专题三转换词类，事半功倍（2）
[一]
1．Although a great number of citizens agreed to the plan, others disagreed, so no agreement was reached finally. (agree)
2．Our parents are concerned about our health. As far as I’m concerned, we should talk with them and tell them our concerns. (concern)
3．The room was very dusty when I worked in. All the furniture was covered with dust. (dust) 4．The entire village was destroyed. It now looks entirely different from the previous one. (entire)
5．The doctor said her father would recover soon and we wish her father would make a full recovery from the operation. (recover)
6．The old man went through a lot of sufferings in the old days．What’s worse，he suffered from heart attack when he was in his eighties. (suffer)
[二]
1．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance. (gradual)
2．He had changed so much that you couldn’t recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition. (recognize)
3．The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didn’t know how she could express her feelings properly. (express)
4．I can speak English fluently, so my deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments. (fluent)
5．I paid a visit to Russia which is rich in natural resources and the travel enriched my horizons. (rich)
6．Please set off earlier because the traffic jams are more frequent and what’s worse, the buses run less frequently on Sunday. (frequent)
[三]
1．When talking about my son’s reading preference，I think he prefers science books. (prefer) 2．My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Beijing University．He has been working in a famous company after graduation. (graduate)
3．John is very reliable—if he promises to do something，he will do it, so you can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble. (rely)
4．Li Hua is a young man with great determination．He determined to go to Tibet after graduation. Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word. (determine)
5．He joined the organization which was organized by his school as soon as it was set up. (organize)
[四]
1．After seeing the frightening film, the frightened boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark. (frighten)
2．The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly. (congratulate)
3．Judging from his looks, he must be an honest man. On the contrary, he often robs and steals, so the judge pointed out that a man should not be judged by his appearance. (judge) 4．We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday. (shock)
5．Rescuers said the injured were taken to a hospital nearby, and fortunately the injuries were not serious, not life threatening. (injure)
1．The old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to the education cause. (devote)
2．All men are born equal, so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand. (equal)
3．On the whole, people who are well educated can find jobs easier than those without a good education. (educate)
4．As far as I’m concerned, it does serious harm to children’s character that too much violence is shown on television．What’s worse, violence on TV makes people behave violently. (violent)
5．Everyone likes to live in peace, but it seems that the world is always not peaceful. (peace) 6．I was once hopeless about my lessons, but I hoped for progress, so I hopefully asked my teacher for help. It was his encouragement and instruction that made me improve greatly and now I’m hopeful about my future. (hope)
7．Please actively take part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning. (active)
[四]
1．There is no doubt that Catherine is doubtful of her future, for she doubts whether she can continue to work. (doubt)
2．It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty. (evident)
3．All the experts valued your advice; in other words，they thought your advice was valuable. (valuable)
4．Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of survival．Luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident. (survive) 5．As far as I know, the designers who designed all our bank cards have made our life easier.
(design)
[五]
1．She is in a hopeless situation，and she hopes that someone will come and help her put through. (hope)
2．All the excited competitors who are relatively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medals in the competition. (compete)
3．Up till now admission to college is gained by exam only．If you cannot pass the exam，you will not be admitted to college. (admit)
4．Advertisers are supposed to be honest with the advertisements. If you advertise your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined up to 50, 000 yuan. (advertise)
5．A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages. Their voluntary work is well worth praising. (volunteer)
6．It was foolish of you to refer to your notes in such an important test．Stop making a fool of yourself. (fool)
[六]
1．Eating too much every day is harmful to our health; that is to say, eating too much every day does harm to our health. (harm)
2．He succeeded his father as manager of the company．Soon their business became very successful．Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success. (succeed)
3．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work. (employ)
4．In the letter, he thanked me for my appreciating his work and my appreciation made him confident again. (appreciate)
5．He loves his younger brother very much and tries every way to protect him，but I think his protection is too much. (protect)
6．None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. (respond)
7．The man is always distant towards his neighbors, so his neighbors often keep him at a distance. (distant)
[七]
1．He gave her a confident smile and his confidence made her face challenge bravely. (confident)
2．My friend is a reliable person, and you can rely on it that he will give you a hand. (rely) 3．The performers from the U.S.A. performed very well at the concert and their performances were well received. (perform)
4．Many visitors are attracted by the beauty of the West Lake, saying that the beautiful
scenery there is really attractive. (attract)
5．He has a sense of humor. As soon as he came back from his holiday, he gave a humorous account of his trip to America. (humor)
6．The musician has a great talent for classical music，whose musical ability conquered all the audience. (music)
[八]
1．The young man kept apologizing to his girlfriend for his being late, but she refused to accept his apology. (apologize)
2．They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration. (celebrate)
3．4．Della’s eyes were full of sadness at the sad news and she looked sadly at her husband. (sad)
5．Even if you have a permit, I won’t permit you to enter the hall without my permission. (permit)
6．The key to apply information in agriculture is the talent of agricultural information. (agriculture)
7．To keep energetic, he set aside two hours a day to take exercise．That’s why he is always full of energy. (energy)
8．The old temple has kept many of its original features, which tells us the origin of the legend. Originally, people knew little about it, but now it becomes very famous. (origin)
[四]
1．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear. They will ask all kinds of questions curiously．To meet their curiosity, we’d better answer them patiently. (curiosity) 2．David has a strong body. He has the strength to do this hard work. We had better strengthen the relationship between us. (strength)
3．Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you learn it well, it will be beneficial to your future career. It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English. (benefit)
4．We can’t always combine work with pleasure, and the combination is hard to get. (combine)
5．The natural resources we have are limited. Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit. (limit)
[九]
1．There was a puzzled look on the little girl’s face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.
