测评卷
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2023-2024学年三年级数学下册期中素养测评卷【提高卷02】(考试分数:100分;考试时间:90分钟;难度系数:)注意事项:1.答题前,填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息,请写在答题卡规定的位置。
2.判断题、选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂答案,非判断、选择题必须使用黑色墨迹签字笔或钢笔答题,请将答案正确填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
3.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答,在试卷上作答无效。
4.考试结束后将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
5.测试范围:前四单元。
一、用心思考,认真填空。
(共32分)1.(本题2分)在A÷5=14⋯⋯B中,余数B最大是(),这时被除数A是()。
【答案】474【分析】在有余数的除法算式里,余数应比除数小,依此确定出最大的余数,被除数=商×除数+余数,当余数最大时,依此计算出被除数即可。
【详解】除数是5,则余数最大是:5-1=4,此时被除数是:14×5+4=70+4=74在A÷5=14⋯⋯B中,余数B最大是4,这时被除数A是74。
2.(本题2分)如果653÷□的商是三位数,□里最大可以填();如果32□÷8的商的末尾有1个0,□里最大可以填()。
【答案】67【分析】三位数除以一位数,如果被除数最高位上的数大于或等于除数,商是三位数;因为计算32÷8=4,没有余数,要使商的末尾是0,那么被除数的末尾要比除数8小即可。
【详解】如果653÷□的商是三位数,则6≥□,所以□里可以填1、2、3、4、5、6,最大可以填6;如果32□÷8的商的末尾有1个0,因为32÷8=4,没有余数;所以□<8,□里可以填0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7,最大可以填7。
3.(本题8分)把2,4,8,9按要求填入下面的括号内,且括号内的数不相同。
积大于7000:()()×()()积最小:()()×()()【答案】84922849【分析】80×90=7200,因此只要这四个数组成的两个因数分别比80、90大即可,依此填空;要使这几个数组成的两位数乘两位数积最小,两个乘数的十位上应分别为2和4,因此直接计算出28×49和29×48的积,然后再比较即可。
广东省广州市2022—2023年天河中学初三阶段考测评卷二学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________本试卷共10页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
因笔试不考听力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始。
作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
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考试结束后,将试卷和与答题卡一并交回。
一、语法选择Madelenie King, an Australian student studying at Communication University of China, had his ___1___ birthday last month with his host family. For him, living in ___2___ foreign land makes him enjoy varied special experiences. To ___3___ surprise, Chinese people love vegetables very much.Although many vegetables in China are not new to Madelenie, the way they cooked is much ___4___. For example, Madelenie has eaten tomatoes before.___5___, as soon as he tries the Chinese-style dish, he feels___6___ he is eating a new type of vegetable. Madelenie thinks his Chinese grandma makes delicious dish in the world, because she always puts some magical sauce when she ___7___ food. So far, he has learnt ___8___ cook some special dishes from his grandma.Besides ___9___, growing vegetables is one of Chinese favorite ____10____ in their free time. They like growing vegetables so ____11____ that they grow vegetables on the farmland and in their greenhouses. Madelenie also started to grow vegetables last