Apollo and Daphne

读名画：阿波罗和达芙妮JoeAbout the paintingThe painting，called Apollo and Daphne，waspainted by John William Waterhouse in1908.Waterhouse was among the most popular Victorianartists. He"s known for working in the Pre-Raphaelitestyle.In the paining was a terrified girl running awayfrom the God Apollo.The girl was Daphne，the daughter of the rivergod Peneus.One day the love god Eros took twoarrows，one of gold and the other of lead.He shotApollo with the golden one，which was to inspire loveand Daphne with the leaden one，inspiring hatred.SoApollo felt in love with Daphne while Daphne wantednothing to do with him.Apollo kept chasing downher and she just ran away from him. Soon she grewweary in her running and Apollo would catch her atlast.Fearful，she called out to her father for help.Asall gods of water had the ability of transformation，Peneus transformed his daughter into a laurel tree.Apollo reached the laurel tree and claimed the treeas his special tree，and adorned himself with some ofits leaves.And that is why the laurel was a symbol ofApollo.More about ApolloApollo was the son of Zeus and Leto.Accordingto Greek mythology，Leto was driven by Hera formal and to land;at last Poseidon took pity on her andbrought the island of Delos out of water for her tolive on.There she gave birth to the twins，Apollo andArtemis.Apollo was the sun god.He wore a purple robe.He usually sat in hisbright eastern palace early inthe morning and made ready to start his daily journeyacross the sky.During the day he drove his carriageof gold and ivory，and brought light，life and loveto the great world te in theafternoon hecame to the end of his journey in the far western seaand got onhis golden boat to return to his easternhome.Apollo was also the god of music and poetry.He could stir up all feelings. These feelings areexpressed in lofty songs.With his lyre of gold and thesweet accents of his godlike voice heldthe choir of the Muses at Olympus.The pleasant music from his lyre was so exciting that stonesmarched into their places in rhythmic time and of their own will when he helped Poseidon build upthe walls of Troy.On one occasion，invited to a contest by the human musician Marsyas，he wonand then flayed him to death for his pride.On another occasion，he lost out to Pan at a musical contest and turned the ears of the judge，King Midas，into those of an ass.His son，Orpheus，took over such skill from the father that his lyre moved man and animals alike.Apollo stood for youthful and manly beauty.His golden hair，stately manner and air allcombined to make him the admiration of the world.A beautiful girl，by the name of Clytle，was so fond of his beauty and glory that from dawn to dusk she knelt on the ground，her handsoutstretched towards the sun god，and her eyes looked at his golden wheeled carriage racingacross the blue sky.Though her love was not returned，she had never changed her mind aboutApollo.The gods were moved at the sad sight，andchanged her into a sunflower.关于这幅画这幅画名为《阿波罗和达芙妮》，是画家约翰威廉沃特豪斯于1908年所作。

许多英语的成语来源于希腊神话，并且走入了人们的日常生活。

如产生于特洛伊战争（the Trojan War）中的几个成语故事：apple of discord，意思是“不和的根源”。

说的是不和女神艾瑞斯（Eris）在某个婚礼中投下一只金苹果，上面写着“送给最美的女神”。

结果引起神后赫拉（Hera）、智慧女神雅典娜（Athene）和爱与美的女神阿芙洛狄特（Aphrodite）的争夺。

最后她们去找特洛伊城（Troy）的王子帕里斯（Paris）裁决。

三位女神向Paris许下了不同的诺言。

Aphrodite 许诺说她将把世界上最美的女人送给Paris，于是Paris就把鑫苹果判给了Aphrodite.Hera和Athene非常生气，发誓要报复特洛伊人。

后来，Paris出使希腊的斯巴达，在Aphrodite的帮助下，勾引走了斯巴达王后海伦（Helen）——当时世界上最美丽的女人。

Paris拐走了Helen，激起了全体希腊人的公愤，于是希腊各国组成联军，远征特洛伊人。

战争中，Aphrodite支持特洛伊人，Hera 和Athene支持希腊人。

由一只苹果引发了战争，因此apple of discord意思就是“不和的根源，发生纠纷的事端”。

这次战争中涌现了许多英雄，阿基里斯（Achilles）就是其中之一。

幼年时，他母亲为了使他有不死之身，提着他的脚在冥河中将他全身浸过，使刀枪不能伤害他，唯独脚跟没有浸过冥河水，结果在同Paris作战时，被Paris用毒箭射中脚跟而死，因此Achilles' heel（阿基里斯之踵）就成了“致命的弱点”的同义语。