(puzzle)
2．Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens. (violent)
3．Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health．So there is no harm in advising you to give it up. (harm) 4．He often says that he doesn’t believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others’ religious freedom. (religion)
5．Since my younger brother is fond of biology, he is determined to become a biologist when he grows up. (biology)
6．As is known to us, everyone has his likes and dislikes. My little sister is fond of pop music. She is likely to become a famous pop singer in the future. (like)
[十]
1．With so many trees and flowers surrounding it, the school looks very nice. I’d like to bring up my son in healthy surroundings, so I would like to send him to it. (surround)
2．So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad．To tell you the truth, I am deeply impressed by its beautiful scenery. (impress) 3．Though there is a long distance between Tom and his family, they don’t feel distant. (distance)
4．Robert left his hometown as a poor boy and returned as an extremely wealthy man. However, he knows that wealth doesn’t mean everything. (wealth)
5．The little boy mixed vinegar with sugar, and the mixture tasted not so bad. (mix)
[十一]
1．The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of others. (behave)
2．The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune, while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money. (intend)
3．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts．It gave us not only hope but also inspiration. (inspire)
4．He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health. At last, he argued us out of smoking. (argue)
5．It is considerate of you to take her illness into consideration. (consider)
[十二]
1．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time. (confuse)
2．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job. (equip)
3．Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed. (disturb)
4．Madam Curie discovered Radium, and many scientists were surprised at her discovery at that time. (discover)
5．Women have gained the freedom to decide whether to marry or not, and they are free to choose their jobs at present. (free)
6．Owing to the great hunger, a great number of hungry children died. (hungry)
[十三]
1．The famous performer is said to have performed a humorous performance at yesterday’s evening party, which has a deep impression on the audience. (perform)
2．To my astonishment, he didn’t feel astonished at the astonishing news that his brother died at all. (astonish)
3．Fortunately, when he went abroad to try his fortune, he gained great wealth. (fortune)
4．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment, so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class. (entertain)
一言巧记
5．The boy is particularly interested in making model planes but he is not particular about what he eats. (particular)
6．After school, she directly went off in the direction of the cinema to see the new film directed by the famous director. (direct)
7．Although he failed many times, he didn’t admit he was a failure. He would face the challenge bravely and tried to achieve his goal. (fail)
8．She tried to convince me that I was mistaken. What she said was so convincing that I was completely convinced. (convince)
[十四]
1．The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity. (curious)
2．To tell you the truth, I’m truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come true.
