主谓一致
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主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。
2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。
(1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。
主数,用数;主复数,用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。
主数,用数;主复数,用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。
并列主的一致1.And(1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体,用数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。
every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数。
(5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近的主一致。
主谓一致主谓一致是指两个语法成分,即主语和谓语,之间的协调成分。
在英语中,主谓一致主要是指用作主语的名词或代词和用作谓语的动词在人称、数、性格等方面的一致。
通常遵循三个原则,即就近原则和语法原则。
1.就近原则谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语(主要指名词或代词)的单、复数形式,这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。
(1)在“名(代)词+or+名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与or后的名(代)词一致。
He or his brothers were to blame .应该怪他或他的兄弟们。
You or Mary is going to meet them at the station this afternoon .今天下午你或玛丽将到火车站接他们。
(2)“either+名(代)词+or +名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与or后的名(代)词一致。
Either the shirts or the sweater is a good buy这些衬衣,或者这件毛衣,买了是会合算的。
Either dye or oil paints are used to colour cloth .给布料上色要么用染料,要么用油漆。
(3)“not only +名(代)词+but (also)+名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与but(also)后的名(代)词一致。
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjooying the film.不仅学生们在欣赏这部电影,他们的老师也在欣赏这部电影。
Not only our society but also the people in it have changed .不仅是他父母,而且他本人都想团聚在一起。
(4)“neither +名(代)词+nor +名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与nor 后的名(代)词一致。
主谓一致的原则主谓一致是英语语法中的基本原则之一,指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主谓一致的正确运用能够使句子表达更加准确,符合语言规范。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的原则,并通过一些例子来加深理解。
一、基本原则在英语句子中,主语和谓语之间必须保持一致,具体包括以下几个方面:1. 人称一致:主语是第一人称(I、we)、第二人称(you)或第三人称(he、she、it、they)时,谓语动词的形式必须与之一致。
例如:- I am a student.(我是一名学生。
)- He sings beautifully.(他唱得很美。
)2. 数一致:主语是单数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用单数;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用复数。
例如:- The dog barks loudly.(这只狗叫得很大声。
)- The birds are chirping.(鸟儿正在鸣叫。
)3. 特殊情况:有些特殊情况下,主谓一致的原则会有一些变化。
例如:- 不定代词:somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等当作主语时,谓语动词形式使用第三人称单数形式。
例如:Nobody wants to go with me.(没有人想和我一起去。
)- 连接词:and连接的主语,如果表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称单数形式;如果表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称复数形式。
例如:Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.(汤姆和杰瑞是一部著名的卡通片。
)The boys and girls are playing in the park.(男孩和女孩们正在公园里玩耍。
)二、例题分析为了更好地理解主谓一致原则,以下通过一些例题来进行详细分析。
例题1:The team _____ working on the project.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"the team",是单数形式,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用单数,填入be的单数形式"is",句子变为:"The team is working on the project."例题2:He and his friends _____ going to the concert.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"he and his friends",表示多个人,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用复数,填入be的复数形式"are",句子变为:"He and his friends are going to the concert."例题3:One of the students _____ the exam.(fail)在这个例句中,主语是"one of the students",表示多个学生中的一个,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用第三人称单数,填入fail的第三人称单数形式"fails",句子变为:"One of the students fails the exam."三、常见错误在使用主谓一致时,常见的错误包括以下几种:1. 混淆主谓的人称和数:主语与谓语之间的人称和数要保持一致,不可以混淆。
主谓一致的句子举例
1. 我和你一起去逛街,可不是你一个人说了算的呀!就像划船需要两个人齐心协力,主谓可不能不一致呀!比如“我和你去购物”,这多和谐呀!
2. 大家一起做游戏的时候,每个人都要遵守规则哦,这跟主谓一致是一个道理呀!“大家玩得很开心”,这里的“大家”和“玩”就是一致的呀,多棒!
3. 他们在公园里尽情玩耍,难道不是所有人都很快乐吗?正如句子“他们在欢笑”,多自然的主谓一致呀!
4. 你看那鸟儿飞翔在天空,“鸟儿飞”,主谓多么一致呀,就像鱼儿在水中畅游一样顺畅!
5. 我们举办派对,所有人都嗨起来了呀!就像正确的句子“我们欢乐”,这是多么理所当然呀!
6. 他在舞台上表演,光芒四射呀,这和“他闪耀”这样主谓一致的表达一样精彩呢!
7. 她在厨房里忙碌地做饭,不正是“她劳作”这样一致的场景嘛,多生活呀!
8. 老师们辛勤地教书育人,就如同“老师们耕耘”这般和谐一致呀!