特洛伊战争的最后一年，希腊人采用了“木马计”（the Trojan Horse），在Hera和Athene的帮助下，攻陷了特洛伊城。

由于Helen导致了特洛伊城的沦陷，因此Helen of Troy就成了“红颜祸水，倾国尤物”的代名词。

再如：the sword of Damocles（达摩克利斯之剑），Damocles是叙拉古王朝的一位大臣，非常羡慕帝王的荣华富贵。

阿波罗和达芙妮《阿波罗和达芙妮》（Apollo and Daphne）是意大利雕塑家济安·劳伦佐·贝尼尼在约1622~1623年（或1622~1625年）创作的大理石人物雕塑。

该作品现收藏于意大利罗马博而盖塞博物馆。

该雕塑取材于一个古希腊神话，表现了达芙妮在被阿波罗的手触到时，就开始变为一棵月桂树动势和变化的过程。

该雕塑采用了奔跑的动态构图，两个人的手臂伸展成了一个半圆的弧线，与脚下的动作协调一致，从而使他们的身体曲线优美得如同飘逸的舞姿。

雕塑内容该雕塑表现了阿波罗的手触到达芙妮身体时的一瞬间，两人都处在乘风奔跑的运动中，身体轻盈、优美。

在雕塑的表现中，达芙妮的身体如此温润与真实，她开始变成月桂树，行走如飞的腿幻化为树干植入大地，飘动的头发和伸展的手指缝中长出了树叶。

然而，达芙妮的整个身体仍具有凌空欲飞的姿态。

她侧着头，眼睛斜视，目光由惊恐变为麻木。

阿波罗眼睁睁地看着达芙妮变成了月桂树，神情由惊讶转为悲伤，却无力挽回。

他的一只手仍然放在达芙妮的身体上，另一只手则向斜下方伸展，同达芙妮的手臂形成一条直线。

创作背景《阿波罗和达芙妮》是贝尔尼为罗马的红衣主教皮奥涅·波尔盖兹教皇的别墅创作的雕塑，一共有四组雕塑，这是其中的一组。

该雕塑取材于神话故事，传说太阳神阿波罗因得罪了爱神丘比特，调皮的丘比特将那支能够点燃爱情火焰的箭射向了太阳神阿波罗，把另一支驱散爱情的箭射向了河神的女儿达芙妮。

当阿波罗向达芙妮求爱时，达芙妮果断地拒绝了，甚至一看到阿波罗，达芙妮就会跑开。

当阿波罗就要追逐到达芙妮时，达芙妮向父亲河神发出求救，就在阿波罗碰触到达芙妮身体的时候，达芙妮变成了一棵月桂树，她的头发变成了树叶，手腕变成了树枝，两条腿变成了树干，双脚变成了树根扎入泥土里。

懊恼的阿波罗却依然爱着达芙妮，他用达芙妮变成的月桂树的枝叶做成了自己的桂冠，这也是“桂冠”一词的由来。

阿波罗的行为最终还是感动了变成月桂树的达芙妮。

Greek Mythology -------DaphneIt was the most beautiful tragedy love story in Greek mythology about Daphne and Apollo.It was told that one day,Eros(The God Of Love) was laughed at by Apollo(The God Of Sun),in order to revenge Apollo,Eros decided use his love arrow to strike Apollo,at the same time,he used the hate arrow to strike Daphne.Then ,Apollo quickly falling in love with Daphne,but Daphne didn’t like Apollo.While Apollo run after her ,Daphne called her father change her into a laurel tree.Saw that ,Apollo was very sad and he decided to guarded the laurel tree forever.The story just begun with a trick,but ended with a tragedy.In this drama,I played a godness who named Daphne.She was a daughter of Peneus---The River God. Daphne was a very beautiful and charming girl so that there were many young people to pursue her.However,she refused all of them ,because ,in Daphne’s opinion ,she fared the feeling of love and being loved,also,she hated the marriage between god and godness. Therefor,since she was young,she sworn that she would never marry somebody ,she wanted to have a freedom like her idol---Artemis(Apollo’s sister ,The Goodness Of Moon).It was not easy for her to hold on her faith.Her father didn’t agree with her ,he always said to her:”Daphne,I wanted to have a grandson.”But Daphne still hold on her faith.Even when Apollo falling in love with her and insisted to pursue her,she would rather become a tree than accept Apollo’s deep love.From th e myth ,we can know,Daphne hold on her faith forever even she would not bring back to life .After I heard this story ,I was deeply impressed by Daphne,the girl which I played.I learn many from her.First,I was moved by Daphne’s perseverance.She kept h er faith since she was young ,she didn’t want to have a marriage and love,she wanted to be a virgin like Artemis, and she try her best to hunting for freedom.Therefore ,nobody could attract her ,even if Apollo.As we know,Apollo was an excellent and handsome man.In Greek mythology,he was approach to perfect,but Daphne refused him in order to keep herown faith.In the end ,she became a laurel tree to prove her perseverance. In nowadays,more and more students are lacking of this good spirit.When we had a goal,maybe we can hold on it in a short time,however ,how many people can hold it forever ?The answer is seldom. It was difficult to achieve your goal,but if you persevere,you will close to success.Whatever, hold on you faith and try your best to persevere,you will win.Second,I admired Daphne’s independent.In Daphne’opinion ,as a woman,she needed to depend on herself,so ,she liked to do things which man like to do ,for example,she liked to hunting in woods.she didn’t want to rely on man,maybe it is the one reason that she hate marriage.I think her idea is valuable not only in old time,but also in modern society.Woman should be independent like Daphne.That included:thought independent, economical independent and spirit independent.if women can do these,they would know how to make themselves happy and facility.they will be more success.Third, I admired her for her own personality .Daphne is special in that time,as a woman ,she decided not to marry somebody,that is a shock in the old society..she is more like a modern people for her strong personality.i think everyone should own their personality.that can keep them more special and charming. Personality can decided one’s quality ,ability ,and fate.Consequently,possess your own personality.that will help you in future.To sum up,I like this myth and Daphne,I hope I can be a perseverance and independent girl like Daphne,and also own my personality.。