(true)
3．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked. (defend)
4．Entering a supermarket, I was warmly greeted by the greengrocer(果菜商). His cheery greetings made me feel at home. (greet)
5．I wouldn’t want to be associated with the illegal association. (associate)
6．He stated the other day that the statement was not made by him. (state)
[十五]
1．There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety attracts many customers. (various)．
2．The audience was amused by the performance in the amusement park. (amuse)
3．With the help of the advanced technology, we can complete the task in advance. (advance) 4．Some tourist attractions in Beijing attract many foreigners to pay a visit because they are attractive. (attract)
5．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn’t admitted into it at last. (admit)
6．My sister works as a translator of technical texts. She has translated many articles. (translate)
[十六]
1．It was concluded that he didn’t tell us the truth. I also came to the conclusion that he lied. (conclude)
2．The writer personally contributed ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his contributions were gratefully received. (contribute)
3．Mary announced to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy, whose announcement of their marriage would appear in the local newspaper next week. (announce) 4．The great bridge under construction is designed by Chinese engineers and it will take about a year to construct the large bridge. (construct)
5．I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge. Last week I got a new job in a big firm, and I found it very challenging. (challenge)
6．I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save people’s lives. (science)
7．In the class, our teacher often instructs us to improve our reading ability and his instruction makes a difference in our English learning. (instruct)
8．We’ll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions. (responsible)
[十七]
1．We are in instant need of help. Please tell us instantly they arrive. (instant)
2．The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place. Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors. I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it. (impress)
一言巧记
3．The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans. (surround)
4．The firm is pressing me for a decision and the pressure from my parents is quite unbearable, so I had to accept this new job. (press)
5．An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement. (settle)
[十八]
1．To his delight, he took first place in the exam. His parents were delighted to know about it. (delight)
2．Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need. (assist)
3．Mary and I had appointed to meet at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the appointment, so I was very angry. (appoint)
4．In class, the naughty boy has little power of concentration; as a result, he could not concentrate on what his teacher says. But when he plays computer games, he can’t be more concentrated. (concentrate)
5．Professor Smith, who is famous in the medical profession, is paying a professional visit to our college. (profession)
6．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills. (admire)
一言巧记admire
[十九]
1．He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious. (injure)
2．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster．Their bravery deserved to be praised. (brave)
3．Don’t press me any longer. These days, I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great pressure on me. (press)
4．The applicants who want to apply for the position should hand in their applications. (apply)
5．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government. (treat)
6．We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various. (vary)
[二十]
1．I have faith in him because he has served us faithfully for many years, and I think he is a faithful and honest friend. (faith)
2．I was walking aimlessly in the street when I came across John, who led an aimless sort of life without any aim. (aim)
3．With his business going on well, at first he possessed big houses, cars, and later he took possession of stocks of different companies. Then, he found that everything he had dreamed of was in his possession. (possess)
4．The headmaster has a preference that he prefers overseas Chinese students highly and encourages them to return home to start their own careers. (prefer)
[二十一]
1．A first-class translator must have his translation be faithful to the originals when translating the foreign books. (translate)
2．It was dark in the room and we couldn’t see much at first, but after a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness. (dark)
3．Yesterday, I read a story, whose ending is pleasant. The prince killed the monster and saved the princess in the end and they have lived happily ever since. (end)
4．The warmth of the flames also helped people stay warm in cold weather, enabling us to live in cooler areas. (warm)
5．That country has transformed from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country．That is to say the country has made a complete transformation. (transform)
[二十二]
1．Tom’s parents are worried that he is addicted to the computer games which are addictive to children. (addict)
