A. historical B. strange C. mistaken D. true46. A. extraordinary B. inevitable C. alarming D. disappointing47. A. ask B. guess C. recall D. learn48. A. figures B. methods C. scores D. chance49. A. However B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. Consequently50. A. active B. calm C. silent D. alert51. A. serve any purpose B. take any advantageC. make any progressD. win any support52. A. inquiries B. decisions C. donations D. comparisons53. A. ruin B. improve C. affect D. wait54. A. expense B. risk C. effort D. wait55. A. proving B. challenging C. limiting D. understandingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.AWhat happens in a particular class on a particular day depends on the interactions that occur between the teacher, the students, and the material being studied. The classroom context, generally speaking, includes all those factors that influence what happens during teaching and learning. These factors operate on different levels.The physical context, for example, influences what happens in the classroom. Space may restrict participation, depending on how a teacher interprets the situation. Some teachers use their surroundings to promote learning. Notice boards reflect themes or topics being studied; a display area presents students’ written work for others to read. Of course, some teachers remain unaware of the physical environment that they and their students inhabit together. A room, after all, is just a room. Yet the physical environment of the classroom affects the nature and types of interactions that will occur. Straight rows of tables, for example, are favourable to classroom lectures and turn-taking routines in which students one by one, recite answers to a teacher’s questions.A room isn’t just a room for teachers who seek to make the physical environment suitable for interactive learning. Interactive learning invites thinking, reading, writing, speaking, listening, and sharing. Such classrooms are arranged for individuals rather than for the “class” as a whole; they welcome students as active participants. Various physical arrangements encourage interactive learning, but they depend on the size of the room and the furniture that is available.A class can be organized for individual, group, or whole-class activities. Students are initially assigned seats at a combination of small and large tables. However, when the students work individually or in groups, they are free to abandon the assigned seating. The chalkboard occupies a central position in the room to accommodate whole-class study.56. According to the passage, “the physical context” (paragraph 2) may include .A. teachers’ rolesB. themes being studiedC. a display areaD. students’ participation57. Which of the following is the most suitable for a classroom lecture?58. From the last paragraph, we can learn that .A. classrooms should be arranged for the class as a wholeB. the chalkboard should be abandoned during group workC. seating can be changed for different classroom activitiesD. interaction can be encouraged by combining small and large tables59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The physical classroom environment varies with different types of interaction.B. The physical environment is a deciding factor for a successful lesson.C. Interactive learning depends on individuals ’ active involvement.D. Group work has become a trend in classroom teaching.B•$15.00 USD-8.5×11 Paper •$24.00 USD-11×17 Paper •$30.00 USD-13×19 Paper •$45.00 USD-17×22 Paper •$95.00 USD-24×30 Paper •$185.00 USD-34×47 Paper •$70.00 USD-17×22 Exhibition Canvas （帆布） •$140.00 USD-24×30 Exhibition Canvas •$275.00 USD-36×50 Exhibition Canvas •$350.00 USD-44×61 Exhibition Canvas •$80.00 USD-8.5×11 Framed (Black) •$85.00 USD-8.5×11 Framed (Brown) •$140.00 USD-11×17 Framed (Black) •$150.00 USD-11×17 Framed (Brown) •$215.00 USD-17×22 Framed (Black) • $225.00 USD-17×22 Framed (Brown)Christmas Shipping Deadlines• Domestic orders placed by December 20 will arrive for Christmas.• Overseas orders placed by December 9 will arrive for Christmas.• Overnight orders placed by December 22 will arrive for Christmas for an additional fee.Framed orders (domestic or overseas) require additional time for delivery.About Our PaperWe use high-quality, acid-free papers or heavyweight Exhibition Gallery Canvas.Paper SizesPaper sizes are in inches. If an image’s dimensions (尺寸) don’t exactly match the paper’s dimensi ons there will be a wider margin on the narrowest side. The long edge on prints 34×47 and larger will vary depending on the dimensions of the photo and may be longer than the size listed.Custom (定制的) FramesWe’ve partnered with Simply Framed to offer high-quality custom frames made in the USA. Please allow an additional 3 weeks for delivery. Frames come in black or brown wooden finish and include protectiveA German travel poster Showing the Imperial Castle in Nuremberg. Illustrated by Jupp Wiertz, c. 1930s. Add to Cart This product ships for free (both in U.S.A. and overseas) Made in U.S.A. ︳Satisfaction Guaranteedpaperback finish, wall bumpers, hanging hardware + nails, hanging and care instructions. Frames arrive gift-wrapped in brown paper.Framed sales are final.60. If you want to order a 17×22 print on canvas with a black frame, how much are you expected to pay?A. $ 45.00 USD.B. $ 70.00 USD.C. $ 215.00 USD. D. $ 225.00 SD.61. If you hope your framed order will reach your friend in Germany for Christmas, you’d better place your order by .A. December 20B. December 9C. November 30D. November 1962. The above advertisement is mainly intended to promote .A. a painting exhibitionB. superior printsC. Germany as a romantic destinationD. high-quality custom framesCWe’ve all heard the dangers of helicopter parenting. Remaining too involved in a kid’s life, especially throughout college, can lead to depression, lack of self-reliance and feelings of entitlement.This wisdom seems sound. But some academics and educators now say they see signs of a troubling resistance. The concern: that too much of warnings and horror stories —the cover of Julie Lythcott-Haims’ bestseller How to Raise an Adult instructs moms and dads to avoid “the overparenting trap” — is discouraging parents from getting involved at all.“Yes, parents can be intruders,” says Marjorie Savage, a researcher in the University of Minnesota. “At the same time, there are increasing examples of parents refusing to step up when students genuinely need their family.” At Hofstra University, for example, parents now ask embarrassedly about mental-health and campus-safety resources, as if bringing up those topics were forbidden, says Branka Kristie, who heads the family-outreach programs. And Savage recalls talking to a mom who kept quiet about her son’s signs of depression until right before he failed a semester. She did not want to “helicop ter in.”That means colleges, which have spent the past decade learning to cope with parents who get too involved, now have a different problem. In recent years, hundreds of colleges have either launched or increased their parent offices, which serve as one-stop shops for moms and dads looking to make complaints, report problem and generally stay in touch.Much of this began, of course, because schools were forced to cope with a generation of students connected with their parents like never before. On average, they communicate 22.1 times per week, according to research from Barbara Hofer, a psychology professor at Middlebury College. That’s more than twice the rate of a decade ago, before almost every student had a smartphone.With some moms and dads thinking twice of contacting the school in the first place, some programs are being used to encourage a more balanced approach, often through email and other social media. Hofstra’s Kristic advises parents to “be a guide, while granting that the student owns the journey.” That means asking questions, listening to answers, being patient and trusting kids to resolve their own problems. But if issues persist, or if a student is in serious mental or physical danger, it also means hopping in the chopper, at least for a little while.63. In paragraph 3, parents of Hofstra University students are mentioned to .A. show that parents have gone to the other extreme of overparentingB. provide educators with a new understanding of overparentingC. give a further example of supportive overparentingD. place emphasis on the necessity of overparenting64. The phrase “hopping in the chopper” in the last paragraph refers to .A. having trust in kidsB. stepping in to solve kids’ problemsC. joining a family-outreach programD. turning to social media for help65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Mental-health and campus-safety resources are forbidden topics among parents.B. How to Raise an Adult encourages parents to get engaged in family education.C. Overparenting is no longer a problem because of students’ self-reliance.D. There was less student-parent communication in the past than today.66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Why Colleges Need Helicopter ParentsB. How to Improve Parent-school RelationsC. Why Overparenting Is in QuestionD. How to Communicate More as ParentsSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The two types of comics are created in very different ways.B. But for people who love comic books, they can be a fantastic escape from the tough realities of modern life.C. They find it hard to understand why comic books appeal so many people.D. Comics have lost its charm in America.E. In Japan, the contrast couldn’t be greater.F. Manga heroes look smaller, younger than all-conquering American heroes who have large muscles and lots of themed clothes.Japanese and American Comic Book HeroesTo some people, the idea of reading comic books seems childish. 67 Comics are published globally, but Japanese and American versions dominate the market despite the fact — or perhaps because — they differ in a number of ways.68 American comics are a group effort, beginning with the story-writing team and the artist who produces drawings of initial ideas. When these drafts are finalized, the outlines, dialogue, and color are added. Also, creators of comic superheroes sometimes sell their titles to other creative teams, who keep the superhero “alive.” This is in sharp contrast to manga（日本漫画）creators, who are often individual authors merely responsible for the storylines, dialogue, and artwork. When a manga creator decides to stop, so does the hero.Another difference is the appearance of the heroes. 69 Also, manga heroes rarely look Japanese, and the stories do not typically take place in a Japanese context. However, American comic heroes, despite their masks, are proudly American and are admired for their readiness to defend U.S. cities.Probably the biggest difference is the readership. Up until the 1950s, American comic books were read by both children and adults, with popular titles such as Superman selling as many as half a million copies per month. The arrival of TV, however, led to a decline in sales so that now the average reader of an American comic book is a teenage boy with an interest in superheroes. 70 There manga sales are still booming, reaching as high as $ 7 billion each year largely because readers range from young boys and girls up to middle-aged men and women. Manga for men and boys, like the American comics, tend to be action-oriented, while manga for women and girls tend to be focused on relationships.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ShynessIf you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal phenomenon. It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes.The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life. Today’s children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby. Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbors and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel shy whenthey start school.A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one’s culture. In a large study conducted in Japan, 57 percent of participants rated themselves as shy. Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, “One explanation is that in Japan, an individual’s performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while failure is entirely blamed on the person.” Therefore, Japanese learn no t to take risks in public and rely instead on group-shared decisions.Technology may also play a role. In the United States, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40 percent to 50 percent in recent years. Due to our huge advances in technology, watching television, playing video games, and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of technology. Face-to-face interactions with bank clerks, gas station attendants, and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banking, fill their gas tanks, and order goods. In short, they become shy.It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives. Therefore, if you are shy, you have lots of company.第II卷(共40分)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你不必在乎他人对你的评论。

