2023-2024学年河南省郑州市郑州外国语学校高一上学期11月期中英语试题Kew Gardens is not only a popular tourist destination in London, but also a botanic garden and a research center that has the largest collection of living plants at a single site. So, let’s explore the Royal Botanic Gardens with CGTN’s reporter Robyn Dwyer.Palm HouseThe first stop is the Palm House, a giant indoor rainforest with a wide range of plants. Visitors can enjoy these exotic plants while researchers can study the secrets of these flora. Eatable plants such as cocoa tree and African oil palm are all preserved here to keep the diversity of food resources. At the same time, it houses many medical use plants, including some that are used to treat cancer.Temperate HouseKnown as the world’s largest Victorian glasshouse, the Temperate House is home to1,500 species of plants from temperate regions of the world. Some of the species kept here have gone extinct in the wild, such as Encephalartos woodii, a cycad from South Africa. And some are already extinct like Saint Helena olive, but the Kew has stored its DNA.Mediterranean GardenIn the Mediterranean Garden, one can see plants from the Southern Europe, such as rosemary, olives and cork oak. Walking in the garden, one can feel the non-indoor vibe (氛围) of the Mediterranean and learn about the economic as well as scientific uses of these plants.On International Day for Biological Diversity this year, join CGTN to travel around the world’s national parks and reserves across seven continents. Our next program is to visit penguins and seals in the Antarctic Ice Aquarium Norway. Please stay tuned!1. What do the three stops have in common?A．They store plants for medical use.B．They have plants of economic value.C．They house plants of seven continents.D．They own plants for scientific research.2. Which one suits a visitor preferring outdoor sites?A．Palm House. B．Temperate House.C．Antarctic Ice Aquarium. D．Mediterranean Garden.3. Where is the text most probably taken from?A．A botanic dictionary. B．A TV travel series.C．A trip advertisement. D．A biodiversity essay.This winter, the state of California in the US received unusually large amounts of rain and snow. Now, people worry that some areas will flood as the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains melts (融化).Ron Caetano lives about half-way between the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco. He is preparing to leave in case his community, called the Island District, floods.More than 100 years ago, the Island District area was under Tulare Lake, a large lake. At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River. But reservoirs (水库) and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear. However, in very rainy years, farmland can still get covered with water.Experts say reservoirs near the area will likely receive three times more water than they can hold this year. That means officials must increase the amount of water they release (释放) from the reservoirs. But if too much water is released, the area might flood.The Island District has organized a community network to help prepare for floods. People are placing sandbags close to elderly neighbors’ houses to stop possible flooding. And they are looking at reports from water officials, county officials, and from each other.California has had very dry weather in recent years. Therefore, both cities and farm communities acclaimed this year’s winter rains. If the weather gets warmer slowly, the snow will n ot melt quickly and there may be little or no flooding. But if the weather gets hot quickly, that will bring trouble from too much melting snow.Officials announced plans to close parts of Yosemite National Park because of possible danger of flooding. The park is about 270 kilometers east of San Francisco in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Nicholas Pinter is with the University of California, Davis Center for Watershed Sciences. He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather. He des cribed the surrounding area this way. “It has been an engineering problem all along,” he said. “This is a bathtub (浴缸) with no way out.”4. What made Tulare Lake disappear?A．Lack of rainfall. B．Natural disasters. C．Climatewarming. D．Human behavior.5. W hat does the underlined word “acclaimed” in paragraph 6 mean?A．Feared. B．Doubted. C．Welcomed. D．Tracked.6. What might Californians want to see?A．The government can help them move to other states. B．The weather can get warm gradually in California.C．There is more rain in the cities than on farms. D．The officials release water on a regular basis.7. What can we infer from Nicholas Pinter’s words?A．It is difficult to deal with the flood. B．It is easy to keep the snow water.C．The surrounding area is unfit to live in. D．The lake is already overflowing. Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter of the alphabet matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy after the first year. However, students even after years of learning English are still far below Italian or Finnish students in reading accuracy.English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected to German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman invasion (侵略) in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. And Latin was used in religious and educational activities. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language. The printing press invented in the late 1400s helped to establish English spelling. The English of today is how the language was written at the time. However, the spoken language started to change in the 1500s with the pronunciation of all long vowels. For example, “bite” was pronounced closer to “beet” in 1400, before changing through the years to its current sound. The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.English has 26 letters in the alphabet, but over 44 individual sounds depending on the variation of spoken English. There are several sounds represented by only one letter. For example, the letter “C” can sound like an “S” as in “city”. And it also sounds like a “K” as in “cat”.There are only 5 or 6 vowel (元音) letters in the English alphabet. They include A, E, I, O, U, and sometimes Y. But there are 20 different ways to sound them. At the centre is the most common vowel sound of “uhhh”. It is the most relaxed and natural sound. It takes almost no e ffort of the tongue or throat to create the sound. Since it takes little effort, the sound “uhhh” often makes its way into pronunciations. For example, the word “please” often turns into “PUH-lease” when someone is trying to call attention. This is another reason why spelling in English is so difficult!8. How does the author lead to the topic of this text?A．By comparison.B．By making a classification.C．By the calculation of an example.D．By describing a process.9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A．The complex history of English.B．The formation of modern English.C．The influence of English on other languages.D．Factors promoting the development of English.10. When did the current spelling of English come into being?A．In the 12th century. B．Before the Norman invasion.C．In the late 1400s. D．In the 1500s.11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A．One Letter, Many SoundsB．So Many Ways to Sound a VowelC．Why Spelling in English Is So DifficultD．How to Improve the Accuracy of English SpellingWhen plates are set on the table, phones, rather than forks, are at the ready. At this point in our social media entanglement (纠缠), the fact that the camera eats first is pretty much a given. Sure, some chefs, including Michelin rated star chefs, express their displeasure at this, but efforts to make the table a screen-free domain have mostly fallen flat.New research from Aston University has found that people are indeed influenced by the food photos that their friends post on social media. For example, for every serving of fruits and vegetables that a person thinks their friends are eating, they’ll eat one-fifth of a serving more. This number makes more sense within the context of the recommended “five a day”, meaning someone who’s being influenced would make a point of eating six portions of fruits or vegetables. Similarly, for every three portions of junk food that a person sees friends consuming on social media, they’ll eat an extra one.The researchers have also suggested that social media can be very beneficial when it comes to people’s choices of food and their diets. Study supervisors Dr. Jason Thomas said, “The implication is that we can use social media as a tool to encourage each other’s eating choice within friendship groups, an d use this knowledge as a tool for public health interventions.”Actually, the daily food situation is somewhat different from everything else posted on social media. People also desire to copy what they see but they need good social media literacy skills in order to grasp what’s realistic and what’s absurd. It is necessary to avoid the fake perfection of social media. It gets boring trying to figure out what to eat three times a day, week after week, so no wonder people want to take the path of least resistance and eat what their friends are eating. Unfortunately, most of what gets posted is the more time-consuming recipes or the attractively styled restaurant meals. By all means, keep your antennae (触角) out for new ideas, but gather them from food magazines, cookbooks, store flyers, reliable cooking websites, and recommended recipes from friends and family.12. What phenomenon is talked about in Para.1?A．The influence of social media on people’s diet.B．People’s taking photos of food before eating.C．Chefs’ efforts to make the table screen-free.D．The pursuit of dining in fancy restaurant.13. What’s the consequence of people’s seeing their friends’ online post?A．They’ll copy what their friends do.B．They’ll take junk food more seriously.C．They’ll consume more than their friends.D．They’ll care more about their friends’ eating habits.14. What’s Dr. Jason Thomas’s attitude towards social media?A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Unclear.15. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A．Point out the unreality of social media.B．Call on people to enrich their knowledge in cooking.C．Introduce the general classification of food posted online.D．Encourage people to broaden their sources of food inspiration.First aid is a crucial aspect of healthcare that can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injury or illness. Knowing when to use first aid is essential so that proper measures are taken promptly. 16Injuries and AccidentsOne of the most common instances where first aid is required is in injuries and accidents. 17 In such situations, it is essential to provide immediate care to prevent further damage and ensure that the affected individual receives timely medical attention. Some of the initial steps in first aid for injuries include applying pressure to stop bleeding, immobilizing the affected area, and administering pain relief medication.Cardiac Arrest (心脏停跳)Another critical situation where first aid can make a difference is during a cardiac arrest. A cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops functioning; immediate intervention is necessary. 18 The first step in such a situation is to call emergency services and start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) until professional help arrives. Knowing how to perform CPR can be life-saving in such situations.Choking and Suffocation (窒息)Choking and suffocation are emergencies that can occur at any time, and immediate intervention is necessary to prevent further complications. If someone is choking, it is essential to act quickly. 19 Similarly, if someone is suffocating due to a blocked airway, it is vital to clear the obstruction and ensure that the person’s airway is open.When to use first aid can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injur y or illness. 