2．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to breathe the fresh air. Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breath of fresh air was worth it. (breath)
3．After hearing some relaxing music, she felt quite relaxed, and there was relaxed expression on her face. (relax)
4．As we all know, everyone has both strengths and weaknesses．Therefore, we shouldn’t look down upon whoever looks weak. (weaken)
5．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. (stress)
6．You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man. (shame)
7．To my parents’ disappointment, my disappointing math grade greatly disappointed my parents, and their disappointed look urged me to study harder then. (disappoint) 8．As a judge, he has good judgement and never judges a person by his appearance. (judge) 9．An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character. However,
they are not always effective. (effect)拓展词汇
[二十三]
1．One of the worst consequences of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from the lung cancer. Consequently, you and your family will suffer a lot. (consequent)
2．There were a lot of disagreements among us on this issue at first，but finally we reached an agreement. (agree)
3．It was stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation. (state)
4．He has made steady progress in his study after he worked day and night steadily for nearly a few months. (steady)
5．They have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees so far and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter. (contribute)
[二十四]
1．Choose a pair of shoes that suits you best, and we’ll cycle to a suitable place for a picnic. (suit)
2．Chinese-American novelist Gish Jen covers great many a topic in her novels, such as culture, race, and immigrants etc. (novel)
3．He was appointed as manager of the company. But to everyone’s surprise, he didn’t accept the appointment. (appoint)
4．He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety. (anxious)
5．Among all the people we should appreciate, our parents are the ones who deserve our appreciation most. (appreciate)
6．The new labs are equipped with advanced equipment. (equip)
7．Do you want to evaluate your intelligence？Just complete the evaluation from below, please. (evaluate)
8．Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident, but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously. (conscious)
9．People from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting. (diverse)
[二十五]
1．At the school meeting, the encouraging speech given by the headmaster made students greatly encouraged. Thanks to his encouragement, students studied harder than before. (encourage)
2．The young man with great ambition had an ambitious plan to build a school in the poor village. (ambition)
3．My friend’s talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me. Although I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit, he can’t get rid of it. (annoy)
4．Ms. Li is a good assistant, whose assistance benefits us a lot, and she is assisting us in making chemical experiments in the lab now. (assist)
5．As we all know, fresh air is beneficial to our health and the new park benefits us all, so we should keep it clean. (benefit)
6．The young psychologist decided to comfort the girl psychologically,
and advised her to learn psychology from him. (psychology)
7．Over half of the students in our class approved of another basketball match with Class Two, but their approval was disapproved by our PE teacher. (approve)
[二十六]
1．To the satisfaction of the boss, his products could satisfy the needs of the customers. (satisfy)
2．I was very alarmed to hear the alarming news that another bombing had hit London. (alarm)
3．It’s declared that both sides agree to stop fighting. They must obey the declaration for ever. (declare)
4．Everybody said Jane was a talented girl because she did well in all her subjects and had a talent for singing, dancing and drawing. (talent)
5．He put his hand over the receiver in order to receive the signal better. (receive)
6．Last night, my companion kept me company to see a film and then he accompanied me to
my home. (accompany)
7．The old blind man asked me to do him a favour and find his favourite book. (favour)
[二十七]
1．It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it. (scare)
2．The boy’s pencil isn’t sharp, so he sharpens it with his sharpener. (sharp)
3．Though the soup is tasty, I’ve lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water. (tasty)
4．The lake is over 20 meters in depth. So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy. (depth)
5．Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful. (reflect)
6．If you can’t find any accommodations elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people. (accommodation)
7．He described vividly what he saw in London, giving us a vivid picture about people’s life there. (vivid)
[二十八]
1．The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance. (operate) 2．We donate fund to the school every year. The donation is given to those who are in need. (donate)
3．The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students. The adjustment is not difficult to make. (adjust)