Apollo and Daphne一．The introduction of the charactersApollo:As we all know, Apollo is the most widely admired god among the Olympian gods. He is the son of Zeus and Leto. He is the god of sun and the god of music and poetry. As Apollo is an energetic and handsome man, he is welcomed and beloved by many beautiful goddesses. But the love story between Apollo and Daphne is a very appealing and attractive one.Daphne :Daphne is a lovely blooming fairy maiden. She is the daughter of the river god Peneus.Eros:The love story between them may be considered as a tragedy. And the culprit is Eros, the god of love, who is better known by his Latin name--- Cupid. Cupid in Roman mythology, Goddess of love and beauty Aphrodite and Ares, younger son of Ares, often shaped as a bow and arrow in hand, dorsal wings naughty little boy. His Golden arrows have pierced the heart will love, and arrows have pierced the heart of lead will produce disgust, often with no blind firing.二．The storyApollo and Daphne is a story from ancient Greek mythology, retold by Hellenistic and Roman authors in the form of an amorous vignette; "Apollo and Daphne" by Antonio Pollaiuolo.The curse of Apollo, the god of the sun and music, was brought onto him when he insulted the young Eros (a.k.a. Cupid) for playing with bow and arrows Apollo was a great warrior and said to him, "What have you to do with warlike weapons, saucy boy? Leave them for hands worthy of them. Behold the conquest I have won by means of them over the vast serpent who stretched his poisonous body over acres of the plain! Be content with your torch, child, and kindle up your flames, as you call them, where you will, but presume not to meddle with my weapons."The petulant Eros took two arrows, one of gold and one of lead. The gold onewas supposed to incite love, while the lead one was supposed to incite hatred.With the leaden shaft, Eros shot the nymph Daphne and with the golden one, he shot Apollo through the heart. Apollo was seized with love for the maiden, Daphne, and she in turn abhorred him. In fact, she spurned her many potential lovers, preferring instead woodland sports and exploring the woods. Her father, Peneus, demanded that she get married so that she may give him grandchildren. However, she begged her father to let her remain unmarried, like Apollo's twin sister, Artemis He warned her saying, "Your own face will forbid it." By saying this he meant that she was too beautiful to keep all her potential lovers away forever.Apollo continually followed her, begging her to stay, but the nymph continued her flight. They were evenly matched in the race until Eros intervened and helped Apollo gain upon Daphne.Seeing that Apollo was bound to catch her, she called upon her father, "Help me, Peneus! Open the earth to enclose me, or change my form, which has brought me into this danger!”三. ReflectionsThis story reminds me of the poem “Life is precious and love is even more precious. For love, they can be thrown. " Daphne does not love Apollo, do not love the God of light, son of the god Zeus. Even if he plays a pivotal role in God, even if he is a near-perfect image. However, love is a strange thing, not because of who have status have the right to have others love, Apollo encountered closed the heart of Daphne, she does not love him, even could say that Apollo is a totally one-sided. Unrequited love is love, but just one person’s thing .Apollo would have ran even when Daphne escaped .Apollo also went to the trouble of chasing. Perhaps some people try to persuade Daphne and says, "You promise to Apollo's love ! You see he was right and had the potential, and also still infatuated with you, he will take care of you in the future, with fear in my mouth, hold it in your hand is afraid to fall, you have to seize the good opportunities, but do notappreciate favors! "But our Daphne was not moved by their words. I think she must have thought:He has powerful magic, but he has not opened my heart, I don't favor on him . He is noble, but humble, he has a noble heart! Love needs fate, we have acquaintance did not have love .As a result, Apollo struggling to catch up, he wouldn't stop, Daphne would rather her father turned her into a Laurel tree. At that moment she was set free, she was neither status nor the power up to hundreds or thousands of God than she won the dignity. Maybe some people will think this is a tragedy for Daphne , but I did want to say she got her most valuable thing--freedom,her life obtained the sublimation. You look! Near the Laurel , it was a picture of long boom and putrid aroma!In this story we can know that love is freedom that we can not use our power , our money to get it . In this story we can realize that Apollo feels he is the best man in the world , so when he shows his love to Daphne ,she will be very happy and accept him . This is only his own thought , so when he showed his love , Daphne ran away and would rather to be a laurel in the end . Maybe , we would say Daphne is a stupid girl , but in fact ,only in this way ,she would obtain her freedom and peaceful life . Daphne is a brave girl , she know what she want , and she would concentrate on it even if she will pay more effect to achieve it . As for cupid , he is really a irresponsible person , he has very powerful right , but he abuse of his right . This is a very bad thing . In our daily life , this king of things is very universal , they use their right to achieve their desires , even if their behavior will hurt our interests .From this story we realize that we all have desires in our mind , but we also know that we can not hurt other people’s interests . For love , we also must know it is the relationship between two person , we have the right to love , at the same time ,we also have the duty to let others happy .。