2014学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷2015.4 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the clinic. B. At the airport. C. On the playground. D. In the prison.2. A. $2. B. $4. C. $12. D. $24.3. A. Customer and shop assistant. B. Mother and son.C. Husband and wife.D. Teacher and student.4. A. Decoration. B. Traffic. C. Space. D. Noise.5. A. Advertisements. B. TV programs. C. Shopping. D. Forms ofpastime.6. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.7. A. Some people tell a lot more than they know.B. Some people like to hide their thoughts.C. What the woman said is wrong.D. He knows more than the woman does.8. A. He is not equal to the job.B. He is not well paid for his work.C. He doesn’t think the job is challenging enough.D. He can not keep mind on his work.9. A. She shouldn’t listen to Mark anymore.B. She should pay little attention to what Mark says.C. She shouldn’t do things negatively.D. She should take Mark’s remarks seriously.10.A. She thinks the pollution level is too serious to be true.B. She is sure that the equipment is broken.C. She doesn’t believe the man at all.D. She is annoyed by the wrong report about the pollution level.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Receiving phone calls. B. Visiting awkward people.C. Working out a plan.D. Having a tiring meeting.12.A. People preferring regular working hours. B. People who are lively and open.C. Both males and females.D. People without a driving license.13.A. Policewoman. B. Sales representative.C. Secretary.D. Tour guide.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. They haven’t devoted to medicine as much as to space travel.B. There are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.C. It is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.D. They believe people can recover without treatment.15.A. They reveal the seriousness of the problem. B. They indicate how fast the virus spreads.C. They tell us what kind of medicine to take.D. They show our body is fighting the virus.16.A. It actually does more harm than good.B. It causes damage to some organs of our body.C. It works better when combined with other treatments.D. It helps us to recover much sooner.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NOT MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)As you get older, it feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines (25) we age and that makes time move quickly.We perceive time as something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the (26) (likely) you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by (or, more accurately, it feels as if time is going by) more quickly, the older we get.In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as (27) years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we (28) (accomplish) a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines.For example, try to remember (29) happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday, etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences, point out things we’ve never done, recommend dishes we’ve never tasted and suggest places we’ve never been. Such an app (30) make our lives more varied, encourage us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.(31) such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It’s not too difficult to push (32) to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences（吊唁，慰问）on behalf of the nation, and made it clear that he will have every single resource that he needs (33) (investigate) this heinous（令人发指的）crime, care for the victims, comfort their families.(34) ______ (endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years. And each time Ilearn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would — as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there’s not a parent in America who doesn’t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do.The majority of those (35) died today were children — beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them —birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the (36) (fall) were also teachers —men and women who devoted their lives to (37) (help) our children fulfill their dreams.So our hearts are broken today — for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of these little children, and for the families of the adults who (38) (lose). Our hearts are broken for the parents of the survivors as well, for as blessed as they are to have their children home tonight, they know that their children’s innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain.As a country, we have been through this too many times. (39) it’s an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theater in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago — these neighborhoods are our neighborhoods, and these children are our children. And we’re going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies (40) this, regardless of the politics.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Posting a photo of the food you’re about to eat on WeChat has become a daily ritual（惯例；仪式）for many. Often this food in the photo isn’t as appealing to those looking at it, but scientists are now claiming taking a photo of your food before you eat it makes it taste better.Researchers at University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management claim taking a photo puts you in the moment and in doing so, heightens your (41)______. The person taking the photo will, on some level, feel the motivation to continue the practice.Researchers wondered about the power of rituals after noticing the funny (42)______ that people often perform before eating and drinking. They conducted experiments to investigate whether these kinds of habitual behaviour influences taste.In the first experiment, some participants were asked to eat a piece of chocolate following a detailed set of (43)______: ‘Without unwrapping the chocolate bar, break it in half. Unwrap half of the bar and eat it. Then, unwrap the other half and eat it.’The other participants were (44)______ instructed to relax for a short amount of time and then eat the chocolate bar however they wanted.The results showed that those who had performed the ritual rated the chocolate more (45)______, enjoyed it more, and were willing to pay more for the chocolate than the other group.A second experiment (46)______ these findings, showing that (47)______ movements don’t produce a more enjoyable eating experience. The data also (48)______ that a longer delay between ritual and consumption enhanced these effects, even with a common food like carrots.While these rituals may seem insignificant, the researchers note that the effects they produce are quite amazing. And while rituals are (49)______ before mealtimes, they could play a role in other (50)______, too.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An examination is a very important part of life, which is used to test a person’s ability. But as you know many of us has (51)_____ and are afraid of it. Though they know that exams are there for their benefit, they still have a lot of fear for it. It is very often we find such people. You will find such people a little anxious and a little stressed about their exams. Many a time such nerves can be (52)_____ and useful to you, for others it’s nerve wrecking.To overcome these nerves we got some tips for you. Don’t get too excited about the exams and for that don’t drink too much of the coffee or tea to cope up with the exam (53)_____. Eat a healthy and proper diet and don’t worry about the exams while eating. Stress can be harmful to you (54)_____ sometimes. It can cause a lot of problems in your body, which can be increased heartbeat and breath, sweating palms, nervous attitude, stressed about exams, etc...Before moving to the examination hall you prepare thoroughly about the exams. For that firstly make a list of what is to be studied and then make an overlook for that. Now divide each subject into some easy sub-classes. Go through some (55)_____ question papers and study your earlier mistakes made in it. Make a perfect schedule for your study. Overlook the (56) _____ used for answering the questions I mean their pattern and style of writing. Solve few more question papers to achieve a proper time (57)_____. Take some quick breaks in your study time so that you can (58)_____ an interest in your study.Now while taking the exams just relax, control your breath and believe in yourself. Don’t panic and be optimistic. Try to reduce your stress and be happy. Don’t (59)_____ at least an hour before the exams, just get yourself calmed down. Keep your focus on the paper and tell yourself that you are (60)_____ prepared. For exams reach before the time and try to (61)_____ in the surroundings. Don’t listen to any of the