year, including carrots and beans. “When working ____12____ the farm, I amin my own little world,” Madelenie said to the reporter ____13____. “And I can forget about the world’s problems for a brief period.”Madelenie plans to tell his friends ____14____ he experienced in China by making videos. He hopes more people can ____15____ him and enjoy planting.1.A.twenty B.twenties C.the twentieth D.twentieth2.A.a B.an C.the D./3.A.he B.his C.him D.he’s4.A.more different B.different C.differently D.more differently5.A.Anyway B.What’s more C.However D.Although6.A.what B.why C.which D./7.A.prepare B.prepared C.is preparing D.has prepared8.A.how she B.what she C.how to D.what to9.A.cooks B.cook C.cooker D.cooking10.A.activity B.activities C.act D.actor11.A.little B.much C.many D.few12.A.in B.at C.on D.by13.A.serious B.seriously C.seriousness D.more serious14.A.who B.whose C.that D.what15.A.attend B.take part in C.join D.join in二、完形填空Bob is 13 years old this year. He is ____16____ junior high school student, and he is also a good ____17____ at home.____18____ Saturday, Bob doesn’t go to school, so he often ____19____ his parents do the housework. He often eats his ____20____ with his parents in the morning. This morning, he says to his ____21____, “Can I help you, Mum?” “Yes, you can help me. Please go to Mr. Smith’s shop. There is something wrong with our bike. Now it’s in his shop.” “Can he mend (修理) it?” “Yes. And ____22____ money with you. You can pay for it by yourself. And you must be ____23____ when you ride home.” Then Bob takes some ____24____ and goes to the shop. He ____25____ the bike home carefully.16.A.an B./C.the D.a17.A.student B.child C.worker D.teacher18.A.In B.At C.On D.For19.A.helps B.takes C.brings D.watches20.A.lunch B.dinner C.supper D.breakfast21.A.mother B.father C.sister D.brother22.A.catch B.put C.buy D.take23.A.sad B.happy C.careful D.interesting24.A.pictures B.money C.books D.stories25.A.reads B.makes C.sends D.rides三、阅读单选Do you know the “Iron Hammer (铁榔头)”? She is not a hero from a film like Iron Man (钢铁侠), but she is like a hero to Chinese sports fans. Her real name is Lang Ping, a retired (退休的) volleyball player and chief coach (总教练) of the Chinese Women’s V olleyball team. People call Lang the “Iron Hammer” because her spikes (扣球) are very powerful.Before the 1980s, most people didn’t think that Chinese people were tall and fast enough to play volleyball. But at the 1981 World Cup in Japan, the Chinese Women’s V olleyball team surprised the world by winning the game for the first