名校必备攻坚高考必考重点
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天兵下北荒，胡马欲南饮。
横戈从百战，直为衔恩甚。
握雪海上餐，拂沙陇头寝。
何当破月氏，然后方高枕攻坚高考必考重点——高考英语热点动词十五类动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。
此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。
历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50% 以上。
笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。
•连系动词类连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：•变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become ，go ，turn ，grow ，get ，fall 等。
•感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel ，smell ，taste ，look ，sound 等。
•状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep ，come ，run ，remain ，stand ，lie ，stay ，prove 等。
•外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear ，seem ，look 等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于相容词的结构作表语。
除了少数几个( 如feel ，get ，become ，grow 等) 外，不用进行时态和被动结构。
例如：The mixture is tasted terrible.( 误)The mixture tastes terrible.( 正)Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.( 误)Jim pretended to fall/be asleep when his mother came in.( 正)I'm feeling much better than ever before.It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall.[ 高考例题]•－Do you like the material?－Yes, it very soft.(NMET94)A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt(2)Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.(NMET03)A. be stayedB. stayC. be stayingD. have stayed(3)The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain as the plane was making a landing.A. seatB. seatingC. seatedD. to be seating (04 春季高考上海卷)(4)Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may run over by a car. (02 高考北京卷)A. haveB. getC. becomeD. turn(5)Happy birthday, Alice. So you have twenty-one already.(04 天津卷)A. becomeB. turnedC. grownD. passed(6)Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to before the party.(04 全国卷II)•get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change(7)On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she pale.(04 湖北卷)A. gotB. changedC. wentD. appeared(8)The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(04 上海卷)•to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt(9)Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health poor.(02 春上海卷)•proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues(10)I love to go to the seaside in summer. It good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.•does B. feels C. gets D. makes(Key: CBCBB ACBBB)•感官动词类常考的感官动词有see ，watch ，notice ，observe ，hear ，feel ，find ，catch 等。
感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾主补足语，表达不同的含义。
•后接不带to 的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。
I often heard the song sung, but I have never heard you sing it.When you go to watch the football watch, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.•后接V-ing 形式表示正在进行的动作。
Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast.•后接V-ed 形式表被动意义。
After his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed.Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken.[ 高考例题](1)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(NMET2000) •carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out(2)A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.(NMET03)•smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked(3)The missing boys were last seen near the river.•playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play(4)The salesman scolded the girl who was caught and let her off.(NMET93)•to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing(5)He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting (04 春北京卷)(Key: CBADD)•使役动词类表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make ，let ，have ，keep ，leave ，set ，send 等。
使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾主补足语，表达不同的含义。
分以下三种情况：•make ，let have 等后接不带to 的不定式，表“使/ 让某人/ 某物做某事”。
Don't make him do it if he doesn't want to .If you have any problems, just let me know.在被动结构中不定式须带to ，但是have 不用于被动结构中to 。
He was made to apologize to the guest.•have ，keep ，leave ，send ，set ，get 等后接V-ing 形式，表持续性动作。
I'm sorry to keep you waiting for so long.Why do you have him worrying about his lessons?•have ，keep ，leave 等后接V-ed 形式，表被动含义。
He didn't keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired.I'll keep you informed as soon as I have the news.[ 高考例题](1)Don't leave the water while you brush you teeth.(04 天津卷)•run B. running C. being run D. to run(2)Laws that punish parents for their children's actions against the laws get parents .(04 重庆卷)•worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry(3) －Why did you go back to the shop?－I left my friend here.(03 春安徽内蒙古卷)•waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits(4)It was so cold that they kept the fire all night.(NME91)•to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned(5) －Good morning, can I help you?－I'd like to have this package , madam.•be weighed B. weighing C. weighed D. to weigh (NMET89)(6)The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself .(NMET91)•hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard(7)As you have never been there before, I'll have someone you the way. (94 上海卷) •show B. to show C. showing D. showed(8)Paul doesn't have to be made . He always works hard.(NMET95)•learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning(9)A computer can do only what thinking people .(99 上海卷)•have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done(10)Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had went wrong.(98 年上海卷)•it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired(Key: BCACC DABAC)•含情感色彩的动词这类动词有excite, inspire, encourage, interest, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, amaze, astonish, shock, worry, astonish, disappoint, discourage, exhaust, puzzle, tire, terrify 等。