在长期的历史进程中，由于文化、贸易、外交以及英国被占领和占领殖民地等活动，英语汲取了大量的外来词汇，其中许多为希腊词汇。

特别在14、15世纪文艺复兴时期，人们更加热衷于希腊文化。

作为世界上最“世俗化”的神话体系，也是最完整、最丰富的神话体系，希腊神话的地位显得尤为突出。

因此，我们在学习和研究英语外来文字时，不能不注意到英语中众多来自于希腊神话的英语词汇和希腊神话对英语的重要影响。

atlas（地图集）阿特拉斯（Altas）是希腊神话中的大力神，因反对主神宙斯，被罚作苦役，用头和肩将天撑起。

1595年，比利时地理学家和制图家Gerardus Mercator第一次在他的地图集的卷首使用了Atlas作为地图集的书名，并绘有Atlas肩负地球的形象。

从此以后，atlas作为“地图集”以及他肩负地球的形象就流传下来。

daphne（月桂树）达芙妮（Daphne）在古希腊神话中是河神的女儿，淘气的小爱神厄洛斯（Eros，即罗马神话中的丘比特Cupid）用爱情的金剑射中太阳神阿波罗（Apol-lo），然后用爱情的铅剑射中达芙妮，结果阿波罗疯狂地追逐达芙妮，而达芙妮则惧怕爱情，被追得无路可逃，就祈求众神，把她化成了月桂树。

在英语中，月桂树就叫daphne。

英语中还用shy as Daphne （羞怯如达芙妮）来表示少女羞羞答答的样子。

echo（回声、反响、重复）、narcissus（水仙花、自恋）厄科（Echo ）是一位希腊女神，因说话喋喋不休，受到天后的责罚，只允许她重复别人向她说的最后一句话。