time. Later, the team got another World Cups in 1985, two world championships (冠军) and a gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles!Their success did not come easily. Everyone in the team trained very hard, especially Lang. She practiced for hours without any rest in a small, old gym. Sometimes, she went to bed with her legs broken and hand bleeding(流血).At that time, China was not as strong as it is today. But the team’s success made them famous around the word. Chinese people were proud of Lang. She gave everyone more confidence(信心).At the 2020 Summer Olympics, the Chinese Women’s V olleyball team which Lang coaches lost the game, but the spirit of the Chinese Women’s V olleyball team—Never Give Up is always with every Chinese. Let’s cheer for the “Iron Hammer” and the Chinese Women’s V olleyball team.26.Lang Ping was once ________.A.a volleyball player B.a sports fan C.a hero from a film D.an iron hammer27.Lang Ping is called “Iron hammer” because ________.A.her feet are like hammers B.she is good at spikingC.she can use hammers D.she trains very hard28.How many TIMES did Lang Ping and his team get gold medals according to Paragraph 2?A.2B.3C.4D.529.What can we learn from Lang Ping and her team?A.Win all the champions.B.Work hard and never give up.C.Make us stronger and faster.D.Give others more confidence.30.Where can you probably read this passage?A.On the newspaper about sport.B.In a travel magazine.C.In a grammar dictionary.D.In an introduction of a game.In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can get knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines help us to get most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have realized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective (客观的), but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the ease (容易) of getting information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence (智慧), we can easily get to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our health depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results.Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they’re not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we slowly but unquestionably become strangers to future people.31.Smart machines are likely to increase our biases because ________.A.they go off course in testing and scoring B.we control the training process on themC.we offer them too much information D.they overuse the provided answers32.The ease of getting information from the Internet ________.A.frees