4．The volunteer said that he was willing to participate in the voluntary activity. (volunteer) 5．We encouraged anyone to participate in the singing competition and the participant who wins will be given a gift as prize for the participation. (participate)
6．We could make an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 10 a．m. and arrange for the following activity. (arrange)
[二十九]
1．These new shoes are not very comfortable though they are designed for comfort. (comfort) 2．He is preparing for the exam, while his brother is making preparations for the sports meeting. (prepare)
3．This is strictly required，so if you don’t match this requirement, please do not send your resume. (require)
4．She apologized to the teacher for her being late, and he accepted her apology. (apologize) 5．He occupies an important position in a company, and is occupied with all kinds of activities, so his occupation brings him great fame and fortune. (occupy)
6．The young man was recommended as manager of the big company thanks to the
recommendation letter of his professor. (recommend)
7．In a democratic and progressive government, the governors always govern its people in more severe legal means. (govern)
[三十]
1．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (majority)
2．Donald Trump won the election and was elected president of the United States. (elect) 3．All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th. (apply)
4．Apparently, she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident. (apparent)
[三十一]
1．The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge. And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)
2．From the appearance, we cannot tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people. (differ) 3．Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)
4．Don’t assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume) 5．Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance. (resist) 6．He retired from the post as a manager. After his retirement, he settled down in a remote village. (retire)
laying against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team．
[三十二]
1．He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously. (caution)
2．You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient, that is, at his convenience. His house is conveniently near the bus stop. (convenient)
3．In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isn’t any association between them. (associate)
4．The dog wagged its tail in expectation of a bone but was expected to go out. (expect)
5．It is freezing outside now, and more snow is falling on already frozen streets. (freeze)
6．This is my occasional visit to the theme park, in which I occasionally meet the cartoon characters I like most. (occasion)
[三十三]
1．Tom is often fortunate. Last year he went to Shanghai to try his fortune. Fortunately, he met his girlfriend and got married there. (fortune)
2．In the lecture, the professor said that his profession is to cultivate more professionals for the country. (profession)
3．Yesterday an old woman mistook me for her daughter. That means I was mistaken for her daughter. In fact she often makes the same mistake. (mistake)
4．Don’t hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation. (hesitate)
5．To my amazement, the amazing news amazes the family and their neighbors are also amazed. (amaze)
6．Three of his novels have been adapted for TV and this is a screen adaptation. (adapt)
7．Jane was robbed of her diamond ring the other day and the robber was caught by the police very soon. (rob)
8．Her house is modern and comfortably furnished, but she always feels slightly uncomfortable the moment she comes in. (comfortable)
9．Mike likes music very much. There were many musical instruments in his room. When he was young, he wanted to be a famous musician. (music)
[三十四]
1．If you interrupt others’ conversation abruptly, you will be to blame for your interruption. (interrupt)
2．Assuming that you are the guide of the foreigners who are to visit our school, how would you prepare for your assumption as the guide? (assume)
3．The boy needs a pencil sharpener to sharpen his pencil, because the sharpener he has isn’t sharp. (sharpen)
4．The kid made a mess in the living room, so his mother asked him to clean out the messy living room quickly. (mess)
5．With the teacher’s help, I analysed the data of this experiment. The teacher considered my analysis reasonable. (analyse)
6．The scientists think his invention is of great significance, because it is significant to cure the patients of deadly disease. (significant)
7．The candies were divided out among all the kids, but they could not agree upon the division of them. (divide)
[三十五]
1．As we all know, Mo Yan, a famous novelist, won Nobel Literature Prize and wrote many excellent novels. (novel)
2．Although the patient was out of patience, the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently. (patience)
3．I will come after the meeting if time permits, but I should ask for my headmaster’s permission first. (permit)
4．It was rude of you to injure his pride last night, so you must offer him an apology for your rudeness. (rude)
5．He is the most believable person, but on the other hand, how unbelievable it is that he should believe in the liar. (believe)
