过去分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语及状语

过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语及状语

一．过去分词作表语

1. 表语：系动词后面的部分；

e.g. He is a good student.

That sounds good.

2. 过去分词作表语

(1)用法：一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词 + 过去分词）

e.g. No wonder he is excited!

(2)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted, disappointed,

upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested,

qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied

3.用所给词的适当形式填空：

(1) But he became ________(inspire)when he thought about helping

ordinary people.

(2) He got__________ (interest)in two theories explaining how cholera

killed people.

(3) Neither its cause, nor its cure was __________(understand).

(4) He got ______________(blame) about losing the money.

(5) The painter looked so _____(tire) after working for a whole day.

(6) I was ___________ (disappoint)with the film I saw last night. I had

expected it to be better.

(7) Everybody was _________(shock)to hear of the death of the famous film star.

(8) Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic

stadiums.

(9) His wound became _______ (infect)with a new virus.

(10) They were ________(prepare) to accept my idea.

(11) I’ll be _________(interest) to know how they mad the wonderful

fireworks.

(12) The mayor said that he was _______ (worry)about the

_________(continue) rise of the water level in the river bed.

(13) Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ (concern)with

pop stars.

(14) He was _________ (frighten)of going alone into the empty house.

二．过分去分词作定语

1 过去分词的形式: done

2过去分词的用法：一般表示完成的、被动的动作。

3过去分词的使用

(1)作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。

(2)过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前,称为前置定语。 e.g. a broken vase

a stolen watch

(3)过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中，称为后置定语。

e.g. The house built in 1912 was taken down last week.

4.专题练习

(1) He is the man__________(see) by me yesterday.

(2) That is one of the most interesting books______(sell) in the

bookshop.

(3) The writer and his novel______(talk) are really well known.

(4) So many thousands of_______(terrify) people died.

(5) He is a _______(retire)worker.

(6) This is a newly________(develop) device.

(7) He found that it came from the river________(pollute)by the dirty

water from London.

(8) Some of them, born and______(bring) up in rural villages, had

never seen a train.

(9) Recently ________ (arrive)soldiers are helping to take the victims

to safe areas from the flood.

三．过去分词作宾语补足语 1.变化规则：动词的过去分词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。

2.宾语补足语：

e.g. We think him clever.

What he said made me angry.

We consider the answer correct.

We find them playing basketball.

(1) 定义：指跟随在直接宾语之后修饰和补充说明直接宾语的单词或短语；

①His father named him Doming.

②They painted their house white.

③He asked me to lend my computer to him.

④We saw her leaving.

⑤ I always find him in the classroom.

⑥Let the fresh air in.

⑦You cannot call it what you will.

⑧We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.

3. 过去分词作宾语补足语

（1）用法：

①及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾补时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的 被动关系。

e.g. He got his bad tooth pulled out yesterday He found his new bike stolen.

②少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。

e.g. I found the leaves fallen two days ago.

She found her necklace gone on her way home.

③动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示宾语的状态，而不表示被动或完成的意义。

e.g. On coming in, I found a girl seated in the corner.

I like her dressed in red.

(2) 使用情况

①用在部分系动词（keep, leave）之后；

e.g. They kept the door locked for a long time.

Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.

②部分使役动词(get, have, make, etc.)之后；

e.g. I have had my bike repaired.

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

③像Watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等动词之后；

e.g. When we got to school, we saw the door locked.

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

④像want, wish, like, expect, order等动词之后；

e.g. The teacher won’t like the problem discussed at the moment. I want the suit made to his own measure.

⑤用于“with +宾语+宾语补足语”的 结构。

e.g. The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building,

his house looks like a beautiful garden.

With the matter settled, we all went home.

4.过去分词与现在分词作宾语补足语的区别:过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系现在分词与宾语之间是主谓关系

e.g. I saw him sleeping in bed.

I saw him bitten by a dog.

I heard someone calling me.

I heard my name called.

5.过去分词作宾语补足语与不定式的区别：过去分词强调与宾语之间的被动关系，表示动作已完成。不定式强调动作发生的全过程、或表将来要发生的事情。

e.g. With all the problems settled, he felt happy.

With many problems to settle, he felt worried.

6. 省略to的情况：

(1)使役动词 let, have, make等后作宾补。

e.g. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make them hear

what she said.

His parents let him do whatever he wants.