us from making efforts to learn new skills B.prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speed C.misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge D.separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines33.According to this passage, the following are true except ________.A.Most young scientists replied to Science that students should have more creative activities.B.Nowadays, with smart machines, people no longer need to remember most things.C.The use of smart machines causes some problems to people.D.It is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.34.The writer’s main purpose in writing this passage is to ________.A.question about the standards of information storage B.discuss our problems of communication with machinesC.stress the importance of improving our remembering ability D.remind us of the risk of depending on machines to rememberMr. and Mrs. Smith got married when he was twenty-three, and she was twenty. Twenty-five years later, they had a big party, a photographer came and took some photos for them. Then the photographer gave Mrs. Smith a card and said, “They'll be ready next Wednesday. You can get them from my room. "“No, ” Mrs. Smith said, “please send them to us.”The photos arrived a week later, but Mrs. Smith was not pleased when she saw them. She got into her car and drove to the photographer's room. She went inside and said angrily, “You took some photos for me and my husband last week, but I'm not going to pay for them. ”“OH, why not? ”the photographer asked.“Because my husband looks like a monkey, ” Mrs. Smith said.“Well,” the photographer answered, “that isn’t my fault(过错)。
2024年夏季甘肃省一般中学学业水平考试标准测评卷思想政治(一)第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(每小题2分,共50分)1.股市有风险,人市需谨慎。
下列行为中,规避风险的投资方式是()A.存款储蓄B.购买基金C.购买社会保险D.购买商业保险2.2024年9月21日,美元对人民币汇率中间价突破6.80关口,达6.885,人民币持续贬值。
下列主体中,最有可能希望人民币贬值的是()A.广东省某进口企业B.一位即将赴美国留学的中国高校生C.中华人民共和国商务部D.一家打算到中国投资办厂的美国公司3.近年来出境游越来越受消费者的青睐,越来越多的消費者选择岀境旅游度假。
出现这种消费现象和行为的根本缘由是()A.人们的消费观念发生了重大变更B.经济发展,居民收入增加C.适度消费的观念深化人心D.国家大力提倡适度超前消费4.改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的根本目的是()A.解放和发展社会生产力B.实现可持续性发展C.提高人民物质文化生活水平D.促进公有制经济的发展5.欧洲债务危机引起了全球股市动荡。
这种现象表明()A.经济全球化的载体是股票市场B.经济全球化是生产力发展的产物C.经济全球化是以发达资本主义国家为主导的D.经济全球化加剧了全球经济的不稳定性6.2024年3月5日,十二届全国人大五次会议在北京召开,2875名全国人大代表齐聚北京,共商国是。
2875名全国人大代表来自各个民族、各条战线,他们职业不同,经验各异。
这充分说明我国()A.民主权利具有广泛性B.社会主义民主是全民民主C.民主主体具有广泛性D.人民民主具有真实性7.目前一些官员无视党纪国法,肆意践踏法律,因此必需进一步强化权力运行的制约和监督体系。
下列属于加强行政系统内部监督的是()A.××院××局对某官员的贪污行为进行立案侦查B.中纪委通报10起违反中心八项规定精神的典型问题C.某地人大代表就当地环境治理状况进行检查D.某地审计机关对当地政府部门资金运用状况进行审计8.发展基层民主,实行基层群众自治是人民当家作主的有效途径。