exam rumours before exams. If you still can’t control your exam stress then go for some meditation or hypnosis（冥想或催眠）.Yes, hypnosis, a real good and (62)_____ way to control your nerves and reduce your stress. It can be seen that a person’s whole life changes completely only from few of the (63)_____ instructions. In hypnosis a person directly deals you’re your subconscious mind instead of your conscious mind. The fact is your subconscious mind is a lot more (64)_____ and following than your conscious mind, so instructing correctly to your subconscious mind results terrific in reducing your nerves. Hypnosis reduces your fear of failure and (65)_____ a sense of confidence in you. It decreases your negativity and forces you to think positively about your exams. You also multiples your potential. You simply need to get your hands on the hypnosis for examination MP3.This is easily downloadable and you’ll be well on your path to combating and overcoming the condition.51.A. interest B. panic C. faith D. concept52.A. motivating B. suffering C. shocking D. spreading53.A. participation B. motivation C. expansion D. tension54.A. mentally B. physically C. continuously D. exhaustingly55.A. previous B. patient C. personal D. current56.A. preparations B. lessons C. schedules D. techniques57.A. administration B. management C. limitation D. scale58.A. entertain B. contain C. maintain D. complain59.A. revise B. rush C. instruct D. discuss60.A. normally B. informally C. comparatively D. completely61.A. mix B. resolve C. adjust D. focus62.A. instructive B. significant C. effective D. romantic63.A. appropriate B. splendid C. original D. negative64.A. impatient B. obedient C. ordinary D. desirable65.A. enjoys B. shakes C. generates D. generalizesSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThere were so many nights when I, as a young boy, had to watch helplessly as my father verbally and physically abused my mother. I can still recall the smell of alcohol, see the fear in my mother’s eyes, and feel the hopeless misery that comes when we see people we love hurting each other in incomprehensible ways.I would not wish that experience on anyone, especially not a child. If I settle down in those memories, I can feel myself wanting to hurt my father back, in the same ways he hurts my mother and in ways of which I was incapable as a small boy. I see my mother’s face and I see this gentle human being whom I loved so very much and who did nothing to deserve the pain imposed upon her.When I recall this story, I realize how difficult the process of forgiving truly is. Intellectually, I know my father caused pain because he was in pain. Spiritually, I know my faith tells me my father deserves to be forgiven as God forgive us all. But it is still difficult. The sufferings we have witnessed or experienced live on in our memories. Even years later they can cause us fresh pain each time we recall them.Are you hurt and suffering? Is the injury new, or is it an old, unhealed wound? Know that what was done to you was wrong, unfair, and undeserved. You are right to be outraged. And it is perfectly normal to want to hurt back when you have been hurt. But hurting back rarely satisfies. We think it will, but it doesn’t. If I slap you after you slap me, it does not lessen the sting I feel on my own face, nor does it weaken my sadness as to the fact you have struck me. Revenge gives, at best, only momentary relief from our emotional pain. The only way to experience healing andpeace is to forgive. Until we can forgive, we remain locked in our pain and locked out of the possibility of experiencing healing and freedom; locked out of the possibility of being at peace.Without forgiveness, we remain tied to the person who harmed us. We are bound with chains of bitterness, trapped. Until we can forgive the person who harmed us, that person will hold the keys to our happiness; that person will be our jailer (监狱看守).When we forgive, we take back control of our own fate and our feelings. We become our own liberators. Forgiveness, in other words, is the best form of self-interest. This is true both spiritually and scientifically. We don’t forgive to help the other person. We don’t forgive for others. We forgive for ourselves.66.Why did the writer mention the story of his father’s abuse of his mom?A. Because he loved his mom and wanted to fight back someday.B. Because his father finally realized his own mistake and was forgiven.C. Because witnessing his mom’s suffering is still hurting him and has no way to relieve.D. Because he felt that he was spiritually relieved from the pain through forgiveness.67.The writer wrote the article in order to tell people that _____.A. we may never heal our pains or sufferings in the heart unless we learn to forgiveB. we should never forget the sufferings buried in our heartsC. we may get tied to the person who harmed us all through lifeD. we shouldn’t worry about the pains we caused, since forgiving is always easier thanimagined68.What is the 4th paragraph mainly about?A. Hurting back does no good to relieving one’s own hurts, but forgiving.B. If someone slaps you, you just slap back, which will lessen your pain.C. The sufferings we have witnessed or experienced will live on in our memories for ever.D. After being hurt, if one wants to experience healing and freedom, he should forget thehurt.69.Which of the following statements is the closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?A. In order to help others, we should stop forgiving and fight back.B. The purpose of our forgiving is not to help other people.C. Our forgiving is also useful to helping others, though they may have hurt us.D. Only by forgiving others can we help them to be good people.BWriting a book review is not like writing a fiction, where you have your freedom to express any type of literary mood. Here, you are limited within the scope, which is related only to the book or the literature and nothing else. To write a proper literary review, you should follow some important dos and don’ts, which are discussed here.Top 3 dosSelect a literature of your choice and read it thoroughly. If required, you should read itmultiple times, before you really frame up the literary review in your mind. While reading, try to assimilate the thoughts and philosophy of the author behind the book and also to analyze all the characters and events described in the literary piece. Start to pen down your literary analysis only when you have a complete understanding of the book, and not before that.Prepare your write-up based on your understanding of the book. Since you are reviewing the book, your opinion plays an important role here. If you prefer any particular character or any particular instance from the book, then expose that character or the situation in your review, to give it more importance. Also determine your preference with supporting logic. Ultimately it is your understanding of the book, and it can differ from others’ viewpoint. But you should stick to your opinion.Follow a proper format to construct your book review. It should have a proper introduction and a conclusion, other than the usual subject body. Distribute the subject body in chapters and paragraphs, to give a nice, structured look. Also, add a list of reference material at the end of the book. A structured material always carries a good impression and also, it helps the reader to go through the article at ease.Top 3 don’tsBook reviews are not exactly meant for writing a summary on the books. The objective of writing a book review is to arouse the curiosity in the mind of the readers. If someone mentions everything in the summary then the actual intention is lost.As mentioned earlier, one should not cross your limit to write a literary review. Do not bring up unnecessary topics to increase the length of the write-up, which is not at all related to the book. The readers want to learn about the book and not something irrelevant. Also, a smart and crisp writing helps to create a positive impression.You can go through reference books or articles on your subject, before you start preparing your article. But that should be completely with the intention of getting help in your understanding of the book. These reference items will help to strengthen your grip on the subject. But, you should never copy a single line of text from any other document or write-up. Plagiarism(剽窃), in any form, is a punishable offence by law. It will also destroy your reputation and close all the future avenues in this field.If you can follow the above dos and don’ts religiously to write a book review, then it is going to be more original and interesting.70.Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “assimilate”inparagraph 2?A. stimulateB. fertilizeC. digestD. enhance71.The purpose of writing a review on a book is _____.A. to show your understanding of the thoughts and philosophy of the author behind thebookB. to show that you really stick to your own opinion though you’ve read the bookC. to arouse reader s’ curiosity to read more books on irrelevant topicsD. to spark reader s’ interests in finding the book and reading it72.Which of the following is NOT true about the “dos”?A. Before writing a book review, you’d better read it thoroughly or many times.B. Write down your literary analysis when reading the book.C. If you are interested in certain situation in the book, you can hardly give it too muchimportance in your review.D. A good review consists of a proper introduction and a conclusion, as well as anice-structured subject body.73.The following statements are “don’ts” when writing a summary except _____.A. going through reference books or articles on your subject, before you start preparing yourarticleB. presenting all the detailed description of the book in the summaryC. the thought or action of putting anything irrelevant to the book into the summaryD. any forms of copying the text from others’ written workCThe orangutan (红毛猩猩), the most inactive of the great apes,has unusually stable DNA, too. Researchers have just completed thesequencing(序列) of the entire genome(基因组) of ourorange-haired relative, and they have found to their surprise that itsDNA has changed much less dramatically over time than has that ofhumans or chimpanzees. “The orangutan is very unique,” says DevinLocke, a structural geneticist heading the orangutan sequencingproject.The orangutan genome had one other big surprise. Locke andcolleagues sequenced six Sumatran and five Bornean orangutans, which are classified as different species. The apes have been physically separated for at least 21,000 years—the last time land bridges between the two islands existed—and earlier studies estimated that they became distinct species more than 1 million years ago. But the new analysis, reported online today in Nature, rewrites history: it appears they parted ways just 400,000 years ago. “Most previous studies used small sets of markers and a limited amount of DNA sequence,”says Locke. “The statistical power is so much greater when you have the whole genome available.”The orangutan now joins chimpanzees and humans as the third great ape to have its genome sequenced. “The orangutan genome is a wonderful resource,”says evolutionary geneticist Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. “It will help clarify how each part of human and African ape genomes are related to each other and evolved.”Such insights are already coming in. Orangutans originated some 12 million to 16 million years ago, giving their genomes much more time to evolve than those of humans and chimpanzees, which split into their own lineages（血统）5 million to 6 million years ago. But a comparison of the three genomes shows that humans and chimpanzees lose or gain new genes at twice the rate of orangutans.The reason may have to do with stretches of DNA called retrotransposons. These key drivers of evolution jump around the genome, creating new genes, damaging existing ones, or alteringgene regulation. The new data reveal that common retrotransposons known as Alu elements have moved around the orangutan genome much less than they have in the human and chimpanzee genomes. “I don’t want to say that ‘Alu retrotransposition events’are shut off in orangutans, but they’ve been covered up,” says Locke.The researchers also discovered that, over time, the structure of orangutan chromosomes （染色体）has changed little, which may be linked to the Alu element finding. Other researchers have suggested that the strong and healthy structural variation in humans and chimps may have stimulated increased intelligence. But Locke notes that orangutans are also highly intelligent. “If orangutans have had very little structural variation, maybe this decouples structural variation from intelligence,” he says.A separate but related study published today in Genome Research reports yet another unexpected finding from a comparison of the three great ape genomes. A team led by Mikkel H. Schierup and Thomas Mailund of Aarhus University in Denmark (both co-authors of the Nature report) discovered that some regions of the human genome more closely resemble the orangutan than the chimpanzee. This reflects the fact that at the time humans split off from a common ancestor with chimps, both species had the same ancestral orangutan DNA. But humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately for millions of years. In the process, chimps for mysterious reasons lost some orangutan DNA that humans kept possession of.More surprises are sure to come as researchers compare the genomes of even more apes. Projects to sequence the other two great apes, gorillas and bonobos, are under way.74.Orangutans from two islands, Sumatran and Bornean, became different species since ______.A. at least 21,000 years agoB. over 1 million years agoC. some 12 million to 16 million years agoD. 400,000 years ago75.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?A. Compared with the DNA of orangutan, chimpanzee’s is less changed over time.B. Only three apes’ genomes have been sequenced up to now.C. Humans’ ancestors stepped on their way of evolution 12 to 16 millions years ago.D. Chimpanzees gain new genes faster than orangutans do in evolution.76.The reason of orangutan’s little change in DNA is that _____.A. this species is not as active in intelligence as humans or chimpanzees.B. the newly identified Alu elements is believed to have played a special roleC. Alu retrotranspositions in orangutan are shut off during the course of evolutionD. orangutan’s low intelligence fails to stimulate the change of its DNA77.Some region of human genome is more similar to that of orangutan than chimp’s because_____.A. human and orangutan share the same ancestor, but chimp doesn’tB. humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately for millions of yearsC. chimps failed to hang on to orangutan DNA for some unknown reason, but human didn’tD. chimps didn’t act as actively as humans, resulting in their losing some critical orangutanDNASection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.____________________________________________Technology means different things to different people. A physician might think of technology as a way to produce a new medicine. To a space engineer, it might mean making better rocket engines. Technology is so widespread that it is part of everyone’s life. Originally, the word technology comes from the Greek word techne, which means “art”. You might think that art means only paintings or sculpture. But the Greeks believed an artist could make useful products from natural materials such as trees, rocks, and plants.What school subjects are related to technology?Though people’s opinions vary on what groups of technology should be broken down to, you, when in school, may have the question: Why should you study technology? That question is easy to answer. Technology is fun, rewarding, and exciting. It is fun because you get to work with your hands. It is rewarding because you get to see the results of your work. Each day it brings new ideas and new challenges, which make technology exciting. Studying technology will also help you develop your problem-solving skills. You can learn to identify a problem and come up with a solution. You will also find that technology is related to other subjects that you study in school such as:MathematicsScienceSocial studiesEnglish language artsArtYou might enjoy all of your classes more after you begin to see the relationships between technology and other subjects.Do you know what “technologically literate”means?Technology is often in the news. A journalist might report on a particular electrical power plant, a food additive, or a safety device on an automobile. It is important that you understand the importance of technology. Every day in many ways, technology affects the lives of people around the world. For example, automobile air bags have saved many lives in collisions. However, they inflate so quickly that they have caused injury and death in some cases. As a result, the federal government allows car owners to install an on/off switch for the air bags. Do you think the government should let people do this? To answer this question, you first need to know something about the technology being discussed.Does working on a small engine sound difficult to you? With a basic understanding of technology, it might not be as hard as you think. Being technologically literate means understanding technology and feeling comfortable with it. Sometimes there is no one correct answer to a problem. You need to think about and evaluate each situation, and then make a decision. When you can do this, you will be technologically literate.。