6．Lucy, a young girl from America, is fond of adventure. Her adventurous experience is unbelievable. (adventure)
中考英语必备—词类、句子成分和构词法 1、词类 英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is ,are, have, see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art.)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj.)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词和介词短语担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) Jill has lunch at school every day. 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)
2020年高考：英语知识点高频必考归纳 1.able 用法：be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。 Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。 Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。 Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7.agree 用法：与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do Note: 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in. 10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best. 11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。 Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如：Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later. 12.another 用法：表示又一个，泛指，相当于one more的含义。 Note: 不能直接加复数名词，需要与一个数词搭配，如：another 2 weeks. 13.answer 用法：及物动词，但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。 Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如：answer the phone/door. 14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do Note: be anxious about表示担心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。 15.appear 用法：不及物动词，没有宾语，没有被动语态。 Note: 还可以作为系动词，与seem同义，表示看起来……。 16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一个小地方；arrive in表示到一个大地方。 Note: 引申含义表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion. 17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：ask that sb. (should) do的形式。 18.asleep 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。 19.attend 用法：表示参加，后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词；也可以表示照顾，照料。 Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。 20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sb’s attention Note: 写通知时的常用语：May I have your attention, please?
2019届高考英语句子成分 语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句 一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： during the 1990s, american country music has become more and more popular.（名词） we often speak english in class.（代词） one-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） to swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） the rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） when we are going to have an english test has not been decided.（主语从句） it is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式 主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：he practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：you may keep the book for two weeks. he has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：we are students.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： our teacher of english is an american.（名词） is it yours?（代词） the weather has turned cold.（形容词） the speech is exciting.（分词） three times seven is twenty one?（数词） his job is to teach english.（不定式） his hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） the machine must be out of order.（介词短语） time is up. the class is over.（副词） the truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）
高考英语词汇分类记忆 1.People 1. baby 婴儿 2. being物；生物；人 3. child(复children) n. 孩子，儿童 4. citizen 公民,居民,市民 5. civil国内,平民(非军人)的；民用 6. companion同伴,同事 7. comrade n. 同志 8. crowdn..人群vt. 拥挤，群聚 9. enemy n. 敌人；敌军 10. fellow n. 同伴；伙伴 11. friend[frend] n. 朋友 12. generation n.代,一代 13. guest n. 客人，宾客 14. human a.&n. 人，人类 15. humanbeing 人 16. man (单数，无冠词) n.人,人类（包括男女） 17. neighbour(-bor) n.邻居,邻人 18. partner n. 搭档,股东,舞伴 19. people n. 人，人们；人民 20. personn. 人, 身体, 容貌,
21. population n. 人口 22. publica.公共的,公众n.公众 23. race[reis] n. 种族，民族 24. teenager (13-19)青少年 25. adult 26. kid 2.Sex 1. boyn. 男孩 2. female a. 女性的；雌性的 3. girl n. 女孩 4. gentlemann. 绅士，先生 5. ladyn. 女士，夫人 6. sex[seks] n. 性，性别, 7. madam/madame夫人,女士 8. male[meil] a. 男的, 雄的, 男 9. man (men) n.男人，成年男子 10. Mr. (mister) n.先生, 阁下 11. Mrs.(mistress)夫人, 太太 12. Ms.[miz] n. 女士, 小姐 13. sirn. 先生；阁下 14. woman n. 妇女,女人,女仆
高考英语知识串讲 第1讲 一、Language Points 1. share v. 分享、合用：share sth with sb n. 一份，股份 spare a. 业余的，备用的：spare time, a spare tire v. 抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/ spare one of sandwiches for the boy spare no efforts：不遗余力 spare no expense：不惜工本 save v. 节省，救出 2. He felt lucky to have survived the war. 3. with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论 argue for/against sth：赞成/反对… Sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事 4. have/make/let/see/watch/listen to +宾+宾补(do/doing/done) get sb to do sth have+宾+宾补(to do/to be done) 5. So+同一主语+助动词 So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语 So it is/was with+另一主语 6. should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done 7. except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clause besides/in addition apart from but for=without 8. The first time+从句 For the first time：作时间状语 It’s the first time+that-clause(完成时) the first+名词+to do 9. most most of the +n.(pl)/pron. the majority of (the) mostly: 主要地（状） 10. be equal to sth：与…相等 be equal to (doing) sth：胜任(做)某事 equal sth：与…相等 equal sb in sth：在…方面与某人匹敌 11. compar e…to/with… compared to/wit h… 12. a great many several/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.) (many) dozens of a great many of +the/these/those+n.(pl.) seveal/two dozen of +pron. 13. much too+adj/adv(原级) too much+n.(u.) too many+n.(pl.) 14. 没有被动态 come about(主要用于疑问句、否定句) happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意) sth+ take place(多表示有组织、有计划) break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发) occur(与happen通用) It occurs to sb that/to d o…：某人突然想起…