高三一轮总复习新课标化学高效测评卷(六)第六章化学反应与能量(90分钟100分)一、选择题(本题包括15小题,每小题3分,共45分)1.(2012·中山质检)下列有关金属腐蚀与防护的说法正确的是()A.生成Cu2(OH)3Cl覆盖物是电化学腐蚀过程,但不是化学反应过程B.当镀锡铁制品的镀层破损时,镀层仍能对铁制品起保护作用C.在海轮外壳连接锌块保护外壳不受腐蚀是采用了牺牲阳极的阴极保护法D.可将地下输油钢管与外加直流电源的正极相连以保护它不受腐蚀解析:电化学腐蚀属于化学变化,A项错;铁与锡构成原电池,铁作负极,加快了铁的腐蚀,B错;海轮外壳中的金属与连接的锌块构成原电池,锌作负极,可以保护海轮,C 正确;外加直流电源保护器件时,必须连接电源负极,D错。
答案: C2.下列说法中正确的是()A.动物体内葡萄糖被氧化成CO2是热能转成化学能的过程B.1 mol H2SO4与1 mol Ba(OH)2反应生成BaSO4沉淀时放出的热叫做中和热C.热化学方程式中的化学计量数只表示物质的量,可以是分数D.1 mol H2与0.5 mol O2反应放出的热就是H2的燃烧热解析:葡萄糖被氧化成CO2是化学能转变成热能的过程,A错;1 mol H2SO4与1 mol Ba(OH)2反应生成的水为2 mol,而且有BaSO4沉淀,故放出的热与中和热不相等,B错;D 中没有说明产物及反应物和产物状态,故错。
答案: C3.能用电解原理说明的问题是()①电解是把电能转变成化学能②电解是化学能转化成电能③电解质溶液导电是化学变化,金属导电是物理变化④不能自发进行的氧化还原反应,通过电解的原理可以实现⑤任何溶液被电解时,必然导致氧化还原反应的发生A.①②③④B.②③⑤C.③④D.①③④⑤解析:电解过程是将电能转变成化学能,①正确,②错误;电解质溶液导电的过程实质上发生了电解,属于化学变化且是氧化还原反应,③、⑤正确;通过外加电流,一些不能自发的氧化还原反应可通过电解原理实现,④正确。
学力测评卷电子版语文三下一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
中国茶道茶道不同于一般的饮茶。
在中国饮茶分为两类,一类是“混饮”,即根据个人的口味嗜好,在茶中加入橘皮、桂圆、红枣等来喝;另一类是“清饮”,不加入任何有损茶的本味真香的配料,单用开水泡喝。
“清饮”可分四个层次:将茶当成饮料大碗解渴,称为“喝茶”;注重色香味,讲究茶具水质,细细品味,称为“品茶”;讲究环境气氛、冲泡技巧及人际关系,则称为“茶艺”;通过品茗来养性怡情、参禅悟道,达到精神上的享受和人格上的澡雪,则是中国饮茶的最高境界——茶道。
茶道不但讲究表现形式,而且注重精神内涵。
茶道的精神内涵是什么呢?“武夷山茶痴”林治先生认为“和、静、怡、真”可作为中国茶道的四字真谛。
“和”是中国茶道哲学思想的核心,是茶道的灵魂;“静”是中国茶道修习的不二法门;“怡”是中国茶道修习实践中的心灵感受;“真”是中国茶道的终极追求。
茶道追求“和”,源于《周易》中的“保合大和”,意指万物皆要阴阳协调,保全大和之元气以利万物。
陆羽在《茶经》详细描述他设计的风炉:风炉用铁铸从“金”,放置在地上从“土”,炉中烧木炭从“木”,木炭燃烧从“火”,风炉上煮茶汤从“水”;煮茶的过程就是“金木水火土”五行相生相克并达到和谐平衡的过程。
可见五行调和是茶道的哲学基础。
“静”是中国茶道修习的必由途径。
老子说:“至虚极,守静笃,万物并作,吾以观其复。
”庄子说:“水静则明烛须眉,平中准,大匠取法焉。
”老子和庄子所启示的“虚静观复法”是人们明心见性,洞察自然,反观自我,体悟道德的无上妙法。
道家的“虚静观复法”在中国的茶道中演化为“茶须静品”的理论和实践。
“怡”有和悦愉快之意。
中国茶道雅俗共赏,不拘一格。
一方面,突出体现了道家“自恣以适己”的随意性,同时,不同地位、信仰和文化层次的人对茶道有不同的追求。
王公贵族讲茶道,意在炫耀权贵,附庸风雅;文人学士讲茶道,意在托物寄怀,交朋结友;佛家讲茶道,意在参禅悟道,见性成佛;道家讲茶道,意在品茗养生,羽化成仙;普通百姓讲茶道,意在去腥腻,涤烦渴,享受人生。
2024-2025学年六年级数学上册期中素养测评卷【学易金卷·提高卷01】(考试分数:100分;考试时间:90分钟)一、用心思考,正确填写。
(每空1分,共21分。
)1.15÷( )=( )∶32=34=()21=( )(填小数)。
2.根据给出的信息,把等量关系补充完整。
今年植树棵数比去年多27,( )×( )=( )。
3.比80米多14是()米,60千克比()千克少15。
4.下图中,以小狗为观测点,小猴在小狗的( )方向上。
5.如果a×65=34×b =23×c (a ,b ,c 都不为0),则a 、b 、c 中最大的是(),最小的()。
6.如果6m 7长的铁丝重2kg 7,则3m 长的铁丝重()kg 。
7.一堆煤重45吨,第一次用去110吨,还剩( )吨,第二次用去剩下的37,第二次用去了()吨。
8.从甲地到乙地,客车要行5小时,货车要行8小时,客车速度比货车快( ),货车速度比客车速度慢( )。
9.如图,小正方形的12是涂色部分,大正方形的45是涂色部分,那么小正方形的面积与大正方形的面积的最简单的整数比是()。
10.一个长方形周长是54cm ,长和宽的比是5∶4,则它的面积是( )cm 2。
11.把甲班人数的17调入乙班后,两班人数相等,原来甲班和乙班相差12人,原来乙班有( )人。
12.一项工程,甲队单独做10天可以完成,乙队单独做30天可以完成。
现在两队合作期间,甲队休息2天,乙队休息8天(两队不在同一天休息)。
从开始到完工共用了( )天。
二、仔细推敲,判断正误。
(对的画√,错的画×,每题1分,共5分。
)13.互为倒数的两个数,如果一个数大于1,另一个数一定小于1。