2015上海市徐汇区春考模拟高三英语模拟试卷2015.1 I. Listening Comprehension (共10分)Section A (共6分，每小题2分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear one short passage, and you will be asked three questions on the passage. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 1 through 3 are based on the following passage.1. A. 13 B. 20 C. 30 D. 402. A. Some people are to blame for setting fires deliberately.B. The trees are kept so dry as to catch fire easily due to the weather.C. There are not enough firemen to help put out the fires throughout the country.D. The aid from France, Italy, and Germany fail to come in time.3. A. He tried to blow up the Olympic committee‟s headquarter s.B. He thought that lighting fire officially was really interesting.C. He was refused to carry torch in Olympics because he was not famous.D. He thought it was a good way to get out of jail.Section B (共4分，每小题1分）Directions: In Section B，you will hear one conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 4 through 7 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each blank.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (共30分)Section A (共10分，每小题1分）Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.8.—You are supposed to graduate soon, aren‟t you?—Yes, in a short while, I‟ll be free _____ all my worries.A. withB. ofC. aboutD. at9._____ rapid spread of railways and the increase in ocean transport that made long-distancetravelling more common.A. Since theB. It was thatC. It was theD. There was the10.Evidence came up ______ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6months old.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whose11._____ with the size of the whole universe, even the biggest star we can observe doesn‟t seembig at all.A. When comparedB. CompareC. While comparingD. Comparing12.Peter, your hair wants _____. You‟d better have it done right now.A. cutB. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut13._____ out of money, we had to pick a cheap hotel for the night.A. To almost runB. Have almost runC. Had almost runD. Having almost run14.Environmental concerns that worry many never seem _____ any effect on William, who isalways optimistic about the future.A. havingB. to haveC. to have hadD. had15.In the time of the week, _____ he spent in the mountain, he saw many rare birds.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which16.The man coming back from Africa has been isolated _____ we know that he hasn‟t caught thedeadly disease, Ebola.A. whenB. sinceC. unlessD. until17.The greater the population there is in a region, _____ for water, food and transportation.A. the greater the needB. there is greater needC. is the greater needD. the great needSection B (共10分，每小题1分）Directions: Read the text below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.“A DVD retails for $10 or more. Out of that, we writers 18______ (current) get 4 or 5 cents. We‟re asking to get 8 cents per DVD. The producers and others say we‟re asking for too much.” That is television writer Saul Bloom‟s 19_______ (argue) as to why the Writers Guild of America is going on strike tomorrow.The strike by TV and movie writers will greatly 20_______ (effective) TV and movie production. The last such strike, in 1988, cost the industry half a billion dollars. That strike lasted five months. Such a strike affects everyone in the business, from TV and movie industry executives all the way down to the people selling popcorn at local movie theaters. It is estimated that this one would be 21_______ (bad) than the last.All movies presently in production that require the skills of active writers will halt production. TV networks will 22_______ (substitution) new game shows and “reality” shows that don‟t require professional writers. In addition, of course, there will be plenty of reruns. TV viewers in search of fresh programs might have to switch to cable TV or rent DVDs. A recent nationwide poll indicates that the general public strongly supports the writers, who are thought to be underpaid and 23_______ (appreciate).“Writers are too 24_______ (demand) ,” complained Reese Majors, vice president of CEC Entertainment, a production company with seven shows airing weekly on networ k TV. “They think they are so 25_______ (speciality). All they do is type a bunch of words onto a piece of paper. My six-year-old can do that. They claim that writing is work. But how can it be work when it is done in the comfort of their homes? How can yo u call sitting at home …work‟? The 26_______ (act) and the crew have to go on location, where they must battle the cold, the heat, the jet lag, and the 27_______ (lonely) of being away from home. No home cooking for them—they have to eat catered meals. But you don‟t hear them comp laining for four more cents per DVD!”Section C (共10分，每小题1分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A food called “nutraloaf” has been used for many years in US priso ns. But prisoners claim that it tastes so bad that the food is actually 28 . They say that prison officials must 29 the prisoner with some type of disobedience 30 they can punish him by making him eat nutraloaf. At least one prisoner has filed a lawsuit 31 the use of nutraloaf. Prison officials say the prisoners are overreacting. They say that nutraloaf is a nutritious food. “It‟s just like fruitcake,” said one warden(典狱长). Nutraloaf is a mixture of bread, cheese, raw and cooked vegetables, beans, and other 32 which may vary from season to season and prison to prison.Prison officials say that using nutraloaf, a “hand” food, increases prison 33 , because prison ers don‟t have utensils or plates to throw at or use against guards or other prisoners. Officials 34 distribute nutraloaf for days at a time when one or more prisoners act unruly.“What are they 35 about? I wish I could have had nutraloaf when I wa s growing up,” said Bob Hope, a prison warden in Arkansas. “It tastes a lot 36 than the grits and corn breadI ate every day. These guys have a lot of nerve to complain. I‟ve eaten it myself many times—I just pop it into the microwave for a minute, spr ead a little butter on it, and enjoy. What‟s their beef? Prisoners are just a bunch of whiners(悲嗥者). If they want five-star prison 37 , they should commit their crimes in France.”28.A. entertainment B. punishment C. implement D. compliment29.A. charge B. challenge C. oblige D. oppress30.A. until B. after C. unless D. before31.A. against B. for C. by D. from32.A. chemicals B. ingredients C. extinguisher D. fertilizer33.A. safety B. administration C. therapy D. aggressiveness34.A. officially B. intelligently C. impatiently D. routinely35.A. talking B. speaking C. complaining D. moving36.A. funnier B. worse C. better D. more bitter37.A. bread B. food C. spirit D. nutrientIII. Reading Comprehension (共30分)Section A (共22分，每小题2分）Directions:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)It was a rainy morning two years ago. Shirley Huxham was cycling gently downhill. As she waved to a friend, her bike slid uncontrollably on the wet road, throwing her to the ground. “I‟d never eve n thought of buying a helmet,” she says. For months she was partly paralysed(瘫痪的) down her left side and still has health problems today.Some might think that Shirley was just unlucky. How dangerous can it be to fall from a bicycle? In fact, each year on Britain‟s roads more than 200 people are killed and at least 4,000 seriously injured on bicycles. But these numbers don‟t tell the whole story: the majority of the dead and injured were not wearing helmets.A study of bicycle accidents in the US found that helmets could reduce the risk of serioushead injury by 85 percent. Yet it is estimated that in Britain, no more than five percent of bicycle-riders wear helmets. Why don‟t more cyclists wear them?People think that helmets look foolish, that they‟re inconvenient, and that accidents only happen to other people.One of the wrong ideas bicyclists have is that lower speeds can put them at less risk than motorcyclists, who are legally obliged to wear helmets. In fact, according to a British report, a higher percentage of bicyclists than motorcyclists suffer head injuries. And their injuries can be just as severe.Helmets, however, can make a big difference. Shirley wasn‟t just unlucky. If she had worn a helmet, she wouldn‟t have spent months in hospital. Why take the risk?38.The reason why Shirley got badly injured was that _____.A. She was riding her bicycle downhill too fast.B. Her friend‟s waving to her made her lose control.C. She ignored the importance of wearing a helmet.D. The ground was barely wet.39.Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?A. Wearing helmets will reduce the risk of being killed by 85%.B. Nearly 5 percent of bicycle-riders wear no helmet in UK.C. Motorcyclists suffer more head injuries than bicyclists.D. In UK a motorcyclist‟s wearing no helmet is against the law.40.People don‟t like wearing helmets due to the following reasons except _____.A. Wearing helmets makes them look silly.B. They don‟t think wearing a helmet is convenient.C. Falling off a bicycle only happens to other people.D. Wearing a helmet is not fashionable at all.(B)Asian Immigration to AmericaMany Chinese immigrants began crossing the Pacific to arrive in the United States in the mid-1800s. By that time, China‟s population had reached about 430 million, and the country wassuffering from severe unemployment, poverty, and famine(饥荒). The 1848 discovery of gold in California began to tempt Chinese immigrants to the United States. Then, in 1850, the Taiping Rebellion broke out in their homeland. This rebellion against the Chinese government took some 20 million lives and caused such suffering that thousands of Chinese left for the United States. In the early 1860s, as the Central Pacific Railroad began construction of its portion of the transcontinental railroad, the demand for railroad workers further increased Chinese immigration.Chinese immigrants mainly settled in western cities, where they often worked as laborers or servants or in skilled trades. Others worked as merchants. Because native-born Americans kept them out of many businesses, some Chinese immigrants opened their own.Another group of Asians, the Japanese, also immigrated to the United States. Until 1900, however, their numbers remained small. Between 1900 and 1908, large numbers of Japanese migrated to the United States as Japan began building both an industrial economy and an empire. Both developments interrupted the economy of Japan and caused hardships for its people, thus stimulating emigration.Until 1910 Asian immigrants arriving in San Francisco first stopped at a two-story shelter at the wharf (码头). As many as 500 people at a time were often squeezed into this structure, which Chinese immigrants from Canton called muk uk, or “wooden house.” In January 1910, California opened a few barracks on Angel Island to accommodate the Asian immigrants. Most of the immigrants were young males in their teens or twenties, who nervously awaited the results of their immigration hearings in dormitories packed with double or triple tiers of bunks. This unpleasant delay could last for months. On the walls of the detention barracks, the immigrants wrote anonymous poems in pencil or ink. Some even carved their verse into the wood.41.Which of the following statements is NOT the reason of Chinese immigration to America?A. The population explosion led to severe unemployment, poverty, and famine.B. The discovery of gold in the United States was a great temptation to Chinese immigrants.C. The great suffering caused by Taiping Rebellion forced many people leave China.D. The United States needed great man power to complete its railroad construction.42.When Chinese immigrants got to America, they usually took the following jobs except______?A. Railroad constructorsB. Family servantsC. Governmental officialsD. Businessmen43.The Japanese immigrated to the United States at the beginning of the 1900s because _______.A. the numbers of Japanese immigrants stayed low until 1900B. the Japanese immigrants to the States wanted to learn moreC. the enormous social changes were taking place in JapanD. the Japanese immigrants wanted to do more businesses in the new world.44.What does the underlined word mean?A. Foods.B. Camps.C. Wharfs.D. Customs.(C)Management Consultant Suzy Welch remembers the moment 14 years ago when her life “imploded(压破).”She was speaking to an auditorium full of insurance executives in Hawaii when she saw the faces of two of her children, then six and five, pressed against the glass door. She had parked them in a dance class, but they‟d fled out to find her. She wrapped up her remarks and canceled the Q&A. “I was trying to please everyone but pleasing no-one,” she says, “I had to rethink the way I made my decisions.”Author of the bestselling Winning(written with husband Jack Welch, former head of GE), Suzy Welch, 49, has a new book, 10-10-10, that details the strategy she created after the tremendous decision-making moment. The mother of four explains: “When faced with a vital decision, ask yourself, how will my choice affect my life ten minutes from now? Ten months from now? Ten years from now?“Too often we decide something by avoiding the immediate ouch. But by looking at the middle and longer time frames as well as the short-term, we‟re accessing our real values. My business trip is an example. Had I applied the strategy to it back then, I would have declined it. I had other work travel coming up. I was needed at home.“Many people have found …10-10-10‟ thrilling. An entrepreneur moved forward with a new business plan but without the girlfriend, who didn‟t share his goals. A mum of a troubled teen finally got him to a psychologist after putting it off. Often, in our most stressful moments, wemake decisions by instinct only. Or we ask a friend for advice. Or we make no decision and suffer for it. We can live much more deliberately by taking control of choices and really understanding them.“Sure, there‟s still room for spontaneity(自发的行为). But when you look at things from three distinct time frames and assess the consequences, never again will you say, …I have no idea why I made this decision.‟”45.What did Suzy do to her two kids before addressing those executives 14 years ago?A. She left them in a car in a parking lot.B. She had a dance class together with the two kids.C. She fed the kids a lot of food and let them sleep.D. She just left them in a dance class.46.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Suzy and her husband used to work in GE, and they achieved great success in business.B. Suzy and her husband had four children.C. Suzy believed that many people reached a decision by avoiding direct pains.D. Suzy failed to give up her work travel because she hadn‟t had her great strategies then.47.Which of the following is probably one of the strategies in Suzy‟s book?A. When doing business, you should learn to please everyone.B. Before making a vital decision, you should ask yourself instead of others.C. When carrying out a new plan, you‟d better take your girlfriend.D. The assessment of consequences plays a vital role in decision-making.48.Suzy‟s new book was mainly about _______.A. how to deal with numbers when doing businessB. how to make decisions by following her strategiesC. how to obtain more benefits in businessD. how to make detailed strategies in businessSection B (共8分，每小题2分）Directions: Read the following passage and complete the sentences that follow. Write one word ormore in each space.HOW TO LOOK GOOD IN FAMILY PHOTOS“Knowing how to take a fabulous photo will be the difference between great memories and memories where you wish you were cropped out of the frame,” says image consultant and author Clare Maxfield. Put her tips into action now.FOR THE FACE: ♦ Stick your tongue to the roof of your mouth as you smile. It reduces the double-chineffect. ♦ Keep your chin down for a pleasing line. And tilt your head slightly for a morefriendly look.♦ Say Cheese! This is not as silly as it sounds. It opens your mouth into a natural smile.♦ Natural make-up is best. Rich, shiny lip-gloss can make lips appear too large, so use cautiously.♦ Have the photographer stand above you soyour chin is naturally facing down andyour eyes widen.FOR THE BODY:♦ Hold your elbows out from your body. Think chicken wings, only avoid the squawk!♦ Give your body a slight twist. Turn your feet away from the camera and bring your body around from your waist for a slimmer and shapelier look.♦ Medium-tone colours are best. Very light colours can make you look larger, while dark colours can get lost in the picture. ♦ Don‟t wear too many patterns. If you are a large person, avoid even prints as they‟re easier to follow and will overstress your size.49.If you want to hide your double-chin when taking a photo, you‟d better _________________.50.Your eyes will probably widen if you ___________________________when taking photos.51.You may fail to be noticed in a photo if you _______________________.52.The two factors making you look bigger in a picture are ____________________________. IV. Writing (共30分）Section A (共6分，每小题2分）Directions: Complete the following sentences in English according to the sentences given in Chinese.53.由于被一只蜜蜂蛰过，每次看到蜜蜂他都会转身就跑。