她狂热地爱上了英俊的河神之子那耳客索斯（Narcissus），却遭到拒绝。

那耳客索斯厌烦地说：“别梦想我为你着迷！”厄科只能重复：“我为你着迷。

我为你着迷……”从此厄科躲进山洞，不久憔悴而死。

山洞里只余下她的回声，重复着别人的话。

在英语中，还有cheer sb.（sth.）to the echo，指对某人或某物长时间而大声喝彩。

《英国文学史及选读》作业题及答案1：[单选题] Byron wrote the following except ________.A：Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage B：Manfred C：Don JuanD：The Revolt of Islam参考答案：D2：[单选题]Jane Austen's first published novel was ________.A：A. Sense and Sensibility B：B. Emma C：C. Mansfield ParkD：D. Pride and Prejudice参考答案：A3：[单选题] The time setting of The Canterbury Tales is April, or to say the spring, which might signify____.A：A.deathB：B.Chaucer’s birth day C：C.rebirthD：D.the young sun参考答案：C4：[单选题]Among the following, the one who was also an artist of engraving is ________.A：A. Samuel Taylor Coleridge B：B. Robert Burns C：C. William WordsworthD：D. William Blake参考答案：D5：[单选题]William Wordsworth is frequently referred to as ________.A：A. a religious poetB：B. a worshipper of nature C：C. a modernist poetD：D. a worshipper of beauty参考答案：B6：[单选题]The line "To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield" is from Tennyson's ______.A：A. Idylls of the King B：B. In Memoriam C：C. MaudD：D. "Ulysses"参考答案：D7：[单选题]The story of The Grass is Singing by Doris Lessing takes place in ______.A：A. Africa B：B. America C：C. AsiaD：D. England参考答案：A8：[单选题]Jane Eyre is first published in _______ by the pseudonym of _______.A：A. 1847; Ellis Bell B：B. 1848; Acton Bell C：C. 1847; Currer BellD：D. 1853; Charlotte Bronte参考答案：C9：[单选题]In "Ode on a Grecian Urn" the references to Tempe and Arcady are ______.A：A. British B：B. Italian C：C. GreekD：D. Persian参考答案：C10：[单选题]Which Greek mythology does the title The Road From Colonus by E. M. Forster refer to?A：A. Oedipus complex B：B. Oedipus and Antigone C：C. Apollo and Daphne D：D. Sphinx参考答案：AThe most successful novel of A. S. Byatt is The Game.Shakespeare wrote 39 playsDickens was a critical realist.Wordsworth said, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. "To be or not to be" is included in HamletWordsworth, Coleridge and Southey were poets of the Lake School Lyrical Ballads was composed by Wordsworth onlyPope and Johnson were contemporaries.The Spenserian sonnet and the Spenserian stanza are the same.Chaucer was "father of English poetry".1：[单选题]D. H. Lawrence's first novel, ________, was published in 1911.A：A. Sons and Lovers B：B. The White Peacock C：C. The RainbowD：D. The Trespasser参考答案：B2：[单选题]The poetry of Samuel Taylor Coleridge may be characterized by its ________.A：A. plain language B：B. supernatural color C：C. scenes of common lifeD：D. traditional images参考答案：B3：[单选题]Authors and poems are correctly paired in all of the following except ________. A：A. William Wordsworth—“The Solitary Reaper”B：B. William Blake—“A Red, Red Rose”C：C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge—“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”D：D. Robert Burns—“The Tree of Liberty”参考答案：B4：[单选题]Robert Burns came from ________.A：A. England B：B. Wales C：C. ScotlandD：D. Ireland参考答案：C5：[单选题]The central image of "The Tyger” is ________.A：A. hammer B：B. chain C：C. anvilD：D. fire参考答案：A6：[单选题]The setting for "Kubla Khan” is in ________.A：A. England B：B. France C：C. JapanD：D. China参考答案：D7：[单选题] __________ is famous for his satirical style.A：A. Daniel Defoe B：B. Samuel Richarson C：C. Henry FieldingD：D. Jonathan Swift参考答案：D8：[单选题]In addition to The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Defoe also wrote______.A：A. Tom Jones B：B. Pamela C：C. The Adventures of Roderick Random D：D. Moll Flanders参考答案：D9：[单选题]What is the purpose of the speaker in Flea?A：A. to condem the flea who sucked his lover’s bloodB：B. to convince his lover their blood has been mingledC：C. to persuade his lover to accept his loveD：D. to tell his lover killing the flea means self-murder参考答案：C10：[单选题]In Paradise Lost, Milton was unconsciously in sympathy with ____________.A：A. Satan B：B. God C：C. serpentD：D. Adam参考答案：AThe French Lieutenant's Woman is characterized by alternative endings.The 19th-century novelists took the irrational philosophy and Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis as their theoretical base.T. S. Eliot denied the influence of the legend of Holy Grail on The Waste Land.The title The Road From Colonus refers to the Greek myth of Oedipus and Antigone.Complexity, obscurity, symbols, allusion and irony are all characteristics of modernist writings.D. H. Lawrence's attitude towards industrial revolution is not shown very clearly in his works.Samson Agonistes is a drama by John Milton.The French symbolism, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.The metaphysical poets are characterized by their extensive use of conceit.In "The Rocking-Horse Winner¡± the boy Paul died immediately after he fell off from the rocking-horse. Explain the following two terms:1. Sonnet2. AllusionThe sonnet is one of the poetic forms that can be found in lyric poetry from Europe. The term "sonnet" derives from the Occitan word sonet and the Italian word sonetto, both meaning "little song" or "little sound". By the thirteenth century, it had come to signify a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure. The conventions associated with the sonnet have evolved over its history. The writers of sonnets are sometimes referred to as "sonneteers," although the term can be used derisively. One of the best-known sonnet writers is William Shakespeare, who wrote 154 sonnets. A Shakespearean, or English, sonnet consists of 14 lines, each line containing ten syllables and written in iambic pentameter, in which a pattern of an unemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five times. The rhyme scheme in a Shakespearean sonnet is a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g; the last two lines are a rhyming couplet.2.Allusion means a reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to. An allusion may be drawn from history, geography, literature, and religion.Name the author of each of the following literary works:1. The Canterbury Tales by_______.2. Paradise Lost by________.3. Songs of Innocence by______.4. Pride and Prejudice by_______.5. Tess of the D'Urbevilles______.6. Great Expectations by______.7. Dubliners by________.8. Mrs. Dalloway by_______.9. Lord of the Flies by_______.10. The French Lieutenant's Woman by______.2.Allusion means a reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to. An allusion may be drawn from history, geography, literature, and religion.1：[论述题]What do you think of Mrs. Bennet in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen? How can you characterize her?参考答案：the principal character in a play or story; the central character who serves as a focus for the work’s themes and incidents and as the principal rationale for its development; and one who is opposed to the antagonist.2：[论述题]What is protagonist?参考答案：the principal character in a play or story; the central character who serves as a focus for the work’s themes and incidents and as the principal rationale for its development; and one who is opposed to the antagonist.。