( )14.男生人数比女生人数多37,则女生人数比男生人数少37。
( )15.一件商品,先涨价120,后又降价120,价格不变。
( )16.从学校走到少年宫,军军用了10分钟,彬彬用了15分钟,则军军与彬彬的速度比是2∶3。
保密★启用前2023-2024学年五年级数学上册期末素养测评卷【提高卷二】(考试分数:100分;考试时间:90注意事项:1.答题前,填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息,请写在答题卡规定的位置。
2.判断题、选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂答案,非判断、选择题必须使用黑色墨迹签字笔或钢笔答题,请将答案正确填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
3.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答,在试卷上作答无效。
4.考试结束后将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
5.测试范围:全册。
一、用心思考,认真填空。
(共18分)8.(本题2分)洛阳博物馆位于隋唐里坊区西北隅,建筑面积分为地上面积和地下面积,地上面积比地下10.(本题2分)已知直角三角形彩旗的三边分别是二、仔细推敲,判断正误。
(共5分)13.(本题1分)式子x-3>5,y+20都不是方程。
( )14.(本题1分)计算0.79×0.5×2=0.79×(0.5×2)时,运用了乘法结合律。
( )15.(本题1分)甲乙两数的商是18,把甲乙两数都扩大到原来的10倍,它们的商还是18。
( ) 16.(本题1分)如果一个平行四边形和一个三角形的底都是a,高都是b,那么这个三角形的面积是ab÷2。
( )17.(本题1分)学校组织研学活动,租用大巴车和小巴车共8辆,大巴车每辆600元,小巴车每辆450元。
如果租用的大巴车为a辆,那么租用小巴车的费用是450×(8-a)元。
( )三、反复比较,合理选择。
(共5分)18.(本题1分)甲×1.3=乙÷1.3(甲、乙都不为0),那么( )。
A.甲>乙B.甲<乙C.甲=乙D.无法确定19.(本题1分)阳泉市出租车收费标准如下:3km及3km以内6元,超过3km的部分按每千米2元收费(不足1km时按1km计算)。
妈妈打车去离家6.4km的超市,她应付车费( )元钱。
A.12 B.14 C.16 D.1820.(本题1分)下面关于图形面积关系的说法中,正确的是( )。
《“提升工程”(2014)--远程培训项目》评测试卷判断题(大题总分19分,每题1分,共19小题)1.交互式电子白板中“聚焦拉幕”的功能能够提高学生注意力。
A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:2.课程资源包括教材、教师、学生、家长以及学校、家庭和社区中所有有利于实现课程目标,促进教师专业成长和学生个性全面发展的各种资源A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:3.聚光灯有拍照功能,可以将所突出的内容拍下来。
A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:4.在教学设计过程中,使用的媒体越多越好A. 正确B. 错误答案:B解析:5.白板中,文档页面中的元素可以像PPT一样设置播放顺序A. 正确B. 错误答案:B解析:6.部分整合是信息技术与教学中的部分环节相整合,是信息技术与课程整合的初始阶段A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:7.合中的教师评价可简化为三个阶段,第一阶段是对教学设计的评价,第二阶段是对教学实施的评价,第三阶段是总结经验,形成模式A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:8.网络学习空间是指经过专门设计的,利用现代信息技术和计算机网络构建的支持学习发生的物理空间A. 正确B. 错误答案:B解析:9.学生使用LAMS进行学习时,容易产生“迷航”现象,因此教师需要对学生进行有效监控A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:10.创建APP ID的时候无需绑定银行账户A. 正确B. 错误答案:B解析:11.传统的课堂教学是以“教材为中心”的“封闭式”课堂;而以技术为支撑的课堂是全新的以“资源位拓展”的“开放式”课堂A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:12.明星小组是合作程度的体现,是小组个性化的体现、是个性化与团队的紧密结合,是高质高效处理、解决问题地体现,是优良组风的体现。
A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:13.防护罩也是监控系统中最常用的设备之一A. 正确B. 错误答案:A解析:14.学习评价是一个价值判断的过程,价值判断的依据是学习结果。
20232024学年五年级数学上册期末素养测评卷【学易金卷·基础卷一】(考试分数:100分;考试时间:90分钟;难度系数:) 注意事项:1.答题前,填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息,请写在答题卡规定的位置。
2.判断题、选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂答案,非判断、选择题必须使用黑色墨迹签字笔或钢笔答题,请将答案正确填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