Part1英语句子成分 一、词类 英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二、句子成分 1.主语：是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。如：
The car is running fast. / The girl can sing many English songs.(名词) We are students. / This is my pen . Yours is on the desk.(代词) One of my classmates is from Shanghai. / Two and three is five.(数词) The blind need more help.(名词化的形容词) It's bad manners to spit in public. (不定式) Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。 练一练：指出下例句中主语的中心词。 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 2.谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。如： 由单一动词作谓语：We are Chinese. / He has an English- Chinese dictionary. 情态动词加主要动词：We can play the piano. / You must see the doctor. 助动词加主要动词构成谓语：She is talking with her sister. / I have seen this man before.
v1.0 可编辑可修改 高考英语单词分类汇编 School 学校 第一组 No1 subjects 有关科目的词汇curriculum n 课程 course n 课程 compulsory course n 必修课optional course n 选修课schedule n 课程表 school timetable n 课程表mathematics（math） n 数学Algebra n 代数 Arithmetic n 算术 Geometry n 几何 statistics n 统计学 physics n 物理 chemistry n 化学 Chinese n 汉语 English n 英语 biology n 生物 politics n 政治 history n 历史 geography n 地理 physical education(PE) n 体育music n 音乐 art n 美术 science n 科学 philosophy n 哲学 medicine n 医学 engineering n 工程学astronomy n 天文学psychology n 心理学 economics n 经济学 finance n 金融学 law n 法学 botany n 植物学 zoology n 动物学 math 有关数学的词汇 count v 数数 number n 数字 add v 加 addition n 加法 subtract v 减去 subtraction n 减法 multiply v 乘 multiplication n 乘法 divide by v 除以 division n 除法 calculate v 计算 equation n 方程式，等式 plus n 加，正号 minus n 减，负号 square n 平方 cube n 立方，立方体 index n 指数 average n 平均数 percent n 百分之… point n 点 line n 线 plane n 面 angle n 角 degree n 度 parallel 平行的，平行线 triangle n 三角形 rectangle n 矩形 square n 正方形 circle n 圆 diameter n 直径 radius n 半径 oval n 椭圆形 round a 圆的 straight a 直的 bent a 弯的 physics 有关物理的词汇 matter n 物质 energy n 能 liquid n 液体 fluid n 流体 solid n 固体 gas n 气体 object n 物体 mass n 质量 weight n 重量 gravity n 重力 speed n 速度 accelerate v 加速 acceleration n 加速度 friction n 摩擦力 pressure n 压力，压强 work n 功 temperature n 温度 heat n 热 conduction n 传导
高考英语重点知识点大全 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。 例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句
It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况。 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said ，(reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…，It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
2020;2020年高考英语一轮语法复习：句子成分 一. 主语 主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语和从句。 1．名词作主语。如：A tree has fallen across the road. 2．代词用作主语。如：You’re not far wrong. 注意: * 反身代词不能充当句子主语。如You can express yourself at the meeting. * 指人的不定代词（someone, somebody ,no one, nobody, anyone, anybody ,everyone, everybody）与指物的不定代词(something, anything, everything ,nothing）做主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:everyone is here。但是都不能跟of短语，不能说someone of ， no one of， something of，但是可以说every one of，none of。做主语反意疑问句用复数，everyone is here，aren’t they？但是 someone lost his pen，didn’t he？ 3．数词用作主语。如：Three is enough. 4．名词化的形容词用作主语。 The idle are forced to work. 当the+adj表示抽象名词时谓语动词采用单数形式。 The new replaces the old。（新陈代谢）5．不定式用作主语。如：To find your way can be a problem. 注意：动词不定式做主语, 通常有两种情形: 一种是不定式直接放在句首(这种形式较少),另一种是用it做形式主语,把不定式置于句末,达到平衡句子的目的. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing。（眼见为实） It’s nice of you to help me with my English. 6．动名词用作主语。如：Smoking is bad for you. 注意：不定式与动名词做主语一般来说差别不大，有时两者可以互换。但按照传统语法来说，动名词表示说话人的习惯、爱好或事抽象动作；而动词不定式表示具体的、一次性动作。例如：
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系 （1）十大词类： 据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。 根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分： 实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。 特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。 虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。 特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。 （2）八大句子成分： 句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。 英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。 ★主语： 概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。 位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末。 构成：由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。 He ran away.他跑掉了。 To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。 Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。 What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。 Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。 ★谓语： 概念：说明主语的动作、特征、状态等的句子成分，叫做谓语。 位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，特殊句型位于主语之前。 构成：由动词或动词短语充当。 例如：We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一至周五上学。 I went to the zoo yesterday.昨天我去了动物园。 Some children asked for cold drinks. 有些孩子要喝冷饮。 I shall go to see him tomorrow. 