Apollo and DaphneDaphne: Hello, I am Daphne, the daughter of the river god Peneus. I am Apollo’s lover.played by 赵恒宇Apollo: I am playing Apollo, the god of sun as well as music.played by 张杰Eros: The god of love. by曾云霖Peneus: The river god. Daphne’s father. by曾云霖Apollo is respected by other gods when he killed the dragon, python, and he is also very proud of his victory.“I am really a good man, handsome, brave. I am the god of sun, as well as music. Oh, I cannot help praising myself.A:Hei,Eros,what are you doing now, stop!E:I am curious about your bow and arrows. Can I play with it?A:You little boy, what have you got with warlike weapons! Leave them to those who can use them. You are too young to play them.E:But in fact I can use them. I always use my bow and arrows.A:Oh.That’s ridiculous, your bow and arrows are just stage property to please child like you, but my bow and arrows are used to kill monsters, didn’t you look how I used them to kill the dragon. Eros was unhappy when he heard Apollo’s words “How can you be so conceited?A:Really?That’s not a funny story. Child, light up your flames as you call them, where you like, but don’t play with my weapons and give them to me at once.Eros was very angry! Apollo ,if you look down on my bow and arrows, you will surely be regretted.A:Never will I be regretted.E:OK!Please wait your arrows may strike all thing ,but ,Apollo, my arrows shall just strike you. Saying so ,he flew to a rock and drew two different arrows the gold one to excite love, and lead one to stop it with the gold one, he struck Apollo though the heart, at that time, he saw Daphne, without any hesitation, he struck Daphne with the lead one. Apollo thus fall in love with Daphne at once, but Daphne hated the thought of loving. Because of Eros’ trick.A: ”Hello，dear Daphne, I am very glad to meet you!”D: Thank you, god of sun.A: It’s really a nice day. Would you like to have a tea of coffee with me?D: I am afraid I have to say no. I’d like to hunt in woods.A: Hunting, that sounds great, you know I am good at shooting. Would you mind I company with you?D: In fact, I do mind.A: OK, your words hurt me, Daphne .I have something important to tell you! I’m afraid I have no chance to say later. I love you! I don’t have this kind of feeling before. At first, I can’t believe it too, but when I meet you today, I know it. I have to accept this fact.“I’m sorry . I’m not fond of you. In fact , I hate the feeling of love and being loved!”Daphne is going to leave, A followed her at once.“Wait a moment!”“D aughter of Peneus, I am not an enemy, do not run away from me as a lamb flies the wolf, or a dove flies the hawk if you should fall and hurt yourself because of me, I shall be very unhappy!” A“So that you shouldn’t follow me” D was a little angry.“D, please accept my love, I’m lord of Delphiana and Tenedos, and know all things, present and future. I’m the god of medicine, and know the magic power of different herbs……“I am not interested at your background, please be away from me. Don’t follow me any longer.”“No, I will never give up!” Finding his words throw away, Apollo grew impatient, so he gained his speed. But Daphne became faster too, and even as she fled, she charmed Apollo. The wind blew her clothes, and her hair streamed loose behind her.“You are really beautiful!” Apollo can’t help praising.So flew Apollo and Daphne---he on the wings of love, and she on those of fear. Apollo is faster and gained upon her, and his breathe blew on her hair. Her strength began to fail, and ready to sink.So she called on her father, the river god.“Help me, my father!”“What’s up, my daughter” D said.“Dad, Apollo love me, and is chasing me now, but I didn’t like him! Can you help me? ”“Apollo? I am sorry, my dear, he is the god of sun, more importantly, his father is Zeus, I have no idea! ”“Dad, I hate love, I would rather die than marry to him! Help me” Daphne cry…“Oh, dear, I have a idea, but you have to be changed into a tree, and can not be an woman anymore. Would you willing to be a tree?”“I will, please do right now, I can’t insist any longer!”Suddenly, the earth seized her legs and arms. Her bosom began to be enclosed by a tender bark, her hair become leaves, her arms become branches, her feet become fixed in the ground as a root, her face become a treetop.Apollo stood amazed, he touched the tree and felt the flesh trembling and the new back. He held the branches in his arms and kissed.“Since you cannot be my wife” Apollo said.“You shall surely be my tree, I will wear you from my crown. When the great Roman conquerors return in victory, you shall be worn into wreaths for their brows. And as eternal youth is mine, you shall always be green. ”Daphne is changed into a laurel tree and lowed its head in grateful acknowledgement, and laurel became Apollo’s favorite tree, and the laurel should be the price of honor and fame for deathless poets and poetry. That’s the most outstanding poet always desire to be made a poet laureate.。