20 Call for emergency services, and provide immediate care until professional help arrives. Being prepared and trained in first aid can ensure the safety and well-being of those around us.Have you had enough(or enuf)trouble spelling English words to make you want to scream(or skreem)? You are not alone. Generations of scholars since the 17th century have protested against the________ in English spelling.Part of the problem is caused by the_______ origins of English words. German, Latin, French and Greek are al common sources, and each follows a different set of________ for spelling. In fact, even within any one of these languages, it is________ to guarantee consistency(一致性). As these systems were________ over time, the English spelling system we see today came into being.Some English learners know that memorizing the Latin roots of English words is a great wayto________ their vocabulary, but most Latin-rooted words entered English from French after the Norman Conquest(诺曼征服)of the 11th century. The Normans used French as the language of the court, throwing Old English, a Germanic(日耳曼语的)language, out of________ usage for around 300 years.By the time English was again_______ at the court, it was a French-influenced language(Middle English). There was actually no________ form of spelling. In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), the same word was spelled differently. This was not his fault. He was simply following the spelling of the time.Standardization did not come until the 15th century. The use of the printing press(印刷机)and, for the first time, the mass distribution(大量流通)of books________ the spelling of words. The spelling system we use today is based on the pronunciation of that time.Now the story gets a bit________. Between 1450 and 1750, English pronunciation went through what experts call the Great Vowel Shift(主要元音转移). However, _______ the nature of how English words are pronounced has evolved, the spelling system has remained largely unchanged.Supporters of English spelling reform argue that________ words with more phonetically accurate letter combinations will promote literacy(读写能力). Others don’t think so. They say that the spelling system we use today leaves plenty of________ to unlocking the history of the language, helping readers understand the origins of words. What do you think? Should English try to“________” the spelling of words?21.A．similarities B．mistakes C．irregularities D．varieties 22.A．ancient B．various C．local D．unknown 23.A．questions B．steps C．goals D．rules24.A．unnecessary B．impossible C．natural D．easy25.A．mixed together B．put forward C．figured out D．written down 26.A．understand B．recite C．expand D．practice 27.A．correct B．actual C．official D．popular 28.A．banned B．translated C．changed D．allowed 29.A．set B．alternative C．complex D．separate 30.A．transformed B．froze C．repeated D．measured 31.A．funny B．clear C．scary D．tricky32.A．since B．while C．unless D．until33.A．combining B．replacing C．sharing D．exchanging 34.A．obstacles B．admissions C．keys D．applications 35.A．fix B．improve C．copy D．avoid36. The UN recommended that all sides ______ a resolution on the Palestine-Israel conflict on Saturday, hoping it will end, even if temporarily, the deaths and sufferings of people in the Gaza Strip.A．adopted B．would adopt C．adopt D．could adopt37. A group of foreign climbers, ______ love adventures and extreme sports, are determined to visit Guilin and tried a vertical journey about Karsts.A．many of them B．many of who C．many of whom D．whose many 38. An earthquake occurs when plates below the earth’s surface ______.A．push together B．push up C．pull apart D．pull up39. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor ______ published the article as it had ______ been written.A．impatiently, organically B．independently, ordinarilyC．reluctantly, originally D．relevantly, occasionally40. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights ______ and its horn______, roared down the arcade.A．on, blaring B．on, blared C．up, blaring D．up, blared41. "______ there is something to identify, we will give people their money back," said a spokeswoman for the Bank. "Last year, we paid ￡1.5m on 21,000 ______."A．As long as, declarations B．So long as, claimsC．as if, announcements D．if only, statements42. ______ a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Great St. Bernard Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveler is in difficulty.A．Because of B．Due to C．On account of D．Now that43. Cats can be friendly and affectionate towards humans, but they never become ______ like dogs and horses.A．fascinated B．submissive C．suspicious D．mysterious44. ____ no means ______ give up English learning, the bridge between us and the world.A．By, we would B．By, should we C．In, we should D．In, shall we45. Sometimes twins don’t need to speak to each other and they can ______ send messages to each other when they aren’t in the same place.A．somewhat B．anyhow C．somehow D．anyway46. China and Cuba had worked hand in hand on the path of building socialism with their own characteristics, thus forging an unbreakable ______ of trust and friendship.A．bound B．measure C．bond D．response47. There are few warning ______ just before a tsunami hits, so scientists study and ______ tsunamis in order to warn people and minimize deaths.A．signs, track B．signals, track C．sighs, treat D．sights, treat 48. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to ______ dialects and characters.A．various of B．variety of C．varieties of D．diversity of49. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.A．breaks B．has brokenC．were broken D．had been broken50. Despite ______ under city ruins after the earthquake, he was still positive and relived a younger girl crying beside him.A．he was trapped B．trapped C．trapping D．being trapped阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