明天我要去看他。 I must ask her to teach me to swim. 我一定得请她教我游泳。 We looked for Mr. Wilson yesterday.我们昨天找过威尔逊先生。 He took part in the meeting last Saturday.他上周六参加了会议。 ★宾语： 概念：动词宾语是动作的承受者。及物动词以及相当于及物动词的短语后都必须带宾语。 介词之后的宾语叫介词宾语。 位置：动词宾语位于及物动词之后；介词宾语位于介词之后。 构成：名词、名词化的形容词、代词、数词、-ing形式、动词不定式和从句等均可作宾语。 例如：The teacher asked the students to finish the homework after class. 老师让学生们课下完成作业。 He wanted to buy that T-shirt.他想买那件T恤衫。 They are having a party in the garden.他们正在花园里开聚会。 I don’t know when they will arrive.我不知道他们何时到达。 ★双宾语： 英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，动作的承受者，即指物的叫做直接宾语，动作是为谁做的或是对谁做的，即指人的叫做间接宾语，这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。 例：Pass me the salt, please. 把盐递给我。the salt（直接宾语），me（间接宾语） They asked me to sing them a song. 他们要我给他们唱一支歌。 a song（直接宾语），them（间接宾语）。 间接宾语后置：间接宾语也可以放在直接宾语的后面，这时候需要在间接宾语之前分别加两个介词：for或to.具体用哪一个介词，主要取决于句子的谓语动词。 例：I’ll lend you something to read. →I’ll lend something to read to you. 我要借点什么东西给你看。 I hope you will do me a favor.→I hope you will do a favor for me. 我希望你能帮我做一件事。 以下这类双宾语动词如果间接宾语后置，要求在间接宾语之前加“to”。 give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise, award, accord, grant, owe, refuse, deny等。 以下这类双宾语动词如果间接宾语后置，要求在间接宾语之前加“for”。 make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, play, save, reserve, spare, order, cook, sing, find等。
高考英语3500单词快速记忆法(联想记忆) adventure ;n.& vt.：venture 冒险；投机risk; danger; adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的；充满危险的 airplane ;n. aircraft 飞行器;飞机; disappoint ;v. 指定；委派 argue ;vi. 争论；争吵discuss; brave ;adj. 勇敢的； care about担心；关心care for 喜欢; cast vt.& vi. 投掷；投射；抛(cast,cast) 广播 compass ;n. 罗盘；指南针pass 通过；经过 deserted adj. 荒芜的；荒废的；为人所弃的；desert 沙漠；dessert甜点；drop sb a line 给某人写信（通常指写短信） e-pal；;n. pale苍白的; e-friend； error ；n. 错误；差错；false adj. 错误的；fault n.错误false; incorrect不正确的 feeling ；n. 触觉；知觉；感觉；情绪； ；touch; Fond；adj. 喜爱的；喜欢的; ( be) fond of喜欢；爱好 Fry；;vt. & vi. 油煎；油炸frying-pan; pot; try Gun；;n. 炮；枪 Hammer；n. 锤子；槌；火腿; Handsome；;adj. 英俊的；美观的； beautiful; pretty; smart honest；adj. 诚实的；正直的 hunt vt.& vi.& n. 打猎；猎取；搜寻 hunt for 搜寻；追寻；寻找look/ search for in order to 为了; lie ;n./v. ；lied ); lay；lain躺; loyal ;adj. 忠诚的；忠心的；;n.忠诚；loyalist；忠臣； match; ;n. 火柴;比赛; 前进 mirror; ;n. 镜子; ：error 错误; terror; 恐怖；
最新2020高考英语知识点整理 高考英语知识点：英语第一轮复习知识点 一、在复习词汇时，学生要学会自我总结 通过自我总结，学生主动取得了知识的精华，并转化为适合自己需要的东西。善于归纳中学教材中常用词汇的基本用法及相关知识点的异同，如：mean一词，可以表示"意思是"、"意味着"，常用于mean something/doing something，而在"mean to do something"结构中，则是"计划"、"打算"之意。善于对有共同用法或特点的词汇进行归纳，形成相关的小知识链。如：suggest(建议)，insist(坚持要求)，demand(要求)、ask(请求)等后接的宾语从句中都要用虚拟语气。善于归纳近义词、同义词，如：在复习join的用法时，可以联系join in，take part in，join sb in归纳复习之后，要做对应练习。这样才能扩大词汇量，又可以提高实际运用英语能力。 二、句型复习应结合课本的例句进行 中学英语课本的句型很多，有强调句、祈使句、倒装句、省略句、反意疑问句、插入语等句型。这些都是高考的常考点。我们通过复习
课本的例句，总结归纳这些句型的特点、用法及它们的适用条件，既掌握英语的基本句型用法，又可以促进我们的英语谴词造句能力。 三、语法复习要考虑语境 通过语境来训练我们的语言使用能力。每一个语法项目的复习可分三个层次进行：复习要点、主要考点、精选练习。如果能做到这一点，定能做到学以致用。现在高考英语试题淡化了语法，但学好语法却是正确和规范运用英语的保证。因此，语法复习不可轻视。 四、重视交际用语复习 如今高考试题越来越重视考查学生的英语交际能力，而且中学英语教材的每一单元都有以交际功能贯穿的对话课。因此，学生在复习时，要注意对各单元的对话进行排列分类，整理归纳，总结出相关话题的典型句型，并设想具体语境，亲身实践，学会运用。如果交际用语复习和听力复习结合起来进行，效果更佳。 高考英语知识点：英语时态知识点大全 般现在时
句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 （二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式） （三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。 如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）
英语句子成分讲解 一、定义 1.词类： 名词(n.)：表示人或事物的名称。名词分为专有名词和普通名词；普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词；可数名词分为个体名词和集合名词；不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。 动词(v.)：表示动作或状态等。动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词(可直接跟宾语)、不及物动词(不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须加上某个介词)。 形容词(adj.)：用来修饰名词或代词。形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否。形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing结尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后。 副词(adv.)：用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词，是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为：地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。 介词(prep.)：用在名词、代词等前面，表示与别的词的关系。介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般跟名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。介词分为：地点(位置、范围)介词、方向(目标趋向)介词、时间介词、方式介词、涉及介词、其他介词。 连词(conj.)：用来连接词与词或句与句。连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。从属连词用来引导名词性从句和状语从句。 冠词(art.)：用在名词前帮助说明其词义。冠词是位于名词或名词词组之前或之后，在句子里主要是对名词起限定作用的词。冠词是一种虚词，分为定冠词the和不定冠词a、an。 代词(pron.)：用来代替名词或数词等。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。 数词(num.)：用来表示数量或顺序。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词，序数词表示排列的顺序。 感叹词(int.)：表示说话时的感情或口气。 2.句子成分： 主语：主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，主语一般由名词、代词、名词化了的动词、形容词、分词、副词或数词等、动词不定式或不定式短语、从句、某些固定词组等来充当。 谓语：谓语在句子中说明主语的动作，具有的特征或所处的状态。一般放在主语之后。谓语是由简单动词或动词短语（助动词/情态动词+主要动词）构成。 宾语：宾语是指一个动作的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类，其中直接宾语指该动作的直接对象，间接宾语说明动作是非直接的，但也是受该动作影响的对象。一般而言，及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语，而该宾语通常为直接宾语，有些及物动词要求两个宾语，则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语，另一个为间接宾语。宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来充当。 表语：表语是说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或从句，它常位于系动词（be、become、appear、seem、look、sound、feel、get、smell等词）之后。表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、从句等来充当。