Daphne was the daughter of the river god Peneus. Daphne was Apollo’s first love. It didn’t happen by accident, but by the trick of Eros.when Eros was playing with his bow and arrows, he said to him, “You little boy, what have you got with warlike weapons? Leave them to those who can use them. Look how I used them to kill the dragon! Play with your torch, child. Light up your flames as you call them, where you like, but don’t play with my weapons.”Eros heard these words and replied, “Your arrows may s trike all things, Apollo, but mine shall just strike you.” Saying so, he flew to a rock and drew two different arrows—the gold arrow to excite love, and lead one to stop it. With the gold one, he stuck Apollo through the heart, and with the other one, he struck Daphne.Apollo thus fell in love with Daphne at once, but Daphne hated the thought of loving. Her happiness was in the sports in woods—hunting. People loved her but she refused them all, taking no thought of Eros or goddess of marriage.“Wait a moment,” said Apollo, when he met her one day, “daughter of Peneus, I am not an enemy. Do not run away from me as a lamb files the wolf, or a dove flies the hawk. If you should fall and hurt yourself on these stones because of me, I shall be very unhappy. Please run slower and I will follow slower. I am no clown, no rude peasant. Zeus id my father, and know all things, present and future. I am the god of music and poetry. My arrows miss no target, but an arrow more fatal than mine went through my heart! I am the god of medicine, and know the magic power of differen t herbs. But, what a pity, I suffer a disease that no medicine can cure!”But Daphne had already run away, leaving him half finished. And even as she fled, she charmed him. The wind blew her clothes, and her hair streamed loose behind her.Finding his words thrown away, Apollo grew impatient. Encouraged by Eros, he gained his speed.So flew Apollo and Daphne—he on the wings of love, and she on those of fear. Apollo is faster and gained began to fail, and ready to sink, she called on her father, the river god: “Help me, father! Open the earth to enclose me, or change my form. It is just this form that brings me to danger!”Hardly had she said these words when stiffness seized her legs and arms. Her bosom began to be enclosed by a tender bark. Her hair became leaves, her arms became branches, her feet became fixed in the ground as a root, her face became a treetop.Apollo stood amazed. He touched the tree and felt the flesh trembling under the new bark. He held the branches in his arms and kissed, but the branches moved away from his lips.“Since you cannot be my wife,” he said, “y ou shall surely be my tree. I will wear you for my crown. When the great Roman conquerors return in victory, you shall be woven into wreaths for their brows. And as eternal youth is mine, you shall always be green.” Daphne changed into a laurel tree and bowed its head in grateful acknowledgement.To show his undying love for Daphne, Apollo decided that the laurel would be his favorite tree and should be the prize of honor and fame for deathless poets and poetry. Thus the most outstanding poet always desires to be made a poet laureate.。