3.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答,在试卷上作答无效。
4.考试结束后将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
5.测试范围:全册。
一、用心思考,认真填空。
(共27分)1.(本题2分)2.37 5.6⨯的积是( )位小数,3.780.06÷的商的最高位是( )位。
【答案】 三 十【分析】根据小数乘除法的计算方法,分别求出2.37 5.6⨯的积和3.780.06÷的商,据此可知2.37 5.6⨯的积是几位小数,3.780.06÷的商的最高位是什么位。
【详解】2.37 5.6⨯=13.2723.780.06÷=63则2.37 5.6⨯的积是三位小数,3.780.06÷的商的最高位是十位。
【点睛】本题考查小数乘除法,明确小数乘除法的计算方法是解题的关键。
2.(本题2分)根据135×32=4320,可知1.35×3.2=( ),4.32÷0.32=( )。
【答案】 4.32 13.5【分析】小数乘法法则:(1)按整数乘法的法则先求出积;(2)看因数中一个有几位小数,就从积的右边起数出几位点上小数点。
积÷因数=另一个因数,被除数÷1000,商÷1000;除数÷100,商×100,商最终÷(1000÷100)。
【详解】根据135×32=4320,可知1.35×3.2=4.32;4320÷32=135,4.32÷0.32=13.5【点睛】关键是掌握小数乘除法的计算方法,根据积和商的变化规律进行分析。
全品学练考 | 高中化学 选修4 化学反应原理 新课标(RJ)单元测评(一)B第一章 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷54分,第Ⅱ卷46分, 共100分,考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共54分)一、选择题(本大题共18小题,每小题3分,共54分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.化学与人类生活、社会可持续发展密切相关。
下列措施有利于节能减排、保护环境的是( )①加快化石燃料的开采与使用 ②研发易降解的生物农药 ③应用高效洁净的能源转化技术 ④田间焚烧秸秆 ⑤推广使用节能环保材料A .①③⑤B .②③⑤C .①②④D .②④⑤2.下列能正确表示氢气与氯气反应生成氯化氢过程中能量变化的示意图是( )A B C D图CB1-13.在下列各说法中,正确的是( )A .ΔH >0表示放热反应,ΔH <0表示吸热反应B .热化学方程式中的化学计量数只表示物质的量,可以是分数C .1 mol H 2SO 4与1 mol Ba(OH)2反应生成BaSO 4沉淀时放出的热叫作中和热D .1 mol H 2与0.5 mol O 2反应放出的热就是H 2的燃烧热 4.下列热化学方程式中ΔH 代表燃烧热的是( ) A .CH 4(g)+32O 2(g)===2H 2O(l)+CO(g) ΔHB .S(s)+32O 2(g)===SO 3(s) ΔHC .C 6H 12O 6(s)+6O 2(g)===6CO 2(g)+6H 2O(l) ΔH 3D .2CO(g)+O 2(g)===2CO 2(g) ΔH 45.沼气是一种能源,它的主要成分是CH 4。
0.5 mol CH 4完全燃烧生成CO 2和液态水时放出445 kJ 的热量,则下列热化学方程式中正确的是( )A .2CH 4(g)+4O 2(g)===2CO 2(g)+4H 2O(l) ΔH =+890 kJ·mol -1B .CH 4(g)+2O 2(g)===CO 2(g)+2H 2O(l) ΔH =+890 kJ·mol -1C .CH 4(g)+2O 2(g)===CO 2(g)+2H 2O(l) ΔH =-890 kJ·mol -1D.12CH 4(g)+O 2(g)===12CO 2(g)+H 2O(l) ΔH =-890 kJ·mol -1 6.已知1 g H 2完全燃烧生成水蒸气放出热量121 kJ ,且O 2中1 mol O FO 键完全断裂时吸收热量496 kJ ,水蒸气中形成1 mol H —O 键时放出热量463 kJ ,则H 2中1 mol H —H 键断裂时吸收的热量为( )A .920 kJB .557 kJC .436 kJD .188 kJ7.已知热化学方程式:H 2O(g)===H 2(g)+12O 2(g) ΔH =+241.8 kJ/molH 2(g)+12O 2(g)===H 2O(l) ΔH =-285.8 kJ/mol当1 g 液态水变为水蒸气时,其热量变化是( )A .吸热88 kJB .吸热2.44 kJC .放热44 kJD .吸热44 kJ 8.已知:2H 2(g)+O 2(g)===2H 2O(l) ΔH =-571.6 kJ/mol ; CO(g)+12O 2(g)===CO 2(g) ΔH =-282.9 kJ/mol 。
某H 2和CO 的混合气体完全燃烧时放出113.74 kJ 热量,同时生成3.6 g 液态水,则原混合气体中的H 2和CO 的物质的量之比为( )A .2∶1B .1∶2C .1∶1D .2∶3 9.有如下三个热化学方程式:H 2(g)+12O 2(g)===H 2O(g) ΔH =a kJ ·mol -1H 2(g)+12O 2(g)===H 2O(l) ΔH =b kJ ·mol -12H 2(g)+O 2(g)===2H 2O(g) ΔH =c kJ ·mol -1 关于它们的下列表述正确的是( )A .它们都是吸热反应B .a 、b 和c 均为正值C .a =bD .2b =c10.已知:2Zn(s)+O 2(g)===2ZnO(s) ΔH =-701.0 kJ·mol -12Hg(l)+O 2(g)===2HgO(s) ΔH =-181. 6 kJ·mol -1则反应Zn(s)+HgO(s)===ZnO(s)+Hg(l)的ΔH 为( )A .+519.4 kJ·mol -1B .+259.7 kJ·mol -1C .-259.7 kJ·mol -1D .-519.4 kJ·mol -111.已知:①1 mol H 2分子中的化学键断裂时需要吸收436 kJ 的能量,②1 mol 碘蒸气中的化学键断裂时需要吸收151 kJ 的能量;③由H 原子和I 原子形成1 mol HI 分子时释放299 kJ 的能量。