2014学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三年级英语学科2015.1 I. Listening prehension (共10分)Section A (共6分，每小题2分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear one short passage, and you will be asked three questions on the passage. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 1 through 3 are based on the following passage.1. A. 13 B. 20 C. 30 D. 402. A. Some people are to blame for setting fires deliberately.B. The trees are kept so dry as to catch fire easily due to the weather.C. There are not enough firemen to help put out the fires throughout the country.D. The aid from France, Italy, and Germany fail to e in time.3. A. He tried to blow up the Olympic mittee’s headquarter s.B. He thought that lighting fire officially was really interesting.C. He was refused to carry torch in Olympics because he was not famous.D. He thought it was a good way to get out of jail.Section B (共4分，每小题1分）Directions: In Section B，you will hear one conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 4 through 7 are based on the following conversation.plete the form. Write ONE WORD for each blank.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (共30分)Section A (共10分，每小题1分）Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best pletes the sentence.8.—You are supposed to graduate soon, aren’t you? —Yes, in a short while, I’ll be free_____ all my worries.A. with B. of C. about D. at9._____ rapid spread of railways and the increase in ocean transport that made long-distancetravelling more mon. A. Since the B. It was that C. It was the D. There was the10.Evidence came up ______ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6months old. A. what B. which C. that D. whose11._____ with the size of the whole universe, even the biggest star we can observe doesn’t seembig at all. A. When pared B. pare C. While paring D.paring12.Peter, your hair wants _____. You’d better have it done right now. A. cut B. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut13._____ out of money, we had to pick a cheap hotel for the night. A. To almost runB. Have almost runC. Had almost runD. Having almost run14.Environmental concerns that worry many never seem _____ any effect on William, who isalways optimistic about the future. A. having B. to have C. to have hadD. had15.In the time of the week, _____ he spent in the mountain, he saw many rare birds. A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which16.The man ing back from Africa has been isolated _____ we know that he hasn’t caught thedeadly disease, Ebola. A. when B. since C. unless D. until17.The greater the population there is in a region, _____ for water, food and transportation. A. thegreater the need B. there is greater need C. is the greater needD. the great needSection B (共10分，每小题1分）Directions: Read the text below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.“A DVD retails for $10 or more. Out of that, we writers 18______ (current) get 4 or 5 cents. We’re asking to get 8 cents per DVD. The producers and others say we’re asking for too much.” That is television writer Saul Bloom’s 19_______ (argue) as to why the Writers Guild of America is going on strike tomorrow.The strike by TV and movie writers will greatly 20_______ (effective) TV and movieproduction. The last such strike, in 1988, cost the industry half a billion dollars. That strike lasted five months. Such a strike affects everyone in the business, from TV and movie industry executives all the way down to the people selling popcorn at local movie theaters. It is estimated that this one would be 21_______ (bad) than the last.All movies presently in production that require the skills of active writers will halt production. TV networks will 22_______ (substitution) new game shows and “reality” shows that don’t require professional writers. In addition, of course, there will be plenty of reruns. TV viewers in search of fresh programs might have to switch to cable TV or rent DVDs. A recent nationwide poll indicates that the general public strongly supports the writers, who are thought to be underpaid and 23_______ (appreciate).“Writers are too 24_______ (demand) ,” plained Reese Majors, vice president of CEC Entertainment, a production pany with seven shows airing weekly on network TV. “They think they are so 25_______ (speciality). All they do is type a bunch of words onto a piece of paper. My six-year-old can do that. They claim that writing is work. But how can it be work when it is done in the fort of their homes? How can you call sitting at home ‘work’? The 26_______ (act) and the crew have to go on location, where they must battle the cold, the heat, the jet lag, and the 27_______ (lonely) of being away from home. No home cooking for them—they have to eat catered meals. But you don’t hear them plaining for four more cents per DVD!”Section C (共10分，每小题1分）Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A food called “nutraloaf” has been used for many yea rs in US prisons. But prisoners claim that it tastes so bad that the food is actually 28 . They say that prison officials must 29 the prisoner with some type of disobedience 30 they can punish him by making him eat nutraloaf. At least one prisoner has filed a lawsuit 31 the use of nutraloaf. Prison officials say the prisoners are overreacting. They say that nutraloaf is a nutritious food. “It’s just like fruitcake,” said one warden(典狱长). Nutraloaf is a mixture of bread, cheese, raw and cooked vegetables, beans, and other 32 which may vary from season to season and prison to prison.Prison officials say that using nutraloaf, a “hand” food, increases prison 33 , because prisoners don’t have utensils or plates to throw at or use against guards or other prisoners. Officials 34 distribute nutraloaf for days at a time when one or more prisoners act unruly.“What are they 35 about? I wish I could have had nutraloaf when I was growing up,” said Bob Hope, a prison warden in Arka nsas. “It tastes a lot 36 than the grits and corn bread I ate every day. These guys have a lot of nerve to plain. I’ve eaten it myself many times—I just pop it into the microwave for a minute, spread a little butter on it, and enjoy. What’s their beef? Prisoners are just a bunch of whiners(悲嗥者). If they want five-star prison 37 , they should mit their crimes in France.”28.A. entertainment B. punishment C. implement D. pliment29.A. charge B. challenge C. oblige D. oppress30.A. until B. after C. unless D. before31.A. against B. for C. by D. from32.A. chemicals B. ingredients C. extinguisher D. fertilizer33.A. safety B. administration C. therapy D. aggressiveness34.A. officially B. intelligently C. impatiently D. routinely35.A. talking B. speaking C. plaining D. moving36.A. funnier B. worse C. better D. more bitter37.A. bread B. food C. spirit D. nutrientIII. Reading prehension (共30分)Section A (共22分，每小题2分）Directions:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)It was a rainy morning two years ago. Shirley Huxham was cycling gently downhill. As she waved to a friend, her bike slid uncontrollably on the wet road, throwing her to the ground. “I’d never even thought of buying a helmet,” she says. For months she was partly paralysed(瘫痪的) down her left side and still has health problems today.Some might think that Shirley was just unlucky. How dangerous can it be to fall from a bicycle? In fact, each year on Britain’s roads more than 200 people are killed and at least 4,000 seriously injured on bicycles. But these numbers don’t tell the whole story: the majority of the dead and injured were not wearing helmets.A study of bicycle accidents in the US found that helmets could reduce the risk of serious head injury by 85 percent. Yet it is estimated that in Britain, no more than five percent of bicycle-riders wear helmets. Why don’t more cyclists wear them?People think that helmets look foolish, that they’re inconvenient, and that accidents only happen to other people.One of the wrong ideas bicyclists have is that lower speeds can put them at less risk than motorcyclists, who are legally obliged to wear helmets. In fact, according to a British report, a higher percentage of bicyclists than motorcyclists suffer head injuries. And their injuries can be just as severe.Helmets, however, can make a big difference. Shirley wasn’t just unlucky. If she had worn a helmet, she wouldn’t have spent months in hospital. Why take the risk?38.The reason why Shirley got badly injured was that _____.A. She was riding her bicycle downhill too fast.B. Her friend’s waving to her made her lose control.C. She ignored the importance of wearing a helmet.D. The ground was barely wet.39.Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?A. Wearing helmets will reduce the risk of being killed by 85%.B. Nearly 5 percent of bicycle-riders wear no helmet in UK.C. Motorcyclists suffer more head injuries than bicyclists.D. In UK a motorcyclist’s wearing no helmet is against the law.40.People don’t like wearing helmets due to the following reasons except _____.A. Wearing helmets makes them look silly.B. They don’t think wearing a helmet is convenient.C. Falling off a bicycle only happens to other people.D. Wearing a helmet is not fashionable at all.