结论:主谓一致真的很重要呀,能让我们的表达更加清晰明了、自然流畅呀!。
主谓一致一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
1.语法一致原则:主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
2.意义一致:主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式。
My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。
3.就近一致:谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。
Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、主谓一致常考题型1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。
2. many a+单数名词作主语,许多,谓语用单数形式。
Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than a/one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
4.表示时间,距离,金钱,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。
Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称(如第一人称、第二人称、
第三人称)、数(单数、复数)和形式(肯定句、否定句)上保持一致。
以下是主谓一致的三个原则:
原则一:一致性原则
根据一致性原则,当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语
是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
例句:
- The cat chases mice every day.(猫每天都追逐老鼠。
)
- The cats chase mice every day.(猫们每天都追逐老鼠。
)
原则二:就近一致原则
根据就近一致原则,当主语有两个或更多个,并且用连词连接起来时,谓语动词的数应与最接近谓语动词的主语保持一致。
例句:
- Jack and Jill go to school together.(杰克和吉尔一起上学。
)- Jack or his friends go to the party.(杰克或者他的朋友们去
参加派对。
)
原则三:无谓语从句的一致原则
当谓语动词是主句的一部分时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,而不是与从句中的主语保持一致。
例句:
- The fact that he is late does not surprise me.(他迟到这个事实并不让我惊讶。
)
以上就是主谓一致的三个原则。
遵循这些原则可以使句子更准确、易于理解,并且使语法结构更正确。
主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念,合理使用可以帮助我们更好地表达自己的意思。
主谓一致一、主谓一致概述1、主谓一致的定义:谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致,叫做主谓一致。
2、主谓一致的原则分类:①语法形式一致原则:在语法形式上取得一致。
如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
②逻辑意义一致原则:谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。
③就近一致原则:谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定,又称为毗邻一致原则。
二、主谓一致考点纵览知识点考点考点对应典型例题剖析考点一:语法形式一致的原则考点1:以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
典型例句Much land has been deserted in this area in the past few years. 在过去的几年中,这个地区的许多土地已经沙化。
To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage. 开始吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。
Reading English newspapers is a good way of improving your English. 阅读英文报纸是提高你英语水平的好方法。
What you need most is to have a good sleep. 你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。
How you can get there is a problem. 你怎么到那儿去还是个问题。
考点2:由and或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。
典型例句Swimming and walking are good exercises. 游泳和散步都是好运动。
He and I were classmates when we were at college. 他和我在上大学时是同学。
Both John and Ann have got pen-friends. 约翰和安都有笔友。
第一讲主谓一致“一致”(Concord 或Agreement)是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。
主要有主语与动词的一致,主语与补语的一致,限定词与名词中心词的一致,人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致,名词与名词或代词的一致。
“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主——动一致”(Subject ——verb Concord)。
1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组),即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配,即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord),意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。
1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数,动词就用复数形式;如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词,动词就用单数形式。
例如:Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。
有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词就用复数;主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词用单数。
例如:The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式,而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。
Grammar 1: Subject and verb agreement
就近一致原则
1.Either you or your brother _________ (have) to go there right now.
2.Not only my family but also I ________ (be) fond of swimming.
3.There ________ (be) a book, an apple and tow pens on the desk.
4.Between the windows __________ (be) a picture.
5.South of the lake ___________ (stand) two stone towers.
意义一致原则
1.His family ________ (be) small.
2.His family ________ (be) all model workers.
3. A great number of scientists invited _________ (be) present at the conference.
4.The number of scientists invited _________ (be) 200.
5.Every means _________ (have) been tried.
6.All possible means _________ (have) been tried.
7.What he said _________ (be) true.
8.What we need _________ (be) more volunteers.
9.Such _________ (be) our plan.
10.Such _________ (be) our suggestions.
11.The disabled ________ (be) well taken care of in this country.
12.The dead in this accident _________(be) 20, a girl from Nanjing University.
13.The rest of the boys _________(be) out.
14.All of the work ____________ (have) been done.
15. Fifteen miles __________ (seem) like a long walk to me.
16. One hundred dollars ________ (be) not a large sum of money.
17.Diabetes(糖尿病) ________ (be) a common disease.
18.Physics ________ (be) very difficult to learn.
19. The police ________ (be) looking for the missing child.
20.What he said and what he did _________ (have) greatly encouraged the other students. 注意:What he said and what he did _________ (be) always different.
21.Egg and rice ________ (be) her usual breakfast.
22. His shoes are clean while mine _________ (be) dirty.
语法一致原则
1. A day or two _________ (have) passed.
2.One or two days _________ (have) passed.
3.The glasses ________ (be) yours.
4.There ________ (be) a new pair of compasses.
5.This kind of men ________ (be) dangerous.
6.Men of this kind ________ (be) dangerous.
7. A large amount of money ________ (be) spent on the great bridge.
rge amounts of money ________ (be) spent on the great bridge.
9.He is one of the students who _________ (have) been to Shanghai.
10.He is the only one of the students who _________ (have) been to Shanghai.
11.More than one student _________ (have) failed the exam.
12.Many a student ________ (be) playing there.
13.Every boy and every girl_________ (have) the right to get education.
14.No boy and no girl in my class ________ (be) interested in geography.
15.One out of twenty ________ (be) badly damaged.
16.To teach ________ (be) to learn.
17.I think Tom, rather than you, ______ (be) to blame.
18.My uncle’s ___________ (be) not far from here.
完成下面一段话。
I want to introduce my class to you. My class _______ (be) very small and there _______ (be) only 20 students in it. All of us _______ (be) getting along well with each other. None of us ______ (have) quarreled with each other. Every boy and every girl ________ (help) each other in every subject, so nobody __________ (fail) in any exam. Our teacher often ___________ (praise) us for our _________ (help) each other. Every weekend, there _________ (be) a meeting and two lectures and our teacher, with five of us, __________ (attend) them, discussing how to make our class better. Such ________ (be) my class, a happy and friendly family.
1. AIDS kills many\much more people in poor regions than in developed regions.
2. Beijing is __________________ than Shanghai. (北京不如上海危险)
3. There were a lot _________ guests than I has expected. (客人比我预料的要少)
4. This year they have produced __________ grain _________ they did last year.
(今年他们生产的谷物比去年少)
5. There are _______ _______ now ______ in the morning. (现在的火车的班次比上午少得多)
6. The firm has __________ __________ and __________ _____________ than last year.
(公司的资金和人员都比去年少了)
7. It is generally believed that teaching is ________ it is a science.
A. an art much as
B. much an art as
C. as much an art as
D. as an art much as
8. She is a cook as good as her mother.=She is _____ ______ ______ ______ ______ her mother.。