下列热化学方程式正确的是( )A .2HI(g)===H 2(g)+I 2(g) ΔH =+11 kJ/molB .H 2(g)+I 2(g)===2HI(g) ΔH =+11 kJ/molC .H 2(g)+I 2(g)===2HI(g) ΔH =+288 kJ/molD .H 2(g)+I 2(g)===2HI(g) ΔH =-144 kJ/mol 12.已知:CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 3(g)+6.5 O 2(g)―→4CO 2(g)+5H 2O(l)ΔH =-2 878 kJ·mol -1(CH 3)2CHCH 3(g)+6.5 O 2(g)―→4CO 2(g)+5H 2O(l)ΔH =-2 869 kJ·mol -1下列说法正确的是( )A .正丁烷分子储存的能量大于异丁烷分子B .正丁烷的稳定性大于异丁烷C .异丁烷转化为正丁烷的过程是一个放热过程D .异丁烷分子中的碳氢键比正丁烷的多13.NH 3(g)燃烧的产物是NO 2(g)和H 2O(g)。
已知反应有:(1)H 2(g)+12 O 2(g)===H 2O(g) ΔH =-241.8 kJ·mol -1(2)12N 2(g)+O 2(g)===NO 2(g) ΔH =+39.9 kJ·mol -1 (3)NH 3(g)===12N 2(g)+32H 2(g) ΔH =+46.0 kJ·mol -1下列关于NH 3(g)燃烧的热化学方程式的书写正确的是( ) A .NH 3(g)+74O 2(g)===NO 2(g)+32H 2O(g)ΔH =-282.8 kJ·mol -1B .NH 3(g)+54O 2(g)===NO 2(g)+32H 2O(g)ΔH =-161.9 kJ·mol -1C .NH 3(g)+74O 2(g)===NO 2(g)+32H 2O(g)ΔH =-161.9 kJ·mol -1D .NH 3(g)+54O 2(g)===NO 2(g)+32H 2O(g)ΔH =-282.8 kJ·mol -114.用CH 4催化还原NO x ,可以消除氮氧化物的污染。
例如: ①CH 4(g)+4NO 2(g)===4NO(g)+CO 2(g)+2H 2O(g)ΔH =-574 kJ·mol -1②CH 4(g)+4NO(g)===2N 2(g)+CO 2(g)+2H 2O(g)ΔH =-1 160 kJ·mol -1 下列说法不正确的是( )A .若用标准状况下4.48 L CH 4还原NO 2生成N 2和水蒸气,放出的热量为173.4 kJB .由反应①可推知:CH 4(g)+4NO 2(g)===4NO(g)+CO 2(g)+2H 2O(l) ΔH <-574 kJ·mol-1C .反应①②转移的电子数相同D .反应②中当4.48 L CH 4反应完全时转移的电子总数为1.60 mol15.已知:2CO(g)+O 2(g)===2CO 2(g) ΔH =-566 kJ·mol -1 Na 2O 2(s)+CO 2(g)===Na 2CO 3(s)+12O2 ΔH =-266 kJ·mol -1根据以上热化学方程式判断,下列说法正确的是( )图CB1-2A .CO 的燃烧热为283 kJB .图CB1-2可表示由CO 生成CO 2的反应过程和能量关系C .2Na 2O 2(s)+2CO 2(s)===2Na 2CO 3(s)+O 2(g)ΔH >-532 kJ·mol -1D .CO(g)与Na 2O 2(s)反应放出549 kJ 热量时,电子转移数为6.02×102316.一定条件下,充分燃烧一定量的丁烷放出热量161.9 kJ,经测定完全吸收生成的CO2需消耗5 mol·L-1的KOH溶液100 mL,恰好生成正盐,则此条件下热化学方程式:C4H10(g)+132O2(g)===4CO2(g)+5H2O(g)的ΔH为()A.+2 590.4 kJ·mol-1B.-2 590.4 kJ·mol-1C.+1 295.2 kJ·mol-1D.-1 295.2 kJ·mol-117.向足量稀H2SO4溶液中加入100 mL 0.4 mol·L-1 Ba(OH)2溶液,放出的热量是5.12 kJ。
如果向足量Ba(OH)2溶液中加入100 mL 0.4 mol·L-1 HCl溶液时,放出的热量为2.2 kJ。
则Na2SO4溶液与BaCl2溶液反应的热化学方程式为()A.Ba2+(aq)+SO2-4(aq)===BaSO4(s)ΔH=-2.92 kJ·mol-1B.Ba2+(aq)+SO2-4(aq)===BaSO4(s)ΔH=-0.72 kJ·mol-1C.Ba2+(aq)+SO2-4(aq)===BaSO4(s)ΔH=-73 kJ·mol-1D.Ba2+(aq)+SO2-4(aq)===BaSO4(s)ΔH=-18 kJ·mol-118.断裂1 mol化学键所需的能量如下:22是()图CB1-3A.N2比O2稳定B.N2H4(g)+O2(g)===N2(g)+2H2O(g)ΔH=-534 kJ·mol-1C.表中的a=194D.图中的ΔH3=+2218 kJ·mol-1请将选择题答案填入下表:二、非选择题(本大题共4小题,共46分)19.(12分)据《参考消息》报道,有科学家提出硅是“21世纪的能源”“未来的石油”的观点。