第一章测试1.Deucalion and Pyrrha threw ( ) to create men and women after the GreatFlood.A:arrowsB:ThemselvesC:ArksD:Stones答案:D2.Beauty and Beast is adopted from the story of ( ).A: Eros and PsycheB:Pygmalion and GalateaC:Zeus and EuropaD: Apollo and Daphne答案:A3.The golden fleece symbolizes ( ).A:power and loveB:authority and treasureC: power and treasureD:treasure and love答案:B4. A sop to Cerberus refers to means of ( ).A:briberyB:happinessC:tragedyD:sadness答案:A5.Achilles’s heel implies ( ).A:wisdomB:vitalsC:loveD:fate答案:D6.Prometheus and Epimetheus were brothers.A:对B:错答案:A7.“The virgin is destined for the bride of no mortal over. Her future husbandawaits her on the top of the mountain. He is a monster whom neither godsnor man can resist.” is an oracle of ( ).A:HeraB:PygmalionC: ErosD:Apollo答案:D8.Midas’ ear or ass’ ear is used to describe a person foolish.A:错B:对答案:Bbors of Hercules refers to an extremely difficult task requiring greatstrength or effort to accomplish.A:对B:错答案:A10.Which one is Homer’s epic?A:B:C:D:答案:D第二章测试1.A:EuripidesB:AeschylusC:SophoclesD:Shakespeare答案:A2.( ) was the most-awarded playwright in ancient Roman time.A:SophoclesB:ShakespeareC:EuripidesD:Aeschylus答案:A3.Zeus presented Pandora to ( ).A:PrometheusB:ApolloC:HemersD:Prometheus’ brother答案:D4.Oedipus solves the ( ) of the Sphinx.A:gameB:fateC:riddleD:identity答案:C5.Jason claimed his inheritance and throne by retrieving the( ).A:dragonB:Golden FleeceC:golden coronetD:fiery oxen答案:B6.“Prometheus Bound” was written by ( ).A:SophoclesB:EuripidesC:ShakespeareD:Aeschylus答案:D7.Whose work is known primarily for having reshaped the formal structure ofAthenian tragedy by portraying strong female characters?A:EuripidesB:AeschylusC:SophoclesD:Shakespeare答案:A8.Who presented Pandora to Prometheus’ brother?A:PrometheusB:AthenaC:ZeusD:Apollo答案:C9.“Oedipus Rex” was written by ( ).A:EuripidesB:ShakespeareC:SophoclesD:Aeschylus答案:C10.Who claimed his inheritance and throne by retrieving the Golden Fleece?A:JasonB:MedeaC:Medea’s brotherD:Medea’s father答案:A第三章测试1.A:MercutioB:HoratioC:PoloniusD:Claudius答案:A2.A:LearB:EdmundC:Earl KentD:Edgar答案:D3.A:ItalyB:EnglandC:ScotlandD:Denmark答案:C4.A:loveB:friendshipC:hatredD:good答案:C5.A:a kind of flowerB: a kind of poisonC:a bottle of potion to play deadD:a kind of perfume答案:A6.A:错B:对答案:B7.“All the world is a stage, and all the men and women merely players.”fromShakespeare’s drama “In As You Like it”.A:错B:对答案:B8.Revenge play is very popular at Shakespearean time.A:错B:对答案:B9.“King Lear” is not only a tragedy of a family and a country, b ut also a tragedyof human nature.A:错B:对答案:B10.“Othello” is said to be the most saddest tragedy of Shakespeare.A:错B:对答案:B第四章测试1.Which is not the fairy tale by Oscar Wilde?A:B:C:D:答案:A2.Oscar Wilde became known for his involvement in the rising philosophy ofaestheticism.A:对B:错答案:A3.The selfish giant in the story of “The Selfish Giant” is not selfish in the end.A:对B:错答案:A4.A:错B:对答案:B5.A:错B:对答案:B6.“The Ballad of Reading Gaol” is th e novel by Oscar Wilde.A:错B:对答案:A7.“The Picture of Dorian Gray” is the novel by Oscar Wilde.A:对B:错答案:A8.“The true perfection of man lies not in what man has ,but what manis.”describes the fairy”The Selfish Giant “A:错B:对答案:B9.A:错B:对答案:B10.In th e story of “the Happy Prince”,the little Swallow died at the feet of thelittle prince .A:对B:错答案:A第五章测试1.According to the poem “Leisure” , what is the most important thing in life ismoney.A:错B:对答案:A2.According to the poem”Leisure”, which one o f the following is the mostimportant thing in life?A: moneyB:social statusC:free timeD:beauty答案:C3.William Wordsworth is a realistic poet.A:对B:错答案:B4.William Wordsworth is a ( ）A:Realistic poetB:leading figure of Romantic movementC:Romantic poetD:nature lover答案:BCD5.Which one of the stages is the most pathetic stage?A:loverB:babyC:soldierD:pantaloon答案:D6.According to the poem “on Marriage”， between husband and wife theremust be no space.A:错B:对答案:A7.Which one of the following image is not mentioned in the poem “onMarriage”?A:breadB:treeC:cupD:moon答案:D8.Byron is not a (an) :A:British poetB:American poetC:Romantic poetD:realistic poet答案:BD9.Which of the following images are not mentioned in the poem “To the Virgin,to Make Much o f time”?A:sunB:flowerC:birdD:rainbow答案:CD10. To whom the poem “To the Virgin, to Make Much of time” is written ?A:dying menB:old womenC:soldierD:young women答案:D第六章测试1.O · Henry was sent to prison because ________.A:he was committed adultory with another woman.B:people thought he had stolen money from the newspaperC:he wanted to write stories about prisonersD:people thought he had stolen money from the bank答案:B2.A:对B:错答案:A3.A:A love story between a young and poor couple.B:How to celebrate a happy Christmas for a young and rich couple.C:A love story between a young and rich couple.D:How to choose Christmas presents for couples.答案:A4.As with many other homeless people in the United States, Soapy ispsychologically experienced in thinking of the local jail as a homelessshelter.A:对B:错答案:A5.A:错B:对答案:B6.O · Henry lived a very rich life in Britain.A:对B:错答案:B7.The important theme of the story” After Twenty Years” is revealing a distinctcontrast between the loyalty to the friends and devotion to the duty.A:错B:对答案:B8.Why did Della weep before Christmas?A:She had little money to buy Jim a present.B:She had little money to buy herself a gift.C:Jim didn’t give her a Christmas gift.D:She couldn’t see Jim during Christmas.答案:A9.The gift Della bought Jim was ___________. Which of the following is NOT right.A:A gold watch chain that was at her great expense.B:A gift that Della had been planning for a month.C:Something fine and rare—- something worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.D:A gift for which Della spent two hours searching all the stores.答案:B10.A:A love story between a young and poor couple.B:How to choose Christmas presents for couples.C:Money is love.D:How to celebrate a happy Christmas for a young and rich couple.答案:A。