(B)Asian Immigration to AmericaMany Chinese immigrants began crossing the Pacific to arrive in the United States in the mid-1800s. By that time, China’s population had reached about430 million, and the country was suffering fromsevere unemployment, poverty, and famine(饥荒).The 1848 discovery of gold in California began totempt Chinese immigrants to the United States. Then,in 1850, the Taiping Rebellion broke out in their homeland.This rebellion against the Chinese governmenttook some 20 million lives and caused suchsuffering that thousands of Chinese left for theUnited States. In the early 1860s, as the CentralPacific Railroad began construction of its portion ofthe transcontinental railroad, the demand for railroadworkers further increased Chinese immigration.Chinese immigrants mainly settled in westerncities, where they often worked as laborers or servantsor in skilled trades. Others worked as merchants.Because native-born Americans kept them out ofmany businesses, some Chinese immigrants openedtheir own.Another group of Asians,the Japanese, also immigratedto the United States.Until 1900, however, theirnumbers remained small. Between 1900 and 1908,large numbers of Japanese migrated to the UnitedStates as Japan began building both an industrialeconomy and an empire. Both developments interrupted the economy of Japan and caused hardshipsfor its people, thus stimulating emigration.Until 1910 Asian immigrants arriving in SanFrancisco first stopped at a two-story shelter at thewharf (码头). As many as 500 people at a time were oftensqueezed into this structure, which Chinese immigrantsfrom Canton called muk uk, or “wooden house.”In January 1910, California opened a few barracks onAngelIsland to acmodate the Asian immigrants.Most of the immigrants were young males in theirteens or twenties, who nervously awaited the resultsof their immigration hearings in dormitories packedwith double or triple tiers of bunks. This unpleasantdelay could last for months. On the walls of thedetention barracks, the immigrants wrote anonymouspoems in pencil or ink. Some even carved theirverse into the wood.41.Which of the following statements is NOT the reason of Chinese immigration to America?A. The population explosion led to severe unemployment, poverty, and famine.B. The discovery of gold in the United States was a great temptation to Chinese immigrants.C. The great suffering caused by Taiping Rebellion forced many people leave China.D. The United States needed great man power to plete its railroad construction.42.When Chinese immigrants got to America, they usually took the following jobs except______?A. Railroad constructorsB. Family servantsC. Governmental officialsD. Businessmen43.The Japanese immigrated to the United States at the beginning of the 1900s because _______.A. the numbers of Japanese immigrants stayed low until 1900B. the Japanese immigrants to the States wanted to learn moreC. the enormous social changes were taking place in JapanD. the Japanese immigrants wanted to do more businesses in the new world.44.What does the underlined word mean?A. Foods.B. Camps.C. Wharfs.D. Customs.(C)Management Consultant Suzy Welch remembers the moment 14 years ago when her life “imploded(压破).”S he was speaking to an auditorium full of insurance executives in Hawaii when she saw the faces of two of her children, then six and five, pressed against the glass door. She had parked them in a dance class, but they’d fled out to find her. She wrapped up her remarks and canceled the Q&A. “I was trying to please everyone but pleasing no-one,”she says, “I had to rethink the way I made my decisions.”Author of the bestselling Winning(written with husband Jack Welch, former head of GE), Suzy Welch, 49, has a new book, 10-10-10, that details the strategy she created after the tremendous decision-making moment. The mother of four explains: “When faced with a vital decision, ask yourself, how will my choice affect my life ten minutes from now? Ten months from now? Ten years from now?“Too often we decide something by avoiding the immediate ouch. But by looking at the middle and longer time frames as well as the short-term, we’re accessing our real values. My business trip is an example. Had I applied the strategy to it back then, I would have declined it. I had other work travel ing up. I was needed at home.“Many people have found ‘10-10-10’ thrilling. An entrepreneur moved forward with a new business plan but without the girlfriend, who didn’t share his goals. A mum of a troubled teen finally got him to a psychologist after putting it off. Often, in our most stressful moments, we make decisions by instinct only. Or we ask a friend for advice. Or we make no decision and suffer for it. We can live much more deliberately by taking control of choices and really understanding them.“Sure, there’s still room for spontaneity(自发的行为). But when you look at things from three distinct time frames and assess the consequences, never again will you say, ‘I have no idea why I made this decision.’”45.What did Suzy do to her two kids before addressing those executives 14 years ago?A. She left them in a car in a parking lot.B. She had a dance class together with the two kids.C. She fed the kids a lot of food and let them sleep.D. She just left them in a dance class.46.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Suzy and her husband used to work in GE, and they achieved great success in business.B. Suzy and her husband had four children.C. Suzy believed that many people reached a decision by avoiding direct pains.D. Suzy failed to give up her work travel because she hadn’t had her great strategies then.47.Which of the following is probably one of the strategies in Suzy’s book?A. When doing business, you should learn to please everyone.B. Before making a vital decision, you should ask yourself instead of others.C. When carrying out a new plan, you’d better take your girlfriend.D. The assessment of consequences plays a vital role in decision-making.48.Suzy’s new book was mainly about _______.A. how to deal with numbers when doing businessB. how to make decisions by following her strategiesC. how to obtain more benefits in businessD. how to make detailed strategies in businessSection B (共8分，每小题2分）Directions:Read the following passage and plete the sentences that follow. Write one word or more in each space.HOW TO LOOK GOOD IN FAMILY PHOTOS“Knowing how to take a fabulous photo will be the difference between great memories and memories where you w ish you were cropped out of the frame,” says image consultant and author Clare Maxfield. Put her tips into action now.FOR THE FACE:♦Stick your tongue to the roof of your mouthFOR THE BODY:♦Hold your elbows out from your body. Thinkas you smile. It reduces the double-chin effect.♦Keep your chin down for a pleasing line. And tilt your head slightly for a more friendly look.♦Say Cheese! This is not as silly as it sounds. It opens your mouth into a natural smile.♦Natural make-up is best. Rich, shiny lip-gloss can make lips appear too large, so use cautiously.♦Have the photographer stand above you so your chin is naturally facing down and your eyes widen.chicken wings, only avoid the squawk!♦Give your body a slight twist. Turn your feet away from the camera and bring your body around from your waist for a slimmer and shapelier look.♦Medium-tone colours are best. Very light colours can make you look larger, while dark colours can get lost in the picture.♦Don’t wear too many patterns. If you are a lar ge person, avoid even prints as they’re easier to follow and will overstress your size.49.If you want to hide your double-chin when taking a photo, you’d better _________________.50.Your eyes will probably widen if you ___________________________when taking photos.51.You may fail to be noticed in a photo if you _______________________.52.The two factors making you look bigger in a picture are ____________________________.IV. Writing (共30分）Section A (共6分，每小题2分）Directions: plete the following sentences in English according to the sentences given in Chinese.53.由于被一只蜜蜂蛰过，每次看到蜜蜂他都会转身就跑。

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分.2。

本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷(第1—12页)和第II卷(第13页）,全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名.第I卷(共103分）I。

Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。

A。

Impatient. B。

Confused. C。

Pleased。

D. Regretful. 2。

A. At a bus stop. B。

At a laundry。

C。

At the dentist’s. D. At the chemist’s。

3. A. An actor. B。

A salesman。

C。

2015年上海市高三英语八校联考模拟卷I. Listening Comprehension（略)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct。

For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.（A）Scotland is a unique place， full of history， where you can find noble palaces and castles， as well as the traditional parade in national costumes. It has some of 25__________（beautiful) cities in Europe, a living proof of a proud and splendid past。

In order to see the true soul of Scotland today, what shaped the character of this splendid region, we 26________ ________go towards the northern regions, to the Grampian Mountains. Beautiful and unspoiled， it was difficult to farm. The Scots conquered the environment with simple spades and strong arms。